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EP3658704A1 - Bast crops processing line - Google Patents

Bast crops processing line

Info

Publication number
EP3658704A1
EP3658704A1 EP18837664.4A EP18837664A EP3658704A1 EP 3658704 A1 EP3658704 A1 EP 3658704A1 EP 18837664 A EP18837664 A EP 18837664A EP 3658704 A1 EP3658704 A1 EP 3658704A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
machine
fibers
scutching
shives
shive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18837664.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3658704A4 (en
Inventor
Rubil HILIAZETDINOV
Serhii KOROPCHENKO
Petro LUKIANENKO
Oleksandr DOVHOPOLYI
Oleksandr RIABCHENKO
Bohdan MOSKALENKO
Dmytro PETRACHENKO
Viktor KHARKOV
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
"hemptechno" LLC
Original Assignee
"hemptechno" LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by "hemptechno" LLC filed Critical "hemptechno" LLC
Publication of EP3658704A1 publication Critical patent/EP3658704A1/en
Publication of EP3658704A4 publication Critical patent/EP3658704A4/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01BMECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01B1/00Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
    • D01B1/10Separating vegetable fibres from stalks or leaves
    • D01B1/14Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01BMECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01B1/00Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
    • D01B1/10Separating vegetable fibres from stalks or leaves
    • D01B1/14Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating
    • D01B1/30Details of machines
    • D01B1/38Delivery or discharge arrangements
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01BMECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01B1/00Mechanical separation of fibres from plant material, e.g. seeds, leaves, stalks
    • D01B1/10Separating vegetable fibres from stalks or leaves
    • D01B1/14Breaking or scutching, e.g. of flax; Decorticating
    • D01B1/30Details of machines
    • D01B1/40Arrangements for disposing of non-fibrous materials
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01BMECHANICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FIBROUS OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FIBRES OF FILAMENTS, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01B9/00Other mechanical treatment of natural fibrous or filamentary material to obtain fibres or filaments

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for primary processing of bast-fiber crops and can be used to obtain the same type straw fibers and shives or flax and hemp fibers. Moreover, the invention makes it possible to obtain fibers with low shive content.
  • KPML- 2M apparatus Ma pKOB B. B. N epBH M Ha?i o6pa6oTKa /l bHa v Apyrnx jiy6fl Hbix Ky/i bTyp / Ma pKOB B. B. - M . : ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ M nmneBafl npoM-crb, 1981. - 376 c], which consists of a divider, breaking machine, scutching sections, tow shaker and pneumatic conveying system .
  • Raw material processing by using the KPML-2M tow preparing apparatus allows obtaining high-quality short fibers and shives. However, due to the large number of mechanisms included in the apparatus, the processing line has high energy and metal intensity.
  • Another well-known machine is the apparatus for processing of flax straw, and also straw opener and drum therefor [Pat. 0 398 421 European Patent Office, Int. CI.5 D01B 1/14, D01B 1/24, D01 B 1/28. Apparatus for processing flax straw, and also straw opener and drum therefor / Leutscher, Hendrik Jakob; applicant: Instituut voor bewaring en verwerking van landbouw arean. - N9 90201168.3 ; Date of filing : 08.05.90 ; Date of publication of application : 22.11.90, Bull .
  • This apparatus provides a high-quality separation of wood parts of the flax straw stems from the bast parts and allows to equally effectively process raw materials with different physical and mechanical characteristics by installing one or more beating drums on the machine.
  • this apparatus is designed to process only one type of raw material - flax straw.
  • the apparatus consists of a recoiling machine, breaking machine, drum scutcher and carder, tow shaker, raw fibers collector with a measuring device mounted on a single mobile platform.
  • the breaking machine is fitted with slatted rollers with velocity step between them and the tow shaker is equipped with a vibrating device.
  • the latter is used for processing different types of raw materials: straw or treated linen flax and hemp fibers arranged in parallel or chaotically. Besides, it has low energy and metal intensity and can be removed to the places where raw materials are concentrated. However, however, during processing, a too thick layer of raw materials is formed . As a result, the shives content in the fibers exceeds the threshold limit values.
  • the present invention was made according to the prior art described above, and the object of the present invention is to improve the apparatus for processing bast crop stems by changing the set of machines and applying new technical solutions to improve its performance and obtain fibers with a guaranteed high degree of purification from the shives.
  • the present invention provides the bast crops processing line consisting of a recoiling machine ( 1 ), breaking machine (4), tow shaker (7) and shive-fiber waste transportation system (8), where, according to the invention, after the recoiling machine ( 1) a dividing and scutching machine (3) is installed and the machine for scutching raw fibers without pressing (5) is installed after the breaking machine (4), while the shive-fiber waste transportation system (8) is fitted with a crushing device (9) .
  • the dividing and scutching machine (3) installed immediately after the recoiling machine ( 1 ) makes it possible to form a raw material ( 10) layer with a definite and optimal density for processing.
  • the dividing and scutching machine (3) comprises a scutching drum, which simultaneously forms a raw material layer, performs carding and separates shives from fibers. As a result, enriched and partly paralleled raw fibers are fed into the breaking machine (4). All of the foregoing contributes to the effectiveness of the process of separating shives from fibers and provides the opportunity to process raw materials ( 10) with a wide range of density in a roll .
  • the machine for scutching raw fibers without pressing (5) installed after the breaking machine (4) provides an intensive separation of shives from fibers, considerably facilitating further separation of free shives in the tow shaker (7). Besides, during the scutching process without pressing long bast fibers are broken into shorter ones, allowing for easy further processing of the obtained fiber.
  • the shive-fiber waste transportation system (8) is fitted with a crushing device (9), which reduces the risk of clogging the air ducts with large shive particles formed during processing of certain types of raw materials ( 10), including hemp.
  • the crushing device (9) improves reliability of the shive-fiber waste transportation system (8).
  • the crushing device (9) is installed under the dividing and scutching machine (3), where the most intense separation of shives from fibers takes place.
  • Fig. 1 depicts a scheme of the bast crops processing line.
  • the line consists of a recoiling machine ( 1), ventilation system (2), dividing and scutching machine (3), breaking machine (4), machine for scutching raw fibers without pressing (5), cyclone separator (6), tow shaker (7), shive-fiber waste transportation system (8) and crushing device (9) .
  • the processing line works as follows : the raw material ( 10) from the recoiling machine ( 1) is fed into the dividing and scutching machine (3), where the layer of raw material ( 10) is first thinned, then the raw material ( 10) is scutched and carded and after that separation of shives and raw material ( 10) is performed .
  • the formed layer of raw material ( 10) passes to the breaking machine (4), where its intensive breaking with simultaneous drawing, abrasion and thinning is performed.
  • the crushed and partly separated from the shive raw material ( 10) enters the machine for scutching raw fibers without pressing (5), where the stator and rotor's blades intensively separate shives from fibers and break long bast fibers into shorter ones.
  • the shive-fibre mix passes to the cyclone separator (6), where it is separated from the air flow created by the machine for scutching raw fibers without pressing (5).
  • the shive-fibre mix is fed into the tow shaker (7), where the final separation of fibers from free shives takes place.
  • the dust generated during the recoiling, fiber layer forming, scutching, carding and breaking operations is collected and removed from the working area through the ventilation system (2).
  • shives and fiber fragments are separated from the raw fibers, which are removed from the working zones by the shive-fiber waste transportation system (8).
  • the shive-fiber waste transportation system (8) is fitted with the crushing device (9), which increases its operational reliability.
  • the crushing device (9) is installed under the dividing and scutching machine (3), where the most intense separation of shives from fibers takes place.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus for primary processing of bast-fiber crops and can be used to obtain the same type straw fibers and shives or flax and hemp fibers. The bast crops processing line consists of the sequentially installed recoiling machine ( 1), dividing and scutching machine (3), breaking machine (4), the machine for scutching raw fibers without pressing (5), tow shaker (7) and shive-fiber waste transportation system (8), while the latter is fitted with a crushing device (9). The dividing and scutching machine (3) makes it possible to form a layer of raw material ( 10) with a definite and optimal density for processing, to card and separate shives from fibers. The machine for scutching raw fibers without pressing (5) provides an intensive separation of shives from fibers, considerably facilitating further separation of free shives in the tow shaker (7). The crushing device (9) improves reliability of the shive-fiber waste transportation system (8).

Description

BAST CROPS PROCESSING LINE
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to an apparatus for primary processing of bast-fiber crops and can be used to obtain the same type straw fibers and shives or flax and hemp fibers. Moreover, the invention makes it possible to obtain fibers with low shive content.
Background of the Invention
One of the commonly known tow preparing apparatuses is the KPML- 2M apparatus [ Ma pKOB B. B. N epBH M Ha?i o6pa6oTKa /l bHa v Apyrnx jiy6fl Hbix Ky/i bTyp / Ma pKOB B. B. - M . : ΤΊ Θ ΓΚΘ Η M nmneBafl npoM-crb, 1981. - 376 c], which consists of a divider, breaking machine, scutching sections, tow shaker and pneumatic conveying system . Raw material processing by using the KPML-2M tow preparing apparatus allows obtaining high-quality short fibers and shives. However, due to the large number of mechanisms included in the apparatus, the processing line has high energy and metal intensity.
Another well-known machine is the apparatus for processing of flax straw, and also straw opener and drum therefor [Pat. 0 398 421 European Patent Office, Int. CI.5 D01B 1/14, D01B 1/24, D01 B 1/28. Apparatus for processing flax straw, and also straw opener and drum therefor / Leutscher, Hendrik Jakob; applicant: Instituut voor bewaring en verwerking van landbouwprodukten. - N9 90201168.3 ; Date of filing : 08.05.90 ; Date of publication of application : 22.11.90, Bull . 90/47], in which the process of high-quality separation of flax fibers from the shives is carried out by using one or more beating drums for flax straw processing. This apparatus provides a high-quality separation of wood parts of the flax straw stems from the bast parts and allows to equally effectively process raw materials with different physical and mechanical characteristics by installing one or more beating drums on the machine. However, this apparatus is designed to process only one type of raw material - flax straw.
There is also a widely known apparatus for processing of bast crop stems [Patent 68195, Ukraine, IPC (2012.01), A01 D 45/00. Apparatus for processing bast crop stems / B.I. Moskalenko, R. N . Hiliazetdinov, S. P. Koropchenko. Date of filing : 27.12.2010; Date of publication of application : 26.03.2012, Bull. N?6. - 4p.] . The apparatus consists of a recoiling machine, breaking machine, drum scutcher and carder, tow shaker, raw fibers collector with a measuring device mounted on a single mobile platform. The breaking machine is fitted with slatted rollers with velocity step between them and the tow shaker is equipped with a vibrating device.
The latter is used for processing different types of raw materials: straw or treated linen flax and hemp fibers arranged in parallel or chaotically. Besides, it has low energy and metal intensity and can be removed to the places where raw materials are concentrated. However, However, during processing, a too thick layer of raw materials is formed . As a result, the shives content in the fibers exceeds the threshold limit values. This solution is the closest analog to the invention by the technical essence and achieved result and, therefore, can be taken as a prototype. Summary of the Invention
The present invention was made according to the prior art described above, and the object of the present invention is to improve the apparatus for processing bast crop stems by changing the set of machines and applying new technical solutions to improve its performance and obtain fibers with a guaranteed high degree of purification from the shives.
To solve the problem, the present invention provides the bast crops processing line consisting of a recoiling machine ( 1 ), breaking machine (4), tow shaker (7) and shive-fiber waste transportation system (8), where, according to the invention, after the recoiling machine ( 1) a dividing and scutching machine (3) is installed and the machine for scutching raw fibers without pressing (5) is installed after the breaking machine (4), while the shive-fiber waste transportation system (8) is fitted with a crushing device (9) .
The dividing and scutching machine (3) installed immediately after the recoiling machine ( 1 ) makes it possible to form a raw material ( 10) layer with a definite and optimal density for processing. The dividing and scutching machine (3) comprises a scutching drum, which simultaneously forms a raw material layer, performs carding and separates shives from fibers. As a result, enriched and partly paralleled raw fibers are fed into the breaking machine (4). All of the foregoing contributes to the effectiveness of the process of separating shives from fibers and provides the opportunity to process raw materials ( 10) with a wide range of density in a roll .
The machine for scutching raw fibers without pressing (5) installed after the breaking machine (4) provides an intensive separation of shives from fibers, considerably facilitating further separation of free shives in the tow shaker (7). Besides, during the scutching process without pressing long bast fibers are broken into shorter ones, allowing for easy further processing of the obtained fiber. Through the rotor's rotating blades the machine for scutching raw fibers without pressing (5) creates an air stream used to transport raw fibers from the breaking machine (4) to the tow shaker (7) . The shive-fiber waste transportation system (8) is fitted with a crushing device (9), which reduces the risk of clogging the air ducts with large shive particles formed during processing of certain types of raw materials ( 10), including hemp. The crushing device (9) improves reliability of the shive-fiber waste transportation system (8). The crushing device (9) is installed under the dividing and scutching machine (3), where the most intense separation of shives from fibers takes place.
The invention is illustrated by the drawing, where
Fig. 1 depicts a scheme of the bast crops processing line.
The line consists of a recoiling machine ( 1), ventilation system (2), dividing and scutching machine (3), breaking machine (4), machine for scutching raw fibers without pressing (5), cyclone separator (6), tow shaker (7), shive-fiber waste transportation system (8) and crushing device (9) .
The processing line works as follows : the raw material ( 10) from the recoiling machine ( 1) is fed into the dividing and scutching machine (3), where the layer of raw material ( 10) is first thinned, then the raw material ( 10) is scutched and carded and after that separation of shives and raw material ( 10) is performed . The formed layer of raw material ( 10) passes to the breaking machine (4), where its intensive breaking with simultaneous drawing, abrasion and thinning is performed. The crushed and partly separated from the shive raw material ( 10) enters the machine for scutching raw fibers without pressing (5), where the stator and rotor's blades intensively separate shives from fibers and break long bast fibers into shorter ones. Then, the shive-fibre mix passes to the cyclone separator (6), where it is separated from the air flow created by the machine for scutching raw fibers without pressing (5). From the cyclone separator (6), the shive-fibre mix is fed into the tow shaker (7), where the final separation of fibers from free shives takes place. The dust generated during the recoiling, fiber layer forming, scutching, carding and breaking operations is collected and removed from the working area through the ventilation system (2). During the fiber layer forming, breaking and shaking operations, shives and fiber fragments are separated from the raw fibers, which are removed from the working zones by the shive-fiber waste transportation system (8). The shive-fiber waste transportation system (8) is fitted with the crushing device (9), which increases its operational reliability. The crushing device (9) is installed under the dividing and scutching machine (3), where the most intense separation of shives from fibers takes place.
Experts in this area understand that the present invention may be changed and amended, but it will not alter the nature of the invention. Accordingly, the patent claim is assumed to include all the variations related to the nature and scope of the invention . The parts of the bast crops processing line represented on the Fig. 1, in claim and in this description are used as general. Instead of the represented parts of the bast crops processing line other alternative and/or equivalent parts may be used.
A sample of the line has been created on the basis of the invention . Experimental tests of the sample confirmed the working capacity of the proposed scheme.

Claims

CLAIM
1. The bast crops processing line consisting of a recoiling machine (1), breaking machine (4), tow shaker (7) and shive-fiber waste transportation system (8) is characterised in that after the recoiling machine ( 1) a dividing and scutching machine (3) is installed and the machine for scutching raw fibers without pressing (5) is installed after the breaking machine (4), while the shive-fiber waste transportation system (8) is fitted with a crushing device (9).
EP18837664.4A 2017-07-27 2018-04-25 Bast crops processing line Withdrawn EP3658704A4 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
UAA201707867A UA118145C2 (en) 2017-07-27 2017-07-27 LINING CULTURAL PROCESSING LINE
PCT/UA2018/000040 WO2019022692A1 (en) 2017-07-27 2018-04-25 Bast crops processing line

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3658704A1 true EP3658704A1 (en) 2020-06-03
EP3658704A4 EP3658704A4 (en) 2021-04-14

Family

ID=65040247

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18837664.4A Withdrawn EP3658704A4 (en) 2017-07-27 2018-04-25 Bast crops processing line

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20200270768A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3658704A4 (en)
UA (1) UA118145C2 (en)
WO (1) WO2019022692A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112323185A (en) * 2020-10-14 2021-02-05 王世利 Opener for textile production
CN114457429B (en) * 2022-03-31 2023-04-11 中国热带农业科学院农业机械研究所 Fiber decorticating device of pineapple leaf scraping machine and intermittent pineapple leaf scraping machine
FR3147298B1 (en) * 2023-03-28 2025-03-28 Studys Scutching plant for the processing of plant fibers

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8901226A (en) * 1989-05-17 1990-12-17 Inst Voor Bewaring Apparatus for processing flax straw, as well as flax straw opener and drum therefor.
DE3923498A1 (en) * 1989-07-15 1991-01-17 Jakob Bahmer Flax prepn. - has breaker to extract wood matter after de-seeding and before alignment for bundling
US6079647A (en) * 1996-07-19 2000-06-27 Durafibre Inc. Plant material processing system
CN201006904Y (en) * 2007-02-11 2008-01-16 佳木斯现代农业装备有限公司 One-stop material positive pumping pneumatic conveying device for hemp combined machine
UA49279U (en) * 2009-11-02 2010-04-26 Херсонский Национальный Технический Университет Method for production of dressed fiber of bast-fiber crops
UA68195U (en) 2010-12-27 2012-03-26 Опытная Станция Лубяных Культур Института Сельского Хозяйства Северо-Востока Уаан Unit for processing bast crops
UA113306C2 (en) * 2014-10-20 2017-01-10 Херсонський Національний Технічний Університет UNIT FOR PROCESSING STEMS OF BUB CULTURES
UA113090C2 (en) * 2014-12-15 2016-12-12 METHOD OF OBTAINING ONE-TYPE FIBER FROM FRUIT FIBER CULTURES AND DEVICES FOR ITS PERFORMANCE
RU2598833C1 (en) * 2015-07-03 2016-09-27 Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение "Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт механизации льноводства" (ФГБНУ ВНИИМЛ) Method of producing single-type bast fibre
UA109252U (en) * 2015-12-14 2016-08-25 Дослідна Станція Луб'Яних Культур Інституту Сільського Господарства Північного Сходу Наан DEVICES FOR DENSITY AND ENHANCEMENT OF A HAMBLE BREAD BREAK WITH A CHAOTICAL POSITION OF STEMS
UA121379U (en) * 2017-03-03 2017-12-11 Інститут Луб'Яних Культур Наан DEVICES FOR THE ENHANCEMENT OF A HORIZONTAL TREE BATTLE AND THE CREDIT MILLING

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20200270768A1 (en) 2020-08-27
WO2019022692A1 (en) 2019-01-31
EP3658704A4 (en) 2021-04-14
UA118145C2 (en) 2018-11-26

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