EP3058120B1 - Clothing carrier - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a clothing carrier for flexible or semi-rigid trimmings.
Flexible and semi-rigid trimmings are used in various areas of textile fiber processing. A flexible or semi-rigid set consists essentially of a clothing carrier and the clothing tips. The clothing tips are formed by wire hooks which are U-shaped. The wire tokens are pierced in a so-called setting process at certain intervals and arrangements through the clothing carrier, the ends of which protrude from the clothing carrier and form the clothing tips. The number of clothing tips per unit area is referred to as peak density. The wire tokens are held in the clothing carrier and have a certain flexibility, depending on their shape and length and the nature of the clothing carrier. Semi-rigid trimmings have the stronger wire hooks than the flexible trimmings. Also, the clothing carrier is stronger in semi-rigid sets, designed in terms of lower flexibility, as in flexible sets.

Various designs of clothing carriers are known from the prior art, which are usually carried out in multiple layers. The DE 10 2006 016 832 discloses a clothing carrier of at least two layers, a backsheet and a topsheet. In the lower layer the wire hooks are anchored. The cover layer, however, allows undisturbed swinging of the wire hooks, which is particularly important in an application in the carding. The underlayer is formed of a nonwoven fabric, wherein the material of the nonwoven fabric is different from the material of the cover layer.
The CH 636 134 discloses a clothing carrier consisting of a base body with embedded reinforcing inserts. The main body is made of an elastic plastic and the reinforcing inserts made of fabric or fabric layers.

In the DE 74 14 314 For example, a known embodiment of clothing carriers consisting of a plurality of fabric layers is improved in that at least one layer of a nonwoven fabric is inserted.

The CH 704 412 discloses a clothing carrier which consists of a nonwoven fabric made from a particular blend of different fiber types. In particular, shrink fibers are used, which in the case of a thermal treatment in the production process lead to a solidification of the nonwoven.

The GB 2 142 572 A discloses a multi-layer clothing carrier whose surface is provided with a PUR layer, which contributes to the improvement of the permanently elastic properties of the clothing carrier.

All known from the prior art clothing carrier have the disadvantage that they are composed of several layers or consist of a certain mixture of different fibers, wherein the different layers or the different fibers must be connected to each other. The necessity of a layered structure or the use of different materials in a fleece for a clothing carrier appears imperative that on the one hand a strong anchoring of the wire hooks in the clothing carrier and on the other hand a certain mobility of the clothing tips and their seat must be guaranteed in the clothing carrier. A disadvantage of clothing carriers according to the prior art are also relatively weak restoring forces, which bring the clothing tips after a deflection in each case in the original position. This is also due to the fact that known clothing wearer after a short time and thereby have the clothing tips in the clothing carrier too much game. This leads to the so-called tearing of the clothing.

The invention has for its object to provide a clothing carrier, which has a simple structure and a necessary for the anchoring of wire tokets strength and still allows the necessary mobility of the wire tokens.

The object is solved by the features in the characterizing part of the independent claims.

To solve the problem, a clothing carrier for flexible or semi-rigid sets is proposed, which is a screened by needle punched paneled random web, said the random web is formed of polyester (PES) fibers or polyamide (PA) fibers and impregnated with a polymer.

A random web is to be understood as meaning a textile fabric made of fibers or filaments which results from the loose juxtaposition and stacking of disordered fibers or filaments. There is no difference in the present invention between the use of staple fibers and continuous filaments. A fleece may consist of longitudinal, longitudinal and transverse, transverse fibers or filaments or of a complete random orientation, wherein in a random orientation the fleece is referred to as a random fleece. If the fibers or filaments are designed in one direction, this is called a unidirectional nonwoven.

In order to obtain the characteristics essential for a clothing carrier, polyester (PES) fibers or polyamide (PA) fibers have proven to be suitable for random web formation. Preferably, the fibers are used as staple fibers having a staple length of 30 mm to 80 mm and a fiber fineness of 1.0 dtex to 5.0 dtex. The specific strength is 25 cN / tex to 60 cN / tex. Alternatively, continuous filaments having the same fiber denier and strength can be used.

Preferably, the random web is made of polyamide fibers. Polyamide fibers have a higher moisture absorption capacity compared to polyester fibers, which is also expressed in a higher wettability. This achieves increased adhesion of the polymer used in the impregnation to the individual fiber. Also, the polyamide fiber shows a higher recovery after mechanical stress than the polyester fiber. This means that after a mechanical load, the polyamide fiber returns to its original state rather than the polyester fiber. These mechanical restoring forces lead in the present application to an increased service life of the clothing wearer.

As known from the prior art, the fibers used to form the random web are laid on a band as a random nonwoven layer after the carding process and are then stacked on top of one another using a nonwoven cross-bar. By the Quertäfelung several random fleece layers is a paneled random web formed with preferential direction of the fibers in the transverse direction. Under the transverse direction is to be understood orthogonal to a running direction of the tape on which the random fleece layer is deposited. By the paneling (doubling), the desired basis weight of the random web portion of the clothing wearer is achieved. According to the invention, the random web is composed of at least 30-60 paneling, preferably of 40 paneling.

A paneled random fleece is held together only to a limited extent by itself. In order to improve this limited cohesion, the random web is subjected to a needling process, thereby achieving a web bonding. A needling can be carried out in one or more passages. Furthermore, it is possible to influence the fiber orientation in the nonwoven by deliberate warping (stretching) of the nonwoven before or after the needling process. As a result, defined force-elongation properties of the fleece can be adjusted in the longitudinal and transverse directions. By needling an increase in the density of the random web is effected, it is achieved up to 0.3 g / cm ³ .

After needling, the random mat is passed through calender rolls for the first time. Characterized thickness differences are compensated and set a defined thickness or density.

An important feature of a clothing wearer is the permanent elasticity. The clothing tips used later are claimed in such a way that the wire hooks move back and forth. To ensure that the wire hooks do not become loose in their fastening, the clothing carrier must have a high permanent elasticity. To increase the permanent elasticity of the clothing carrier is impregnated after the first calendering with a polymer.

In this case, the polymer, for example latex (acrylonitrile), is provided in the form of an aqueous dispersion. Preferably, the proportion of water is 50 to 70 percent, preferably less than 60 percent. The random web is dipped in this dispersion, whereby the random web absorbs the dispersion in its cavities. Subsequently, the random web is pressed by a second calendering for the removal of superfluous dispersion and stabilized and dried in a further step.

For stabilization, an infrared field is usually used, thereby preventing sedimentation of the polymer. The stabilization and drying of the random fleece can take place in a heated space through which the random fleece is transported. In this case, the random web can be guided on belts, rollers or other suitable means, for example, evacuated drums of a perforated drum dryer, through the heated space.

In a further embodiment, heated rolls can also be used to stabilize and dry the random web. The heating allows the creation of smooth surfaces, respectively, an adjustment of the surface texture of the clothing wearer.

The impregnation also results in an increase in density. With the help of the change of the polymer content in the aqueous dispersion, the stored amount of polymer in the clothing carrier can be determined. This has an effect on the elasticity and the density of the clothing carrier, densities of from 0.4 g / cm ³ to 0.5 g / cm ^{3 are} achieved. The polymer has a proportion of 20 to 60 percent of the weight of the impregnated random web.

Advantageously, the impregnated random nonwoven reaches a specific basis weight of more than 1,400 g / m ² . It has been found that impregnated random webs having a lower specific basis weight result in a reduction of the holding forces of the wire hooks pierced therein and thereby promote a more rapid emptying of the wire hooks. Preferably, the specific basis weight of the impregnated random mat is more than 1,600 g / m ² .

According to the invention, by means of lamination with a polyurethane (PUR) film, a structure compensation of at least one surface of the random fleece is provided. By laminating the PUR film is connected to the random web. In particular is the thermal lamination, in which under heat influence and under pressure, the PUR film is applied to the clothing carrier, for example by means of heated rollers. The PUR film used in this case has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, preferably PUR films are used with a thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm. This created by the film coating has the advantage that the surface of the clothing wearer is easy to clean and in use lead the lead past the clothing carrier fibers to less clinging. In addition, the PUR film contributes to the improvement of the permanently elastic properties of the clothing carrier. The applied to the random web PUR film increases the retention force of the random web with respect to the later used wire hooks.

By using heated rollers or belts in the thermal lamination, the PUR film is provided with a surface structure. By the pressure which the rollers resp. Bands on the PUR film exercise one on the rollers resp. Tapes existing structure transferred to the film.

Also, the fiber friction on a structured surface is much lower than on a smooth surface, this being because the actual contact area between a fiber and the surface of the clothing carrier is reduced by the structuring of the surface. Preferably, the surface of the PUR film has a wave-like structure. The wave-like structure is due to the heated rollers resp. Transfer tapes to the surface of the PUR film during lamination.

The surface of the PUR film preferably has a surface roughness Ra of 5 μm to 30 μm, more preferably 7 μm to 20 μm. The largest height difference Rz is more than 30 μm. The surface roughness Ra and Rz are to be determined using the stylus method according to the standard DIN EN ISO 4287 (Edition 1998). The stylus used for this purpose is determined by the standard EN ISO 3274 (Edition 1997) in its nominal properties.

It has been found that a structured surface or even an increased roughness of the surface compared to a smooth surface of the PUR film leads to a better sliding of the fibers on the surface and to a reduction of the adhesion of dirt. This also contributes to an improvement in the cleaning of the clothing carrier.

According to the invention, a powder coating for the structure compensation and adhesion increase is provided before laminating. The powder used is likewise polyester (Co-PES). The powder applied in very small amounts makes it possible to level out production-related unevennesses in the random web and leads to an improvement in the structure compensation to be achieved by laminating. In this case, the application of 25 g / m ² to 30 g / m ² powder of Co-PES has been found to be particularly suitable. The applied powder also serves as a bonding agent and contributes to a better connection between the random web and the PUR film. The powder preferably has a fineness of 200 μm to 500 μm.

In another embodiment, one or more nonwoven layers is introduced into the clothing carrier, which are designed as unidirectional nonwovens for influencing the flexibility. By incorporating a unidirectional layer, the clothing carrier becomes more rigid against mechanical stresses in directions parallel to the unidirectional direction. By an appropriate arrangement of the unidirectional layer, for example, the flexibility of the clothing tips in the direction of oscillation of the clothing tips can be influenced.

• Bildung eines getäfelten Wirrvlieses aus Polyester (PES)-Fasern oder Polyamid (PA)-Fasern
• Vernadelung des getäfelten Wirrvlieses
• Erste Kalandrierung nach der Vernadelung zur Einstellung der Dicke und Dichte des Wirrvlieses
• Imprägnierung des erstmalig kalandrierten Wirrvlieses
• Zweite Kalandrierung des imprägnierten Wirrvlieses zur Einstellung der Soll-Dicke des Wirrvlieses

The method for producing a clothing carrier for flexible or semi-rigid trimmings comprises, inter alia, the following steps:

• Formation of a paneled random mat of polyester (PES) fibers or polyamide (PA) fibers
• Needling of the paneled random fleece
• First calendering after needling to adjust the thickness and density of the random mat
• Impregnation of the first calendered random fleece
• Second calendering of the impregnated random fleece for setting the desired thickness of the random fleece

For impregnation, the random fleece is immersed in an aqueous solution of latex, whereby the random fleece is soaked with the impregnating agent. The excess amount of the aqueous solution is squeezed off by a subsequent second calendering and adjusted the final thickness of the random web.

The currently used clothing carrier have a thickness of 3 mm to 4 mm. However, other thicknesses of clothing carriers are possible.
The clothing carrier is used to make a flexible or semi-rigid garnish for processing textile fibers. In the manufacture of the clothing wire hooks are pricked through the clothing carrier in a setting process. The wire hooks form on the top of the clothing the clothing tips. During the setting process, the wire hooks are arranged in a distance corresponding to the later requirements of the clothing. The number of clothing peaks per surface is referred to as peak density. Due to mechanical conditions of the machines used in the production of trimmings the maximum achievable in a setting operation peak density is limited. A minimum distance between the wire hooks can not be undershot due to the wire geometry and the construction of the setting tools.

Figur 1

Schematische Darstellung eines Garniturträgers mit eingesetzter flexibler Garnitur nach dem Stand der Technik

Figur 2

Schematische Darstellung eines Garniturträgers nach der Erfindung

In the following the invention will be explained with reference to an exemplary embodiment and explained in more detail by drawings.

FIG. 1

Schematic representation of a clothing carrier with inserted flexible clothing according to the prior art

FIG. 2

Schematic representation of a clothing carrier according to the invention

In FIG. 1 a known clothing carrier 1 is shown with inserted flexible clothing 2. The clothing carrier 1 is composed of several woven textile layers 3, which are held together by binders or by vulcanization with rubber or synthetic rubber. In addition to the textile layers 3, a rubber layer 5 is present as a cover layer 5. The pierced through the clothing carrier 1 wire hook 4 are held in the multi-layer fabric 3. The wire hooks 4 are heavily stressed during operation and are anchored accordingly in the multi-layered clothing carrier 1. Flexible sets 2, as well as semi-rigid sets are usually made in strips with a certain width b and a thickness d and then used in so-called lids or mounted on rollers.

In FIG. 2 an embodiment of the clothing carrier according to the invention is shown schematically. The clothing carrier 1 is shown in the illustration as a single layer with a coating 12. The clothing carrier 1 is a paneled random web of PES fibers (10). The paneled random fleece was consolidated by needling and brought to a certain thickness by a first calendering. By a subsequent impregnation of the clothing carrier 1, a polymer 11 was introduced into the clothing carrier 1. By a final second calendering the thickness d is achieved. On the upper side of the clothing carrier 1, a coating 12 is applied over the entire width b by laminating with a PUR film. The upper side corresponds to the side on which later the wire hooks protrude and form the clothing. The applied coating 12 serves not only to improve the surface finish of the clothing carrier 1, so that the adhesion of dust and dirt can be reduced, but also to improve the permanently elastic properties of the clothing wearer.

The clothing carrier are usually produced as endless webs with a certain length and equipped by the setting process with wire hooks to form the clothing tips. After completion of the entire production process, the clothing carriers equipped with wire hooks are cut into ready-to-use strips of width b. The width b depends on the intended use between 15 mm and 150 mm.

Legend

1

clothing support

2

clothing tips

3

textile layer

4

wire hooks

5

topcoat

10

PES fiber or PA fiber

11

polymer

12

coating

d

Thickness of the clothing carrier

b

Width of the clothing carrier

Claims (7)

1. A clothing carrier (1) for flexible or semi-rigid clothings, characterized in that the clothing carrier (1) is a plaited random fiber sheet consolidated by needling (21), wherein the random fiber sheet is formed from a polyester (PES) or polyamide (PA) fiber (10) and is impregnated with a polymer (11), characterized in that by a lamination with a polyurethane (PUR) film (12) a structural compensation to equalize production-induced irregularities in the random fiber sheet of at least one surface of the random fiber sheet is provided, wherein a powder coating for the structural compensation and for increasing adhesion is provided before the lamination and that the random fiber sheet is formed from at least 30 to 60 plaitings.
2. The clothing carrier (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the PES or PA fibers (10) have a staple length of 30 mm to 80 mm and a fineness of 1.0 dtex to 5.0 dtex.
3. The clothing carrier (1) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the PES or PA fibers (10) have a specific tenacity of 25 cN/tex to 60 cN/tex.
4. The clothing carrier (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the impregnated random fiber sheet has a density of 0.4 g/cm³ to 0.5 g/cm³.
5. The clothing carrier (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the PUR film (12) has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, preferably 0.2 mm to 0.4 mm.
6. A method for producing a clothing carrier (1) for flexible or semi-rigid clothings (2), wherein

   - a plaited random fiber sheet is formed from polyester (PES) fibers or polyamide (PA) fibers (10), wherein the random fiber sheet is formed from at least 30 to 60 plaitings

   - the plaited random fiber sheet is subjected to needling

   - the needled random fiber sheet is subjected to a first calendering

   - the needled random fiber sheet, which has been calendered for a first time, is impregnated with a polymer (11)

   - after the impregnation, the random fiber sheet is brought to a constant thickness (d) by means of a second calendaring

   - a powder coating for the structural compensation and for increasing adhesion is applied

   - a coating (12) of a polyurethane (PUR) film is applied by lamination on the random fiber sheet above the powder coating
7. A clothing for processing textile fibers, comprising a clothing carrier (1) and clothing tips (2), wherein the clothing tips (2) are formed by wire hooks (4), which are pierced through the clothing carrier (1) in a setting process, characterized in that the clothing carrier (1) is designed according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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