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EP3325804B1 - Pressure measurement method - Google Patents

Pressure measurement method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3325804B1
EP3325804B1 EP16710928.9A EP16710928A EP3325804B1 EP 3325804 B1 EP3325804 B1 EP 3325804B1 EP 16710928 A EP16710928 A EP 16710928A EP 3325804 B1 EP3325804 B1 EP 3325804B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reciprocating
compressor
pressure
piston compressor
electric motor
Prior art date
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EP16710928.9A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3325804A1 (en
Inventor
Christopher Zaum
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Continental Reifen Deutschland GmbH
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Continental Reifen Deutschland GmbH
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Priority to PL16710928T priority Critical patent/PL3325804T3/en
Publication of EP3325804A1 publication Critical patent/EP3325804A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/04—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for the means being electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F04B35/06—Mobile combinations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/06—Control using electricity
    • F04B49/065—Control using electricity and making use of computers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/08—Regulating by delivery pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2203/00—Motor parameters
    • F04B2203/02—Motor parameters of rotating electric motors
    • F04B2203/0201—Current
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2205/00—Fluid parameters
    • F04B2205/05—Pressure after the pump outlet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for limiting the maximum pressure of an air compressor comprising a reciprocating piston compressor of a breakdown assistance device for tires of motor vehicles, the reciprocating piston compressor being driven by an electric motor via a crank mechanism. Furthermore, the invention relates to a portable air compressor for a breakdown assistance device with a reciprocating compressor driven by an electric motor, preferably an air compressor for a breakdown assistance device for sealing and inflating vehicle tires, with a control device or a control unit for controlling the breakdown assistance device.
  • the said compressors are z. B. with or as part of devices for sealing and pumping inflatable objects, especially for sealing and pumping up motor vehicle tires. Such devices are called “breakdown assistance devices” or “breakdown kits”.
  • These portable and lightweight devices contain the compressor unit as a compressed gas source, furthermore have a sealant container for an automatic sealant that can be filled into the inflatable object to seal the tire damage, a valve and distributor unit for sealant and compressed gas and are equipped with an inlet line that can be connected to the compressed gas source and a Provided outlet line connectable to the inflatable object.
  • the sealant can be applied manually by the user or with the aid of the air compressor.
  • the procedure to restore mobility using these breakdown kits requires a number of complex operations that must be performed by the user of the Breakdown kits must be carried out manually. These include, for example, the detection of a flat tire, the application of the sealant, the monitoring of the sealing process using a pressure gauge and a timer, a defined movement of the vehicle to distribute the sealant and the assessment of the repair result
  • the EP 2 196 305 A1 discloses a method for operating a breakdown assistance system that works with a sealant and contains a compressor, in which the sealant flow can be switched on automatically based on a comparison of a pressure difference with a predetermined threshold value.
  • the EP 2 610 492 A1 relates, for example, to an engine control unit and an electric pump unit and in particular to an engine control unit for an electric pump unit, which is suitable for supplying a transmission of a motor vehicle with hydraulic pressure, and an electric pump unit which contains such an engine control unit.
  • Pressure control is based on fluctuations in the motor current and speed, which arise and are measured by a change in the hydraulic pressure.
  • the US 2013/171008 A1 an electric pump system in which hydraulic fluid is stored in an oil pan and supplied to a transmission mechanism through an oil passage by driving an oil pump with the aid of a motor.
  • the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic fluid is estimated based on a drive current for the engine and an engine speed, and performs drive control of the engine based on the estimated hydraulic pressure value.
  • the US 7 789 112 B1 a procedure and a A system for inflating an object comprising the provision of a portable, programmable inflation system having a logic processor, memory, visual display, manual inputs, a compressor with an inflation tube attached, a pressure sensor and an actuator connected to a valve for releasing pressure from the object .
  • the portable, programmable inflation system is brought close to the object and the inflation tube is connected. Then a desired air pressure setting is received from a manual input and stored in memory.
  • the current air pressure in the object is then recorded with the pressure sensor, and it is determined whether the air pressure in the object is above or below the desired air pressure setting.
  • the object is inflated when the air pressure is below the desired air pressure setting or deflated when the air pressure is above the desired air pressure setting.
  • Pressure sensors are also regularly attached at the point of the compressor at which the highest pressure occurs, namely at the compressor outlet. Therefore, the typically high air temperature at the compressor outlet / compressor outlet places particular demands on the required pressure sensor. Due to the corresponding adaptation of the pressure sensors to high temperatures, there are of course increased production costs, which in turn mean that electronically supported breakdown kits have so far been rarely used.
  • the object of the invention was therefore to provide a cost-effective method for measuring pressure for an electronically assisted breakdown kit and at the same time increasing the service life and reliability of a correspondingly equipped small compressor.
  • the change in the mean motor current of the electric motor driving the compressor which is dependent on the change in pressure at the compressor output, is determined and provided as a pressure-proportional variable for the operation of the compressor of a control device in the form of an input variable or with the help of e.g. B. a user interface.
  • the measurement or determination of the mean motor current according to the method according to the invention therefore does not require a separate pressure sensor. In comparison with an electronic pressure sensor, this method is more cost-effective and, from a production point of view, much easier to integrate. In particular, the thermal load for a pressure number sensor is no longer a criterion.
  • An advantageous development consists in that the mean motor current of the electric motor driving the compressor is determined via a shunt resistor on a preferably electronic motor control unit (motor driver) of the driving electric motor.
  • a thermal load plays no role at all and such a shunt resistor can be installed without further ado, namely without any design changes to the other components being necessary.
  • the shunt resistor as a "current sensor” can thus be integrated directly into the circuit of the motor control unit.
  • Another advantageous embodiment is that the change in the mean motor current of the electric motor driving the compressor, which is dependent on the change in the pressure at the compressor outlet, is determined and made available as a pressure-proportional, decisive and essential input variable to a control device for controlling the compressor or a device containing a compressor , possibly as the only reference variable. It is thus possible to operate a control device directly and depending on the correlation between the motor current and the output pressure of the compressor, with no further sensors being required.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in a portable small compressor with a compressor driven by an electric motor, preferably in a small compressor in a breakdown assistance device for sealing and inflating vehicle tires, with a control device for controlling the small compressor and / or the breakdown assistance device, one of the input signals of the control being the pressure on the output side generated by the compressor, which is determined according to the method via the motor current.
  • Such a small compressor is advantageously designed in such a way that it has a reciprocating compressor driven by an electric motor via a slider crank mechanism and that the control device can be connected in a communicating manner to a motor control unit for the driving electric motor and / or a user interface, a suitable one for determining the mean motor current of the electric motor Shunt resistor is provided on the electronic motor control unit and the mean motor current determined by the shunt resistor can be processed as an input variable by the control device. With such a detection of the mean motor current, no pressure sensor is required, although the pressure is the decisive variable due to the correlation between the pressure at the compressor outlet and the motor current.
  • the pressure measurement carried out via the mean motor current can advantageously also be used by a control unit to limit the maximum pressure.
  • An additional mechanical pressure limitation is then no longer necessary.
  • the small compressor is switched off via its control device, for example depending on a threshold value for the mean motor current of the electric motor driving the compressor, which is preset for different tire types and representative of a maximum pressure.
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically the structure of a small compressor 1 in an electronically assisted breakdown assistance device with a reciprocating compressor 3 driven by an electric motor 2 for sealing and inflating vehicle tires, not shown here.
  • MD Motor Drive
  • UI User Interface
  • an electronic "pressure measurement” is provided which, in the embodiment of the method according to the invention used here, takes place by evaluating the data of a current sensor in the form of a shunt resistor integrated in the circuit of the motor control unit 5, not shown here.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Maximaldruckbegrenzung eines einen Hubkolbenverdichter umfassenden Luftkompressors einer Pannenhilfevorrichtung für Reifen von Kraftfahrzeugen, wobei der Hubklobenverdichter elektromotorisch über ein Schubkurbelgetriebe angetrieben wird. Weiterhin betrifft die Erfindung einen tragbaren Luftkompressor für eine Pannenhilfevorrichtung mit einem von einem Elektromotor angetriebenen Hubkolbenverdichter, vorzugsweise einen Luftkompressor einer Pannenhilfevorrichtung zum Abdichten und Aufpumpen von Fahrzeugreifen, mit einer Steuerungseinrichtung bzw. einer Kontrolleinheit zur Steuerung der Pannenhilfevorrichtung.The invention relates to a method for limiting the maximum pressure of an air compressor comprising a reciprocating piston compressor of a breakdown assistance device for tires of motor vehicles, the reciprocating piston compressor being driven by an electric motor via a crank mechanism. Furthermore, the invention relates to a portable air compressor for a breakdown assistance device with a reciprocating compressor driven by an electric motor, preferably an air compressor for a breakdown assistance device for sealing and inflating vehicle tires, with a control device or a control unit for controlling the breakdown assistance device.

Die genannten Verdichter werden z. B. mit oder als Teil von Vorrichtungen zum Abdichten und Aufpumpen aufblasbarer Gegenstände, insbesondere zum Abdichten und Aufpumpen von Kraftfahrzeugreifen benötigt. Solche Vorrichtungen werden "Pannenhilfevorrichtung" oder "Pannensets" genannt.The said compressors are z. B. with or as part of devices for sealing and pumping inflatable objects, especially for sealing and pumping up motor vehicle tires. Such devices are called "breakdown assistance devices" or "breakdown kits".

Diese tragbaren und leichten Vorrichtungen beinhalten die Kompressoreinheit als Druckgasquelle, weisen weiterhin einen Dichtmittelbehälter für ein in den aufblasbaren Gegenstand einfüllbares selbsttätiges Dichtmittel zum Abdichten der Reifenbeschädigung auf, eine Ventil- und Verteilereinheit für Dichtmittel und Druckgas und sind mit einer an die Druckgasquelle anschließbaren Einlassleitung und einer an den aufblasbaren Gegenstand anschließbaren Auslassleitung versehen.These portable and lightweight devices contain the compressor unit as a compressed gas source, furthermore have a sealant container for an automatic sealant that can be filled into the inflatable object to seal the tire damage, a valve and distributor unit for sealant and compressed gas and are equipped with an inlet line that can be connected to the compressed gas source and a Provided outlet line connectable to the inflatable object.

Hierbei kann das Dichtmittel manuell vom Benutzer oder mithilfe des Luftkompressors appliziert werden. Die Prozedur zur Wiederherstellung der Mobilität mithilfe dieser Pannensets erfordert eine Anzahl von komplexen Tätigkeiten, die vom Benutzer des Pannensets manuell ausgeführt werden müssen. Hierzu zählen z.B. das Erkennen der Reifenpanne, die Applizierung des Dichtmittels, die Überwachung des Abdichtvorgangs mithilfe eines Manometers sowie eines Zeitnehmers, eine definierte Bewegung des Fahrzeuges zur Verteilung des Dichtmittels und die Beurteilung des ReparaturergebnissesThe sealant can be applied manually by the user or with the aid of the air compressor. The procedure to restore mobility using these breakdown kits requires a number of complex operations that must be performed by the user of the Breakdown kits must be carried out manually. These include, for example, the detection of a flat tire, the application of the sealant, the monitoring of the sealing process using a pressure gauge and a timer, a defined movement of the vehicle to distribute the sealant and the assessment of the repair result

Die meisten Benutzer der beschriebenen Pannensets sind nicht auf eine Benutzung des entsprechenden Systems trainiert und es ist daher nicht auszuschließen, dass das System nicht wie vorgesehen bedient wird. Dadurch kann eine erfolgreiche Anwendung vereitelt und die Akzeptanz solcher Pannensets stark beeinträchtigt werden.Most users of the breakdown kits described are not trained to use the corresponding system and it cannot therefore be ruled out that the system is not operated as intended. This can prevent successful use and severely impair the acceptance of such breakdown kits.

Aus diesem Grund muss die Bedienung dieser Systeme möglichst einfach und fehlersicher gestaltet werden. Dies erfolgt meist durch Verwendung von allgemeinverständlichen Piktogrammen, durch Sicherheitssperren sowie durch vom Benutzer zu applizierenden Warnaufklebern. Wie in der EP 2 196 305 A1 gezeigt, können hierzu auch elektronische Steuer- und Anzeigesysteme zum Einsatz kommen. Die EP 2 196 305 A1 offenbart hierzu ein Verfahren zum Betrieb eines mit einem Dichtmittel arbeitenden und einen Kompressor beinhaltenden Pannenhilfesystems, bei dem anhand eines Vergleiches einer Druckdifferenz mit einem vorgegebenen Schwellenwert das Zuschalten des Dichtmittelflusses automatisch erfolgen kann.For this reason, these systems must be designed to be as simple and fail-safe as possible. This is mostly done through the use of easily understandable pictograms, through safety barriers and through warning stickers to be applied by the user. Like in the EP 2 196 305 A1 shown, electronic control and display systems can also be used for this purpose. The EP 2 196 305 A1 discloses a method for operating a breakdown assistance system that works with a sealant and contains a compressor, in which the sealant flow can be switched on automatically based on a comparison of a pressure difference with a predetermined threshold value.

Die EP 2 610 492 A1 bezieht sich beispielsweise auf eine Motorsteuereinheit und eine elektrische Pumpeneinheit und im Besonderen auf eine Motorsteuereinheit für eine elektrische Pumpeneinheit, die geeignet ist, ein Getriebe eines Kraftfahrzeugs mit hydraulischem Druck zu versorgen, und eine elektrische Pumpeneinheit, die eine solche Motorsteuereinheit enthält. Die in EP 2 610 492 A1 genannte Druckregelung basiert auf Motorstrom- und Drehzahlschwankungen, die durch eine Änderung des hydraulischen Drucks entstehen und gemessen werden. Ferner offenbart die US 2013/171008 A1 ein elektrisches Pumpensystem, in dem Hydraulikflüssigkeit in einer Ölwanne gespeichert und durch einen Ölkanal einem Getriebemechanismus zugeführt wird, indem eine Ölpumpe mit Hilfe eines Motors angetrieben wird. Der Hydraulikdruck der Hydraulikflüssigkeit wird auf der Grundlage eines Antriebsstroms für den Motor und einer Motordrehzahl eingeschätzt und führt die Antriebssteuerung des Motors auf der Grundlage des geschätzten Hydraulikdruckwertes aus. Weiterhin offenbart die US 7 789 112 B1 ein Verfahren und ein System zum Aufblasen eines Objekts beinhaltend die Bereitstellung eines tragbaren, programmierbaren Aufblassystems mit einem Logikprozessor, einem Speicher, einer visuellen Anzeige, manuellen Eingaben, einem Kompressor mit einem angeschlossenen Aufblasschlauch, einem Drucksensor und einem an ein Ventil angeschlossenen Aktuator zum Ablassen von Druck von dem Objekt. Das tragbare, programmierbare Aufblassystem wird in die Nähe des Objekts gebracht und der Aufblasschlauch wird angeschlossen. Dann wird eine gewünschte Luftdruckeinstellung von einer manuellen Eingabe empfangen und im Speicher abgelegt. Anschließend wird der aktuelle Luftdruck im Objekt mit dem Drucksensor erfasst, und es wird festgestellt, ob der Luftdruck im Objekt über oder unter der gewünschten Luftdruckeinstellung liegt. Unter der Steuerung des Logikprozessors wird das Objekt aufgeblasen, wenn der Luftdruck unter der gewünschten Luftdruckeinstellung liegt, oder entlüftet, wenn der Luftdruck über der gewünschten Luftdruckeinstellung liegt.The EP 2 610 492 A1 relates, for example, to an engine control unit and an electric pump unit and in particular to an engine control unit for an electric pump unit, which is suitable for supplying a transmission of a motor vehicle with hydraulic pressure, and an electric pump unit which contains such an engine control unit. In the EP 2 610 492 A1 Pressure control is based on fluctuations in the motor current and speed, which arise and are measured by a change in the hydraulic pressure. Furthermore, the US 2013/171008 A1 an electric pump system in which hydraulic fluid is stored in an oil pan and supplied to a transmission mechanism through an oil passage by driving an oil pump with the aid of a motor. The hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic fluid is estimated based on a drive current for the engine and an engine speed, and performs drive control of the engine based on the estimated hydraulic pressure value. Furthermore, the US 7 789 112 B1 a procedure and a A system for inflating an object comprising the provision of a portable, programmable inflation system having a logic processor, memory, visual display, manual inputs, a compressor with an inflation tube attached, a pressure sensor and an actuator connected to a valve for releasing pressure from the object . The portable, programmable inflation system is brought close to the object and the inflation tube is connected. Then a desired air pressure setting is received from a manual input and stored in memory. The current air pressure in the object is then recorded with the pressure sensor, and it is determined whether the air pressure in the object is above or below the desired air pressure setting. Under the control of the logic processor, the object is inflated when the air pressure is below the desired air pressure setting or deflated when the air pressure is above the desired air pressure setting.

Gerade zum Betrieb solcher elektronischen Systeme ist eine elektronische Druckmessung am betriebenen Luftkompressor bzw. ein dem Druck proportionales elektrisches/elektronisches Signal erforderlich. Jedoch ist der Einsatz geeigneter elektronischer Drucksensoren im Vergleich zu üblicherweise verwendeten mechanischen Druckanzeigen mit einer signifikanten Kostensteigerung verbunden.Electronic pressure measurement on the operated air compressor or an electrical / electronic signal proportional to the pressure is required precisely for the operation of such electronic systems. However, the use of suitable electronic pressure sensors is associated with a significant increase in costs compared to the mechanical pressure displays that are commonly used.

Drucksensoren sind auch regelmäßig an der Stelle des Verdichters angebracht, an dem der höchste Druck entsteht, nämlich am Verdichterausgang. Daher stellt besonders die typischerweise hohe Lufttemperatur am Verdichterausgang/Kompressorausgang besondere Anforderungen an den benötigten Drucksensor. Aufgrund der entsprechenden Anpassung der Drucksensoren an hohe Temperaturen entstehen natürlich auch erhöhte Produktionskosten, die wiederum dazu führen, dass elektronisch unterstützte Pannensets bisher wenig eingesetzt werden.Pressure sensors are also regularly attached at the point of the compressor at which the highest pressure occurs, namely at the compressor outlet. Therefore, the typically high air temperature at the compressor outlet / compressor outlet places particular demands on the required pressure sensor. Due to the corresponding adaptation of the pressure sensors to high temperatures, there are of course increased production costs, which in turn mean that electronically supported breakdown kits have so far been rarely used.

Für die Erfindung bestand daher die Aufgabe, ein kostengünstiges Verfahren bereitzustellen zur Druckmessung für ein elektronisch unterstütztes Pannenset und dabei gleichermaßen Gebrauchsdauer und Zuverlässigkeit eines entsprechend ausgerüsteten Kleinkompressors zu erhöhen.The object of the invention was therefore to provide a cost-effective method for measuring pressure for an electronically assisted breakdown kit and at the same time increasing the service life and reliability of a correspondingly equipped small compressor.

Gelöst wird diese Aufgabe durch ein Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und einen Luftkompressor nach Anspruch 4. Weitere vorteilhafte Ausbildungen sind in den Unteransprüchen offenbart.This object is achieved by a method according to claim 1 and an air compressor according to claim 4. Further advantageous embodiments are disclosed in the subclaims.

Dabei wird die von der Veränderung des Druckes am Verdichterausgang abhängige Veränderung des mittleren Motorstroms des den Verdichter antreibenden Elektromotors ermittelt und als druckproportionale Größe für den Betrieb des Verdichters einer Steuerungseinrichtung in Form einer Eingangsgröße bereitgestellt oder mit Hilfe z. B. einer Benutzerschnittstelle angezeigt. Die Messung bzw. Ermittlung des mittleren Motorstroms nach dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren benötigt somit keinen separaten Drucksensor. Im Vergleich mit einem elektronischen Drucksensor ist dieses Verfahren kostengünstiger und aus produktionstechnischer Sicht viel einfacher zu integrieren. Insbesondere die thermische Belastung für einen Druckzahlsensor ist kein Kriterium mehr.The change in the mean motor current of the electric motor driving the compressor, which is dependent on the change in pressure at the compressor output, is determined and provided as a pressure-proportional variable for the operation of the compressor of a control device in the form of an input variable or with the help of e.g. B. a user interface. The measurement or determination of the mean motor current according to the method according to the invention therefore does not require a separate pressure sensor. In comparison with an electronic pressure sensor, this method is more cost-effective and, from a production point of view, much easier to integrate. In particular, the thermal load for a pressure number sensor is no longer a criterion.

Eine vorteilhafte Weiterbildung besteht darin, dass der mittlere Motorstrom des den Verdichter antreibenden Elektromotors über einen Shunt-Widerstand an einer vorzugsweise elektronischen Motor-Steuerungseinheit (Motor-Treiber) des antreibenden Elektromotors ermittelt wird. Eine thermische Belastung spielt dabei gar keine Rolle und ein solcher Shunt-Widerstand kann ohne weiteres montiert werden, nämlich ohne dass Konstruktionsänderungen an den übrigen Bauteilen nötig werden. Der Shunt-Widerstand als "Stromsensor" kann somit direkt in den Schaltkreis der Motor-Steuerungseinheit integriert werden.An advantageous development consists in that the mean motor current of the electric motor driving the compressor is determined via a shunt resistor on a preferably electronic motor control unit (motor driver) of the driving electric motor. A thermal load plays no role at all and such a shunt resistor can be installed without further ado, namely without any design changes to the other components being necessary. The shunt resistor as a "current sensor" can thus be integrated directly into the circuit of the motor control unit.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Ausbildung besteht darin, dass die von der Veränderung des Druckes am Verdichterausgang abhängige Veränderung des mittleren Motorstroms des den Verdichter antreibenden Elektromotors ermittelt und als druckproportionale maßgebliche und wesentliche Eingangsgröße einer Steuerungseinrichtung zur Steuerung des Verdichters oder einer einen Verdichter beinhaltenden Einrichtung zur Verfügung gestellt wird, ggf. als einzige Führungsgröße. Damit ist es möglich, direkt und abhängig von der Korrelation zwischen Motorstrom und Ausgangsdruck des Verdichters eine Steuerungseinrichtung zu betreiben, wobei keine weiteren Sensoren benötigt werden.Another advantageous embodiment is that the change in the mean motor current of the electric motor driving the compressor, which is dependent on the change in the pressure at the compressor outlet, is determined and made available as a pressure-proportional, decisive and essential input variable to a control device for controlling the compressor or a device containing a compressor , possibly as the only reference variable. It is thus possible to operate a control device directly and depending on the correlation between the motor current and the output pressure of the compressor, with no further sensors being required.

Dabei wird ausgenutzt, dass der mittlere Strom des den Verdichter antreibenden Elektromotors in einer quadratischen Abhängigkeit zu dem am Verdichterausgang anliegenden Gegendruck steht. Über eine vorab bestimmte quadratische Umrechnungsfunktion oder Wertetabelle ist eine Berechnung des Gegendrucks mit einer für die Anwendung hinreichenden Genauigkeit möglich. Für verschiedene Betriebszustände (Spannung, Temperatur) müssen je nach geforderter Genauigkeit verschiedene Umrechnungsfunktionen eingesetzt werdenThis makes use of the fact that the mean current of the electric motor driving the compressor has a quadratic dependence on the back pressure applied at the compressor outlet. Using a previously determined quadratic conversion function or table of values, it is possible to calculate the back pressure with an accuracy sufficient for the application. Different conversion functions have to be used for different operating states (voltage, temperature) depending on the required accuracy

Aufgrund seiner einfachen und kostengünstigen Bereitstellung der relevanten Eingangsgröße eignet sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren besonders zur Anwendung bei einem tragbaren Kleinkompressor mit einem von einem Elektromotor angetriebenen Verdichter, vorzugsweise bei einem Kleinkompressor in einer Pannenhilfevorrichtung zum Abdichten und Aufpumpen von Fahrzeugreifen, mit einer Steuerungseinrichtung zur Steuerung des Kleinkompressors und/oder der Pannenhilfevorrichtung , wobei eines der Eingangssignale der Steuerung der durch den Verdichter erzeugte ausgangsseitige Druck ist, der verfahrensgemäß über den Motorstrom ermittelt wird.Due to its simple and inexpensive provision of the relevant input variable, the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in a portable small compressor with a compressor driven by an electric motor, preferably in a small compressor in a breakdown assistance device for sealing and inflating vehicle tires, with a control device for controlling the small compressor and / or the breakdown assistance device, one of the input signals of the control being the pressure on the output side generated by the compressor, which is determined according to the method via the motor current.

Vorteilhafterweise ist ein solcher Kleinkompressor so ausgebildet, dass er einen elektromotorisch über ein Schubkurbelgetriebe angetriebenen Hubkolbenverdichter aufweist und dass die Steuerungseinrichtung mit einer Motor-Steuerungseinheit für den antreibenden Elektromotor und /oder einer Benutzerschnittstelle kommunizierend verbindbar ist, wobei ein zur Ermittlung des mittleren Motorstrom des Elektromotors geeigneter Shunt-Widerstand an der elektronischen Motor-Steuerungseinheit vorgesehen ist und der durch den Shunt-Widerstand ermittelte mittlere Motorstrom als Eingangsgröße von der Steuerungseinrichtung verarbeitbar ist. Bei einer solchen Erfassung des mittleren Motorstroms ist keinerlei Drucksensor erforderlich, wobei trotzdem und durch die Korrelation zwischen Druck am Verdichterausgang und Motorstrom der Druck die maßgebende Größe darstellt.Such a small compressor is advantageously designed in such a way that it has a reciprocating compressor driven by an electric motor via a slider crank mechanism and that the control device can be connected in a communicating manner to a motor control unit for the driving electric motor and / or a user interface, a suitable one for determining the mean motor current of the electric motor Shunt resistor is provided on the electronic motor control unit and the mean motor current determined by the shunt resistor can be processed as an input variable by the control device. With such a detection of the mean motor current, no pressure sensor is required, although the pressure is the decisive variable due to the correlation between the pressure at the compressor outlet and the motor current.

Weiterhin kann die erfolgte Druckmessung über den mittleren Motorstrom vorteilhafterweise auch zur Maximaldruckbegrenzung durch eine Kontrolleinheit genutzt werden. Eine zusätzliche mechanische Druckbegrenzung ist dann nicht mehr erforderlich. Bei solch einer Verwendung, beispielsweise zur Maximaldruckbegrenzung eines Kleinkompressors in einer Pannenhilfevorrichtung, wird dann etwa abhängig von einem für unterschiedliche Reifentypen voreingestellten und für einen Maximaldruck repräsentative Schwellenwert für den mittleren Motorstrom des den Verdichter antreibenden Elektromotors der Kleinkompressor über seine Steuerungseinrichtung abgeschaltet.Furthermore, the pressure measurement carried out via the mean motor current can advantageously also be used by a control unit to limit the maximum pressure. An additional mechanical pressure limitation is then no longer necessary. In such a use, for example to limit the maximum pressure of a small compressor in a breakdown assistance device, the small compressor is switched off via its control device, for example depending on a threshold value for the mean motor current of the electric motor driving the compressor, which is preset for different tire types and representative of a maximum pressure.

Anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels soll die Erfindung näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
den schematisch den Aufbau eines Kleinkompressors in einer elektronisch unterstützten Pannenhilfevorrichtung,
Fig. 2
eine typische Kurve zur Darstellung der Abhängigkeit des mittleren Motorstroms von Gegendruck am Kompressorausgang,
The invention is to be explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment. Show it
Fig. 1
the schematic structure of a small compressor in an electronically assisted breakdown assistance device,
Fig. 2
a typical curve showing the dependence of the mean motor current on the back pressure at the compressor outlet,

Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch den Aufbau eines Kleinkompressors 1 in einer elektronisch unterstützten Pannenhilfevorrichtung mit einem von einem Elektromotor 2 angetriebenen Hubkolbenverdichter 3 zum Abdichten und Aufpumpen von hier nicht näher dargestellten Fahrzeugreifen. Vorgesehen ist hier außerdem eine Steuerungseinrichtung 4 (MCU = Motor Control Unit) zur Steuerung der Pannenhilfevorrichtung bzw. des Kleinkompressors. Fig. 1 shows schematically the structure of a small compressor 1 in an electronically assisted breakdown assistance device with a reciprocating compressor 3 driven by an electric motor 2 for sealing and inflating vehicle tires, not shown here. A control device 4 (MCU = Motor Control Unit) for controlling the breakdown assistance device or the small compressor is also provided here.

Die Steuerungseinrichtung 4 steuert über einen Motor-Steuerungseinheit 5 (MD=Motor Drive) die Funktion des Luftkompressors/Kleinkompressors 1, je nach Anforderung des Benutzers auch über die Benutzerschnittstelle 6 (UI=User Interface), also z.B. über ein Schaltpult, eine das Eingangssignal in eine Druckanzeige umwandelnde Einrichtung, ein Bedienpanel oder eine Applikation (App) auf einem Smartphone.The control device 4 controls the function of the air compressor / small compressor 1 via a motor control unit 5 (MD = Motor Drive), depending on the requirements of the user also via the user interface 6 (UI = User Interface), e.g. via a control panel, an input signal into a device that converts a pressure display, a control panel or an application (app) on a smartphone.

Zum Betrieb der Steuerungseinrichtung 4 ist eine elektronische "Druckmessung" vorgesehen, die in der hier angewandten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführung des Verfahrens durch die Auswertung der Daten eines Stromsensors in Form eines im Schaltkreis der Motor-Steuerungseinheit 5 integrierten, hier nicht näher dargestellten Shunt-Widerstands erfolgt. Die Verarbeitung des mithilfe des Shunt-Widerstands ermittelten mittleren Motorstroms und die über Algorithmen errechnete Korrelation zum Druck auf der Ausgangsseite des Hubkolbenverdichters erfolgt in der Steuerungseinrichtung 4.To operate the control device 4, an electronic "pressure measurement" is provided which, in the embodiment of the method according to the invention used here, takes place by evaluating the data of a current sensor in the form of a shunt resistor integrated in the circuit of the motor control unit 5, not shown here. The processing of the mean motor current determined with the aid of the shunt resistor and the correlation to the pressure on the output side of the reciprocating compressor, which is calculated using algorithms, takes place in the control device 4.

Hierzu wird ausgenutzt, dass der mittlere Strom des den Verdichter antreibenden Elektromotors in einer quadratischen Abhängigkeit zu dem am Verdichterausgang anliegenden Gegendruck steht. Über eine vorab bestimmte Umrechnungsfunktion oder über eine Wertetabelle ist eine Berechnung des Gegendrucks mit einer für die Anwendung hinreichenden Genauigkeit möglich.For this purpose, use is made of the fact that the mean current of the electric motor driving the compressor has a quadratic dependency on the back pressure applied at the compressor outlet. Using a previously determined conversion function or a table of values, it is possible to calculate the back pressure with an accuracy sufficient for the application.

Für verschiedene Betriebszustände (Spannung, Temperatur) müssen je nach geforderter Genauigkeit verschiedene Umrechnungsfunktionen eingesetzt werden. Eine typische Kurve zur Darstellung der Abhängigkeit des mittleren Motorstroms von Gegendruck am Verdichterausgang zeigt Fig. 2. Die dort dargestellten Messwerte entsprechen in guter Genauigkeit einer in der angenäherten eingefügten Kurve dargestellten quadratischfunktionalen Abhängigkeit.Different conversion functions have to be used for different operating states (voltage, temperature) depending on the required accuracy. A typical curve to show the dependency of the mean motor current on the back pressure at the compressor outlet Fig. 2 . The measured values shown there correspond with good accuracy to a quadratic-functional dependency shown in the approximated inserted curve.

BezugszeichenlisteList of reference symbols (Teil der Beschreibung)(Part of the description)

11
Kleinkompressor / LuftkompressorSmall compressor / air compressor
22
ElektromotorElectric motor
33
HubkolbenverdichterReciprocating compressors
44th
Kontroll- oder Steuerungseinrichtung / KontolleinheitControl or control device / control unit
55
Motor-Steuerungseinheit / MotortreiberMotor control unit / motor driver
66th
BenutzerschnittstelleUser interface

Claims (5)

  1. Method for limiting the maximum pressure of an air compressor, which comprises a reciprocating-piston compressor (3), of a breakdown assistance apparatus for tyres of motor vehicles, wherein the reciprocating-piston compressor is driven by electric motor means via a slider-crank mechanism, wherein the change in the average motor current of the electric motor (2) which drives the reciprocating-piston compressor (3), which change is dependent on the change in the pressure at the outlet of the reciprocating-piston compressor (3), is ascertained, and is provided as a pressure-proportional variable for the operation of the reciprocating-piston compressor (3) to a control device (4) in the form of an input variable or is displayed, wherein the air compressor is deactivated by means of its control device in a manner dependent on a threshold value, which is preset for different tyre types and which is representative of a maximum pressure, for the average motor current of the electric motor which drives the reciprocating-piston compressor.
  2. Method according to Claim 1, in which the average motor current of the electric motor (2) which drives the reciprocating-piston compressor (3) is ascertained by means of a shunt resistor on a preferably electronic motor control unit (5) of the driving electric motor.
  3. Method according to either of Claims 1 and 2, in which the change in the average motor current of the electric motor which drives the reciprocating-piston compressor (3), which change is dependent on the change in the pressure at the compressor outlet, is ascertained, and is provided as a pressure-proportional input variable to a control device (4) for the control of the reciprocating-piston compressor (3).
  4. Portable air compressor (1) for a breakdown assistance apparatus, having a reciprocating-piston compressor (3) which is driven by an electric motor (2), having a control device (4) for controlling the air compressor, wherein an input signal of the controller is the output-side pressure generated by the reciprocating-piston compressor (3), and a method according to any of Claims 1 to 3 is used for the measurement of the pressure and for the deactivation of the reciprocating-piston compressor (3) in the presence of a maximum pressure.
  5. Air compressor (1) according to Claim 4, which has the reciprocating-piston compressor (3) driven by electric motor means via a slider-crank mechanism and in the case of which the control device (4) is connectable in communicating fashion to a motor control unit (5) for the driving electric motor and/or to a user interface (6), wherein a shunt resistor suitable for the ascertainment of the average motor current is provided on the electronic motor control unit (5) and the average motor current ascertained by means of the shunt resistor can be processed as an input variable by the control device (4).
EP16710928.9A 2015-07-24 2016-03-03 Pressure measurement method Active EP3325804B1 (en)

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EP3325804A1 (en) 2018-05-30
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CN114458573A (en) 2022-05-10
WO2017016680A1 (en) 2017-02-02

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