EP2946061B1 - Device for conveying away drillings - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for conveying away from a drilling tool when creating a well for laying a pipeline cuttings with at least one pump for pumping a mixed with the cuttings drilling fluid and at least one receiving body with at least one receiving chamber, the openings via a cuttings area behind the drilling tool is connected.

Such a device is out US 5,269,384 known. This document discloses a method of a device for expanding and cleaning a borehole. Here, a pilot hole is produced by means of an HDD bore. Subsequently, a reamer is attached to the pilot drill string. Behind the reamer, a pipeline is provided, which substantially corresponds to the diameter of the pilot drill string. For discharging the soil released by the reamer, a liquid jet pump is provided which is driven by drilling slurry flowing in the drill string. Due to the vacuum created on the suction side of the pump, the cuttings are sucked in behind the reamer and transported away through the pipeline.

The device comprises a substantially cylindrically shaped receiving body with a receiving chamber. The receiving body comprises on its outside openings which allow passage of the drilling suspension with the cuttings. The passage is made by sucking the liquid with the cuttings by the existing in the liquid jet pump vacuum.

The problem with this design is that the openings by cuttings, which is larger than the area of the opening, close. Furthermore, the problem arises that, depending on the soil and the composition of the drilling suspension, the openings are also closed by deposits. To remedy this problem, a roller provided with projections is arranged inside the receiving chamber, the over the inside of the outer wall of the receiving chamber rotates, wherein the projections enter into the openings and release them again. This solution has the disadvantage that it can not be provided with sufficient precision that the openings are actually released again.

The document DE 19610238 A1 discloses another piping laying apparatus, and is considered to be the closest prior art.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a device for removing cuttings, with which it is possible to reliably remove the drill cuttings via a hydraulic delivery.

The solution of the invention provides that in the receiving body, a receiving element for mechanically receiving the cuttings is provided on which at least a portion of the openings are arranged, via which the cuttings passes into the receiving chamber.

The advantage here is that the cuttings are not sucked, but passes through a mechanical recording in the receiving chamber, from which it can then be hydraulically carried away. It is also advantageous that the size of the openings corresponds to the maximum grain size, which is conveyed by the pump. As a result, a classification of the cuttings is achieved in a simple manner.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the surface of the openings is designed so that the cuttings, preferably without suction or with low flow velocity, can pass through the opening. As a result, appropriate caking of the opening walls and a fixed eyes are avoided by too large Bohrklein.

Another teaching of the invention provides that in the receiving chamber, a suction port for hydraulic suction of cuttings in the pump is provided. This makes it possible in a simple manner, to ensure the removal from the receiving chamber itself.

Another teaching of the invention provides that at least two receiving elements are provided and / or at least two receiving chambers are provided. By increasing the number of receiving elements and receiving chambers, the discharge efficiency of the device is improved.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the receiving body is a buoyancy body with at least one air-filled section. As a result, less ballast acts on the drill string, so that a drop is reduced. Furthermore, less pressure acts on the ground and the torque produced by the device according to the invention is reduced.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the diameter of the receiving body substantially corresponds to the diameter of the respective borehole to be drilled. As a result, the drilling tool experiences a better centering in the borehole.

Another teaching of the invention provides that the receiving body has at least one bypass for bypassing the receiving body. It is particularly preferred that the bypass has a spirally and / or straight running section, and / or that the bypass is arranged on the back of the receiving element, and / or that the bypass is arranged on the outside of the receiving body. Through the bypass channels different deployment modes of the device according to the invention are possible. Thus, it is thereby possible to achieve a backwash through the openings by unilaterally closing the conveyor string. The then exiting through the openings in the well area drilling fluid can then escape via the bypass into the hole. The placement of the bypass on the back of the receiving elements makes it difficult to unwanted passage of the cuttings through the bypass into the underlying wellbore. Furthermore, the provision of a bypass that allows cuttings, not can pass through the openings, can pass through the bypass into the hole located behind it.

A further teaching of the invention provides that the bypass at the back of the receiving body has a receiving tool, and / or that the bypass has a shape that minimizes the passage of cuttings in the drilling operation and promotes the passage of cuttings in the expansion drive. This is preferably a helical bypass whose bending has a direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the drilling operation. As a result, cuttings that can not be absorbed by the receiving elements can be removed from the receiving area.

Another teaching of the invention provides that the pump is a liquid jet pump. It is particularly preferred that the liquid jet pump has a nozzle, a diffuser and a mixing chamber, wherein the nozzle relative to the diffuser for closing the mixing chamber is designed to be movable. This makes it possible to flush closures within the drill string through which the drilling slurry mixed with cuttings is removed.

Another teaching of the invention provides that the receiving element has a receiving tool, which is preferably carried out releasably. A further teaching of the invention provides that the receiving body is detachably arranged on the pump, so that the receiving body is replaceable depending on the diameter of the borehole to be created. A further teaching of the invention provides that the receiving element is releasably arranged on the receiving body, so that the receiving element is replaceable depending on the soil in which the borehole is to be created, and / or that a receiving tool arranged on the receiving tool is detachably arranged. Due to the solubilities, the device according to the invention can be easily adapted to the respective borehole sizes or ground conditions. A further teaching of the invention provides that the drilling tool is arranged on a drilling device and / or on the receiving body, preferably on the receiving element.

Another teaching of the invention provides a drilling apparatus with a device of the type described above.

A further teaching of the invention provides for the use of a previously described device with drilling tools arranged thereon as a drilling device.

Fig. 1

eine räumliche Darstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung,

Fig. 2

eine Frontalansicht zu Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

eine räumliche Darstellung einer Flüssigkeitsstrahlpumpe,

Fig. 4

eine räumliche Darstellung einer ersten Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Aufnahmekörpers,

Fig. 5

eine räumliche Darstellung einer zweiten Ausführungsform zu Fig. 1,

Fig. 6

eine Schnittansicht zu Fig. 1,

Fig. 7

eine zweite Schnittansicht zu Fig. 1,

Fig. 8 - Fig. 13

verschiedene Betriebs- und Einsatzzustände zu Fig. 1,

Fig. 14

eine Prinzipskizze eines erfindungsgemäßen Einsatzes der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, und

Fig. 15

eine Ergänzung zu Fig. 14.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing. Showing:

Fig. 1

a spatial representation of the device according to the invention,

Fig. 2

a frontal view too Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3

a spatial representation of a liquid jet pump,

Fig. 4

a spatial representation of a first embodiment of a receiving body according to the invention,

Fig. 5

a spatial representation of a second embodiment Fig. 1 .

Fig. 6

a sectional view too Fig. 1 .

Fig. 7

a second sectional view to Fig. 1 .

FIGS. 8-13

various operating and operating conditions Fig. 1 .

Fig. 14

a schematic diagram of an inventive use of the device according to the invention, and

Fig. 15

an addition to Fig. 14 ,

Fig. 14 shows the use according to the invention of a device according to the invention 10. Here, in a ground 100 (below ground, both solid and loose rock is understood) a borehole 101, 102 created under an obstacle 105 from a starting point 103 to a target point 104. After completion of the drilling operation, a pipeline (not shown) is introduced into the borehole 101, 102 into the borehole 101, 102. To create the borehole 101, 102, a drilling rig 110 is provided. From drill rig 110, a drill bit (not shown) is advanced along drill line 106 of borehole 101, 102 with a drill string 111 from a starting point 103 to a target point 104 by advancing the drill bit (not shown) by successively installing new drill string sections. After reaching the target point 104 of the drill head (not shown) is separated from the drill string 111. Subsequently, a boring device 112 is attached to the drill string 111. The drilling device 112 is composed of a drill head 113 and the device 10 according to the invention. To the drilling device 112, another drill string 114 is attached. By pulling the first drill string 111 through the drilling rig 110 at the starting point 103, the drilling apparatus 112 is withdrawn along the drilling line 106, for example, from the target point 104 to the starting point 103. In this case, the first drill string 111 is successively removed and the second drill string 114 is installed accordingly. Depending on the type of soil, the boring device 112 is provided with a boring head 113 whose diameter corresponds either to the final diameter of the borehole 101, 102, or boring devices of different sizes are used in succession to drill the borehole 101, 102 in several passes widen desired diameter. After completing the expansion, the pipeline (not shown) to be laid is then introduced into the borehole 101, 102. The borehole 101, 102 is filled with a drilling suspension 115. The task of the drilling suspension 115 is to keep the borehole 101, 102 open and at the same time to remove the cuttings loosened from the boring device 112 from the borehole. The method described here is called Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD).

Fig. 1 shows the device 10 according to the invention. The device 10 comprises a receiving body 11 and a pump 12. On the receiving body 11 receiving elements 13 are provided, which are provided with openings 14. The openings 14 are located on a radially outwardly curved receiving surface 15. On the receiving surface 15 guide elements 16 are provided, via which a better feeding of the cuttings to the openings 14 is achieved. In the illustrated embodiment, the guide elements 15 are designed as sheets. These can be adapted depending on the soil / rock to be loosened. Inside the receiving element 13 is a receiving chamber 17 (see Fig. 7 ), which is connected to a suction port 18 to the interior of the receiving body 11 out. The receiving chamber 17 is formed by a chamber rear wall 19, an end wall 21 of the receiving body 21, a cylinder wall 22 of the receiving body 11 and a chamber side wall 20, which forms a front surface, and the receiving surface 15. The suction port 18 extends through the end wall 21 therethrough. The receiving body 11 itself is formed by the end wall 21, on which the receiving elements 13 are located, and the cylinder wall 22 and a corresponding rear wall 23. In the end wall 21 is centrally in the fulcrum an opening 24 (see Fig. 4 ) intended. Radially around the opening 24 around holes 25 are provided.

On the outside of the receiving surface 15 receiving tools 40 are provided, which are integrated either in the cylindrical surface 22 in which a portion 41 is made bevelled in front of the exception surface 15, or as a separate receiving tool member 42, also with a chamfered portion 41, in front of the receiving surface 15 integrated in a recess 43 arranged in the cylindrical surface 22, are executed. Through these picking tools 40, the use as a broaching tool without combination with a drill head 113 is possible to remove deposited cuttings from the borehole 101, 102 in a special clearing step. Both variants are in Fig. 1 shown. In addition, the picking tools 40 may also be designed as drilling tools (not shown). This is not shown in the drawings. Alternatively, it is likewise possible to provide drilling tools on the receiving body 11 or on the receiving element 13, so that the device 10 then also used as a drilling tool. For this purpose, a drain for drilling suspension (not shown) must be provided on the drill string 111 or on the drill string connection 28 in order to supply drilling slurry to the drilling area.

In the cylinder wall 22 of the receiving body 11 are bypass 26, either straight or curved (see Fig. 5 ) are executed. The bypass 26 extends over the entire length of the cylinder wall 22. The bypass 26 is disposed behind the chamber rear wall 19 to prevent entry of the cuttings into the bypass 26 during normal operation of the device 10. At the output 45 of the bypass 26 also recording tools (not shown) may be provided for receiving soil or cuttings with which this / this is taken when removing the device 10 in the borehole 102 and passed into the bypass and then the receiving body 11 over the bypass 26 is conveyed through into the cuttings area 117. In this case, it is positive if the bypass 26 is designed to be spiral-shaped or curved in order to promote the transport of the soil / cuttings from the borehole 102 into the cuttings area 117.

Furthermore, the device 10 includes a pump 12, which is designed in the present embodiment as a so-called liquid jet pump 27. The pump 12, 27 each comprise a drill string connection 28, 29 for the drill string 111, 114. In a middle part 30 of the pump 27 is a nozzle 32 and suction ports 33 for connection to the suction port 18 of the receiving chamber 17 a mixing tube 34 is arranged. Behind the mixing tube 34 is followed by a diffuser 35. The Bohrstranganschlüsse 28, 29 are connected to the central part 30 via flanges 36, 37. The suction ports 33 are also provided with a flange 38 which serves to connect to the suction port 18 of the receiving chamber 17.

The Mitteilteil 30 of the pump 12, 27 is inserted into the opening 34. Via the flanges 36, 37, the drill string connections 28, 29 are connected to the middle part 30 of the pump 12 via bolts 39.

Fig. 6 shows the nozzle 32 in the normal operating position, so that the mixing chamber 31 is in hydraulic communication with the mixing tube 34 and the suction ports 33. In Fig. 7 the nozzle 32 is moved into the mixing chamber 31, so that it is in communication with the mixing tube 34, so that there is a hydraulic separation between the mixing tube 34 and the mixing chamber 31 and the associated suction ports 33. The nozzle is acted upon by a spring (not shown) and secured with a bolt (not shown). If a limit pressure acting on the nozzle via the drilling fluid is exceeded, the bolt is released and the nozzle 32 is advanced against the spring. If the pressure in the liquid drops again, the spring moves the nozzle 32 back to the starting position. Inside the receiving body 11, a buoyancy space 44 is provided.

The FIGS. 8 to 13 show various operating states in connection with the device 10 according to the invention.

In normal operating condition ( Fig. 8 ), the nozzle 32 is in the open position. The drilling slurry 115 flows through the interior 116 of the drill string 111 to the drilling apparatus 112 and exits the drill head 113 via nozzles (not shown). By the drilling suspension 115, the cuttings are washed away at the point of engagement of the drill head 113 with the bottom 100 and enters a Bohrkleinbereich 117 behind the drill bit 113. Behind the drill bit 113, the device 10 is arranged consisting of pump 12 and receiving body 11. About the receiving elements 13, the cuttings are mechanically received, for example via the recording tools 40 and passes through the openings 14 at the receiving surfaces 15 therethrough and enters the receiving chamber 17. A portion of the drilling slurry 115 is passed through the drill head 113 and passes over the Bohrstranganschluss 28 in the pump 12, 27. Through the nozzle 32, it is accelerated through the mixing chamber 31 into the mixing tube 34, whereby in the mixing chamber 31, a negative pressure, so that the cuttings located in the receiving chamber 17 together with the drilling suspension located there 115 sucked into the mixing chamber 31 via the suction port 18 and the suction port 33 is and is carried along by the accelerated by the nozzle 32 Bohrsuspension in the mixing tube 34. Subsequently, it is conveyed through the interior 118 of the drill string 114 after passing through the diffuser 35 from the wellbore 101, 102.

Fig. 9 shows the operating state of the prior art, in which a use of a drill head without the device 10 takes place. In this case, the drilling suspension is delivered to the drill head 113 and introduced from there together with the drill cuttings into the borehole 102, from where the borehole suspension 115 together with the drill cuttings exits the borehole at low speed. This is the usual HDD drilling process.

Fig. 10 shows the use of the device 10 without drill head 113 as a clearing insert. This insert is used to clean the well as such. The drilling suspension exits the drill string 111 and passes as for Fig. 8 described, via the receiving elements 13 through the openings 14 in the receiving chambers 17 and sucked from there via the pump 12, 27 into the mixing chamber 31 and further into the mixing tube 34, from where it then discharged into the interior 116 of the drill string 114 and from the Borehole 101, 102 is conveyed away.

Fig. 11 shows a special case in which a blockage 119 exists within the interior 118 of the drill string 114. Here, the nozzle 32, as in Fig. 7 represented, moved by the pressure increase in the interior 116, 118 against the mixing tube 34 and the mixing chamber 31 is closed with it. The drilling suspension 115 located in the inner space 116 of the drill string 111 is completely pumped into the pump 12 and accelerated accordingly there, so that the congestion 119 is released, if necessary, while the pump pressure in the pump (not shown) in the drilling rig 110 is increased at the same time the interior 118 of the drill string 114 is removed.

Fig. 12 shows a further special case in which the openings 14 of the receiving elements 13 must be cleaned. At the end of the drill string 114 is a valve (not shown) which is closed. This can the drilling suspension 115 are no longer moved through the interior 118 of the drill string 114. This results in a flow reversal in the mixing chamber 31, so that the drilling suspension takes place through the suction port 33 into the suction port 18 and from there into the receiving chamber 17. From here, the drilling slurry 115 passes through the openings 14 into the cuttings area 117. In this there is an increase in pressure within the drilling slurry 115 and then flows through the bypass 26 on the receiving body 11 into the wellbore 102. This makes it possible to free the openings 14 by appropriate pressure adjustment and backwashing of closures and contaminants.

Fig. 13 shows the case where the device 10 is used as a drilling device. This case corresponds to the one in Fig. 8 shown with the difference that the soil is solved by drilling tools (not shown) and is conveyed away directly via the receiving element 13.

Fig. 15 further shows a construction site facility on the side from which at the end of the bore, the pipe (not shown) is introduced. Here, the drilling fluid 115 is removed from the drill string 114. For this purpose, a carriage 120 is positioned on a carriage 121. The carriage 120 has a built-in pivot (not shown) and is constructed to intercept rotational movement (torsional forces) from the drill string 114. The drilling fluid 115 is guided via a hose 122 and a hose guide 123 of the carriage 121. When a new pipe section 126 needs to be assembled, the carriage 120 is pulled up by means of a winch 124 in conjunction with a drive 127 and the new pipe section 126 can be mounted. A clamping unit 125 ensures that the pipe section to be mounted is held fast and that the necessary torque for closing a thread 128 can be applied via the drilling rig 110. The carriage 121 can be adapted via an adjustable substructure of the inclination of the drill string 114. The carriage 121 also includes the necessary measuring equipment (not shown) such as flow meter, pressure sensor necessary to control the system.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10 device 41 bevelled section 11 receiving body 42 Recording tool element 12 pump 43 recess 13 receiving element 44 buoyancy space 14 opening 45 exit 15 receiving surface 16 vane 100 ground 17 receiving chamber 101 well 18 suction 102 well 19 Chamber rear wall 103 starting point 20 Chamber sidewall 104 Endpoint 21 bulkhead 105 obstacle 22 cylinder wall 106 drilling line 23 rear wall 110 drilling rig 24 opening 111 drill string 25 drilling 112 drilling 26 bypass 113 wellhead 27 Liquid jet pump 114 drill string 28 Bohrstranganschluss 115 drilling suspension 29 Bohrstranganschluss 116 inner space 30 midsection 117 Bohrkleinbereich 31 mixing chamber 118 inner space 32 jet 119 constipation 33 suction 120 dare 34 mixing tube 121 gun carriage 35 diffuser 122 tube 36 flange 123 hose guide 37 flange 124 winch 38 flange 125 terminal unit 39 bolt 126 pipe section 40 recording tool 127 drive

Claims (15)

1. Apparatus for removing drill cuttings loosened by a drilling tool (113) during the operation of producing a drill hole (101, 102) for laying a pipeline, having at least one receiving body (11) with at least one receiving chamber (17), which is connected to a drill-cuttings region (117) behind the drilling tool (113) via openings (14), characterized by the provision, on the receiving body (11), of a receiving element (13), which is intended for receiving the drill cuttings mechanically during rotation of the receiving body (11) and on which are arranged at least some of the openings (14) via which the drill cuttings pass into the receiving chamber (17), by the provision of a pump (12) for pumping out drilling fluid (115) mixed with the drill cuttings, and by the provision, in the receiving chamber (17), of a suction-intake opening (18) for the hydraulic suction intake of the drill cuttings into the pump (12).
2. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the surface area of the openings (14) is configured such that the drill cuttings can pass through the openings (14).
3. Apparatus according to Claim 1, characterized in that the surface area of the openings (14) is configured such that the drill cuttings can pass through the openings (14) without suction-intake action.
4. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that at least two receiving elements (13) are provided, and/or in that at least two receiving chambers (17) are provided.
5. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the receiving body (11) is a float with at least one air-filled portion.
6. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the diameter of the receiving body (11) corresponds essentially to the diameter of the drill hole (101, 102) which is to be drilled in each case.
7. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the receiving body (11) has at least one bypass (26) for bypassing the receiving body (11) .
8. Apparatus according to Claim 7, characterized in that the bypass (26) has a helical and/or rectilinear portion, and/or in that the bypass (26) is arranged on the rear side (19) of the receiving element (13), and/or in that the bypass (26) is arranged on the outside of the receiving body (11).
9. Apparatus according to Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the bypass (26) has a receiving tool on the rear side (23) of the receiving body (11), and/or in that the bypass (26) is in a form which minimizes the through-passage of drill cuttings during drilling operation and which promotes the through-passage of drill cuttings during removal operation.
10. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the pump (12) is a liquid jet pump, and/or in that the pump (12) is a liquid jet pump (12) which has a nozzle (32), a diffuser (35) and a mixing chamber (31), wherein the nozzle (32) is configured such that it can be moved in relation to the diffuser (35) in order to close the mixing chamber (31).
11. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the receiving element (13) has a receiving tool (40), or a receiving tool (40) of releasable configuration.
12. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the drilling tool (40, 113) is arranged on a drilling apparatus (112), on the receiving body (11) and/or on the receiving element (13).
13. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the receiving body (11) is arranged in a releasable manner on the pump (12), and therefore the receiving body (11) can be changed over in dependence on the diameter of the drill hole (102) which is to be produced.
14. Apparatus according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the receiving element (13) is arranged in a releasable manner on the receiving body (13), and therefore the receiving element (13) can be changed over in dependence on the earth (100) in which the drill hole (101, 102) is to be produced, and/or in that a receiving tool (40) arranged on the receiving element (13) is arranged in a releasable manner.
15. Use of an apparatus (10) according to one of Claims 1 to 14 in the form of a drilling apparatus.

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