Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
  • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
  • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
  • H01H33/94—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected solely due to the pressure caused by the arc itself or by an auxiliary arc
  • H01H33/95—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected solely due to the pressure caused by the arc itself or by an auxiliary arc the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
  • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
  • H01H9/302—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts wherein arc-extinguishing gas is evolved from stationary parts
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
  • H01H33/02—Details
  • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
  • H01H33/06—Insulating body insertable between contacts
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
  • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
  • H01H33/72—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber
  • H01H33/74—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber wherein the break is in gas
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
  • H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
  • H01H9/32—Insulating body insertable between contacts
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H1/00—Contacts
  • H01H1/12—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage
  • H01H1/14—Contacts characterised by the manner in which co-operating contacts engage by abutting
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
  • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
  • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts

Definitions

• the invention relates to insulated puff gas circuit breakers intended for high voltage electrical applications of the order of 72.5 kV to 12000 Kv, such circuit breakers being typically of the so-called rotating arc type.
• a gas-insulated rotating arc circuit breaker comprises a first contact and a second contact which is movable in translation, both tubular and which extend in the extension of one another, as well as a inductor located in a breaking chamber containing an insulating gas such as SF6.
• the circuit breaker is provided with so-called means of self-blowing of the arc.
• This blowing is obtained by a rise in pressure of the insulating gas located in a closed volume surrounding the arcing contacts at the beginning. opening, followed by a flow of this gas which passes into the tubular contacts spaced from each other when the instantaneous value of the alternating current approaches zero.
• the object of the invention is to propose a solution to overcome this disadvantage.
• the invention relates to a self-blast electrical cut-off device, such as a circuit breaker or a disconnector, comprising:
• a first contact and a second contact extending in the extension of one another, at least one of the contacts being displaceable in translation relative to the other contact between a closed position in which the two contacts are resting against each other and an open position in which the two contacts are spaced from each other; - a breaking chamber surrounding the two contacts to define a closed space when the contacts are in the closed position;
• said insulating member is of a material which settles under the effect of the heat generated by an arc being established between the contacts in the opening phase, to make the increase in pressure more the interrupting chamber in case of occurrence of such an arc in the opening phase of the circuit breaker.
• the insulating member is established in case of occurrence of an arc during opening, to quickly increase the pressure in the interrupting chamber, to promote rapid extinction of the arc.
• This member also makes it possible to delay blowing to obtain a greater increase in pressure in the interrupting chamber, which further contributes to making blowing more vigorous.
• the invention also relates to a device thus defined, in which the insulating member is made of a polytetrafluoroethylene type material.
• the invention also relates to a device thus defined, wherein the insulating member has a tubular shape provided with holes for delaying the evacuation of gas during the opening of the device.
• the invention also relates to a device thus defined, wherein the contacts each comprise a central channel and both have a tubular body.
• the invention also relates to a device thus defined, wherein the insulating member comprises a central wall closing the communication between its ends.
• the invention also relates to a device thus defined, wherein the insulating member has a length sufficient to maintain an end engaged in the second contact including open position.
• Figure 1 is a partial sectional view of the circuit breaker according to the invention when closed
• Figure 2 is a partial sectional view of a portion of the circuit breaker according to the invention when it is open. DETAILED PRESENTATION OF PARTICULAR EMBODIMENTS
• the idea underlying the invention is to use a material which is established under the effect of the heat generated by an electric arc, that is to say which sublimates under the effect of this heat to cause a rapid and significant rise in pressure within the interrupting chamber to promote the extinction of one arc.
• the circuit breaker according to the invention 1 which is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 comprises a main body 2, inside which are mounted a first contact 3 which is here fixed and a second contact 4 which is here mobile, these contacts extending in the extension of one another.
• the first contact 3 may also be movable, along the same axis as the contact 4, and in the opposite direction to the contact 4, these two contacts extending in the extension of one another.
• the main body 2 has a shape of revolution about a longitudinal axis AX of the circuit breaker, and the first contact 3 and the second contact 4 are also hollow elements having shapes of revolution and which are coaxial with the longitudinal axis AX .
• the second contact 4 is displaceable in translation along the longitudinal axis AX between an electrically closed position as in Figure 1 and an electrically open position as in Figure 2.
• the second contact 4 In the electrically closed position which corresponds to the configuration of FIG. 1, the second contact 4 has its end or key 7 which is in contact and in contact with the end or key 6 of the first contact 3. The current can thus pass through the first and the second contact.
• the second contact 4 has instead its key 7 spaced from the key 6 of the first contact, so that the circuit breaker 1 can no longer be traversed by an electric current.
• this circuit breaker is filled with dielectric gas such as SF6, to improve its electrical resistance and its breaking capacity.
• the main body 2 comprises in its inner region two partition walls in the form of rings oriented normal to the axis AX, marked by 8 and 9, and which respectively surround the first contact 3 and the second contact 4. to delimit a breaking chamber 11.
• Each wall thus has an outer diameter corresponding to the internal diameter of the body 2, and an inner diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the first contact 3 and the second contact 4.
• the breaking chamber 11 is an annular space surrounding the contacts 3 and 4, which contains insulating gas.
• Each contact 3, 4 comprises a tubular body having a narrowed contact end, bearing a key 6, 7 in the form of a ring, and delimiting an opening of diameter smaller than that of the tubular body.
• Each hollow contact 3, 4 thus comprises a central channel, these channels being marked respectively by 12 and 13.
• the first contact 3 carries an insulating member 14 which is engaged in the opening of its end by being rigidly fixed thereto, and which is also engaged in the opening of the end of the second contact without being therein. secured.
• the member 14 is an insulating element made of a material which is established under the effect of heat, particularly in the event of the appearance of an electric arc to cause a rapid rise in the pressure in the vicinity of the arc .
• This member is for example made of PTFE, that is to say polytetrafluoroethylene.
• This insulating member 14 has a generally tubular shape, its outer diameter corresponds to the internal diameter of the end openings of the contacts 3 and 4. Thus, when the second contact 4 is moved along the axis AX, it slides around this insulating member 14 to discover its outer surface.
• This insulating member comprises at its end located in the first contact 3 a flange 16 forming flare, which is supported on the inner face of the restriction of the end of the first contact. Fixing the insulating member 14 to the first contact 3 is provided for example by screws 17 each passing through the flange 16 to screw into the end restriction.
• the body of the member 14 further comprises a central wall 15, optional, normal to the axis longitudinal AX, and which separates into two halves the internal channel that defines the tubular body of the member 14, so that these two halves do not communicate with each other.
• the member 14 has holes 18, 19 passing radially through the wall of its tubular body so as to put in communication the cutting chamber 11, located around the member 14, with the channels 12 and 13, located at each end of the member 14, to evacuate the insulating gas during the opening of the circuit breaker.
• the blowing of the insulating gas present in the interrupting chamber 11 during the opening of the circuit breaker is optimized to promote the extinction of an arc formed between the contacts.
• the second contact 4 is moved to move away from the first contact 3, which also discovers the member 14.
• This displacement gives rise to the formation of an electric arc, indicated by A in FIG. 2, which is established between the keys 6 and 7, extending longitudinally, that is to say approximately parallel to the axis AX.
• the member 14 thus has its outer face uncovered and in the vicinity of the electric arc formed between the two contacts.
• This arc causes a heating in its vicinity, so that the pressure of the gas increases in the chamber 11.
• this increase in pressure is greatly accentuated: the material of the member 14 heated by the arc sublimates to increase the pressure more quickly.
• the rapid increase in the pressure in the cutting chamber due to the ablation of the material of the insulating member significantly increases the blowing of the arc in the vicinity of the zero crossing of the current alternative to promote arc extinction. It allows to increase by the same device power cutoff.
• the opening of the contacts discovers the insulating member but also its holes for passing the pressurized gas so that it escapes from the chamber 11 to the channels 12 and 13.
• the arrangement and inclination of the holes 18 and 19 of the member 14 is advantageously optimized to achieve the most effective blowing profile of the arc vis-à-vis its characteristics during 1 opening.
• these holes may also be inclined relative to the axis AX instead of being oriented radially, so as to limit the turbulence they introduce to promote intense blowing of the electric arc.
• the central partition wall 15 of the member 14 separates the flow of gas from the chamber 11 into a portion discharging towards the channel 12 of the first contact 3, and another part discharging to the channel 13 of the second contact 4.
• the member 14 has a length large enough for its end remains engaged in the first contact when the second contact is open. But it could also be shorter so that its end is removed from the second contact at the end of opening, which would then favor a sharp increase in the intensity of the blowing end of opening.
• the insulating member 14 makes it possible, on the one hand, to increase the pressure in the ablation cutting chamber more strongly, and on the other hand to delay and adjust the blowing to increase the flow rate. efficiency.
• the gas pressure in the chamber 11 is thus greater and the breath is more energetic and later, that is to say, more effective to extinguish the arc.

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• Circuit Breakers (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

Family

ID=52477927

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (4)

Families Citing this family (3)

Family Cites Families (11)

• 2014
  • 2014-12-11 FR FR1462218A patent/FR3030106B1/fr active Active
• 2015
  • 2015-12-09 EP EP15805543.4A patent/EP3230997B1/de active Active
  • 2015-12-09 WO PCT/EP2015/079125 patent/WO2016091953A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2015-12-09 US US15/534,672 patent/US20170352509A1/en not_active Abandoned

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