EP3174734A1

EP3174734A1 - Multi-layer composite for a security and/or value document and method for producing same

Info

Publication number: EP3174734A1
Application number: EP15747119.4A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Hans-Peter Seijo Bollin; Martin Siebert; Ulrike Lesche; Marlen Hennig; Arthur Mathea; Edward Springmann
Original assignee: Bundesdruckerei GmbH
Current assignee: Bundesdruckerei GmbH
Priority date: 2014-07-28
Filing date: 2015-07-24
Publication date: 2017-06-07
Anticipated expiration: 2035-07-24
Also published as: EP3174731B1; WO2016016128A1; EP3611027B1; EP3611027A1; EP3174731A1; EP3174734B1; WO2016016129A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-layer composite for a security and/or value document, which security and/or value document comprises at least a data sheet (13), which has a data side (16) and a title side (17), the multi-layer composite comprising at least one fiber composite layer (12) and at least one layer (14, 15) of thermoplastic polymer applied to the data side (16) and to title side (17) of the fiber composite layer (12), wherein the fiber composite layer (12) comprises perforation holes (26), in which joining webs (27) are formed when the fiber composite layer (12) is joined to the layers (14, 15), wherein the thickness of the layer (14, 15) is 0.5 to 1.5 times the diameter of the at least one perforation hole (26) or 0.5 to 1.5 times the diameter of the at least one joining web (27) in the fiber composite layer (12).

Description

Multi-layer composite for a security and / or
Value document and method for its production
The invention relates to a multi-layer composite for a security and / or value document, which consists of at least one fiber composite layer and applied on both sides of the fiber composite layer layers of a thermoplastic polymer. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing such a multilayer composite.
A booklet with a personalized data sheet is known from EP 1 502 765 B1. This data sheet consists of a flexible layer, which is connected on both sides with a data carrier. The flexible layer is formed by a textile, wherein mesh openings of the textile form breakthroughs, through which the data carriers connect with one another during lamination and connect the flexible layer.
A data sheet for a value and / or security document is known from EP 1 592 565 B1, in which a tab is introduced between two overlapping sheets which form a data page, wherein openings are provided in the tab, so that when Laminate the sheets in the openings of the tab forming connecting webs.
In the case of these data sheets, the focus is on permanently and inextricably linking the two outer layers with the interposition of a laminated layer.
The invention has for its object to propose a multi-layer structure in which targeted break points occur in the case of manipulation of the multi-layer structure. Furthermore, the invention has for its object to propose a method for producing such a multi-layer structure.
The object underlying the invention is achieved by a multi-layer structure in which the thickness of the layers of thermoplastic polymer, between which the at least one fiber composite layer is laminated or glued, 0.5 to 1.5 times the diameter or the minimum width of the perforation holes in the fiber composite layer. By this specific dimensioning of the thickness of the layers or cover layers to the fiber composite layer is made possible that in a manipulation, which provides a cleavage of the layer of thermoplastic polymer of the fiber composite layer, uncontrolled break points in the layer arise. Due to the size ratios of the diameter or the minimum width of the perforation hole or the diameter or the minimum width of the connecting web formed therein to the thickness of the layer, a reinforced zone in the layer are formed in the transition region from the connecting web to the layer, so that upon detachment of the layer in it adjacent area due to the notch effect forms a break point, which also breaks uncontrolled. By selecting the aspect ratio between the diameter of the perforation hole, ie the thickness of the connecting web to the thickness of the layer of thermoplastic polymer, it is also achieved that the connecting web is maintained in the fiber composite layer.
In order to form a predetermined breaking point during a manipulation of the multilayer composite, it is preferably provided that the diameter or the minimum width of the perforation hole has at least 0.5 times the thickness of the fiber composite layer. Preferably, the diameter or the minimum width is 1 to 4 times the thickness of the fiber composite layer. As a result, the rigidity and tensile strength of the connecting web can be ensured in the perforation hole.
The geometry of the perforation holes for forming the connecting webs may be round, oval, angular, linear or strip-shaped. As a result, security features provided in or on the layer can be additionally improved.
It is preferably provided that perforation holes with the same diameter or the same size of the selected geometry are introduced into the fiber composite layer. As a result, uniform coverage can be achieved over an entire data or title page.
For the formation of the multi-layer composite, a fiber composite layer is preferably used, which consists of a random fiber substrate, which is made of natural and / or synthetic fibers.
The at least one layer of thermoplastic polymer placed on the fiber composite layer is selected from the group consisting of polycarbonate, polyethylene glycol terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, polyethylene, in particular PET-G, polypropylene, polyimide or poly-trans-isoprene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, Polyacrylate and methacrylate, vinyl esters, ABS and copolymers of such polymers.
The perforation holes in the fiber composite layer are preferably arranged on an area adjacent to the fiber composite layer printed image area and / or within the printed image. As a result, such security-relevant areas as, for example, portraits or optically active security features or the like can be additionally secured.
A preferred embodiment of the multi-layer composite provides that at least the region of the fiber composite layer covered by the printed image is impregnated with a potting compound at least in regions to change the opacity of the fiber composite layer and by at least partially impregnating the fiber composite layer, in particular by at least partially impregnating the fiber composite layer, with the potting compound a see-through feature is formed. Due to the at least partial or at least partial impregnation of the fiber composite layer with the potting compound, the light-scattering property of the fiber composite layer is reduced as a function of the potting compound, so that opaque areas of the fiber composite layer can be converted by the potting compound into partially transparent areas or translucent areas. This can create a visual feature. Thus, the print image can not only be viewed from the data side in reflected light, but is also made visible on the front page. In this case, the printed image may preferably be visible in reflected light from the title page, so that the printed image can be viewed from the rear side thereof. However, at least can be visible in the transmitted light through the impregnation of the fiber composite layer with the potting the printed image. This review feature thus makes it possible that any manipulations on the data page by pasting, covering or overpainting of the printed image from the title page can be detected in a simple manner, since then the deviations from the introduced printed image will be obvious.
"Print image" is understood to mean a structured or full-surface print reproduction in any manner. As a structured print reproduction, for example, an image, such as a passport photograph or portrait or a graphic print reproduction, such as guilloches or a background grid or alphanumeric characters or a one or two-dimensional barcode, emblem, crests, national emblems or any other print reproduction, come into consideration. By introducing the amount or the proportion of the potting compound in a predetermined range or at a predetermined point in the fiber composite layer, the opacity of the fiber composite layer can be changed. Increasing backfilling of the interspaces in the fiber composite layer with a preferably clear potting compound can provide increasing light transmittance, so that not only are transition regions between opacity and partial transparency permissible, but complete transparency can also be achieved. In this case, a complete saturation of the fiber composite layer is given by the potting compound.
Advantageously, the fiber composite layer is impregnated with a transparent potting compound and has fibers with a refractive index which are approximately equal to or identical to the refractive index of the potting compound. Due to the incorporation of the potting compound in the fiber composite layer an air displacement between the individual fibers of the fiber composite layer is achieved in the introduced area, so that no air scattering occurs through the air bubbles and thus a semi-transparent or transparent or translucent effect can be adjusted and achieved.
Preferably, at least the region of the fiber composite layer covered by the printed image is at least partially impregnated with a potting compound in the planar direction of extent of the data sheet and completely over the thickness of the fiber composite layer. As a result, for example, in the case of an imprinted coat of arms or insignia, which is created by a line structure, the impregnation of the potting compound can run along the line structure, so that only the line structure is visible in the transmitted light and possibly also in reflected light. For example, a covered area can be completely covered by a full-surface portrait with the potting compound. It is also conceivable that the potting compound forms an outer edge around the flat print image. Depending on the printed image and the desired effect targeted hedging can also be made possible by individual areas of the printed image on targeted darkening or brightening by means of such a potting compound.
The potting compound may consist of a thermoplastic polymer, such as UV or thermally crosslinking acrylate, one- or two-component PUR, transparent hot melt adhesives or a thermoplastic. Likewise, it is also possible to use thermoplastic polymers which have a low viscosity at the processing temperature (PEtg). The potting compound is preferably made of a clear or crystal clear material.
Preferably, the at least one layer of a polymer is transparent. Thus, the viewing of the printed image from the front page in the transmitted light as well as in reflected light can be favored. Alternatively, this additional layer on the title page may also be only partially transparent or have darkening in the area of the printed image, in order to achieve specific superimpositions or completions of the image in interaction with the printed image in order to detect manipulations more easily with the naked eye without technical aids.
Furthermore, the potting compound may contain materials from the group consisting of color pigments, effect pigments, optically variable pigments and / or luminescent substances or pigments or fluorescent substances or pigments. This can be given an additional increase in the security against counterfeiting.
The object on which the invention is based is furthermore achieved by a method for producing a multi-layer structure in which the diameter or the minimum width of the perforation holes in the fiber composite layer is determined as a function of the thickness of the layer of thermoplastic polymer and the thickness of the layer is 0.5 to 1.5 times the diameter or the minimum width of the perforation holes, or the diameter or the minimum width of the connecting webs, is.
It is preferably provided that the perforation holes are introduced into the fiber composite layer by means of laser processing or punching.
Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the fiber composite layer is impregnated or impregnated with a binder before joining the layers of thermoplastic polymer with the fiber composite layer or that a coating is applied. By impregnation with binder, an improved connection between the fiber composite layer and layers can be made possible. By applying a stroke, an improved printability of the fiber composite layer can be made possible before the application and bonding of the layers to the fiber composite layer.
Furthermore, in the production of a multi-layer composite it can be provided that at least the region of the fiber composite layer covered by the printed image is at least partially soaked with a potting compound for the area-wise change of the opacity of the fiber composite layer and at least one see-through feature is formed. By such a local or partial impregnation of the fiber composite layer by means of a potting compound, an individual embodiment of a see-through feature can be created, which is diverse in structure and structure, shape or geometry and can be adapted to the printed image. By impregnating the potting compound, the scattering property of fibers of the fiber composite layer is reduced and / or eliminated, so that thereby the degree of transparency is adjustable and the applied to the fiber composite layer printed image at least in the transmitted light, advantageously in incident light, visible.
Furthermore, a filler is applied or introduced onto and / or into the fiber composite layer in the regions which are not supposed to be transparent, so that there is an increased transparency of the fiber composite layer in this region. Kaolin, titanium dioxide, calcium carbonate and the like may be used as fillers, for example, in particular in order to achieve full surface filling.
Preferably, before impregnating the fiber composite layer and introducing the potting compound into the fiber composite layer, it is thinned out in at least that region. Subsequently, the printed image is applied to this thinned area, for example from the data side, and subsequently the potting compound is applied to the front page so that it can penetrate into the fiber composite layer. Thereby, the thickness of the fiber composite layer and thus the amount of potting compound to be introduced to achieve a see-through effect can be reduced.
The application of the potting compound in the fiber composite layer can be applied with a printing technology, in particular an inkjet technology. As a result, both fine structures and larger areas of the fiber composite layer can be soaked. Furthermore, all printing methods of high, low, low and high pressure can be used. Preferably, a screen printing, a flexographic printing, a doctor blade, a roll coating or the like is used.
The object underlying the invention is further solved by a value and / or security document, which comprises a multi-layer composite according to one of the embodiments described above.
The invention and further advantageous embodiments and developments thereof are described in more detail below with reference to the examples shown in the drawings and explained. The features to be taken from the description and the drawings can be applied individually according to the invention individually or in combination in any combination. Show it:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a multi-layer composite of a security and / or value document;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic sectional view of the multilayer composite according to FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the multilayer composite according to FIG. 1 during a manipulation,
FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of a printing area with connecting webs associated with a printed image,
FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of an alternative embodiment to FIG. 4.
FIG. 1 schematically shows a view of a multilayer composite 11. This multi-layer composite 11 can be designed, for example, as a data card, in particular as a passport or bank card. Alternatively, this multilayer composite can also be designed as an insert sheet with a tab.
FIG. 2 shows a schematic sectional view of the structure of the multi-layer composite 11. This comprises at least one fiber composite layer 12, which forms a core layer. At least one layer 14, 15 of thermoplastic polymer is provided on each side of this fiber composite layer 12 and connected to the fiber composite layer 12. On a data page 16, which is shown in FIG. 1, a personalization area may be provided in which, for example, the name 18 of the owner as well as a print image 19 are applied or printed in a printing area 20. Furthermore, further security features such as, for example, a tilting image 21 or holograms can be applied to or in the layer 14, and / or guilloching 22. In addition, a further data field 23 can be provided for introducing a number of a company identification or the like.
The data page 16 opposite the title page 17 is provided, which may also be provided with security features. For example, a hologram strip and / or a secondary image or other security features may be provided.
The fiber composite layer 12 may consist of a random arrangement of fibers of natural and / or synthetic fibers such as a flat fiber bundle, a fiber network, a flat fiber array. Preferably, a felt, a nonwoven, a paper or cellulose-containing layer is provided. Alternatively, the fiber composite layer may also consist of a woven, knitted, knitted, braided, stitchbonded or textile fabric. Preferably, the fiber composite layer consists of a random fiber substrate, which may advantageously be impregnated with a solvent or binder. In this case, preference is given to using an organic binder which is a polycarbonate derivative.
The layer of thermoplastic polymer is preferably selected from the group consisting of PC (polycarbonate), PET (polyethylene glycol terephthalate), PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate), TPU (thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer), PE (polyethylene), PP (propylene), PI (polyimide) or Polytrans-isoprene, PVC (polyvinyl chloride), polystyrene, polyacrylate, methacrylate, vinyl esters, ABS and copolymers of such polymers.
The fiber composite layer 12 comprises perforation holes 26 that extend completely through the thickness of the fiber composite layer 12. These perforation holes 26 may be arranged at regular intervals or irregularly to each other or form certain patterns or structures and be provided in the fiber composite layer 12. Preferably, all perforation holes 26 have the same diameter.
By laminating the layers 14, 15 to the fiber composite layer 12, connecting webs 27 are formed in the perforation holes 26 through the layers 14, 15, by means of which the layers 14, 15 are connected to one another. Furthermore, it can be provided that the layers 14, 15 are bonded to the fiber composite layer 12 and also form a material connection between the upper and lower layers 14, 15 via the connecting webs 27.
Before joining the layer 14, 15 to the fiber composite layer 12, a complete impregnation of the fiber composite layer 12 with a potting compound 33 can take place in the pressure region 20 arranged in the printed image 19 so that the region of the fiber composite layer 12 adjacent to the pressure region 20 both with respect to the planar direction of extent as well as in terms of thickness is completely soaked. As a result, such a printed image 19 is visible in incident light, in particular when the layer 17 is transparent. Alternatively, an impregnation of the fiber composite layer 12 with the potting compound 33 can take place in adjacent regions or intermediate regions between the geometric shapes or lines. Alternatively, the saturation can image the lines of the printed image 19, in turn, to create a transparency feature.
The potting compound 33 can be output by a printing technology, in particular inkjet technology, targeted from a printhead.
The potting compound 33 is preferably made of crosslinking clear acrylates or polyurethanes. As potting compound 33, all clear potting compounds and adhesives can be used, which have a low viscosity at a processing temperature. The potting compound 33 consists in particular of PEtg. As an alternative to potting compound 33, a hotmelt adhesive patch (for example punched part made of clear PETG or transparent PC) can also be applied and heated under pressure and thus impregnated with this melt.
Depending on the proportion of the potting compound 33 within the fiber composite layer 12 with respect to the thickness of the fiber composite layer 12, the transparency of the fiber composite layer 12 may be adjustable to provide smooth transitions from opacity of the fiber composite layer 12 to a semi-transparent region or to a transparent region and can be adjusted.
In addition, a flower or coat of arms is shown as a print image 19 in FIG. In the printing area 20 of the print image 19 designed as a coat of arms, the fiber composite layer 12 can be thinned out. After the thinning of the printing area 20, for example, the coat of arms is printed. Subsequently, according to this illustrated embodiment, an introduction of the potting compound 33 is made to the effect that it reflects the line of the coat of arms. Consequently, a line-shaped impregnation is made possible at least in partial areas of the coat of arms, wherein in areas in which lines are close together, a sheet-like impregnation can result.
In the embodiment of the multi-layer composite 11 as a data carrier, such as an identity card or an access card in ID3 format, it is preferably provided that the outer layers 14, 15 form a circumferential closed edge, so that the fiber composite layer 12 completely enclosed and the peripheral edge through the lamination of the two layers 14, 15 is formed directly to each other.
If the multi-layer composite 11 is formed as an insert sheet for a book-like value and / or security document, the data page 16 is followed by a tab which is formed by the fiber composite layer 12 with one or both layers 14, 15 or by at least one layer 14, 15 can be. Alternatively, a strip-shaped tab can also be inserted between the two layers 14, 15 and adjoin the fiber composite layer 12 in the region of the data side 16.
FIG. 3 shows a perspective view of the multilayer structure 11 according to FIGS. 1 and 2, in which a manipulation is carried out in which the upper layer 14 is to be removed from the fiber composite layer 12 by peeling or splitting off. In this case, targeted break points 29 are generated in the peeled layer 14, which form the break point 29 in the layer 14, for example, as holes with an uncontrolled border. By a defined predetermined breaking point 31 in the transition region between the connecting web 27 and the layer 14, 15 a maximum damage during peeling of the layer 14, 15 is generated.
This defined break point 31 is achieved by selecting an aspect ratio between the diameter of the perforation hole 26 or of the connecting web 27 and the thickness of the layer 14, 15. Preferably, the layer thickness of the layer 14, 15 carries 0.5 to 1.5 times the diameter of the connecting web 27 and the perforation 26th Furthermore, this defined predetermined breaking point 31 by the aspect ratio between the thickness of the fiber composite layer 12 and the diameter of the perforation 26 be favored. The diameter of the perforation hole 26 is at least 0.5 times the thickness of the fiber composite layer 12.
FIG. 3 shows, by way of example, the pressure region 20 of the multilayer structure 11. To further secure security-relevant areas such as the print image 19, perforation holes 26 may be provided as a border of the print image 19, so that when attempting to detach the print image 19, the entire edge region of the print image 19 has uncontrolled break points.
FIG. 4 shows an alternative embodiment to FIG. In this embodiment, for example, it is provided that in the entire printing area 19 perforation holes 26 are formed, in which after connecting the layers 12, 14, 15 formed by fiber bonding webs 27 by lamination and / or gluing.
Furthermore, it can alternatively be provided that, to connect the upper and lower layers 14, 15, the fiber composite layer 12 is impregnated with an adhesion promoter and the layers 14, 15 are joined together and form connecting webs 27 of the fiber composite layer 12. The use of an adhesion promoter has the advantage that the layers 14, 15 may also differ from each other and yet a positive connection between the upper and lower layers 14, 15 can be created.
In the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, the impregnation of the fiber composite layer 12 may be provided both inside and outside the printed image 19 or within the entire printing region 20.
It is understood that the layer 14, 15 may also be formed by two or more layers.

11. Multi-layer composite

12. fiber composite layer

13. Datasheet

14th shift

15th shift

16. Data page

17th title page

18. Name

19. Print image

20. Pressure range

21. Tipping picture

22. Guilloche

23. Data field

26. perforation holes

27. Connecting webs

29th break point

31. Predetermined breaking point

33. Potting compound

Claims

Multi-layer composite for a security and / or value document which comprises at least one data sheet (13) with a data page (16) and a title page (17), with at least one fiber composite layer (12) and at least one on the data page (16) and title page (17) of the fiber composite layer (12) applied layers (14, 15) of thermoplastic polymer, wherein the fiber composite layer (12) Perforationslöcher (26), in which when connecting the fiber composite layer (12) with the layers (14, 15) connecting webs ( 27) are formed, characterized in that the thickness of the layer (14, 15) is 0.5 to 1.5 times the diameter or the minimum width of the at least one perforation hole (26) or the diameter or the minimum width of the at least a connecting web (27) in the fiber composite layer (12) corresponds.
Multi-layer structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter or the minimum width of the perforation holes (26) is at least 0.5 times the thickness of the fiber composite layer (12), in particular 1 to 4 times the thickness of the fiber composite layer (12) ,
Multilayer structure according to Claim 1, characterized in that the perforation holes (29) have a round, angular, oval, linear or strip-shaped geometry.
Multi-layer composite according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforation holes (26) are of equal size in diameter or their geometry.
Multi-layer composite according to claim 1, characterized in that the fiber composite layer (12) consists of a random fiber substrate, which is made of natural and / or synthetic fibers.
Multi-layer composite according to claim 1, characterized in that the layer (14, 15) is selected from the group consisting of polycarbonate, polyethylene glycol terephthalate, polymethyl methacrylate, thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer, polyethylene, in particular PET-G, polypropylene, polyimide or poly-trans-isoprene -, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyacrylate and methacrylate, vinyl esters, ABS and copolymers of such polymers.
Multi-layer composite according to claim 1, characterized in that the perforation holes (26) in the fiber composite layer (12) on a on the fiber composite layer (12) applied printed image (19) adjacent and / or within the printed image (19) are provided.
Multi-layer composite according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fiber composite layer (12) at least partially soaked to change the opacity of the fiber composite layer (12) with a potting compound (33).
Multi-layer composite according to claim 8, characterized in that by the proportion of locally in the fiber composite layer (12) applied potting compound (33), the opacity of the fiber composite layer (12) up to the transparency of the fiber composite layer (12) is variable.
Multi-layer composite according to claim 8, characterized in that the fiber composite layer (12) is impregnated with a transparent potting compound (33) and the fibers of the fiber composite layer (12) have a refractive index which is approximately equal to or identical to the refractive index of the potting compound (33).
Multi-layer composite according to claim 8, characterized in that at least the region covered by the printed image (19) or adjacent region of the fiber composite layer (12) at least partially in the planar direction of extension of the data sheet (13) and completely over the thickness of the fiber composite layer (12) Potting compound (33) is soaked.
Multi-layer composite according to claim 8, characterized in that the potting compound (33) consists of a thermoplastic polymer or a crystal-clear crosslinked polymer, for example acrylate or polyurethane.
Multi-layer composite according to claim 8, characterized in that the potting compound (33) contains materials from the group consisting of color pigments, effect pigments, optically variable pigments and / or luminescent substances or pigments or fluorescent substances or pigments.
Method for producing a multilayer structure (11) for a security and / or value document, which comprises at least one data sheet (13) with a data page (16) and title page (17)

- In which in a fiber composite layer (12) perforation holes (26) are introduced, which penetrate the fiber composite layer (12),

in which a printed image (19) is applied to the fiber composite layer (12) within a printing area (20),

in which at least one layer (14, 15) is fed and stacked on a data page (16) and a front page (17) of the fiber composite layer (12),

in which the layers (14, 15) and the fiber composite layer (12) are laminated or glued and in the perforation holes (26) connecting webs (27) are formed, characterized in that the diameter or the minimum width of the perforation holes (26) in the thickness of the layer (14, 15) is 0.5 to 1.5 times the diameter or the minimum width of the at least one perforation hole (12). 26).
A method according to claim 14, characterized in that the perforation holes (26) are introduced by means of laser processing or by punching.
A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the fiber composite layer (12) is impregnated with a binder or a coating is applied to the fiber composite layer (12).
A method according to claim 17, characterized in that at least the area of the fiber composite layer (12) covered by the printed image (19) is impregnated at least in areas with a potting compound (33) for locally changing an opacity of the fiber composite layer (12) and a see-through feature is formed.
A method according to claim 17, characterized in that on the fiber composite layer (12) a filler, in particular kaolin, titanium dioxide, calcium carbonate, is applied.
A method according to claim 17, characterized in that prior to impregnation of the fiber composite layer (12) with the potting compound (33) the fiber composite layer (12) in the printing area (20) in the thickness, in particular by pressing the fiber composite layer (12) is reduced.
A method according to claim 17, characterized in that the potting compound (33) with a printing technology, in particular an inkjet technology, is applied to the fiber composite layer (12).
Value and / or security document with at least one multi-layer composite (11), characterized in that the multi-layer composite (11) is constructed according to one of claims 1 to 13.