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EP3109020A1 - Dispositif de coupe pour briques non cuites et procédé de fabrication de briques cuites moulées à la main, telles que des bandes de pierre - Google Patents

Dispositif de coupe pour briques non cuites et procédé de fabrication de briques cuites moulées à la main, telles que des bandes de pierre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3109020A1
EP3109020A1 EP16175777.8A EP16175777A EP3109020A1 EP 3109020 A1 EP3109020 A1 EP 3109020A1 EP 16175777 A EP16175777 A EP 16175777A EP 3109020 A1 EP3109020 A1 EP 3109020A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hand
wire
cutting device
cutting
brick
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16175777.8A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3109020B1 (fr
Inventor
François ASSELBERGHS
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wienerberger NV
Original Assignee
Wienerberger NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wienerberger NV filed Critical Wienerberger NV
Publication of EP3109020A1 publication Critical patent/EP3109020A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3109020B1 publication Critical patent/EP3109020B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
    • B28B11/14—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for dividing shaped articles by cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/547—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a wire-like cutting member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/08—Means for actuating the cutting member to effect the cut
    • B26D5/086—Electric, magnetic, piezoelectric, electro-magnetic means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a cutting device for cutting unfired bricks.
  • the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing hand-moulded fired bricks, such as for example stone strips.
  • Stone strips are mainly used for renovations, in which case the external insulation is installed and the façade is then finished with stone strips in order to give the façade the appearance of a classic façade made of bricks.
  • such stone strips are usually made by sawing strips from one or from both sides of bricks. Also, strips of two sides adjoining each other at an angle are sawn off in this way to manufacture a corner stone strip.
  • the stone strips have to be made from fired bricks.
  • the bricks from which the stone strips are sawn are firstly packaged after firing and then taken to the sawmill. There, they are unpacked again and manually arranged on the sawing machine. Subsequently, these bricks are sawn into stone strips and the resulting stone strips are repackaged.
  • FR 3 007 683 describes a method to be able to produce two stone strips from one single brick, of which only one side was originally suitable to be the visible side, by giving a stone strip sawed off on the opposite side of the visible side of a brick an additional treatment in order to make it suitable as a visible side.
  • hand-moulded fired brick stone strips are not manufactured directly, due to the fact that, on the one hand, because of the limited thickness of stone strips, it is not possible to produce hand-moulded stone strips directly in moulds.
  • directly manufacturing stone strips requires too large an investment to change over the manufacturing equipment for the proportion of stone strips to be manufactured compared to the proportion of bricks to be manufactured.
  • a wire cutting device for cutting unfired bricks comprising a wire for cutting these unfired bricks, tensioning means for keeping this wire tensioned between two ends, two wire holders for holding the wire between these ends, away from a straight line between these ends and at an intermediate distance from each other, damping means for resiliently mounting these wire holders on the cutting device, displacement means for moving the wire downwards through a horizontal unfired brick and control means for controlling this movement.
  • a cutting device may also be used to cut stone strips from other types of bricks.
  • This cutting device may also be used, for example, to manufacture half bricks by cutting bricks in two in the unfired state.
  • the half bricks are produced by sawing a solid brick in two at the building site or at a manufacturing plant for prefab walls.
  • a cutting device according to the present invention By cutting the bricks almost completely with a cutting device according to the present invention, these can be treated as standard bricks during the manufacturing process and can simply be divided into two halves after firing at the building site or at a manufacturing plant for prefab walls, for example by simply tapping these bricks with a trowel.
  • the cutting depth is then preferably determined in such a way that the combination of the two halves remains a unit during handling in the factory, but that it is as easy as possible to separate them at the building site.
  • Said cutting device can easily be introduced in an existing line for manufacturing hand-moulded bricks, after the hand-moulded bricks have been formed in the moulds and have been demoulded. In this way, it also becomes possible to make these stone strips from the same batch of clay as, for example, solid bricks or bricks of different sizes. This offers a significant advantage with regard to renovations, in which bricks of different sizes having the same appearance are desired in order, on the one hand, to build new walls and, on the other hand, clad existing walls.
  • hand-moulded bricks can also be cut up, despite the arcuate shape of the drying slats on which the hand-moulded bricks are placed to dry.
  • this cutting device it is also possible to manufacture stone strips of larger sizes than is possible with the known production methods for manufacturing stone strips from hand-moulded bricks.
  • stone strips which are produced by means of this cutting device may be thinner than stone strips which are sawn from hand-moulded bricks in the fired state.
  • a hand-moulded brick could also be made smaller, so that only two stone strips can be cut from it, without loss of material.
  • such a cutting device furthermore also comprises a support element to keep the wire between the wire holders.
  • a cutting device of this kind preferably also comprises damping means for resiliently mounting this support element on the cutting device.
  • this support element is arranged in line with the wire holders, it is readily possible to ensure, in case of larger sized bricks and brick portions to be cut therefrom, such as for example stone strips, that the brick is cut through along the entire length.
  • Such a support element can also advantageously be used with certain materials for producing bricks.
  • wire holders and the support element are arranged in a triangle, it is also possible to manufacture corner stone strips by using a cutting device according to the present invention.
  • a straight line which extends through the first wire holder and the support element, at the location where these hold the wire is then preferably at right angles to the straight line which extends through the support element and the second wire holder, at the location where these hold the wire.
  • damping means of a cutting device are configured to ensure the wire is damped by means of the wire holders and the optional support element, with damping taking place in a direction at right angles to a straight line between the ends of this wire.
  • damping means may, more specifically, comprise at least one spring.
  • damping means are preferably chosen as a function of the clay mass to be cut.
  • the wire of a cutting device according to the present invention is preferably made from hardened steel. Other materials, such as for example plastic, could also be suitable.
  • Such a wire preferably has a diameter of between 0.1 mm and 1 mm and more preferably a diameter of approximately 0.35 mm. This diameter is preferably chosen as a function of the clay mass to be cut.
  • a cutting device comprises a fixing element for retaining at least a part of a brick to be cut during cutting thereof.
  • This fixing element is able to securely hold this part during the cutting process, so that it remains in the desired position with greater certainty and the dimensions of this part remain correct.
  • Such a fixing element may be used, for example, when a brick is cut in half, to retain a half brick or when a stone strip is cut from a brick, to retain this stone strip.
  • the object of the invention is furthermore also achieved by providing a method for manufacturing bricks, such as stone strips, comprising producing a hand-moulded brick from clay or the like in a mould, wherein the hand-moulded brick is placed on a surface after demoulding and is at least partly cut by means of a wire which is moved downwards through the hand-moulded brick, prior to the clay or the like of this stone strip being fired, wherein the downward movement is damped.
  • a method for manufacturing bricks, such as stone strips comprising producing a hand-moulded brick from clay or the like in a mould, wherein the hand-moulded brick is placed on a surface after demoulding and is at least partly cut by means of a wire which is moved downwards through the hand-moulded brick, prior to the clay or the like of this stone strip being fired, wherein the downward movement is damped.
  • the hand-moulded brick is preferably cut by means of an above-described cutting device according to the present invention.
  • the wire of the cutting device is initially moved relatively quickly during the cutting of the hand-moulded brick and then relatively slowly.
  • water may be added at the location of the wire for cutting the hand-moulded brick, in order to limit sticking of the clay or the like to this wire in this way.
  • the wire may be heated to cut the hand-moulded brick. Due to the fact that the unfired hand-moulded brick comprises such a large percentage of moisture, this heat will create steam around the wire during cutting which helps to limit sticking of the clay or the like to this wire. Preferably, the wire is heated to this end to between 200 °C and 300 °C.
  • a stone strip is cut from the hand-moulded brick before the clay or the like of this stone strip is fired.
  • the stone strip is cut from the hand-moulded brick prior to the clay or the like of this stone strip being dried, since the excess material can then be recovered virtually directly and with the least energy loss in the manufacturing process for producing the hand-moulded bricks.
  • the excess clay or the like of the hand-moulded brick which remains next to the stone strip after the stone strip has been cut from the hand-moulded brick is sucked off by means of a suction device:
  • the excess clay or the like could also be removed by blowing it away by means of a blowing device. This may likewise be carried out before or after drying of the stone strip, with the same advantages and drawbacks.
  • a suction nozzle of the suction device in order to suck up the excess material using the suction device, can be moved to the excess clay or the like of the hand-moulded brick before cutting the stone strip from the hand-moulded brick, after which a vacuum is applied to this suction nozzle, after which the stone strip is cut from the hand-moulded brick, after which a greater vacuum is applied to the suction nozzle and after which the suction nozzle is moved away from the stone strip in order to remove this excess clay or the like.
  • an excess pressure is then applied to the suction nozzle in order to push the material out again.
  • the suction nozzle for removing the excess clay or the like is preferably moved away from the stone strip at the same time as the wire after the stone strip has been cut from the hand-moulded brick.
  • a corner stone strip is cut as a stone strip by means of an above-described cutting device according to the present invention, with wire holders and a support element being arranged in a triangle.
  • this corner stone strip is then preferably placed with its comer facing down before firing. Both legs of this corner stone strip are in this case turned upwards.
  • the first cutting device (1) illustrated in Figs 1 , 2 , 4 and 5 is configured to cut two straight stone strips (14) from an unfired brick (10).
  • two steel wires (2) are each attached and tensioned at their ends by means of two springs (3) in this first illustrated cutting device (1).
  • Each wire (2) is kept at a distance from these springs (3) at a certain distance below these springs (3) between its ends by means of two wire holders (4, 6).
  • These wires (2) are arranged virtually parallel to each other at a distance apart.
  • a support element (8) may be provided between the wire holders (4, 6) in such an embodiment for cutting straight stone strips (14) which is arranged in line with the wire holders (4, 6) to keep the wire (2) between both wire holders (4, 6) in a straight line.
  • the second cutting device illustrated in Figs 7 , 8 , 10 and 11 is configured to cut a corner stone strip (14) from an unfired brick (10).
  • a steel wire (2) is attached and tensioned by means of two springs (3) at its ends.
  • this wire (2) is kept at a distance from these springs (3) at a certain distance below these springs (3) between its ends.
  • the wire (2) is held between the wire holders (4, 6) at an angle by means of a support element (8), in such a way that a straight line which extends through the first wire holder (4) and the support element (8), at the location where these hold the wire (2), is virtually at right angles to the straight line which extends through the support element (8) and the second wire holder (6), at the location where these hold the wire (2).
  • the wire holders (4, 6) and the support element (8) of the illustrated embodiments are hydraulically damped and the wire holders (4, 6) are mounted resiliently on the cutting device (1) by means of springs (5).
  • the steel wire (2) is made from hardened steel and has a diameter of approximately 0.35 mm.
  • the wires (2) have been shown thicker in order to make the figures clearer.
  • Each of the cutting devices (1) comprise a linear motor (13) which is displaceably mounted on a frame (12) in order to move the framework (15) with the springs (3) mounted thereon, the wire holders (4, 6), the optional support element (8), the damping means (5) and the wire (2).
  • the cutting device (1) furthermore comprises a fixing element (9) for retaining stone strips (14) to be cut during cutting thereof.
  • a hand-moulded brick (10) may be formed out of clay in a mould and demoulded. This hand-moulded brick (10) is placed on a drying board (11) and passed underneath the cutting device (1).
  • the fixing element (9) is moved as far as up to the stone strip (14) or stone strips (14) to be cut, as can be seen in Figs 4 , 5 , 10 and 11 .
  • a suction nozzle of a suction device (not shown) is moved to the excess clay of the hand-moulded brick (10) which remains next to the stone strip (14) after the stone strip (14) has been cut from the hand-moulded brick (10). A vacuum is applied to this suction nozzle.
  • the wire (2) is (or the wires (2) are) moved down by means of the linear motor (13) which moves the framework (15) in order to cut the hand-moulded brick (10) and thus cut the stone strip (14) or stone strips (14) from the hand-moulded brick (10), as can be seen in Figs 4 , 5 , 10 and 11 .
  • the linear motor (13) initially drives the wire (2)/wires (2) quickly and slower for the last few centimetres, to end on the drying board (11), with the movement being slowed down by means of the springs (5) and hydraulically.
  • the wire (2) is thus initially moved more quickly and then more slowly, until it has completely cut through the hand-moulded brick (10) and the stone strip (14) or stone strips (14) has/have been formed. A still greater vacuum is then applied to the suction nozzle, so that the excess of clay partly ends up in the suction nozzle. Thereafter, both the suction nozzle and the wire (2) are moved upwards simultaneously. While the stone strip (14) is taken further on the drying board (11), the suction nozzle is moved further horizontally until it is situated above a conveyor belt and the vacuum in the suction nozzle is switched to overpressure to push the excess of clay out of the suction nozzle and carry it away using the conveyor belt. The pressure is then switched off and the suction nozzle is returned to an initial position.
  • a subsequent formed hand-moulded brick (10) may have been positioned under the cutting device (1) by means of the drying board (11), in which case the abovementioned process is repeated.
  • successive stone strips (14) may be cut from hand-moulded bricks (10) by means of the illustrated cutting devices (1) in a continuous process.
  • corner stone strips (14) which have been sawn from hand-moulded bricks (10) by means of the second illustrated cutting device (1) after they have been dried, they are preferably placed with their corner facing downwards before firing. In this case, both legs of these corner stone strips (14) are turned upwards.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Processing Of Stones Or Stones Resemblance Materials (AREA)
EP16175777.8A 2015-06-22 2016-06-22 Dispositif de coupe pour briques non cuites et procédé de fabrication de briques cuites moulées à la main, telles que des bandes de pierre Not-in-force EP3109020B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE2015/5376A BE1023014B1 (nl) 2015-06-22 2015-06-22 Snijdinrichting voor het snijden van ongebakken bakstenen en werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van handvormbakstenen, zoals steenstrippen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3109020A1 true EP3109020A1 (fr) 2016-12-28
EP3109020B1 EP3109020B1 (fr) 2019-04-24

Family

ID=54198893

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16175777.8A Not-in-force EP3109020B1 (fr) 2015-06-22 2016-06-22 Dispositif de coupe pour briques non cuites et procédé de fabrication de briques cuites moulées à la main, telles que des bandes de pierre

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3109020B1 (fr)
BE (1) BE1023014B1 (fr)
DK (1) DK3109020T3 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108943341A (zh) * 2018-09-28 2018-12-07 大连范特西西科技有限公司 一种高效压砖机及方法
CN112297202A (zh) * 2020-10-19 2021-02-02 开封市玖通自动化设备有限公司 一种制砖切条机
CN112590359A (zh) * 2020-12-29 2021-04-02 孙振生 一种侧裁式人造石英石板剥纸装置

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL121246C (fr) *
DE639024C (de) * 1935-03-07 1936-11-27 Martini Jun Fa H Abschneidevorrichtung fuer Hohlblocksteine
JPS5318885A (en) * 1976-08-06 1978-02-21 Kobe Steel Ltd Method and apparatus for cutting viscoelastic material
EP0514366A1 (fr) * 1991-05-14 1992-11-19 LEITL SPANNTON GESELLSCHAFT mbH Elément de construction céramique, procédé et dispositif pour sa fabrication
GB2485540A (en) 2010-11-16 2012-05-23 Ibstock Brick Ltd Brick with multiple frog formations for aiding in forming brick slips or return slips.
CN203045959U (zh) * 2013-01-31 2013-07-10 武汉半岛重工股份有限公司 加气混凝土外挂式切割机组
WO2013186566A1 (fr) 2012-06-14 2013-12-19 Bathgate Slate Technologies Limited Produit
FR3007683A1 (fr) 2013-06-27 2015-01-02 Wienerberger Tribofinition pour plaquette
EP2826608A1 (fr) 2013-07-18 2015-01-21 Vanleema B.V. Procédé de moulage de matière pâteuse et moule pour matière pâteuse

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4646598A (en) * 1984-10-22 1987-03-03 Lineberry Cletus E Brick cutting and handling apparatus having movable wire bank cutter assembly
NL8700271A (nl) * 1987-02-04 1988-09-01 Durox Gasbeton Bv Werkwijze en inrichting voor het snijden van gasbeton.

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL121246C (fr) *
DE639024C (de) * 1935-03-07 1936-11-27 Martini Jun Fa H Abschneidevorrichtung fuer Hohlblocksteine
JPS5318885A (en) * 1976-08-06 1978-02-21 Kobe Steel Ltd Method and apparatus for cutting viscoelastic material
EP0514366A1 (fr) * 1991-05-14 1992-11-19 LEITL SPANNTON GESELLSCHAFT mbH Elément de construction céramique, procédé et dispositif pour sa fabrication
GB2485540A (en) 2010-11-16 2012-05-23 Ibstock Brick Ltd Brick with multiple frog formations for aiding in forming brick slips or return slips.
WO2013186566A1 (fr) 2012-06-14 2013-12-19 Bathgate Slate Technologies Limited Produit
CN203045959U (zh) * 2013-01-31 2013-07-10 武汉半岛重工股份有限公司 加气混凝土外挂式切割机组
FR3007683A1 (fr) 2013-06-27 2015-01-02 Wienerberger Tribofinition pour plaquette
EP2826608A1 (fr) 2013-07-18 2015-01-21 Vanleema B.V. Procédé de moulage de matière pâteuse et moule pour matière pâteuse

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108943341A (zh) * 2018-09-28 2018-12-07 大连范特西西科技有限公司 一种高效压砖机及方法
CN108943341B (zh) * 2018-09-28 2023-11-07 大连范特西西科技有限公司 一种高效压砖机及方法
CN112297202A (zh) * 2020-10-19 2021-02-02 开封市玖通自动化设备有限公司 一种制砖切条机
CN112590359A (zh) * 2020-12-29 2021-04-02 孙振生 一种侧裁式人造石英石板剥纸装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3109020B1 (fr) 2019-04-24
BE1023014B1 (nl) 2016-11-04
DK3109020T3 (da) 2019-06-24

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