EP3783292A1 - Method and device for producing carbon monoxide by partial condensation - Google Patents
Method and device for producing carbon monoxide by partial condensation Download PDFInfo
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- EP3783292A1 EP3783292A1 EP20188281.8A EP20188281A EP3783292A1 EP 3783292 A1 EP3783292 A1 EP 3783292A1 EP 20188281 A EP20188281 A EP 20188281A EP 3783292 A1 EP3783292 A1 EP 3783292A1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
- F25J3/0233—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of CnHm with 1 carbon atom or more
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/04—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by cooling to condense non-gaseous materials
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0204—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the feed stream
- F25J3/0223—H2/CO mixtures, i.e. synthesis gas; Water gas or shifted synthesis gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
- F25J3/0252—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of hydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/0228—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream
- F25J3/0261—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream characterised by the separated product stream separation of carbon monoxide
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/40—Features relating to the provision of boil-up in the bottom of a column
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/70—Refluxing the column with a condensed part of the feed stream, i.e. fractionator top is stripped or self-rectified
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/72—Refluxing the column with at least a part of the totally condensed overhead gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/74—Refluxing the column with at least a part of the partially condensed overhead gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2200/00—Processes or apparatus using separation by rectification
- F25J2200/90—Details relating to column internals, e.g. structured packing, gas or liquid distribution
- F25J2200/94—Details relating to the withdrawal point
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2205/00—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means
- F25J2205/02—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum
- F25J2205/04—Processes or apparatus using other separation and/or other processing means using simple phase separation in a vessel or drum in the feed line, i.e. upstream of the fractionation step
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2210/00—Processes characterised by the type or other details of the feed stream
- F25J2210/06—Splitting of the feed stream, e.g. for treating or cooling in different ways
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/02—Bath type boiler-condenser using thermo-siphon effect, e.g. with natural or forced circulation or pool boiling, i.e. core-in-kettle heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/20—Boiler-condenser with multiple exchanger cores in parallel or with multiple re-boiling or condensing streams
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/02—Internal refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/12—External refrigeration with liquid vaporising loop
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2270/00—Refrigeration techniques used
- F25J2270/42—Quasi-closed internal or closed external nitrogen refrigeration cycle
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method and to an apparatus for producing carbon monoxide by partial condensation.
- the carbon monoxide and hydrogen production units can be separated into two parts: Generation of synthesis gas (mixture containing mainly H 2 , CO, CH 4 , CO 2 , Ar and N 2 ).
- Generation of synthesis gas mixture containing mainly H 2 , CO, CH 4 , CO 2 , Ar and N 2 .
- the process for the partial oxidation of natural gas can also be of interest for the production of CO alone or with low H2 / CO production ratios.
- Another route is steam reforming.
- the cold box process is partial condensation.
- MEG tetrachloroethyl styrene
- TDI / MDI or PC applications for example, it is necessary to include a CH4 separation column in the cold box.
- the reboiling energies of the two rapid separation (in English “flash”) and CO / CH4 separation columns are provided by cooling the synthesis gas in the main exchanger and by the cycle.
- the synthesis gas is cooled as a whole to the cold end of the heat exchanger before entering the hydrogen separator pot.
- WO18039313 describes reboilers independent of the two columns with synthesis gas cooling but all of the synthesis gas (liquid and outlet gas from the reboilers) is cooled to the cold end of the exchange line according to Figures 3, 4 and 5.
- the two reboilers are in series, the entire output of the flash column reboiler is sent to the common separator pot with the cold end.
- the liquid from the reboiler of the CO / CH4 column is subcooled in the exchange line.
- the reboiling energies of the two columns are provided by cooling the synthesis gas and the cycle in the exchange line.
- the liquid from the first partial condensation pot of the synthesis gas from the first exchanger of the exchange line is sent to the exhaustion column but as reflux and not at an intermediate level (fluid 146).
- Part of the liquid from the second partial condensation pot of the synthesis gas is sent as reflux from the stripping column but after having been reheated in the exchange line.
- an apparatus for separation by cryogenic distillation of a mixture of hydrogen, methane and carbon monoxide comprising a column system comprising a first column and a second column, a first column. heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, means for sending the mixture to cool in the first heat exchanger, means for sending the cooled mixture to partially condense in at least the second heat exchanger which is a tank reboiler the second column of the column system, means for sending to an intermediate level of the first column at least part of the liquid produced by the partial condensation or a liquid derived from this liquid by at least one partial condensation step, only the mixture and bottom liquid from the column exchanging heat in the second heat exchanger, means for returning the bottom liquid vaporized at the column from which it comes, means for withdrawing an overhead gas enriched in hydrogen from the first column, means for sending the overhead gas to heat up in the first heat exchanger, means for withdrawing a liquid enriched in monoxide of carbon and methane from the bottom of the first column
- FIG. 1 describes a process for separating a gas mixture, such as a synthesis gas, according to the invention.
- a gas mixture such as a synthesis gas
- a gas mixture 1 containing at least carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane is cooled in the first section 3 of a two-section heat exchanger 3.9.
- Part 5 is partially condensed by cooling it in a bottom reboiler 13 of a column K1, which is a stripping column (in English "stripping").
- Part 7 is partially condensed by cooling it in a bottom reboiler of a column K2 which is a CO / CH 4 distillation column.
- the partially condensed streams are mixed in a phase separator 15.
- the gas produced is cooled in section 9 of the exchanger where it partially condenses and is sent to a phase separator S2.
- the gas 63 from the phase separator S2 is reheated in sections 9.3.
- the liquid from the phase separator S2 is sent to the top of column K1.
- the liquid 17 from the phase separator 15 is expanded and then mixed with another flow to form a two-phase flow 19.
- the flow 19 is separated in a phase separator to form a gas 21 and a liquid 23, both being sent to a level. intermediate column K1.
- a portion 45 of the liquid from the phase separator 15 is cooled in section 9 of the heat exchanger where it partially condenses before being sent to a phase separator S1.
- the bottom liquid of the phase separator S2 is divided into two. Part 61 is sent as liquid to the top of column K1. The remainder 43 is relaxed and feeds the phase separator S1. The liquid 41 formed in the separator S1 vaporizes in section 9 to form a gas mixed with the gas from the separator S1 and the flow formed 45 is mixed with the flow 17 of the separator 15.
- the overhead gas 21 from column K1 is heated in the two sections 9.3 to form a gas 63 rich in hydrogen.
- Bottom liquid from column K1 is split in two to form two expanded liquid flows 2731.
- the expanded flow 31 is sent to an intermediate level of the second column K2 and the expanded flow 27 partially warms up in the section. 9 to be sent to an intermediate level of the second column K2 lower than that of the arrival of the flow 31.
- a bottom liquid 21 is sent to the reboiler 11, vaporizes and is returned to column K2, which operates at a pressure greater than 6 bar abs.
- Another bottom liquid 23 from column K2 is heated in section 3 to form a product rich in methane.
- An overhead gas 37 from column K2 is reheated in sections 9.3 to form a product rich in carbon monoxide.
- the top condenser C of the CO / CH 4 K2 column is supplied with liquid by a nitrogen cycle, comprising two compressors V1, V2 and with two vaporization levels at different pressures in section 9. This cycle is completely independent of the rest of the process and can be replaced by a different refrigeration cycle.
- FIG 2 describes a process for separating a gas mixture according to the invention, similar to that of figure 1 .
- the two reboilers 11.13 are in series.
- the mixture 1 cooled in section 3 only arrives as flow 5 in the first reboiler 11, vaporizes the vessel liquid 21 and is partially condensed therefrom.
- the partially condensed mixture is sent to the separator pot 15 which is located at the outlet of the first reboiler 11.
- the liquid 17 from the pot 15 is sent to a pot 65, the liquid 67 of which is sent to an intermediate part of the column K1.
- the gas 77 of the pot 15 is partially condensed in the second reboiler 13.
- a second pot 65 is located at the outlet of the second reboiler 13.
- the vapor fraction of the second pot 65 is cooled in the exchange line 9 while the liquid fractions 17.67 of the two jars 15.65 reboiler outlet respectively are sent to the intermediate part of the column of K1.
- the solution is to be selected from those of the two figures as a function of the pressure of the incoming synthesis gas 1 and of the CO content in the incoming synthesis gas 1.
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Abstract
Dans un procédé de séparation par distillation cryogénique d'un mélange d'hydrogène, de méthane et de monoxyde de carbone (1), on refroidit le mélange dans un premier échangeur de chaleur (3,9) et on le condense partiellement dans au moins un deuxième échangeur de chaleur (11,13) qui est un rebouilleur de cuve d'une première ou deuxième colonne (K1,K2) du système de colonnes et on envoie à un niveau intermédiaire de la première colonne au moins une partie (17,23) du liquide produit par la condensation partielle. In a process for the cryogenic distillation of a mixture of hydrogen, methane and carbon monoxide (1), the mixture is cooled in a first heat exchanger (3,9) and partially condensed in at least a second heat exchanger (11,13) which is a bottom reboiler of a first or second column (K1, K2) of the column system and at least one part (17, K1, K2) is sent to an intermediate level of the first column, 23) liquid produced by partial condensation.
Description
La présente invention est relative à un procédé et à un appareil de production de monoxyde de carbone par condensation partielle.The present invention relates to a method and to an apparatus for producing carbon monoxide by partial condensation.
Les unités de production de monoxyde de carbone et d'hydrogène peuvent être séparées en deux parties :
Génération du gaz de synthèse (mélange contenant H2, CO, CH4, CO2, Ar et N2 essentiellement). Parmi les diverses voies industrielles de production de gaz de synthèse, celle à base de gazéification de charbon semble se développer de plus en plus notamment dans les pays riches en dépôts de charbon comme la Chine. Le procédé d'oxydation partielle du gaz naturel peut s'avérer également intéressant pour la production de CO seul ou avec des rapports de production H2/CO faibles. Une autre voie est le reformage à la vapeur.The carbon monoxide and hydrogen production units can be separated into two parts:
Generation of synthesis gas (mixture containing mainly H 2 , CO, CH 4 , CO 2 , Ar and N 2 ). Among the various industrial routes for producing syngas, that based on coal gasification seems to be developing more and more, especially in countries rich in coal deposits such as China. The process for the partial oxidation of natural gas can also be of interest for the production of CO alone or with low H2 / CO production ratios. Another route is steam reforming.
Purification du gaz de synthèse. On retrouve :
- une unité de lavage avec un solvant liquide pour éliminer la plus grande partie des gaz acides contenus dans le gaz de synthèse.
- une unité d'épuration sur lit d'adsorbants.
- une unité de séparation par voie cryogénique dite boite froide pour la production de CO.
- a washing unit with a liquid solvent to remove most of the acid gases contained in the synthesis gas.
- a purification unit on an adsorbent bed.
- a cryogenic separation unit called a cold box for the production of CO.
Dans le cas où le gaz de synthèse est produit à partir d'une gazéification de charbon à lit entrainé ou lit fluidisé, le procédé de la boite froide est la condensation partielle. Pour les applications MEG, TDI/MDI ou PC par exemple, il est nécessaire d'inclure une colonne de séparation du CH4 dans la boite froide.In the case where the synthesis gas is produced from entrained bed or fluidized bed carbon gasification, the cold box process is partial condensation. For MEG, TDI / MDI or PC applications for example, it is necessary to include a CH4 separation column in the cold box.
Dans le schéma de
Les inconvénients sont que :
- Le rebouillage des deux colonnes dans la ligne d'échange ne permet pas une bonne régulation des énergies de rebouillage.
- La consommation d'énergie du cycle de réfrigération est forte car le gaz de synthèse est refroidi dans sa totalité jusqu'au bout froid. Il n'y a pas de pot de condensation intermédiaire du gaz de synthèse pour en extraire le liquide condensé et éviter de le sous refroidir.
- The reboiling of the two columns in the exchange line does not allow good regulation of the reboiling energies.
- The energy consumption of the refrigeration cycle is high because the synthesis gas is cooled in its entirety to the cold end. There is no intermediate synthesis gas condensate pot to extract the condensed liquid and avoid undercooling it.
Les inconvénients sont que :
- Si les deux rebouilleurs sont en série, ceci crée des instabilités de l'énergie de rebouillage de la colonne d'épuisement lorsque la température de la sortie du premier rebouilleur varie en fonction des perturbations de composition du gaz de synthèse entrant.
- La sortie du deuxième rebouilleur est envoyée directement dans le pot de gaz de synthèse haute pression. Pour que la sortie du deuxième rebouilleur soit à une température proche du pot de gaz de synthèse haute pression, il faut baisser la pression de la colonne d'épuisement, ce qui a pour effet d'augmenter la quantité de CO dans le gaz de tête. Le rendement CO est réduit ainsi si le gaz de flash n'est pas recyclé, ou bien l'énergie de compression du recyclage du gaz de tête est augmentée.
- La colonne CO/CH4 est opérée à basse pression suite à la baisse de pression de la colonne d'épuisement, ce qui augmente l'énergie de compression du CO sortie de cette colonne.
- L'énergie du cycle frigorifique est forte car tout le gaz de synthèse est refroidi jusqu'au bout froid, le liquide à la sortie du pot de condensation partielle du gaz de synthèse à la sortie des rebouilleurs est sous-refroidi et donc consomme du cycle frigorifique.
- If the two reboilers are in series, this creates instabilities in the reboiling energy of the stripping column when the temperature of the outlet of the first reboiler varies as a function of the disturbances in the composition of the incoming synthesis gas.
- The output of the second reboiler is sent directly to the high pressure syngas pot. So that the outlet of the second reboiler is at a temperature close to the pot of high pressure syngas, the pressure of the exhaustion column must be lowered, which has the effect of increasing the quantity of CO in the overhead gas. . The CO efficiency is thus reduced if the flash gas is not recycled, or the compression energy of the recycling of the overhead gas is increased.
- The CO / CH 4 column is operated at low pressure following the drop in pressure in the stripping column, which increases the compression energy of the CO leaving this column.
- The energy of the refrigeration cycle is high because all the synthesis gas is cooled to the cold end, the liquid at the outlet of the partial condensation pot of the synthesis gas at the outlet of the reboilers is sub-cooled and therefore consumes the cycle refrigerated.
Dans
Une partie du liquide du deuxième pot de condensation partielle du gaz de synthèse est envoyée comme reflux de la colonne d'épuisement mais après avoir été réchauffé dans la ligne d'échange.Part of the liquid from the second partial condensation pot of the synthesis gas is sent as reflux from the stripping column but after having been reheated in the exchange line.
Les inconvénients sont :
- Le rebouillage des deux colonnes dans la ligne d'échange ne permet pas un bon contrôle des énergies de rebouillages.
- Forte teneur en CO dans le gaz de flash sortie tête de colonne d'épuisement qui conduit à augmenter l'énergie de recycle du gaz de séparation rapide (en anglais « flash ») ou bien perte de rendement en CO si le gaz de séparation rapide (en anglais « flash ») n'est pas recyclé.
- The reboiling of the two columns in the exchange line does not allow good control of the reboiling energies.
- High CO content in the flash gas at the head of the exhaustion column which leads to an increase in the recycling energy of the rapid separation gas (in English “flash”) or else loss of CO yield if the rapid separation gas (in English "flash") is not recycled.
Selon un objet de l'invention, il est prévu un procédé de séparation par distillation cryogénique dans un système de colonnes d'un mélange d'hydrogène, de méthane et de monoxyde de carbone comprenant une première et une deuxième colonnes dans lequel :
- i.On refroidit le mélange dans un premier échangeur de chaleur et on en condense au moins une partie partiellement dans au moins un deuxième échangeur de chaleur qui est un rebouilleur de cuve de la deuxième colonne du système de colonnes et on envoie à un niveau intermédiaire de la première colonne au moins une partie du liquide produit par la condensation partielle ou un liquide dérivé de ce liquide par au moins une étape de condensation partielle, seulement l'au moins une partie du mélange et du liquide de cuve de la deuxième colonne échangeant de la chaleur dans le deuxième échangeur de chaleur, le liquide de cuve vaporisé étant renvoyé à la deuxième colonne dont il provient,
- ii.On soutire un gaz de tête enrichi en hydrogène de la première colonne et on le réchauffe dans le premier échangeur de chaleur,
- iii.On soutire un liquide enrichi en monoxyde de carbone et en méthane de la cuve de la première colonne et on l'envoie à au moins un niveau intermédiaire de la deuxième colonne,
- iv.On soutire un liquide riche en méthane de la cuve de la deuxième colonne et un fluide riche en monoxyde de carbone de la tête de la deuxième colonne, et
- v.On produit de la réfrigération pour tenir en froid le procédé au moyen d'un cycle de réfrigération.
- (i) The mixture is cooled in a first heat exchanger and at least part of it is condensed partially in at least a second heat exchanger which is a bottom reboiler of the second column of the column system and is sent to an intermediate level of the first column at least part of the liquid produced by the partial condensation or a liquid derived from this liquid by at least one partial condensation step, only at least part of the mixture and of the bottom liquid of the second column exchanging heat in the second heat exchanger, the vaporized bottom liquid being returned to the second column from which it comes,
- ii. An overhead gas enriched in hydrogen is withdrawn from the first column and heated in the first heat exchanger,
- iii. A liquid enriched in carbon monoxide and methane is withdrawn from the bottom of the first column and sent to at least one intermediate level of the second column,
- iv. A liquid rich in methane is withdrawn from the bottom of the second column and a fluid rich in carbon monoxide from the top of the second column, and
- v. Refrigeration is produced to keep the process cold by means of a refrigeration cycle.
Selon d'autres aspects facultatifs :
- on envoie une partie du mélange refroidi à un rebouilleur de la première colonne.
- on envoie au moins une partie du mélange refroidi se refroidir au deuxième échangeur qui est un rebouilleur de la deuxième colonne et ensuite on envoie l'au moins une partie du mélange refroidi à un troisième échangeur qui est un rebouilleur de la première colonne.
- on envoie au moins une partie du mélange refroidi se condenser partiellement dans le rebouilleur de la deuxième colonne pour produire un gaz et un liquide, ensuite on envoie le gaz à un troisième échangeur qui est un rebouilleur de la première colonne et on envoie au moins une partie du liquide produit par condensation au moins partielle du gaz dans le troisième échangeur au point intermédiaire de la première colonne.
- on envoie une partie condensée, produite suite à au moins une étape de condensation partielle du mélange, en tête de la première colonne du système de colonnes.
- la première colonne a un rebouilleur de cuve et n'a pas de condenseur de tête.
- la première colonne opère à entre 13 et 16 bars abs.
- la deuxième colonne opère à une pression au-dessus de 6 bars abs.
- la deuxième colonne a un rebouilleur de cuve et un condenseur de tête.
- le gaz de tête de la première colonne contient moins de 35 % mol, voire moins de 25% mol, de monoxyde de carbone.
- le gaz de tête de la première colonne contient plus de 60 % mol, voire plus de 75% mol, d'hydrogène.
- le mélange se refroidit dans le premier échangeur de chaleur jusqu'à une température intermédiaire de celui-ci et ensuite sort du premier échangeur de chaleur avant d'être envoyé au rebouilleur.
- le fluide riche en monoxyde de carbone de la tête de la deuxième colonne et/ou le gaz de tête enrichi en hydrogène de la première colonne se refroidit dans le premier échangeur de chaleur depuis le bout froid du premier échangeur de chaleur.
- on refroidit dans la partie la plus froide du premier échangeur de chaleur un gaz dérivé par condensation partielle du mélange refroidi dans le premier échangeur de chaleur.
- part of the cooled mixture is sent to a reboiler of the first column.
- at least part of the cooled mixture is sent to cool to the second exchanger which is a reboiler of the second column and then at least part of the cooled mixture is sent to a third exchanger which is a reboiler of the first column.
- at least part of the cooled mixture is sent to partially condense in the reboiler of the second column to produce a gas and a liquid, then the gas is sent to a third exchanger which is a reboiler of the first column and at least one is sent part of the liquid produced by at least partial condensation of the gas in the third exchanger at the intermediate point of the first column.
- a condensed part, produced following at least one step of partial condensation of the mixture, is sent to the head of the first column of the column system.
- the first column has a bottom reboiler and does not have an overhead condenser.
- the first column operates at between 13 and 16 bar abs.
- the second column operates at a pressure above 6 bar abs.
- the second column has a bottom reboiler and an overhead condenser.
- the overhead gas from the first column contains less than 35 mol%, or even less than 25 mol%, of carbon monoxide.
- the overhead gas from the first column contains more than 60 mol%, or even more than 75 mol%, of hydrogen.
- the mixture cools in the first heat exchanger to an intermediate temperature thereof and then leaves the first heat exchanger before being sent to the reboiler.
- the fluid rich in carbon monoxide from the top of the second column and / or the overhead gas enriched in hydrogen from the first column cools in the first heat exchanger from the cold end of the first heat exchanger.
- in the coldest part of the first heat exchanger, a gas derived by partial condensation of the mixture cooled in the first heat exchanger is cooled.
Selon un autre objet de l'invention, il est prévu un appareil de séparation par distillation cryogénique d'un mélange d'hydrogène, de méthane et de monoxyde de carbone comprenant un système de colonnes comprenant une première colonne et une deuxième colonne, un premier échangeur de chaleur, un deuxième échangeur de chaleur, des moyens pour envoyer le mélange se refroidir dans le premier échangeur de chaleur, des moyens pour envoyer le mélange refroidi se condenser partiellement dans au moins le deuxième échangeur de chaleur qui est un rebouilleur de cuve de la deuxième colonne du système de colonnes, des moyens pour envoyer à un niveau intermédiaire de la première colonne au moins une partie du liquide produit par la condensation partielle ou un liquide dérivé de ce liquide par au moins une étape de condensation partielle, seulement le mélange et du liquide de cuve de la colonne échangeant de la chaleur dans le deuxième échangeur de chaleur, des moyens pour renvoyer le liquide de cuve vaporisé à la colonne dont il provient, des moyens pour soutirer un gaz de tête enrichi en hydrogène de la première colonne, des moyens pour envoyer le gaz de tête se réchauffer dans le premier échangeur de chaleur, des moyens pour soutirer un liquide enrichi en monoxyde de carbone et en méthane de la cuve de la première colonne, des moyens pour envoyer le liquide enrichi en monoxyde de carbone et en méthane à au moins un niveau intermédiaire de la deuxième colonne, des moyens pour soutirer un liquide riche en méthane de la cuve de la deuxième colonne, des moyens pour soutirer un fluide riche en monoxyde de carbone de la tête de la deuxième colonne et un cycle de réfrigération pour produire de la réfrigération pour tenir en froid le procédé.According to another object of the invention, there is provided an apparatus for separation by cryogenic distillation of a mixture of hydrogen, methane and carbon monoxide comprising a column system comprising a first column and a second column, a first column. heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, means for sending the mixture to cool in the first heat exchanger, means for sending the cooled mixture to partially condense in at least the second heat exchanger which is a tank reboiler the second column of the column system, means for sending to an intermediate level of the first column at least part of the liquid produced by the partial condensation or a liquid derived from this liquid by at least one partial condensation step, only the mixture and bottom liquid from the column exchanging heat in the second heat exchanger, means for returning the bottom liquid vaporized at the column from which it comes, means for withdrawing an overhead gas enriched in hydrogen from the first column, means for sending the overhead gas to heat up in the first heat exchanger, means for withdrawing a liquid enriched in monoxide of carbon and methane from the bottom of the first column, means for sending the liquid enriched in carbon monoxide and methane to at least one intermediate level of the second column, means for withdrawing a liquid rich in methane from the bottom from the second column, means for withdrawing a fluid rich in carbon monoxide from the top of the second column and a refrigeration cycle for producing refrigeration to keep the process cold.
L'invention sera décrite de manière très détaillée en se référant aux
[
Un mélange gazeux 1 contenant au moins du monoxyde de carbone, de l'hydrogène et du méthane est refroidi dans la première section 3 d'un échangeur de chaleur en deux sections 3,9.A
Le mélange refroidi est divisé en deux parties 5,7. La partie 5 est partiellement condensée en la refroidissant dans un rebouilleur de cuve 13 d'une colonne K1, qui est une colonne d'épuisement (en anglais « stripping »). La partie 7 est partiellement condensée en la refroidissant dans un rebouilleur de cuve d'une colonne K2 qui est une colonne de distillation CO/CH4. Les débits partiellement condensés sont mélangés dans un séparateur de phases 15.The cooled mixture is divided into two parts 5.7.
Le gaz produit est refroidi dans la section 9 de l'échangeur où il se condense partiellement et est envoyé à un séparateur de phases S2. Le gaz 63 du séparateur de phases S2 est réchauffé dans les sections 9,3. Le liquide du séparateur de phases S2 est envoyé en tête de colonne K1.The gas produced is cooled in section 9 of the exchanger where it partially condenses and is sent to a phase separator S2. The
Le liquide 17 du séparateur de phases 15 est détendu puis mélangé avec un autre débit pour former un débit diphasique 19. Le débit 19 est séparé dans un séparateur de phases pour former un gaz 21 et un liquide 23, les deux étant envoyés à un niveau intermédiaire de la colonne K1.The liquid 17 from the
Une partie 45 du liquide du séparateur de phases 15 est refroidi dans la section 9 de l'échangeur de chaleur où il se condense partiellement avant d'être envoyé vers un séparateur de phases S1.A
Le liquide de cuve du séparateur de phases S2 est divisé en deux. Une partie 61 est envoyée comme liquide en tête de la colonne K1. Le reste 43 est détendu et alimente le séparateur de phases S1. Le liquide 41 formé dans le séparateur S1 se vaporise dans la section 9 pour former un gaz mélange avec le gaz du séparateur S1 et le débit formé 45 est mélangé avec le débit 17 du séparateur 15.The bottom liquid of the phase separator S2 is divided into two.
Le gaz de tête 21 de la colonne K1 se réchauffe dans les deux sections 9,3 pour former un gaz 63 riche en hydrogène.The
Du liquide de cuve de la colonne K1 est vaporisé dans le rebouilleur 13 et renvoyé à la colonne K1.Bottom liquid from column K1 is vaporized in reboiler 13 and returned to column K1.
La colonne K1 opère à une pression entre 13 et 16 bar abs et le gaz de tête 21 a la composition suivante :
- CO : 20-35% mol
- H2: 65-80 %
- CH4: 0.1%
- N2: 0.5%
- Ar: 0.1%
- CO: 20-35 mol%
- H 2 : 65-80%
- CH 4 : 0.1%
- N 2 : 0.5%
- Ar: 0.1%
Du liquide de cuve de la colonne K1 est divisé en deux pour former deux débits liquides détendus 2731. Le débit détendu 31 est envoyé à un niveau intermédiaire de la deuxième colonne K2 et le débit détendu 27 se réchauffe partiellement dans la section 9 pour être envoyé à un niveau intermédiaire de la deuxième colonne K2 inférieur à celui de l'arrivée du débit 31.Bottom liquid from column K1 is split in two to form two expanded liquid flows 2731. The expanded
Un liquide de cuve 21 est envoyé au rebouilleur 11, se vaporise et est renvoyé à la colonne K2, qui opère à une pression supérieure à 6 bars abs.A
Un autre liquide de cuve 23 de la colonne K2 est réchauffé dans la section 3 pour former un produit riche en méthane.Another bottom liquid 23 from column K2 is heated in
Un gaz de tête 37 de la colonne K2 est réchauffé dans les sections 9,3 pour former un produit riche en monoxyde de carbone.An
Le condenseur de tête C de la colonne CO/CH4 K2 est alimenté en liquide par un cycle d'azote, comprenant deux compresseurs V1, V2 et avec deux niveaux de vaporisation à des pressions différentes dans la section 9. Ce cycle est complètement indépendant du reste du procédé et peut être remplacé par un cycle de réfrigération différent.The top condenser C of the CO / CH 4 K2 column is supplied with liquid by a nitrogen cycle, comprising two compressors V1, V2 and with two vaporization levels at different pressures in section 9. This cycle is completely independent of the rest of the process and can be replaced by a different refrigeration cycle.
[
La solution est à sélectionner à partir de celles des deux figures en fonction de la pression du gaz de synthèse 1 entrant et de la teneur en CO dans le gaz de synthèse 1 entrant.The solution is to be selected from those of the two figures as a function of the pressure of the
Claims (13)
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FR1909300A FR3100057A1 (en) | 2019-08-20 | 2019-08-20 | PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CARBON MONOXIDE BY PARTIAL CONDENSATION |
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EP3783292A1 true EP3783292A1 (en) | 2021-02-24 |
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EP20188281.8A Withdrawn EP3783292A1 (en) | 2019-08-20 | 2020-07-29 | Method and device for producing carbon monoxide by partial condensation |
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US (1) | US20210055048A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3783292A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN112410081A (en) |
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RU (1) | RU2020127582A (en) |
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FR3084453B1 (en) * | 2018-07-25 | 2020-11-27 | Air Liquide | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR THE CRYOGENIC SEPARATION OF A MIXTURE OF CARBON MONOXIDE, HYDROGEN AND METHANE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CH4 |
Citations (7)
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EP0677483A1 (en) | 1994-04-13 | 1995-10-18 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Process and apparatus for the separation of a gaseous mixture |
US6266976B1 (en) | 2000-06-26 | 2001-07-31 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Cryogenic H2 and carbon monoxide production with an impure carbon monoxide expander |
FR3018599A1 (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2015-09-18 | Air Liquide | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CRYOGENIC SEPARATION OF A SYNTHESIS GAS CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE, METHANE AND HYDROGEN |
CN105716370A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-06-29 | 开封空分集团有限公司 | System and method of preparing hydrogen rich gas and carbon monoxide from synthesis gas |
WO2017144151A1 (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2017-08-31 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for cryogenic syngas decomposition |
WO2018039313A1 (en) | 2016-08-25 | 2018-03-01 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Process and apparatus for producing carbon monoxide |
WO2019115966A1 (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-06-20 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Method and apparatus for the cryogenic separation of a synthesis gas containing a nitrogen separation step |
Family Cites Families (3)
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FR2664263B1 (en) * | 1990-07-04 | 1992-09-18 | Air Liquide | PROCESS AND PLANT FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS PRODUCTION OF METHANE AND CARBON MONOXIDE. |
FR2916264A1 (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2008-11-21 | Air Liquide | Mixture separating method, involves separating mixture using carbon monoxide cycle, where cycle assures cooling of methane at washing column, over-cooling of washing column and/or condensation at top of denitrification column |
CN108826831B (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2023-09-29 | 杭州中泰深冷技术股份有限公司 | Device and process for cryogenic separation of carbon monoxide gas by nitrogen circulation refrigeration |
-
2019
- 2019-08-20 FR FR1909300A patent/FR3100057A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2020
- 2020-07-29 EP EP20188281.8A patent/EP3783292A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-08-18 CN CN202010830157.2A patent/CN112410081A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2020-08-19 RU RU2020127582A patent/RU2020127582A/en unknown
- 2020-08-20 US US16/998,362 patent/US20210055048A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP0677483A1 (en) | 1994-04-13 | 1995-10-18 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Process and apparatus for the separation of a gaseous mixture |
US6266976B1 (en) | 2000-06-26 | 2001-07-31 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Cryogenic H2 and carbon monoxide production with an impure carbon monoxide expander |
FR3018599A1 (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2015-09-18 | Air Liquide | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CRYOGENIC SEPARATION OF A SYNTHESIS GAS CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE, METHANE AND HYDROGEN |
WO2017144151A1 (en) * | 2016-02-25 | 2017-08-31 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Method and device for cryogenic syngas decomposition |
CN105716370A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2016-06-29 | 开封空分集团有限公司 | System and method of preparing hydrogen rich gas and carbon monoxide from synthesis gas |
WO2018039313A1 (en) | 2016-08-25 | 2018-03-01 | Praxair Technology, Inc. | Process and apparatus for producing carbon monoxide |
WO2019115966A1 (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2019-06-20 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Method and apparatus for the cryogenic separation of a synthesis gas containing a nitrogen separation step |
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US20210055048A1 (en) | 2021-02-25 |
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RU2020127582A3 (en) | 2022-02-21 |
CN112410081A (en) | 2021-02-26 |
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