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EP3251140B1 - Schutzschalter mit ausziehbarer auslassabdeckung - Google Patents

Schutzschalter mit ausziehbarer auslassabdeckung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3251140B1
EP3251140B1 EP16701361.4A EP16701361A EP3251140B1 EP 3251140 B1 EP3251140 B1 EP 3251140B1 EP 16701361 A EP16701361 A EP 16701361A EP 3251140 B1 EP3251140 B1 EP 3251140B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit breaker
chamber
gas
discharge cap
arc
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP16701361.4A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3251140A1 (de
Inventor
Emilien Pierres
Nicolas Toquet
Roger Ledru
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
General Electric Technology GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Electric Technology GmbH filed Critical General Electric Technology GmbH
Publication of EP3251140A1 publication Critical patent/EP3251140A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3251140B1 publication Critical patent/EP3251140B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/72—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber
    • H01H33/74—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid having stationary parts for directing the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid, e.g. arc-extinguishing chamber wherein the break is in gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/53—Cases; Reservoirs, tanks, piping or valves, for arc-extinguishing fluid; Accessories therefor, e.g. safety arrangements, pressure relief devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H01H33/7023—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/904—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism characterised by the transmission between operating mechanism and piston or movable contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/91—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism the arc-extinguishing fluid being air or gas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of medium current circuit breakers, high or very high voltage. It relates more particularly to the problem of dimensioning such a circuit breaker, in particular conditioned by the need for a minimum volume defined by the exhaust hood fitted to the breaking chamber, as well as by the minimum electrical insulation distance between this cover. exhaust and the outer casing of the circuit breaker in which is arranged the breaking chamber.
  • circuit breaker designs such as that described in the document DE 10 2011 083593 .
  • Such a circuit breaker incorporates an interrupting chamber equipped with an exhaust hood defining a gas circulation chamber, also known as an exhaust chamber.
  • the hot gases from an electric arc formed during the power failure in the circuit breaker are directed to the circulation chamber.
  • this chamber In order to limit the temperature and the pressure of the gas in the circulation chamber, this chamber must have a fairly large volume, in particular to cope with the breaking of strong currents. In this respect, it is noted that an exhaust volume that is too low can limit the flow of the hot gases out of the cutoff zone, and thus limit the breaking performance of the circuit breaker.
  • the interrupting chamber is placed in a space defined by an outer casing of the circuit breaker.
  • a minimum electrical insulation distance is generally required between the outer casing of the circuit breaker and the exhaust hood forming the outer wall of the interrupting chamber. This minimum distance is set so as to limit the risks of dielectric ignition between a portion of the electrically charged chamber (at the non-zero potential), and the metal outer shell of the circuit breaker at zero potential.
  • the exhaust cowl comprises at least one movable portion under the effect of the pressure of the gases within the gas circulation chamber, so as to make the volume thereof expandable, in order to limit the pressure in this circulation chamber.
  • the invention is thus advantageous in that it provides an extensible exhaust hood, so as to allow the increase of the volume of the gas flow chamber in case of high currents failure. Also, in nominal configuration, that is to say in the closed position of the circuit breaker, or in the case of a low current cut producing little hot gas, the exhaust hood has a smaller dimension that allows to reduce the overall size of the circuit breaker. Moreover, in the case of "GIS” or “Dead Tank” type circuit-breakers, the invention is advantageous in that this reduction in size does not take place at the expense of the dielectric isolation of the chamber with respect to the outer casing of the circuit breaker.
  • the invention advantageously reduces the size of the circuit breaker while greatly limiting the risk of gas overpressure within the flow chamber, and the risk of dielectric ignition between the exhaust hood and the outer casing of the circuit breaker.
  • the invention is remarkable in that the expansion of the volume of the gas flow chamber is performed automatically and reliably, by simple physical phenomenon of gas pressure on the movable portion of the hood.
  • This extension also occurs only in the presence of high currents (usually 60% to 100% of the nominal short circuit current) rarely observed, which implies a movement infrequent, and therefore low risk of production of wear particles.
  • the hot gases resulting from the blowing of the arc remain at least partly confined in the chamber with extended volume, which limits the risks of aggression by these hot gases or dielectric priming in the outer casing of the circuit breaker.
  • the invention preferably comprises at least one of the following optional features, taken singly or in combination.
  • the circuit breaker comprises elastic return means reminding said movable portion of said exhaust hood in a rest position in which the volume of the gas flow chamber is minimal.
  • the exhaust hood is configured so that in the two extreme positions of its moving portion, it defines respectively minimum and maximum volumes of the gas flow chamber, the ratio between the minimum and maximum volumes being preferably between 0.9 and 0.5.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 there is shown a high voltage circuit breaker 10 according to the invention.
  • the circuit breaker is shown schematically, in order to focus on the principle object of the present invention.
  • this principle is applicable to all existing configurations of circuit breakers, in particular armored circuit breakers of "GIS” or “Dead Tank” type, which will be described later with reference to FIGS. Figures 3a to 4b .
  • the circuit breaker 10 comprises a breaking chamber 12.
  • the breaking chamber 12 is arranged at The interior of an envelope 14.
  • the interrupting chamber 12 is thus housed in a space 13 defined internally by the outer envelope 14.
  • This space 13 is usually filled with a pressurized insulating gas, for example of the SF6 type.
  • the chamber 12 comprises a first set of electrical contacts 18a, 20a and a second set of electrical contacts 18b, 20b. More specifically, the first assembly comprises a first permanent contact 20a cooperating with a second permanent contact 20b of the second assembly, when the circuit breaker occupies a closed position as shown in FIG. figure 1 . In addition, the first assembly comprises a first arcing contact 18a, cooperating with a second arcing contact 18b of the second set, when the circuit breaker is in its closed position. The first arcing contact 18a passes through a blow nozzle 19, made in a conventional manner.
  • the second arcing contact 18b is surrounded by two volumes 21 and 22 separated axially from one of the other by a wall, and allowing the extinction by blowing the electric arc, in order to cut off the current.
  • the blowing nozzle 19 makes it possible to channel the flow of gas during this blowing.
  • the gases escaping through the space 24 penetrate into another gas circulation chamber 32 delimited by an exhaust hood 41 also housed in the space 13. .
  • the breaking chamber 12 therefore comprises the exhaust hood 40 delimiting the exhaust volume 31 and forming part of the outer wall of the breaking chamber 12.
  • exhaust 40 preferably has several orifices 50 allowing the evacuation of gases to the space 13 defined by the tank 14.
  • these openings 50 are arranged near an upstream end of the cover 40, but they can of course be arranged differently on the cover 40.
  • the invention is applicable regardless of the configuration inside the chamber 31.
  • the exhaust hood 41 defining the exhaust volume 32, comprises several orifices 51 for the evacuation of the gases coming from the arc-breaking zone. , to space 13.
  • the exhaust cowl 40 has a movable portion 40 'slidably mounted on a fixed portion 40 ", the movable portion 40' corresponds to the bottom 40a, as well as to the a downstream end of the side wall 40b.
  • the fixed portion 40 correlates to the remainder of the hood, being moreover said that these two portions 40 ', 40 "are both centered on the axis A and substantially cylindrical.
  • the movable portion 40 ' is pierced at the center of the bottom 40a of an opening 62 traversed by the support 60, on which it is mounted to slide along the axis A.
  • the movable portion 40' is thus arranged around the support 60, being able to move along it, preferably in a sealed manner.
  • Elastic return means such as compression springs 64 are interposed between the two portions 40 ', 40 ", preferably being arranged inside the chamber 31. These springs 64 exert a return force forcing the movable portion 40 'to be positioned in a rest position, in which the volume of the gas circulation chamber 31 is a minimum volume Vmin.
  • This configuration is shown in FIG. figure 1 . It is the one that is occupied in the closed position, or even during a cut of a weak current.
  • the movable portion 40 'occupying a first extreme position is indeed retracted to the maximum in the fixed portion 40 ", so that the distance between the two ends of the hood along the axis A corresponds to a minimum distance, referenced Lmin on the figure 1 .
  • the figure 2 shows the second extreme position of the movable portion 40 ', after the latter has been displaced along the support 60, under the effect of the pressure of the gases in the chamber 31.
  • the mobile portion 40 is at the maximum relative to the fixed portion 40 ", so that the distance between the two ends of the hood along the axis A corresponds to a maximum distance, referenced Lmax on the figure 2 .
  • the volume of the gas circulation chamber 31 is a maximum volume Vmax, the ratio between the two volumes Vmin and Vmax may be between 0.9 and 0.5.
  • the supply of the movable portion 40 'in the second extreme position leads to obtain a reduced separation distance De2 between the two funds 40a, 14a. Nevertheless, even with this reduced spacing distance, the risk of dielectric ignition remains controlled. Indeed, the voltage between the breaking chamber 12 and the outer casing 14 of the circuit breaker when breaking strong currents is much lower than that required in a static situation. Respectively, the electrical isolation distance required during the breaking of strong currents is much lower than that required in a static situation, for example lower than 40%. Also, despite the small spacing distance, the risk of dielectric primer is advantageously very limited during the moving phase of the movable member 40 '.
  • blowing of the electric arc is also improved, thus reinforcing the breaking performance of the circuit breaker, due to the increase in the pressure difference between the core of the nozzle 19 and the exhaust chamber 31.
  • FIG. 3a and 3b there is shown a shielded circuit breaker 10 of the "Dead Tank” type, according to a first preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • the control mechanism of the two assemblies 18a, 20a, 18b, 20b is represented, this mechanism being conventional and identified by the general reference numeral 23.
  • the elements bearing the same reference numerals as those attached to the elements of figures 1 and 2 correspond to identical or similar elements.
  • the movable portion 40 ' has a downstream end of wider section, so as to further increase the volume of the chamber 31 in case of abnormally strong currents. More specifically, the movable portion 40 'has an inner intermediate wall 70, substantially orthogonal to the axis A and pierced with an opening 74. This wall 70 delimits to upstream the widened end of the movable portion 40 ', and it is it that slides along the support 60.
  • the bottom 40a is also arranged around the support 60, but at a radial distance from it for let the gases escape to the space 13, between the opening 62 and the support 60.
  • the substantially cylindrical fixed portion 40 has a first inner surface of external delimitation of the chamber 31. Its maximum diameter D1max, which is here a substantially constant diameter, is smaller than the maximum diameter D2max of a second inner surface of outer delimitation of the chamber 31 defined by the downstream end of the movable portion 40 'The ratio between the two diameters D1max and D2max may for example be provided between 0.9 and 0.5.
  • FIG. 4a and 4b there is shown a shielded circuit breaker 10 of "GIS" type, according to a second preferred embodiment of the invention.
  • elements bearing the same numerical references as those attached to the elements of figures 1 and 2 correspond to identical or similar elements.
  • the movable portion 40 ' takes a shape similar to that shown in the schematic diagrams of figures 1 and 2 , ie integrating the bottom 40a and the downstream end of the side wall 40b.
  • the inner diameters of the mobile and fixed portions 40 ', 40 are here substantially identical.

Landscapes

  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Schutzschalter (10) für Strom mit mittlerer, hoher oder sehr hoher Spannung, umfassend wenigstens eine Unterbrecherkammer (12) sowie eine äußere Umhüllung (14), die einen Raum (13) definiert, in dem die Unterbrecherkammer (12) angeordnet ist, wobei diese umfasst:
    - eine erste Gruppe von elektrischen Kontakten (18a, 20a) sowie eine zweite Gruppe von elektrischen Kontakten (18b, 20b), um wenigstens Operationen zum Schließen und zum Öffnen des Schutzschalters zu ermöglichen;
    - eine Lichtbogenblasdüse (19);
    - eine Auslasskappe (40), die einen Teil der Außenwand der Unterbrecherkammer (12) bildet, wobei die Auslasskappe in dem Raum (13) angeordnet ist und innen eine Gaszirkulationskammer (31) definiert, die wenigstens teilweise stromabwärts der Blasdüse (19) angeordnet ist, mit der sie kommuniziert, wobei die Auslasskappe (40) ein oder mehr Öffnungen (50) zum Abführen des Gases von der Gaszirkulationskammer in Richtung zu dem Raum (13) umfasst.
    - einen elektrisch isolierenden Träger (60), der die Unterbrecherkammer (12) mechanisch mit einem Boden (14a) der äußeren Umhüllung (14) des Schutzschalters verbindet,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Auslasskappe (40) wenigstens einen Bereich (40') umfasst, der unter der Einwirkung des Drucks der Gase innerhalb der Gaszirkulationskammer (31) derart bewegbar ist, dass deren Volumen erweiterbar ist.
  2. Schutzschalter nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der bewegbare Bereich (40') der Auslasskappe (40) um den Träger (60) herum angeordnet ist, der die Unterbrecherkammer (12) mechanisch mit dem Boden (14a) der äußeren Umhüllung (14) verbindet.
  3. Schutzschalter nach Anspruch 1 oder Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der bewegbare Bereich (40') der Auslasskappe (40) verschiebebewegbar an einem festen Bereich (40") dieser Kappe montiert ist, vorzugsweise entlang einer Längsmittelachse (A) der Kappe.
  4. Schutzschalter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er elastische Rückstellmittel (64) umfasst, die den bewegbaren Bereich (40') der Auslasskappe in eine Ruheposition zurückstellen, in der das Volumen (Vmin) der Gaszirkulationskammer (31) minimal ist.
  5. Schutzschalter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Auslasskappe (40) derart konfiguriert ist, dass in den zwei Endpositionen ihres bewegbaren Bereichs (40') sie ein minimales beziehungsweise ein maximales Volumen (Vmin, Vmax) der Gaszirkulationskammer (31) definiert, wobei das Verhältnis zwischen diesem minimalen und maximalen Volumen vorzugsweise zwischen 0,9 und 0,5 enthalten ist.
  6. Schutzschalter nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein fester Bereich (40") der Auslasskappe (40) eine erste innere Oberfläche zur äußeren Begrenzung der Gaszirkulationskammer (31) aufweist, dass der bewegbare Bereich (40') der Auslasskappe (40) eine zweite innere Oberfläche zur äußeren Begrenzung der Gaszirkulationskammer (31) aufweist, und dass ein maximaler Durchmesser (D2max) der zweiten inneren Oberfläche größer ist als ein maximaler Durchmesser (D1max) der ersten inneren Oberfläche.
EP16701361.4A 2015-01-28 2016-01-25 Schutzschalter mit ausziehbarer auslassabdeckung Active EP3251140B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1550648A FR3032059B1 (fr) 2015-01-28 2015-01-28 Disjoncteur equipe d'un capot d'echappement extensible
PCT/EP2016/051411 WO2016120188A1 (fr) 2015-01-28 2016-01-25 Disjoncteur equipe d'un capot d'echappement extensible

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3251140A1 EP3251140A1 (de) 2017-12-06
EP3251140B1 true EP3251140B1 (de) 2019-01-09

Family

ID=53059243

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16701361.4A Active EP3251140B1 (de) 2015-01-28 2016-01-25 Schutzschalter mit ausziehbarer auslassabdeckung

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US10170256B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3251140B1 (de)
FR (1) FR3032059B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2016120188A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106710960B (zh) * 2016-12-01 2019-01-22 上海思源高压开关有限公司 一种具有增强绝缘恢复功能的气体断路器
EP3985703B1 (de) * 2020-10-15 2023-11-29 General Electric Technology GmbH Leistungsschalter mit verbessertem gasströmungsmanagement

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE9308586U1 (de) * 1993-06-04 1993-11-04 Siemens AG, 80333 München Elektrischer Hochspannungsleistungsschalter
DE502005009041D1 (de) * 2005-09-26 2010-04-01 Abb Technology Ag Hochspannungsschalter mit verbesserter Schaltleistung
DE602006012024D1 (de) * 2006-05-29 2010-03-18 Abb Technology Ag Blaskolbenschalter mit einem Überdruckventil
ATE550770T1 (de) * 2007-10-31 2012-04-15 Areva Energietechnik Gmbh Hochspannungsleistungsschalter
FR2976085B1 (fr) 2011-06-01 2014-02-28 Commissariat Energie Atomique Dispositif de detection d'un defaut d'isolement
DE102011083594A1 (de) * 2011-09-28 2013-03-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Leistungsschalterunterbrechereinheit
DE102011083593A1 (de) * 2011-09-28 2013-03-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Leistungsschalterunterbrechereinheit
KR101786521B1 (ko) * 2013-07-02 2017-10-18 엘에스산전 주식회사 초고압 차단기

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3032059A1 (fr) 2016-07-29
US20180012715A1 (en) 2018-01-11
WO2016120188A1 (fr) 2016-08-04
FR3032059B1 (fr) 2017-03-03
US10170256B2 (en) 2019-01-01
EP3251140A1 (de) 2017-12-06

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