EP3804907B1 - Method for producing an abrasive unit - Google Patents
Method for producing an abrasive unit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3804907B1 EP3804907B1 EP20200767.0A EP20200767A EP3804907B1 EP 3804907 B1 EP3804907 B1 EP 3804907B1 EP 20200767 A EP20200767 A EP 20200767A EP 3804907 B1 EP3804907 B1 EP 3804907B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- abrasive
- recesses
- carrier
- material carrier
- unit
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 115
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 87
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003848 UV Light-Curing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
- B24D11/001—Manufacture of flexible abrasive materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
- B24D11/04—Zonally-graded surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
- B24D18/0072—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for using adhesives for bonding abrasive particles or grinding elements to a support, e.g. by gluing
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing an abrasive unit for grinding, polishing and/or lapping, an abrasive unit for grinding, polishing and/or lapping and a processing machine for grinding, polishing and/or lapping.
- Abrasive units are basically known and can be provided, for example, as grinding, polishing or lapping disks.
- Grinding wheels typically include a hard abrasive material for removing material from a workpiece. This hard abrasive material is usually coupled with a binder that holds the hard abrasive material in one position. Polishing and lapping disks are usually designed accordingly.
- a screen printing process is usually used to produce grinding, polishing or lapping wheels.
- three-dimensional screen printing processes are also used to produce such grinding and polishing disks.
- a screen printing stencil is placed on a carrier plate and a mixture of the abrasive material and the binding material is inserted into openings in the screen printing stencil. The screen printing stencil is then removed again. This process can also be carried out by placing the screen printing stencil on a polishing cloth which is arranged on a support plate.
- Such a process and the abrasive unit produced with it are, for example, from DE 10 2015 216538 B3 known.
- the object is achieved by a method according to claim 1 for producing an abrasive unit for grinding, polishing and / or lapping, comprising the steps: introducing a plurality of recesses into a material carrier, the recesses having opening entries at least on one processing side of the material carrier, and Introducing an abrasive material into the plurality of recesses, wherein the material carrier is designed to be flexible in shape and is designed as a polyurethane cloth or as a plastic film and / or a hard paper.
- the invention is based on the knowledge that the production of abrasive units without screen printing offers a variety of advantages.
- the method according to the first aspect can be used to produce higher quality abrasive units. This production also requires less effort.
- the large number of recesses are made in the material carrier.
- the material carrier comprises a processing side and the recesses have passage axes that are aligned essentially parallel to an orthogonal of the processing surface.
- the recesses are in particular arranged and designed in such a way that an abrasive material can be introduced into them.
- the interior of the recesses is accessible at least from the processing side, in particular through the opening entries.
- the abrasive material is introduced into the large number of recesses.
- the abrasive material is introduced into one, two, several or all of the recesses.
- the introduction of the abrasive material into the large number of recesses can, for example, be done in such a way that Abrasive material is applied to the processing side of the material carrier and spread. Spreading can be done, for example, with a spatula. Such an application is also known as squeegeeing.
- the excess abrasive material on the processing side is then removed again, so that the abrasive material is essentially arranged in the recesses.
- the abrasive material is designed in particular to machine a workpiece, in particular by machining with an indeterminate cutting edge.
- the abrasive material preferably comprises abrasive elements and a binding material.
- the binding material is preferably arranged and designed to hold the abrasive elements in one position.
- the abrasive elements are in particular arranged and designed to bring about a cutting effect on a workpiece.
- the material carrier is designed to be flexible in shape and is preferably designed as a polishing cloth and/or as a polyurethane cloth. Furthermore, it may be preferred that the material carrier is or comprises a cloth-like textile product which comprises synthetic and/or natural fibers.
- the fibers are preferably processed into woven fabrics, nonwovens and/or felt materials, with the fibers also preferably being present as laminates and/or composites.
- a material carrier designed to be flexible in shape can be reversibly changed in shape, with the structure of the material carrier remaining essentially unchanged.
- the material carrier is in particular designed in such a way that it is subject to abrasion in a grinding, polishing and/or lapping process.
- the person skilled in the art understands in particular that the material carrier has greater abrasion than the abrasive material.
- the material carrier, which is designed to be flexible in shape can preferably be designed as a polishing cloth.
- the material carrier, which is designed to be flexible in shape is designed as a polyurethane cloth.
- the material carrier can also be designed as a cloth-like textile product.
- the cloth-like textile product includes synthetic and/or natural fibers. These fibers can be used as fabric, Nonwovens and/or felt materials can be processed. In addition, the fibers can also be present as laminates and/or as composites.
- Synthetic fibers are also known as synthetic fibers.
- the natural fibers can be, for example, or include cotton fibers.
- the material carrier is designed as a plastic film and/or as a hard paper or includes this.
- the material carrier can have or consist of a foamed material and/or a non-metallic material, the foamed material preferably being a polyurethane foam.
- the recesses can advantageously be introduced into a material carrier designed as a plastic film or a hard paper.
- the recesses can also be advantageously introduced into a material carrier that consists of or includes polyurethane foam.
- the polyurethane foam also has micropores that enable uniform abrasion and thus wear on the material carrier when machining a workpiece.
- the material carrier has a material carrier thickness of less than 5 mm, in particular less than 3 mm, preferably less than 1.5 mm.
- the material carrier thickness is to be understood in particular as the thickness of the material carrier.
- the material carrier thickness preferably extends in a direction that is parallel to a surface orthogonal of the processing side of the material carrier.
- the material carrier is hydrophilic.
- a hydrophilic material carrier has the advantage that it can absorb at least a small amount of a liquid, in particular water. Since liquids are regularly used in grinding and polishing processes, the abrasive unit can absorb part of the liquid, in particular the water.
- this comprises the step: arranging the material carrier with a fastening side arranged opposite the processing side on a carrier plate, the carrier plate being designed to act as a coupling element between the abrasive unit and a processing machine.
- the carrier plate preferably has a geometry that is essentially the same as the material carrier.
- the carrier plate can be made of metal or plastic, for example, or can include metal or plastic.
- the carrier plate preferably comprises one, two or more cantilever sections.
- the cantilever sections can, for example, have a radius that is smaller than the radius of the carrier plate.
- the cantilever sections preferably protrude in such a way that they can be used to dismantle the abrasive unit from a processing machine.
- a substantially abrasive material-impermeable intermediate element in particular a plastic film, and/or a fastening element, in particular an adhesive film, is/are arranged on the fastening side of the material carrier, wherein preferably the intermediate element and/or the Fastening element is arranged between the material carrier and the carrier plate.
- the intermediate element is arranged and designed in such a way that it extends essentially completely between the material carrier and the carrier plate.
- the abrasive material-impermeable intermediate element prevents abrasive material from getting out of the recesses into the space between the material carrier and the carrier plate.
- the recesses can also extend through the intermediate element and/or the fastening element.
- the fastening element can be arranged between the material carrier and the carrier plate.
- the fastening element can, for example, be designed as a double-sided adhesive film that adheres to the material carrier and to the carrier plate. This enables a connection between the material carrier and the carrier plate.
- the abrasive material-impermeable intermediate element and the fastening element can also be formed as a single element.
- the recesses are punched and/or grooved.
- the recesses produced by a punching process and/or by a grooving process can advantageously be produced and then filled with the abrasive material
- the recesses are designed as blind holes and/or through holes.
- a blind hole has the advantage that the abrasive material generally cannot emerge on a side opposite the processing side.
- the recesses designed as through holes have the advantage of being easier to manufacture.
- a protective element in particular a protective film, is arranged on the processing side, and the recesses are introduced through the protective element into the material carrier, preferably the protective element is removed after introducing the abrasive material.
- the protective element When introducing the abrasive material, the protective element makes it possible for it to be introduced into the plurality of recesses and essentially not onto the processing side of the material carrier. This avoids the need for a further manufacturing step after the abrasive material has been introduced into the recesses, namely the removal of the excess abrasive material from the processing side of the material carrier.
- the protective element can, for example, be removed from the material carrier after the abrasive material has been introduced.
- An abrasive unit is thus provided whose processing side of the material carrier is essentially free of abrasive material, so that only abrasive material is arranged in the recesses and, if necessary, protruding slightly upwards from the recesses.
- the abrasive material is introduced in such a way that the abrasive material essentially ends with the processing side and preferably the abrasive material forms a substantially flat surface with the processing side.
- excess abrasive material can be removed after the abrasive material has been introduced into the plurality of recesses. For example, this removal can also take place during the scraping or filling of the recesses.
- a substantially flat surface also means that the abrasive material protrudes slightly from the recesses. For example, this can be the case if a protective element is arranged on the processing side and is removed again after the abrasive material has been introduced. In this case, the abrasive material can, for example, protrude beyond the processing side with the thickness of the protective element.
- an abrasive unit for grinding, polishing and/or lapping, comprising a material carrier with a plurality of recesses, the recesses having opening entrances at least on one processing side of the material carrier, and wherein an abrasive material is in the recesses is arranged, characterized in that the material carrier is designed to be flexible in shape and is designed as a polishing cloth and/or as a polyurethane cloth or is designed as a plastic film and/or hard paper.
- the abrasive material is arranged in the recesses in such a way that the abrasive material forms a substantially flat surface with the processing side.
- a substantially flat surface lies also occurs when the abrasive material protrudes from one of the recesses with a projection height, the projection height being less than 20%, less than 10%, less than 5% or less than 2% of a recess depth.
- the recess depth is either the distance between the processing side and a recess base, the distance between the processing side and the fastening side or the material thickness of the material carrier.
- the material carrier is a cloth-like textile product which comprises synthetic and/or natural fibers, the fibers preferably being processed into woven fabrics, nonwovens and/or felt materials, the fibers also preferably being used as laminates and / or composites are present.
- the material carrier can have a non-metallic material or consist of this or these.
- the material carrier has a material carrier thickness of less than 5 mm, in particular less than 3 mm, preferably less than 1.5 mm, and/or is designed to be hydrophilic.
- the abrasive material comprises or consists of abrasive elements and/or a binding material, the abrasive elements preferably being selected from the group consisting of: diamond, alumina, silicon carbide, boron carbide, and/or or cerium oxide, and/or the binding material is a one- or multi-component synthetic resin, preferably Epoxy resin, and / or a UV-curing synthetic resin includes or consists of this.
- the abrasive elements of the abrasive material are in particular arranged and designed to remove material from a workpiece.
- the binding material holds the abrasive elements in one position.
- one, two, several or all of the recesses have a round, oval, triangular, polygonal, in particular hexagonal, and/or groove-shaped cross section and/or are designed as a spiral slot.
- one, two, several or all of the recesses have a recess extension that is between 1 mm and 20 mm, preferably between 5 mm to 15 mm, in particular between 8 mm to 12 mm. In the case of a circular recess, the reces extension corresponds in particular to the diameter.
- the material carrier has an edge region, the edge region adjoining an outer edge of the material carrier and extending in the direction of a center point of the material carrier with an edge region extension of up to 20 mm, preferably up to 10 mm , wherein the edge region is essentially designed to be free of recesses.
- a first processing section adjoins the edge region and a second processing section having the center point adjoins the first processing section, wherein the recess extension of the recesses in the first processing section is smaller than the recess extension of the recesses in the second processing section, and / or a second Spacing between two recesses in the second processing section is smaller than a first spacing between two recesses in the first processing section.
- the material carrier can include a central recess having the center point.
- the wear in the second processing section is often greater than in the first processing section. Through This greater wear can be counteracted by a larger recess extension of the recesses in the second processing section and/or by a smaller spacing of the recesses in the second processing section. A substantially constant removal rate can therefore be achieved with the abrasive unit.
- the wear in the first processing section may also be greater under certain circumstances. This greater wear can be countered with larger recesses in the first processing section.
- the central recess is in particular arranged and designed to arrange the abrasive unit on a processing machine.
- the central recess can be used for positioning.
- At least two recesses are arranged such that they are spaced apart from one another by less than 10 mm, preferably less than 8 mm, in particular less than 5 mm.
- at least two recesses can be arranged such that they are spaced apart from one another by more than 1 mm, in particular more than 4 mm.
- a protective element in particular a protective film, is arranged on the processing side in such a way that essentially no abrasive material can flow between the processing side of the material carrier and the protective element. With the protective element it can be avoided that there is abrasive material next to the recesses.
- the abrasive unit comprises a carrier plate which is designed to act as a coupling element between the abrasive unit and a processing machine, wherein the material carrier is arranged on the carrier plate with a fastening side arranged opposite the processing side.
- a further preferred development of the abrasive unit is characterized in that the fastening side of the material carrier has a substantially abrasive material-impermeable intermediate element, in particular a plastic film, and/or a fastening element, in particular an adhesive film, wherein preferably the intermediate element and/or the fastening element between the material carrier and the carrier plate is arranged.
- the recesses can also extend through the intermediate element and/or the fastening element.
- the task mentioned at the outset is achieved by a processing machine for grinding, polishing and/or lapping workpieces, comprising an abrasive unit according to one of the embodiment variants described above.
- the method and its possible developments have features or process steps that make them particularly suitable for being used for an abrasive unit and a processing machine and the respective developments.
- design variants and design details of the other aspects and their possible developments reference is also made to the previous description of the corresponding features and developments of the method for producing an abrasive unit.
- Abrasive unit shown includes the material carrier 100.
- the material carrier 100 includes a plurality of recesses 104, 106, 108, 110, 112 and further recesses.
- Figure 1 are the recesses 104, 106, 108, 110, 112 with the abrasive material 118 and in Figure 2 shown without the abrasive material 118.
- the recesses 104 - 112 can have different cross-sectional geometries.
- the recess 104 has a round cross-section
- the recess 106 has an oval cross-section
- the recess 108 has a honeycomb-shaped, hexagonal cross-section
- the recess 110 has a triangular cross-section
- the recess 112 has a diamond-shaped cross-section.
- the material carrier 100 is designed as a shape-flexible body.
- the material carrier 100 is designed as a polishing cloth.
- the polishing cloth can, for example, consist of polyurethane or polyurethane include.
- the material carrier 100 also has a circular geometry.
- the ones in the Figures 1 and 2 The side of the material carrier 100 shown is the processing side 102. When the abrasive unit 1 is in normal operation, the processing side 102 faces the workpiece to be processed.
- the one opposite the processing side 102, in Figure 4 and 5 Fastening side 103 shown faces away from the workpiece to be machined during normal operation.
- the recesses 104 - 112 are provided at least as a blind hole with a one-sided opening entry, the opening being provided at least on the processing side 102. This means in particular that in the manufacturing process the abrasive material 118, which in Figure 1 is shown in black, can be introduced into the recesses 104 - 112 starting from the processing side 102.
- the modification of the abrasive unit 1' shown has an edge region 120, a first processing section 122 and a second processing section 124.
- the edge region 120 borders on an outer edge of the material carrier 100'. With a radially oriented edge region extension, the edge region extends in the direction of the center 113.
- the edge region 120 is designed to be essentially free of recesses.
- the first processing section 122 is located radially inwardly adjacent to the edge region 120.
- the first processing section 122 has a sixth recess 116 and a plurality of further recesses which are designed analogously to the sixth recess 116.
- the second processing section 124 adjoins the first processing section 122 radially on the inside.
- the second processing section 124 has the first type of recess 104 already described above.
- the recesses of the first processing section 122 and the second processing section 124 differ in particular in terms of size, since the recesses of the first processing section 122 are smaller are. These smaller recesses in the first processing section 122 take into account that less wear occurs in this radially outer section of the material carrier 100 'during the processing process.
- Figure 4 shows a sectional view of the in Figure 1 and 2 Abrasive unit 1 shown.
- the material carrier 100 extends in the direction of its material thickness from the processing side 102 towards the fastening side 103.
- the material carrier 100 On the processing side 102, the material carrier 100 has opening entries of a large number of recesses 104.
- the recesses 104 are designed as blind holes. This means in particular that these are not designed as through openings and do not extend to the fastening side 103.
- An intermediate element 130 is arranged on the fastening side 103.
- the intermediate element 130 is preferably arranged between the abrasive unit 1 and a processing machine 200 during operation of the abrasive unit 1.
- the intermediate element 130 can, for example, have an adhesive effect in order to attach the abrasive unit 1 to the processing machine 200.
- the recesses are designed as through holes, so that they extend from the processing side 102 towards the fastening side 103. So that the abrasive material arranged in the recesses 104 cannot run out on the fastening side, the intermediate element 130 is arranged here in the form of an intermediate element impermeable to abrasive material.
- the intermediate element 130 can also be designed as a fastening element, in particular as an adhesive film.
- the material carrier 100 is arranged on a carrier plate 140.
- the carrier plate 140 can also be generally referred to as a carrier element.
- the material carrier 100 can be coupled to a processing machine 200 by means of the carrier plate 140.
- a protective element 132 is arranged on the processing side 102.
- the protective element 132 has preferably been arranged on the material carrier 100 before the recesses 104 are introduced.
- the protective element 132 covers the Essentially the editing page 102 is complete. Because of this, essentially no abrasive material 118 can reach the processing side. After the abrasive material has been introduced into the recesses 104, the protective element 132 can be removed. As a result, the processing side 102 is essentially free of abrasive material.
- Figure 6 shows another possible geometry of a recess 150.
- the recess 150 is designed as a spiral-shaped groove or a spiral-shaped slot.
- FIG. 7 shows schematically a processing machine 200, which is coupled to the abrasive unit 1, 1 '.
- This coupling is preferably such that the processing machine 200 can set the abrasive unit 1, 1' into a rotational movement, so that a workpiece can be processed using the abrasive unit 1, 1'.
- Figure 8 shows a schematic method for producing an abrasive unit 1, 1 'for grinding, polishing and / or lapping.
- step 300 a plurality of recesses 104 to 112 are introduced into a material carrier 100, 100'.
- the recesses 104 to 112 have opening entries at least on one processing side 102 of the material carrier 100, 100'.
- step 302 an abrasive material is introduced into the plurality of recesses 104 to 112.
- step 304 the material carrier 100, 100 'is arranged on a carrier plate 140 with a fastening side 103 opposite the processing side 102.
- the carrier plate 140 acts as a coupling element between the abrasive unit 1, 1 'and a processing machine 200.
- a protective element 132 in particular a protective film, is arranged on the processing side 102.
- the recesses 104 to 112 are introduced into the material carrier 100 through the protective element, in particular before the abrasive material is introduced into the recesses 104 to 112.
- steps 300-306 described above is basically arbitrary. In a preferred embodiment variant of the method it is provided that step 306 is carried out before step 300.
- the abrasive unit 1, 1' described above and the method described above enable a more cost-effective production of an abrasive unit, with better quality also being achieved.
- no screen printing process is required to produce the abrasive unit 1,1'. This means that the use of a screen printing stencil is not necessary. This reduces the effort involved in producing the abrasive unit 1, 1'.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Abrasiveinheit zum Schleifen, Polieren und/oder Läppen, eine Abrasiveinheit zum Schleifen, Polieren und/oder Läppen sowie eine Bearbeitungsmaschine zum Schleifen, Polieren und/oder Läppen.The invention relates to a method for producing an abrasive unit for grinding, polishing and/or lapping, an abrasive unit for grinding, polishing and/or lapping and a processing machine for grinding, polishing and/or lapping.
Abrasiveinheiten sind grundsätzlich bekannt und können beispielsweise als Schleif-, Polier- oder Läppscheibe bereitgestellt werden. Schleifscheiben umfassen in der Regel ein hartes Schleifmaterial zum Abtragen von Material eines Werkstückes. Dieses harte Schleifmaterial ist üblicherweise mit einem Bindemittel gekoppelt, das das harte Schleifmaterial in einer Position hält. Entsprechend sind in der Regel auch Polier- und Läppscheiben ausgebildet.Abrasive units are basically known and can be provided, for example, as grinding, polishing or lapping disks. Grinding wheels typically include a hard abrasive material for removing material from a workpiece. This hard abrasive material is usually coupled with a binder that holds the hard abrasive material in one position. Polishing and lapping disks are usually designed accordingly.
Zur Herstellung von Schleif-, Polier- oder Läppscheiben wird üblicherweise ein Siebdruckverfahren eingesetzt. Insbesondere werden auch dreidimensionale Siebdruckverfahren zur Herstellung derartiger Schleif- und Polierscheiben eingesetzt. Hierfür wird beispielsweise auf eine Trägerplatte eine Siebdruckschablone aufgelegt und in Öffnungen der Siebdruckschablone eine Mischung aus dem Schleifmaterial und dem Bindematerial eingefügt. Anschließend wird die Siebdruckschablone wieder entfernt. Dieses Verfahren kann ebenfalls durchgeführt werden, indem die Siebdruckschablone auf ein Poliertuch, das auf einer Trägerplatte angeordnet ist, aufgesetzt wird.A screen printing process is usually used to produce grinding, polishing or lapping wheels. In particular, three-dimensional screen printing processes are also used to produce such grinding and polishing disks. For this purpose, for example, a screen printing stencil is placed on a carrier plate and a mixture of the abrasive material and the binding material is inserted into openings in the screen printing stencil. The screen printing stencil is then removed again. This process can also be carried out by placing the screen printing stencil on a polishing cloth which is arranged on a support plate.
Ein derartiges Verfahren, sowie die damit hergestellte Abrasiveinheit ist beispielsweise aus der
Die Herstellung einer solchen Schleif- oder Polierscheibe mittels Siebdruckverfahren ist technisch aufwendig. Es besteht das Risiko von Fehlern, die sich in einer mangelnden fertigungstechnischen Qualität der Schleif- oder Polierscheibe widerspiegelt. Darüber hinaus ist das Siebdruckverfahren zeitaufwendig und teuer.The production of such a grinding or polishing wheel using screen printing is technically complex. There is a risk of errors, which is reflected in a poor manufacturing quality of the grinding or polishing wheel. In addition, the screen printing process is time-consuming and expensive.
Es ist daher eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Abrasiveinheit zum Schleifen, Polieren und/oder Läppen, eine Abrasiveinheit zum Schleifen, Polieren und/oder Läppen sowie eine Bearbeitungsmaschine zum Schleifen, Polieren und/oder Läppen bereitzustellen, die einen oder mehrere der genannten Nachteile vermindern oder beseitigen. Es ist insbesondere eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Lösung bereitzustellen, die eine verbesserte Herstellung von Abrasiveinheiten ermöglicht. Darüber hinaus ist es eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, eine Lösung bereitzustellen, die eine kostengünstigere Herstellung von Abrasiveinheiten ermöglicht.It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a method for producing an abrasive unit for grinding, polishing and/or lapping, an abrasive unit for grinding, polishing and/or lapping and a processing machine for grinding, polishing and/or lapping, which has one or more reduce or eliminate the disadvantages mentioned. It is one in particular The object of the invention is to provide a solution that enables improved production of abrasive units. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide a solution that enables abrasive units to be produced more cost-effectively.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe gelöst durch ein Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 zur Herstellung einer Abrasiveinheit zum Schleifen, Polieren und/oder Läppen, umfassend die Schritte: Einbringen einer Vielzahl von Ausnehmungen in einen Materialträger, wobei die Ausnehmungen zumindest auf einer Bearbeitungsseite des Materialträgers Öffnungseintritte aufweisen, und Einbringen eines Abrasivmaterials in die Vielzahl von Ausnehmungen, wobei der Materialträger formflexibel ausgebildet ist und als ein Polyurethantuch oder als eine Kunststofffolie und/oder ein Hartpapier ausgebildet ist.According to the invention, the object is achieved by a method according to
Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass die siebdrucklose Herstellung von Abrasiveinheiten eine Vielzahl an Vorteilen bietet. Insbesondere können mit dem Verfahren gemäß dem ersten Aspekt qualitativ hochwertigere Abrasiveinheiten hergestellt werden. Diese Herstellung ist darüber hinaus mit einem geringeren Aufwand verbunden.The invention is based on the knowledge that the production of abrasive units without screen printing offers a variety of advantages. In particular, the method according to the first aspect can be used to produce higher quality abrasive units. This production also requires less effort.
In den Materialträger wird die Vielzahl von Ausnehmungen eingebracht. Vorzugsweise umfasst der Materialträger eine Bearbeitungsseite und die Ausnehmungen weisen Durchtrittsachsen auf, die im Wesentlichen parallel zu einer Orthogonalen der Bearbeitungsfläche ausgerichtet sind. Die Ausnehmungen sind insbesondere derart angeordnet und ausgebildet, dass ein Abrasivmaterial in diesen eingebracht werden kann. Das Innere der Ausnehmungen ist zumindest von der Bearbeitungsseite aus zugänglich, insbesondere durch die Öffnungseintritte.The large number of recesses are made in the material carrier. Preferably, the material carrier comprises a processing side and the recesses have passage axes that are aligned essentially parallel to an orthogonal of the processing surface. The recesses are in particular arranged and designed in such a way that an abrasive material can be introduced into them. The interior of the recesses is accessible at least from the processing side, in particular through the opening entries.
In die Vielzahl von Ausnehmungen wird das Abrasivmaterial eingebracht. Insbesondere wird das Abrasivmaterial in eine, zwei, mehrere oder alle der Ausnehmungen eingebracht. Dass Einbringen des Abrasivmaterials in die Vielzahl von Ausnehmungen kann beispielsweise derart erfolgen, dass das Abrasivmaterial auf die Bearbeitungsseite des Materialträgers aufgebracht und verstrichen wird. Das Verstreichen kann beispielsweise mit einem Spachtel erfolgen. Ein solches Auftragen wir auch als Abrakeln bezeichnet. Vorzugsweise wird im Anschluss das überschüssige Abrasivmaterial auf der Bearbeitungsseite wieder entfernt, sodass das Abrasivmaterial im Wesentlichen in den Ausnehmungen angeordnet ist.The abrasive material is introduced into the large number of recesses. In particular, the abrasive material is introduced into one, two, several or all of the recesses. The introduction of the abrasive material into the large number of recesses can, for example, be done in such a way that Abrasive material is applied to the processing side of the material carrier and spread. Spreading can be done, for example, with a spatula. Such an application is also known as squeegeeing. Preferably The excess abrasive material on the processing side is then removed again, so that the abrasive material is essentially arranged in the recesses.
Das Abrasivmaterial ist insbesondere ausgebildet, um ein Werkstück spanend, insbesondere spanend mit unbestimmter Schneide, zu bearbeiten. Das Abrasivmaterial umfasst vorzugsweise Abrasivelemente und ein Bindematerial. Das Bindematerial ist vorzugsweise angeordnet und ausgebildet, um die Abrasivelemente in einer Position zu halten. Die Abrasivelemente sind insbesondere angeordnet und ausgebildet, um eine spanende Wirkung an einem Werkstück zu bewirken.The abrasive material is designed in particular to machine a workpiece, in particular by machining with an indeterminate cutting edge. The abrasive material preferably comprises abrasive elements and a binding material. The binding material is preferably arranged and designed to hold the abrasive elements in one position. The abrasive elements are in particular arranged and designed to bring about a cutting effect on a workpiece.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante des Verfahrens ist vorgesehen, dass der Materialträger formflexibel ausgebildet ist und vorzugsweise als ein Poliertuch und/oder als ein Polyurethantuch ausgebildet ist. Ferner kann es bevorzugt sein, dass der Materialträger ein tuchartig ausgebildetes Textilprodukt ist oder dieses umfasst, das synthetische und/oder natürliche Fasern umfasst. Die Fasern sind vorzugsweise zu Geweben, Vliesstoffen und/oder Filzstoffen verarbeitet, wobei ferner vorzugsweise die Fasern als Laminate und/oder Verbundstoffe vorliegen.In a preferred embodiment variant of the method it is provided that the material carrier is designed to be flexible in shape and is preferably designed as a polishing cloth and/or as a polyurethane cloth. Furthermore, it may be preferred that the material carrier is or comprises a cloth-like textile product which comprises synthetic and/or natural fibers. The fibers are preferably processed into woven fabrics, nonwovens and/or felt materials, with the fibers also preferably being present as laminates and/or composites.
Ein formflexibel ausgebildeter Materialträger kann in seiner Form reversibel verändert werden, wobei die Struktur des Materialträgers im Wesentlichen unverändert bleibt. Der Materialträger ist insbesondere derart ausgebildet, dass dieser in einem Schleif-, Polier- und/oder Läppprozess abriebbehaftet ist. Unter abriebbehaftet versteht der Fachmann insbesondere, dass der Materialträger einen größeren Abrieb aufweist als das Abrasivmaterial. Der formflexibel ausgebildete Materialträger kann vorzugsweise als ein Poliertuch ausgebildet sein. Insbesondere ist es bevorzugt, dass der formflexibel ausgebildete Materialträger als ein Polyurethantuch ausgebildet ist.A material carrier designed to be flexible in shape can be reversibly changed in shape, with the structure of the material carrier remaining essentially unchanged. The material carrier is in particular designed in such a way that it is subject to abrasion in a grinding, polishing and/or lapping process. The person skilled in the art understands in particular that the material carrier has greater abrasion than the abrasive material. The material carrier, which is designed to be flexible in shape, can preferably be designed as a polishing cloth. In particular, it is preferred that the material carrier, which is designed to be flexible in shape, is designed as a polyurethane cloth.
Der Materialträger kann darüber hinaus als das tuchartig ausgebildete Textilprodukt ausgebildet sein. Das tuchartig ausgebildete Textilprodukt umfasst synthetische und/oder natürliche Fasern. Diese Fasern können als Gewebe, Vliesstoffe und/oder Filzstoffe verarbeitet sein. Darüber hinaus können die Fasern auch als Laminate und/oder als Verbundstoffe vorliegen.The material carrier can also be designed as a cloth-like textile product. The cloth-like textile product includes synthetic and/or natural fibers. These fibers can be used as fabric, Nonwovens and/or felt materials can be processed. In addition, the fibers can also be present as laminates and/or as composites.
Synthetische Fasern werden auch als Kunstfasern bezeichnet. Die natürlichen Fasern können beispielsweise Baumwollfasern sein oder diese umfassen.Synthetic fibers are also known as synthetic fibers. The natural fibers can be, for example, or include cotton fibers.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante des Verfahrens ist vorgesehen, dass der Materialträger als eine Kunststofffolie und/oder als ein Hartpapier ausgebildet ist oder diese bzw. dieses umfasst. Außerdem kann der Materialträger ein geschäumtes Material und/oder ein nicht-metallisches Material aufweisen oder aus diesem bzw. diesen bestehen, wobei vorzugsweise das geschäumte Material ein Polyurethanschaum ist.In a further preferred embodiment variant of the method it is provided that the material carrier is designed as a plastic film and/or as a hard paper or includes this. In addition, the material carrier can have or consist of a foamed material and/or a non-metallic material, the foamed material preferably being a polyurethane foam.
In einen als Kunststofffolie oder einen als Hartpapier ausgebildeten Materialträger können die Ausnehmungen in vorteilhafter Weise eingebracht werden. Darüber hinaus können in einen Materialträger, der aus Polyurethanschaum besteht oder diesen umfasst, ebenfalls die Ausnehmungen in vorteilhafter Weise eingebracht werden. Der Polyurethanschaum weist ferner Mikroporen auf, die einen gleichmäßigen Abrieb und somit Verschleiß des Materialträgers bei der Bearbeitung eines Werkstücks ermöglichen.The recesses can advantageously be introduced into a material carrier designed as a plastic film or a hard paper. In addition, the recesses can also be advantageously introduced into a material carrier that consists of or includes polyurethane foam. The polyurethane foam also has micropores that enable uniform abrasion and thus wear on the material carrier when machining a workpiece.
Darüber hinaus ist es bevorzugt, dass der Materialträger eine Materialträgerstärke von weniger als 5 mm, insbesondere weniger als 3 mm, vorzugsweise weniger als 1,5 mm, aufweist. Die Materialträgerstärke ist insbesondere als Dicke des Materialträgers zu verstehen. Die Materialträgerstärke erstreckt sich vorzugsweise in eine Richtung, die parallel zu einer Flächenorthogonalen der Bearbeitungsseite des Materialträgers ist.In addition, it is preferred that the material carrier has a material carrier thickness of less than 5 mm, in particular less than 3 mm, preferably less than 1.5 mm. The material carrier thickness is to be understood in particular as the thickness of the material carrier. The material carrier thickness preferably extends in a direction that is parallel to a surface orthogonal of the processing side of the material carrier.
Es kann außerdem bevorzugt sein, dass der Materialträger hydrophil ausgebildet ist. Ein hydrophil ausgebildeter Materialträger hat den Vorteil, dass dieser zumindest eine geringe Menge einer Flüssigkeit, insbesondere Wasser, aufnehmen kann. Da in Schleifprozessen und in Polierprozessen regelmäßig Flüssigkeiten verwendet werden, kann die Abrasiveinheit somit einen Teil der Flüssigkeit, insbesondere des Wassers, aufnehmen.It may also be preferred that the material carrier is hydrophilic. A hydrophilic material carrier has the advantage that it can absorb at least a small amount of a liquid, in particular water. Since liquids are regularly used in grinding and polishing processes, the abrasive unit can absorb part of the liquid, in particular the water.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante des Verfahrens ist vorgesehen, dass dieses den Schritt umfasst: Anordnen des Materialträgers mit einer der Bearbeitungsseite gegenüberliegend angeordneten Befestigungsseite an einer Trägerplatte, wobei die Trägerplatte ausgebildet ist, als Kopplungselement zwischen der Abrasiveinheit und einer Bearbeitungsmaschine zu wirken.In a further preferred embodiment variant of the method it is provided that this comprises the step: arranging the material carrier with a fastening side arranged opposite the processing side on a carrier plate, the carrier plate being designed to act as a coupling element between the abrasive unit and a processing machine.
Die Trägerplatte weist vorzugsweise eine im Wesentlichen gleiche Geometrie auf wie der Materialträger. Die Trägerplatte kann beispielsweise aus Metall oder aus Kunststoff bestehen bzw. Metall oder Kunststoff umfassen.The carrier plate preferably has a geometry that is essentially the same as the material carrier. The carrier plate can be made of metal or plastic, for example, or can include metal or plastic.
Vorzugsweise umfasst die Trägerplatte einen, zwei oder mehrere Auskragabschnitte. Die Auskragabschnitte können beispielsweise einen Radius aufweisen, der geringer ist als der Radius der Trägerplatte. Die Auskragabschnitte kragen vorzugsweise derart aus, dass diese zur Demontage der Abrasiveinheit von einer Bearbeitungsmaschine verwendet werden können.The carrier plate preferably comprises one, two or more cantilever sections. The cantilever sections can, for example, have a radius that is smaller than the radius of the carrier plate. The cantilever sections preferably protrude in such a way that they can be used to dismantle the abrasive unit from a processing machine.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante ist vorgesehen, dass an der Befestigungsseite des Materialträgers ein im Wesentlichen Abrasivmaterial-undurchlässiges Zwischenelement, insbesondere eine Kunststofffolie, und/oder ein Befestigungselement, insbesondere eine Klebstofffolie, angeordnet wird bzw. werden, wobei vorzugsweise das Zwischenelement und/oder das Befestigungselement zwischen dem Materialträger und der Trägerplatte angeordnet wird.In a further preferred embodiment variant, it is provided that a substantially abrasive material-impermeable intermediate element, in particular a plastic film, and/or a fastening element, in particular an adhesive film, is/are arranged on the fastening side of the material carrier, wherein preferably the intermediate element and/or the Fastening element is arranged between the material carrier and the carrier plate.
Vorzugsweise ist das Zwischenelement derart angeordnet und ausgebildet, dass dieses sich im Wesentlichen vollständig zwischen dem Materialträger und der Trägerplatte erstreckt. Durch das Abrasivmaterial-undurchlässige Zwischenelement wird vermieden, dass Abrasivmaterial von den Ausnehmungen heraus in den Zwischenraum zwischen dem Materialträger und der Trägerplatte gelangt.Preferably, the intermediate element is arranged and designed in such a way that it extends essentially completely between the material carrier and the carrier plate. The abrasive material-impermeable intermediate element prevents abrasive material from getting out of the recesses into the space between the material carrier and the carrier plate.
Bei der Verwendung einer Trägerplatte können sich die Ausnehmungen auch durch das Zwischenelement und/oder das Befestigungselement hindurch erstrecken.When using a carrier plate, the recesses can also extend through the intermediate element and/or the fastening element.
Darüber hinaus kann das Befestigungselement zwischen dem Materialträger und der Trägerplatte angeordnet sein. Das Befestigungselement kann beispielsweise als eine doppelseitige Klebstofffolie ausgebildet sein, die an dem Materialträger und an der Trägerplatte haften bleibt. Somit wird eine Verbindung zwischen dem Materialträger und der Trägerplatte ermöglicht. Das Abrasivmaterial-undurchlässige Zwischenelement und das Befestigungselement können auch als ein einziges Element ausgebildet sein.In addition, the fastening element can be arranged between the material carrier and the carrier plate. The fastening element can, for example, be designed as a double-sided adhesive film that adheres to the material carrier and to the carrier plate. This enables a connection between the material carrier and the carrier plate. The abrasive material-impermeable intermediate element and the fastening element can also be formed as a single element.
In einer bevorzugten Fortbildung des Verfahrens ist vorgesehen, dass die Ausnehmungen gestanzt und/oder genutet werden. Die durch ein Stanzverfahren und/oder durch ein Nutverfahren hergestellten Ausnehmungen können in vorteilhafter Weise hergestellt werden und anschließend mit dem Abrasivmaterial befüllt werdenIn a preferred development of the method it is provided that the recesses are punched and/or grooved. The recesses produced by a punching process and/or by a grooving process can advantageously be produced and then filled with the abrasive material
Darüber hinaus ist es bevorzugt, dass die Ausnehmungen als Sacklöcher und/oder als Durchgangslöcher ausgebildet sind. Ein Sackloch hat den Vorteil, dass das Abrasivmaterial in der Regel nicht auf einer der Bearbeitungsseite gegenüberliegenden Seite heraustreten kann. Die als Durchgangslöcher ausgebildeten Ausnehmungen haben den Vorteil einer einfacheren Herstellbarkeit.In addition, it is preferred that the recesses are designed as blind holes and/or through holes. A blind hole has the advantage that the abrasive material generally cannot emerge on a side opposite the processing side. The recesses designed as through holes have the advantage of being easier to manufacture.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Fortbildung des Verfahrens ist vorgesehen, dass vor dem Einbringen der Ausnehmungen und des Abrasivmaterials ein Schutzelement, insbesondere eine Schutzfolie, auf der Bearbeitungsseite angeordnet wird, und die Ausnehmungen durch das Schutzelement hindurch in den Materialträger eingebracht werden, wobei vorzugsweise das Schutzelement nach dem Einbringen des Abrasivmaterials entfernt wird.In a further preferred development of the method it is provided that before the recesses and the abrasive material are introduced, a protective element, in particular a protective film, is arranged on the processing side, and the recesses are introduced through the protective element into the material carrier, preferably the protective element is removed after introducing the abrasive material.
Durch das Schutzelement wird beim Einbringen des Abrasivmaterials ermöglicht, dass dieses in die Vielzahl von Ausnehmungen eingebracht wird und im Wesentlichen nicht auf die Bearbeitungsseite des Materialträgers. Hiermit wird vermieden, dass gegebenenfalls nach dem Einbringen des Abrasivmaterials in die Ausnehmungen noch ein weiterer Herstellungsschritt erforderlich ist, nämlich das Entfernen des überschüssigen Abrasivmaterials von der Bearbeitungsseite des Materialträgers. Das Schutzelement kann beispielsweise nach dem Einbringen des Abrasivmaterials von dem Materialträger entfernt werden. Somit wird eine Abrasiveinheit bereitgestellt, deren Bearbeitungsseite des Materialträgers im Wesentlichen Abrasivmaterial-frei ist, sodass lediglich Abrasivmaterial in den Ausnehmungen und gegebenenfalls leicht nach oben abstehend von den Ausnehmungen angeordnet ist.When introducing the abrasive material, the protective element makes it possible for it to be introduced into the plurality of recesses and essentially not onto the processing side of the material carrier. This avoids the need for a further manufacturing step after the abrasive material has been introduced into the recesses, namely the removal of the excess abrasive material from the processing side of the material carrier. The protective element can, for example, be removed from the material carrier after the abrasive material has been introduced. An abrasive unit is thus provided whose processing side of the material carrier is essentially free of abrasive material, so that only abrasive material is arranged in the recesses and, if necessary, protruding slightly upwards from the recesses.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante des Verfahrens ist vorgesehen, dass das Abrasivmaterial derart eingebracht wird, dass das Abrasivmaterial mit der Bearbeitungsseite im Wesentlichen abschließt und vorzugsweise das Abrasivmaterial mit der Bearbeitungsseite eine im Wesentlichen ebene Fläche ausbildet.In a further preferred embodiment variant of the method it is provided that the abrasive material is introduced in such a way that the abrasive material essentially ends with the processing side and preferably the abrasive material forms a substantially flat surface with the processing side.
Damit das Abrasivmaterial mit der Bearbeitungsseite im Wesentlichen abschließt, kann nach dem Einbringen des Abrasivmaterials in die Vielzahl von Ausnehmungen überschüssiges Abrasivmaterial entfernt werden. Beispielsweise kann dieses Entfernen auch während des Abrakelns bzw. des Zuspachtelns der Ausnehmungen erfolgen. Eine im Wesentlichen ebene Fläche beinhaltet auch, dass das Abrasivmaterial geringfügig aus den Ausnehmungen hinaussteht. Beispielsweise kann dies der Fall sein, wenn ein Schutzelement auf der Bearbeitungsseite angeordnet wird und dieses nach Einbringung des Abrasivmaterials wieder entfernt wird. In diesem Fall kann das Abrasivmaterial beispielsweise mit der Dicke des Schutzelements über die Bearbeitungsseite hinaus heraus stehen.So that the abrasive material is essentially flush with the processing side, excess abrasive material can be removed after the abrasive material has been introduced into the plurality of recesses. For example, this removal can also take place during the scraping or filling of the recesses. A substantially flat surface also means that the abrasive material protrudes slightly from the recesses. For example, this can be the case if a protective element is arranged on the processing side and is removed again after the abrasive material has been introduced. In this case, the abrasive material can, for example, protrude beyond the processing side with the thickness of the protective element.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die eingangs genannte Aufgabe gelöst durch eine Abrasiveinheit nach Anspruch 7 zum Schleifen, Polieren und/oder Läppen, umfassend einen Materialträger mit einer Vielzahl von Ausnehmungen, wobei die Ausnehmungen zumindest auf einer Bearbeitungsseite des Materialträgers Öffnungseintritte aufweisen, und wobei in den Ausnehmungen ein Abrasivmaterial angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Materialträger formflexibel ausgebildet ist und als ein Poliertuch und/oder als ein Polyurethantuch ausgebildet ist oder als eine Kunststofffolie und/oder ein Hartpapier ausgebildet ist.According to the invention, the aforementioned object is achieved by an abrasive unit according to claim 7 for grinding, polishing and/or lapping, comprising a material carrier with a plurality of recesses, the recesses having opening entrances at least on one processing side of the material carrier, and wherein an abrasive material is in the recesses is arranged, characterized in that the material carrier is designed to be flexible in shape and is designed as a polishing cloth and/or as a polyurethane cloth or is designed as a plastic film and/or hard paper.
Es ist bevorzugt, dass das Abrasivmaterial in den Ausnehmungen derart angeordnet ist, dass das Abrasivmaterial mit der Bearbeitungsseite eine im Wesentlichen ebene Fläche ausbildet. Eine im Wesentlichen ebene Fläche liegt auch dann vor, wenn das Abrasivmaterial mit einer Auskraghöhe jeweils von einer der Ausnehmungen auskragt, wobei die Auskraghöhe weniger als 20 %, weniger als 10 %, weniger als 5 % oder weniger als 2 % einer Ausnehmungstiefe beträgt. Die Ausnehmungstiefe ist entweder der Abstand zwischen der Bearbeitungsseite und einem Ausnehmungsgrund, der Abstand zwischen der Bearbeitungsseite und der Befestigungsseite oder die Materialstärke des Materialträgers.It is preferred that the abrasive material is arranged in the recesses in such a way that the abrasive material forms a substantially flat surface with the processing side. A substantially flat surface lies also occurs when the abrasive material protrudes from one of the recesses with a projection height, the projection height being less than 20%, less than 10%, less than 5% or less than 2% of a recess depth. The recess depth is either the distance between the processing side and a recess base, the distance between the processing side and the fastening side or the material thickness of the material carrier.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante der Abrasiveinheit ist vorgesehen, dass der Materialträger ein tuchartig ausgebildetes Textilprodukt ist, das synthetische und/oder natürliche Fasern umfasst, wobei vorzugsweise die Fasern zu Geweben, Vliesstoffen und/oder Filzstoffen verarbeitet sind, wobei ferner vorzugsweise die Fasern als Laminate und/oder Verbundstoffe vorliegen.In a preferred embodiment variant of the abrasive unit it is provided that the material carrier is a cloth-like textile product which comprises synthetic and/or natural fibers, the fibers preferably being processed into woven fabrics, nonwovens and/or felt materials, the fibers also preferably being used as laminates and / or composites are present.
Ferner kann der Materialträger ein nicht-metallisches Material aufweisen oder aus diesem bzw. diesen bestehen.Furthermore, the material carrier can have a non-metallic material or consist of this or these.
Darüber hinaus kann es bevorzugt sein, dass der Materialträger eine Materialträgerstärke von weniger als 5 mm, insbesondere weniger als 3 mm, vorzugsweise weniger als 1,5 mm, aufweist, und/oder hydrophil ausgebildet ist.In addition, it may be preferred that the material carrier has a material carrier thickness of less than 5 mm, in particular less than 3 mm, preferably less than 1.5 mm, and/or is designed to be hydrophilic.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante der Abrasiveinheit ist vorgesehen, dass das Abrasivmaterial Abrasivelemente und/oder ein Bindematerial umfasst oder aus diesem bzw. diesen besteht, wobei vorzugsweise die Abrasivelemente ausgewählt sind aus der Gruppe bestehend aus: Diamant, Tonerde, Siliziumcarbid, Borcarbid, und/oder Ceroxid, und/oder das Bindematerial ein ein- oder mehrkomponentiges Kunstharz, vorzugsweise Epoxidharz, und/oder ein UV-aushärtendes Kunstharz umfasst oder aus diesem besteht.In a further preferred embodiment variant of the abrasive unit it is provided that the abrasive material comprises or consists of abrasive elements and/or a binding material, the abrasive elements preferably being selected from the group consisting of: diamond, alumina, silicon carbide, boron carbide, and/or or cerium oxide, and/or the binding material is a one- or multi-component synthetic resin, preferably Epoxy resin, and / or a UV-curing synthetic resin includes or consists of this.
Die Abrasivelemente des Abrasivmaterials sind insbesondere angeordnet und ausgebildet, um einen Materialabtrag an einem Werkstück zu bewirken. Das Bindematerial hält die Abrasivelemente in einer Position.The abrasive elements of the abrasive material are in particular arranged and designed to remove material from a workpiece. The binding material holds the abrasive elements in one position.
Ferner ist es bevorzugt, dass eine, zwei, mehrere oder alle der Ausnehmungen einen runden, ovalen, dreieckigen, polygonalen, insbesondere sechseckigen, und/oder nutenförmigen Querschnitt aufweisen und/oder als ein spiralförmiger Schlitz ausgebildet sind. Ferner kann es bevorzugt sein, dass eine, zwei, mehrere oder alle der Ausnehmungen eine Ausnehmungserstreckung aufweisen, die zwischen 1 mm und 20 mm, vorzugsweise zwischen 5 mm bis 15 mm, insbesondere zwischen 8 mm bis 12 mm, beträgt. Die Ausnehmungserstreckung entspricht bei einer kreisrunden Ausnehmung insbesondere dem Durchmesser.Furthermore, it is preferred that one, two, several or all of the recesses have a round, oval, triangular, polygonal, in particular hexagonal, and/or groove-shaped cross section and/or are designed as a spiral slot. Furthermore, it may be preferred that one, two, several or all of the recesses have a recess extension that is between 1 mm and 20 mm, preferably between 5 mm to 15 mm, in particular between 8 mm to 12 mm. In the case of a circular recess, the recess extension corresponds in particular to the diameter.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante der Abrasiveinheit ist vorgesehen, dass der Materialträger einen Randbereich aufweist, wobei der Randbereich an eine Außenkante des Materialträgers angrenzt und sich mit einer Randbereichserstreckung von bis zu 20 mm, vorzugsweise bis zu 10 mm, in Richtung eines Mittelpunktes des Materialträgers erstreckt, wobei der Randbereich im Wesentlichen Ausnehmungs-frei ausgebildet ist.In a further preferred embodiment variant of the abrasive unit it is provided that the material carrier has an edge region, the edge region adjoining an outer edge of the material carrier and extending in the direction of a center point of the material carrier with an edge region extension of up to 20 mm, preferably up to 10 mm , wherein the edge region is essentially designed to be free of recesses.
Ferner ist es bevorzugt, dass an den Randbereich ein erster Bearbeitungsabschnitt angrenzt und an den ersten Bearbeitungsabschnitt ein den Mittelpunkt aufweisender zweiter Bearbeitungsabschnitt angrenzt, wobei die Ausnehmungserstreckung der Ausnehmungen im ersten Bearbeitungsabschnitt kleiner ist als die Ausnehmungserstreckung der Ausnehmungen im zweiten Bearbeitungsabschnitt, und/oder eine zweite Beabstandung zweier Ausnehmungen im zweiten Bearbeitungsabschnitt kleiner ist als eine erste Beabstandung zweier Ausnehmungen im ersten Bearbeitungsabschnitt. Außerdem kann der Materialträger eine den Mittelpunkt aufweisende Zentralaussparung umfassen.Furthermore, it is preferred that a first processing section adjoins the edge region and a second processing section having the center point adjoins the first processing section, wherein the recess extension of the recesses in the first processing section is smaller than the recess extension of the recesses in the second processing section, and / or a second Spacing between two recesses in the second processing section is smaller than a first spacing between two recesses in the first processing section. In addition, the material carrier can include a central recess having the center point.
Da der erste Bearbeitungsabschnitt aufgrund des größeren Radius' üblicherweise eine höhere Anzahl an Ausnehmungen je Umfangsstrecke aufweist als der zweite Bearbeitungsabschnitt, ist der Verschleiß im zweiten Bearbeitungsabschnitt häufig größer als im ersten Bearbeitungsabschnitt. Durch eine größere Ausnehmungserstreckung der Ausnehmungen im zweiten Bearbeitungsabschnitt und/oder durch eine geringere Beabstandung der Ausnehmungen im zweiten Bearbeitungsabschnitt kann diesem größeren Verschleiß entgegengewirkt werden. Somit kann eine im Wesentlichen gleichbleibende Abtragsleistung mit der Abrasiveinheit erreicht werden.Since the first processing section usually has a higher number of recesses per circumferential distance than the second processing section due to the larger radius, the wear in the second processing section is often greater than in the first processing section. Through This greater wear can be counteracted by a larger recess extension of the recesses in the second processing section and/or by a smaller spacing of the recesses in the second processing section. A substantially constant removal rate can therefore be achieved with the abrasive unit.
Da die Bearbeitungsgeschwindigkeit in einem äußeren Bereich der Abrasiveinheit üblicherweise höher ist, kann jedoch unter Umständen auch der Verschleiß im ersten Bearbeitungsabschnitt größer sein. Diesem größeren Verschleiß kann im ersten Bearbeitungsabschnitt mit größeren Ausnehmungen begegnet werden.However, since the processing speed is usually higher in an outer region of the abrasive unit, the wear in the first processing section may also be greater under certain circumstances. This greater wear can be countered with larger recesses in the first processing section.
Die Zentralaussparung ist insbesondere angeordnet und ausgebildet, um die Abrasiveinheit an einer Bearbeitungsmaschine anzuordnen. Insbesondere kann die Zentralaussparung zur Positionierung verwendet werden.The central recess is in particular arranged and designed to arrange the abrasive unit on a processing machine. In particular, the central recess can be used for positioning.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante der Abrasiveinheit ist vorgesehen, dass mindestens zwei Ausnehmungen derart angeordnet sind, dass diese weniger als 10 mm, vorzugsweise weniger als 8 mm, insbesondere weniger als 5 mm, voneinander beabstandet sind. Außerdem können mindestens zwei Ausnehmungen derart angeordnet sein, dass diese mehr als 1 mm, insbesondere mehr als 4 mm, voneinander beabstandet sind.In a further preferred embodiment variant of the abrasive unit it is provided that at least two recesses are arranged such that they are spaced apart from one another by less than 10 mm, preferably less than 8 mm, in particular less than 5 mm. In addition, at least two recesses can be arranged such that they are spaced apart from one another by more than 1 mm, in particular more than 4 mm.
Darüber hinaus kann es bevorzugt sein, dass auf der Bearbeitungsseite ein Schutzelement, insbesondere eine Schutzfolie, derart angeordnet ist, dass im Wesentlichen kein Abrasivmaterial zwischen die Bearbeitungsseite des Materialträgers und das Schutzelement fließen kann. Mit dem Schutzelement kann vermieden werden, dass sich neben den Ausnehmungen Abrasivmaterial befindet.In addition, it may be preferred that a protective element, in particular a protective film, is arranged on the processing side in such a way that essentially no abrasive material can flow between the processing side of the material carrier and the protective element. With the protective element it can be avoided that there is abrasive material next to the recesses.
Darüber hinaus ist es bevorzugt, dass die Abrasiveinheit eine Trägerplatte umfasst, die ausgebildet ist, als Kopplungselement zwischen der Abrasiveinheit und einer Bearbeitungsmaschine zu wirken, wobei der Materialträger mit einer der Bearbeitungsseite gegenüberliegend angeordneten Befestigungsseite an der Trägerplatte angeordnet ist.Furthermore, it is preferred that the abrasive unit comprises a carrier plate which is designed to act as a coupling element between the abrasive unit and a processing machine, wherein the material carrier is arranged on the carrier plate with a fastening side arranged opposite the processing side.
Eine weitere bevorzugte Fortbildung der Abrasiveinheit zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Befestigungsseite des Materialträgers ein im Wesentlichen Abrasivmaterial-undurchlässiges Zwischenelement, insbesondere eine Kunststofffolie, und/oder ein Befestigungselement, insbesondere eine Klebstofffolie, aufweist, wobei vorzugsweise das Zwischenelement und/oder das Befestigungselement zwischen dem Materialträger und der Trägerplatte angeordnet ist. Bei der Verwendung einer Trägerplatte können sich die Ausnehmungen auch durch das Zwischenelement und/oder das Befestigungselement hindurch erstrecken.A further preferred development of the abrasive unit is characterized in that the fastening side of the material carrier has a substantially abrasive material-impermeable intermediate element, in particular a plastic film, and/or a fastening element, in particular an adhesive film, wherein preferably the intermediate element and/or the fastening element between the material carrier and the carrier plate is arranged. When using a carrier plate, the recesses can also extend through the intermediate element and/or the fastening element.
Gemäß einem weiteren Aspekt wird die eingangs genannte Aufgabe gelöst durch eine Bearbeitungsmaschine zum Schleifen, Polieren und/oder Läppen von Werkstücken, umfassend eine Abrasiveinheit nach einer der im Vorherigen beschriebenen Ausführungsvarianten.According to a further aspect, the task mentioned at the outset is achieved by a processing machine for grinding, polishing and/or lapping workpieces, comprising an abrasive unit according to one of the embodiment variants described above.
Das Verfahren und seine möglichen Fortbildungen weisen Merkmale bzw. Verfahrensschritte auf, die sie insbesondere dafür geeignet machen, für eine Abrasiveinheit und eine Bearbeitungsmaschine und die jeweiligen Fortbildungen verwendet zu werden. Für weitere Vorteile, Ausführungsvarianten und Ausführungsdetails der weiteren Aspekte und ihrer möglichen Fortbildungen wird auch auf die zuvor erfolgte Beschreibung zu den entsprechenden Merkmalen und Fortbildungen des Verfahrens zur Herstellung einer Abrasiveinheit verwiesen.The method and its possible developments have features or process steps that make them particularly suitable for being used for an abrasive unit and a processing machine and the respective developments. For further advantages, design variants and design details of the other aspects and their possible developments, reference is also made to the previous description of the corresponding features and developments of the method for producing an abrasive unit.
Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele werden exemplarisch anhand der beiliegenden Figuren erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1:
- eine schematische, zweidimensionale Ansicht einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform einer Abrasiveinheit;
- Fig. 2:
- eine weitere schematische, zweidimensionale Ansicht der in
gezeigten Abrasiveinheit;Figur 1 - Fig. 3:
- eine weitere schematische, zweidimensionale Ansicht einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform einer Abrasiveinheit;
- Fig. 4:
- eine schematische, zweidimensionale Schnittansicht einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform einer Abrasiveinheit;
- Fig. 5:
- eine weitere schematische, zweidimensionale Schnittansicht einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform einer Abrasiveinheit;
- Fig. 6:
- eine schematische, zweidimensionale Detailansicht einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform einer Abrasiveinheit;
- Fig. 7:
- eine schematische Ansicht einer Bearbeitungsmaschine zum Schleifen, Polieren und/oder Läppen von Werkstücken mit einer Abrasiveinheit;
- Fig. 8:
- eine schematische Ansicht eines Verfahrens zur Herstellung einer Abrasiveinheit; und
- Fig. 9:
- eine schematische Ansicht einer beispielhaften Ausführungsform eines in
Figur 8 gezeigten Verfahrens.
- Fig. 1:
- a schematic, two-dimensional view of an exemplary embodiment of an abrasive unit;
- Fig. 2:
- another schematic, two-dimensional view of the in
Figure 1 Abrasive unit shown; - Fig. 3:
- another schematic, two-dimensional view of an exemplary embodiment of an abrasive unit;
- Fig. 4:
- a schematic, two-dimensional sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of an abrasive unit;
- Fig. 5:
- a further schematic, two-dimensional sectional view of an exemplary embodiment of an abrasive unit;
- Fig. 6:
- a schematic, two-dimensional detailed view of an exemplary embodiment of an abrasive unit;
- Fig. 7:
- a schematic view of a processing machine for grinding, polishing and/or lapping workpieces with an abrasive unit;
- Fig. 8:
- a schematic view of a method for producing an abrasive unit; and
- Fig. 9:
- a schematic view of an exemplary embodiment of a in
Figure 8 method shown.
In den Figuren sind gleiche oder im Wesentlichen funktionsgleiche bzw. -ähnliche Elemente mit den gleichen Bezugszeichen bezeichnet.In the figures, identical or essentially functionally identical or similar elements are designated with the same reference numerals.
Die in
Der Materialträger 100 ist als formflexibler Körper ausgebildet. Insbesondere ist es bevorzugt, dass der Materialträger 100 als ein Poliertuch ausgebildet ist. Das Poliertuch kann beispielsweise aus Polyurethan bestehen oder Polyurethan umfassen. Der Materialträger 100 weist darüber hinaus eine kreisrunde Geometrie auf. Die in den
Die der Bearbeitungsseite 102 gegenüberliegende, in
Die in
Der erste Bearbeitungsabschnitt 122 weist eine sechste Ausnehmung 116 und eine Vielzahl weiterer Ausnehmungen auf, die analog zur sechsten Ausnehmung 116 ausgebildet sind. Radial innenliegend angrenzend an den ersten Bearbeitungsabschnitt 122 grenzt der zweite Bearbeitungsabschnitt 124 an. Der zweite Bearbeitungsabschnitt 124 weist die bereits im Vorherigen beschriebene erste Ausnehmungsart 104 auf.The
Die Ausnehmungen des ersten Bearbeitungsabschnittes 122 und des zweiten Bearbeitungsabschnittes 124 unterscheiden sich insbesondere hinsichtlich der Größe, da die Ausnehmungen des ersten Bearbeitungsabschnittes 122 kleiner sind. Durch diese kleineren Ausnehmungen im ersten Bearbeitungsabschnitt 122, wird berücksichtigt, dass in diesem radial außenliegenden Abschnitt des Materialträgers 100' im Bearbeitungsprozess ein geringerer Verschleiß auftritt.The recesses of the
In der
Ferner ist auf der Bearbeitungsseite 102 ein Schutzelement 132 angeordnet. Das Schutzelement 132 ist vorzugsweise vor Einbringung der Ausnehmungen 104 an dem Materialträger 100 angeordnet worden. Das Schutzelement 132 bedeckt im Wesentlichen die Bearbeitungsseite 102 vollständig. Aufgrund dessen kann im Wesentlichen kein Abrasivmaterial 118 auf die Bearbeitungsseite gelangen. Nachdem das Abrasivmaterial in die Ausnehmungen 104 eingebracht wurde, kann das Schutzelement 132 entfernt werden. Infolgedessen ist die Bearbeitungsseite 102 im Wesentlichen Abrasivmaterial-frei.Furthermore, a
Im Schritt 302 wird ein Abrasivmaterial in die Vielzahl von Ausnehmungen 104 bis 112 eingebracht.In
Das in
Im Schritt 306 wird ein Schutzelement 132, insbesondere eine Schutzfolie, auf der Bearbeitungsseite 102 angeordnet. Die Ausnehmungen 104 bis 112 werden durch das Schutzelement hindurch in den Materialträger 100 eingebracht, insbesondere bevor das Abrasivmaterial in den Ausnehmungen 104 bis 112 eingebracht wird.In
Die Reihenfolge der im Vorherigen beschriebenen Schritte 300-306 ist grundsätzlich beliebig. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsvariante des Verfahrens ist vorgesehen, dass der Schritt 306 vor dem Schritt 300 durchgeführt wird.The order of steps 300-306 described above is basically arbitrary. In a preferred embodiment variant of the method it is provided that
Die im Vorherigen beschriebene Abrasiveinheit 1, 1' und das im Vorherigen beschriebene Verfahren ermöglichen eine kostengünstigere Herstellung einer Abrasiveinheit, wobei ferner eine bessere Qualität erreicht wird. Insbesondere wird kein Siebdruckverfahren zur Herstellung der Abrasiveinheit 1,1' benötigt. Somit ist der Einsatz einer Siebdruckschablone nicht erforderlich. Dies reduziert den Aufwand bei der Herstellung der Abrasiveinheit 1, 1'.The
- 1, 1'1, 1'
- AbrasiveinheitAbrasive unit
- 100, 100'100, 100'
- Materialträgermaterial carrier
- 102102
- BearbeitungsseiteEdit page
- 103103
- BefestigungsseiteFastening side
- 104104
- erste Ausnehmungfirst recess
- 106106
- zweite Ausnehmungsecond recess
- 108108
- dritte Ausnehmungthird recess
- 110110
- vierte Ausnehmungfourth recess
- 112112
- fünfte Ausnehmungfifth recess
- 113113
- MittelpunktFocus
- 114114
- ZentralaussparungCentral recess
- 116116
- sechste Ausnehmungsixth recess
- 118118
- AbrasivmaterialAbrasive material
- 120120
- RandbereichEdge area
- 122122
- erster Bearbeitungsabschnittfirst processing section
- 124124
- zweiter Bearbeitungsabschnittsecond processing section
- 130130
- ZwischenelementIntermediate element
- 132132
- SchutzelementProtective element
- 140140
- Trägerplattecarrier plate
- 150150
- Ausnehmungrecess
- 200200
- Bearbeitungsmaschineprocessing machine
Claims (15)
- Method of producing an abrasive unit (1, 1') for grinding, polishing and/or lapping, comprising the steps:introducing a plurality of recesses (104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 116, 150) into a material carrier (100), the recesses (104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 116, 150) having opening entries on at least a treatment side (102) of the material carrier (100); andintroducing an abrasive material (118) into the plurality of recesses (104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 116, 150),wherein the material carrier is configured to be flexible in shape and is configured as a polyurethane cloth or as a plastic film and/or a hard paper.
- Method according to claim 1, wherein the material carrier (100)is configured as a polishing cloth, and/oris a cloth-like configured textile product comprising synthetic and/or natural fibers, preferably the fibers being processed into woven fabrics, nonwoven fabrics and/or felt fabrics, further preferably the fibers being present as laminates and/or composites, and/orcomprises a plastic film and/or a rigid paper, and/orcomprising or consisting of a foamed material and/or a non-metallic material, wherein preferably the foamed material is a polyurethane foam.
- Method according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising the step:
arranging the material carrier (100) with an attachment side (103) arranged opposite the treatment side (102) on a carrier plate (140), wherein the carrier plate (140) is configured to act as a coupling element between the abrasive unit (1, 1') and a treatment machine. - Method according to claim 3, wherein a substantially abrasive material-impermeable intermediate element (130), in particular a plastic film, and/or a fastening element, in particular an adhesive film, is/are arranged on the fastening side (103) of the material carrier (100), preferably the intermediate element and/or the fastening element being arranged between the material carrier (100) and the carrier plate (140).
- Method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein before the recesses (104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 116, 150) and the abrasive material (118) are introduced, a protective element (132), in particular a protective film, is arranged on the treatment side (102) and the recesses (104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 116, 150) are introduced through the protective element (132) into the material carrier (100), wherein preferably the protective element (132) is removed after the abrasive material (118) has been introduced.
- Method according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the abrasive material (118) is introduced such that the abrasive material (118) is substantially flush with the treatment side (102) and preferably the abrasive material (118) forms a substantially flat surface with the treatment side (102).
- Abrasive unit (1, 1') for grinding, polishing and/or lapping, comprisinga material carrier (100) with a plurality of recesses (104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 116, 150), wherein the recesses (104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 116, 150) have opening entries at least on a treatment side (102) of the material carrier (100), andwherein an abrasive material (118) is arranged in the recesses (104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 116, 150),characterized in that the material carrier is configured to be flexible in shape and is configured as a polishing cloth and/or as a polyurethane cloth, or is configured as a plastic film and/or a hard paper.
- Abrasive unit (1, 1') according to the preceding claim, wherein the abrasive material (118) is arranged in the recesses (104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 116, 150) such that the abrasive material (118) forms a substantially flat surface with the treatment side (102).
- Abrasive unit (1, 1') according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the material carrier (100) isis a cloth-like configured textile product comprising synthetic and/or natural fibers, preferably the fibers being processed into woven fabrics, nonwoven fabrics and/or felt fabrics, further preferably the fibers being present as laminates and/or composites, and/orbeing configured as or comprising a plastic film and/or a rigid paper, and/orcomprises or consists of a non-metallic material, wherein preferably the foamed material is a polyurethane foam.
- Abrasive unit (1, 1') according to any one of the preceding claims,wherein the abrasive material (118) comprises or consists of abrasive elements and/or a binder material, preferably wherein∘ the abrasive elements are selected from the group consisting of: Diamond, alumina, silicon carbide, boron carbide, and/or cerium oxide, and/or∘ the binder material comprises or consists of a single or multi-component synthetic resin, preferably epoxy resin, and/or a UV-curing synthetic resin, and/orwherein one, two, more or all of the recesses (104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 116, 150)∘ have a round, oval, triangular, polygonal, in particular hexagonal, and/or groove-shaped cross-section and/or are configured as a spiral-shaped slot, and/or∘ have a recess extension which is between 1 mm and 20 mm, preferably between 5 mm and 15 mm, in particular between 8 mm and 12 mm.
- Abrasive unit (1, 1') according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the material carrier (100) has an edge region, wherein the edge region adjoins an outer edge of the material carrier (100) and extends with an edge region extension of up to 20 mm, preferably up to 10 mm, in the direction of a center point of the material carrier (100),wherein the edge region is configured substantially free of recesses, and/ora first machining section adjoins the edge region and a second machining section having the center point adjoins the first machining section, the recess extent of the recesses (104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 116, 150) in the first machining section being smaller than the recess extent of the recesses (104, 106, 108, 110, 112, 116, 150) in the second machining section, and/ora second spacing of two recesses in the second machining section is smaller than a first spacing of two recesses in the first machining section,comprising a central recess having the center.
- Abrasive unit (1, 1') according to any of the preceding claims, wherein a protective element (132), in particular a protective foil, is arranged on the treatment side (102) such that substantially no abrasive material (118) can flow between the treatment side (102) of the material support (100) and the protective element (132).
- Abrasive unit (1, 1') according to any of the preceding claims, comprising a carrier plate (140) configured to act as a coupling element between the abrasive unit (1, 1') and a processing machine, wherein the material carrier (100) is arranged on the carrier plate (140) with an attachment side (103) arranged opposite the treatment side (102).
- Abrasive unit (1, 1') according to claim 13, wherein the fastening side (103) of the material carrier (100) comprises a substantially abrasive material-impermeable intermediate element (130), in particular a plastic film, and/or a fastening element, in particular an adhesive film, preferably the intermediate element and/or the fastening element being arranged between the material carrier (100) and the carrier plate (140).
- Processing machine (200) for grinding, polishing and/or lapping workpieces, comprising an abrasive unit (1, 1') according to any one of the preceding claims.
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DE102022211514A1 (en) | 2022-10-31 | 2024-05-02 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Grinding element, abrasive and method for producing the grinding element and/or the abrasive |
DE102022211515A1 (en) | 2022-10-31 | 2024-05-02 | Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung | Grinding element, abrasive and method for producing the grinding element and/or the abrasive |
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DE20305995U1 (en) * | 2003-04-15 | 2003-07-10 | Ewald Schaumstoffe GmbH & Co. KG, 48683 Ahaus | Polishing wheel with upper side and underside, middle polishing area enclosed by edge part, round holes arranged in ring |
US10875145B2 (en) * | 2014-10-17 | 2020-12-29 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Polishing pads produced by an additive manufacturing process |
DE102015216538B3 (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2016-10-13 | DIABÜ-Diamantwerkzeuge Heinz Büttner GmbH | Method for producing a multidimensionally scalable tool |
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