EP2707155B1 - Method and device for producing metal profiles having a closely toleranced chamber dimension - Google Patents
Method and device for producing metal profiles having a closely toleranced chamber dimension Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2707155B1 EP2707155B1 EP11724570.4A EP11724570A EP2707155B1 EP 2707155 B1 EP2707155 B1 EP 2707155B1 EP 11724570 A EP11724570 A EP 11724570A EP 2707155 B1 EP2707155 B1 EP 2707155B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flange
- work roll
- profile
- inner work
- metal profile
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D1/00—Straightening, restoring form or removing local distortions of sheet metal or specific articles made therefrom; Stretching sheet metal combined with rolling
- B21D1/02—Straightening, restoring form or removing local distortions of sheet metal or specific articles made therefrom; Stretching sheet metal combined with rolling by rollers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/08—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling structural sections, i.e. work of special cross-section, e.g. angle steel
- B21B1/088—H- or I-sections
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/08—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling structural sections, i.e. work of special cross-section, e.g. angle steel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B13/00—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories
- B21B13/06—Metal-rolling stands, i.e. an assembly composed of a stand frame, rolls, and accessories with axes of rolls arranged vertically, e.g. edgers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B31/00—Rolling stand structures; Mounting, adjusting, or interchanging rolls, roll mountings, or stand frames
- B21B31/02—Rolling stand frames or housings; Roll mountings ; Roll chocks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B35/00—Drives for metal-rolling mills, e.g. hydraulic drives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/16—Control of thickness, width, diameter or other transverse dimensions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
- B21B45/0269—Cleaning
- B21B45/0275—Cleaning devices
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/08—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling structural sections, i.e. work of special cross-section, e.g. angle steel
- B21B1/088—H- or I-sections
- B21B1/0886—H- or I-sections using variable-width rolls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B2261/00—Product parameters
- B21B2261/02—Transverse dimensions
- B21B2261/10—Cross-sectional area
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B2263/00—Shape of product
- B21B2263/02—Profile, e.g. of plate, hot strip, sections
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12375—All metal or with adjacent metals having member which crosses the plane of another member [e.g., T or X cross section, etc.]
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and an apparatus, in particular a roll stand, for the production or recalibration of metal profiles, in particular rolled steel profiles, with a tightly tolerated chamber dimension.
- chamber dimension means the dimension between the inside of a first flange and the inside of a second flange opposite the first flange of the metal profile.
- the invention thus relates in particular to the production or recalibration of U or double-T profiles, but also the adaptation of the chamber dimension of other profile geometries, in which two substantially parallel flanges are opposite, can be made meaningful by the invention.
- Metal profiles with two substantially mutually parallel and opposing flanges are well known.
- increased demands are placed on the chamber dimension tolerances, in particular when the opposite inner sides of the flanges form functional surfaces which functionally interact with adjacent components, for example with rolling elements.
- Such applications are known, inter alia, from the conveyor industry. Also on monorail rails such increased demands are made.
- hoisting masts for the construction of lifting masts for industrial trucks, especially for forklifts.
- a plurality of metal profiles are arranged interleaved and telescopically movable against each other for raising or lowering the stacked goods in the profile longitudinal direction.
- rollers Between the individual metal profiles are rollers as rolling elements.
- any play between the metal profiles and the rollers allows pivoting of the metal profiles against each other transversely to the profile longitudinal direction and the vertical stroke direction. Even a small clearance between the rollers and the area of the surface of the metal profile on which the rollers roll, can have a strong impact especially at high lifting heights.
- a stackable material located at high lifting height which often has high weight, must not or only extremely slightly stagger transversely to the vertical stroke direction, so as not to jeopardize the stability of the vehicle or the overall structure and the exact positioning of the transported goods in a rack storage unnecessarily complicate.
- the profiles can be subsequently pulled.
- the pulling of mast profiles ensures a good parallelism of the flanges, tight dimensional tolerances, smooth surfaces and a favorable work hardening of the material.
- the profiles also have a low tendency to wear, show only a small inlet effect and can be well welded.
- a disadvantage is the high production costs and the associated high production costs, which is why drawn profiles are not really competitive.
- the brittle resistance of drawn profiles is significantly worse than profiles that are produced in other ways.
- the pulling can also lead to an increased profile distortion (bending, twisting), which is then again consuming to correct in a straightening machine.
- JP 62 093008 A JP 2 011201 A and JP 11 244903 A disclose rolling processes that affect the chamber dimension or other dimensions of a rolled section.
- none of these methods makes it possible to produce a rolled profile with a chamber dimension in particularly narrow tolerance limits or leads to a rolled profile with properties which are particularly advantageous for the above applications.
- the object of the invention is therefore to provide a method for the production or recalibration of metal profiles and an apparatus for performing such a method, which combines the advantages of the known methods described above as far as possible.
- a method and a device are to be provided with which in particular lift mast profiles with parallel flanges, narrow tolerances and high material strength with respect to wear can be produced.
- the aim is a mast profile that makes multiple roles in the construction of a lift mast unnecessary, that is characterized by good wear characteristics, weldability and brittle resistance, has a good run-in behavior and is still produced at a lower price than milled mast profiles.
- the device according to the invention or the method according to the invention makes it possible in particular to recalibrate pre-rolled profile blanks by means of rolling in the temperature range of cold forming.
- recalibration a high flange parallelism, tight Kammerterrorismtoleranzen and a targeted and defined usable work hardening of the material in the area of the mast profiles particularly stressed, near-surface flange inner sides are achieved.
- the construction of lifting masts comes with the use of profiles produced in this way with a roll size.
- the material can be welded well, the cold-worked flange inside pages show good wear characteristics and low clearance. The brittle security is good.
- the surface quality of the flange inside is due to the fact that any bumps or grooves are compensated or smoothed by the hot rolling process by taking place on the flange inside rolling process, good.
- the production costs are well below those manufacturing costs incurred in machined post-processed profiles.
- the inner work rolls are made of a high-strength material, in particular a high-tempered steel (for example 100 Cr 6) or a load-bearing ceramic material and in each case with a high surface quality.
- Each inner work roll is regularly assigned a support body. This supports the force exerted by the respective inner work roll on the Profilflanschinnenseite forming forces on the respective flange outside.
- the supporting bodies are preferably formed by a first supporting roller and a second supporting roller and, like the inner working rollers, are rotatably mounted in the rolling stand.
- support rollers and other types of support body can be used.
- the choice of the support body depends inter alia on the way in which the metal profile and the roll stand are moved relative to each other.
- the support rollers which are preferably used when the metal profile is moved relative to a stationary rolling stand or when the inner work rolls are moved together with the support rollers relative to a firmly clamped metal profile
- the use of plate-shaped supporting bodies may be provided which bear against the flanges on the outside and which support the forming forces acting on the flange inner sides by the working rollers. The metal profile can then be firmly clamped between the externally applied supporting bodies and held by them.
- the support body are preferably formed by elongated, plate-like bodies or support rails, which are employed with a flat contact surface against the flange outer sides and supported the forming forces.
- the support body or support rails may extend in this case over the entire length of the metal profile to be machined.
- a support body of a plurality of hingedly interconnected individual plates which cooperate with each other in the manner of a tank chain.
- These so interconnected individual plates can also either exert the necessary feed forces on the metal profile to be moved to move this relative to a fixed pair of work rolls, or move as part of the rolling stand with this and are preferably used, the required feed forces on the to transfer relative to the fixed metal profile moving pair of work rolls.
- working gap is to be understood to mean that the forming work is largely done by the force exerted by the inner work on the flange inner sides forces and the support body, the forces exerted by the inner work on the Flanschinnencons forces forces only outwardly supported to lateral deformation or Deflection of the flanges and / or an extension of the profile web located between the flanges, ie a change in the web height, to be prevented.
- the distance between the support body is matched to the distance of the flange outside. The deformation and the concomitant achievement of the desired chamber dimension can be achieved by these measures as a result of an actual localized reduction of the Flanschmaterialdicke by plastic deformation of the near-flange surface to the flange material.
- the support body are dimensioned such that they cause such a low surface pressure between the flange outside and support body when the device is used as intended, that no significant plastic deformation of the flanged material located close to the surface of the flange takes place.
- the invention allows By using manufacturer-specific inner work roll forms, the surface of the flange inside already adapted to the manufacturer-specific Wälz stresses- or role geometry when manufacturing the Hubmastprofile.
- the inner work rolls have a non-cylindrical outer contour in the region of the contact surface formed between the inner work roll and the inner side of the flange when the device is used as intended. The outer contour of this contact surface can be reflected during the process of cold deformation on the flange inside.
- the deformation of the metal profiles to the desired chamber size can be done both prior to insertion of the metal profile in a roller straightening or between individual Rollenrichtvor réellen.
- the forming of the metal profile to the desired chamber size before a final passage through a roller leveler and / or a final reworking in a straightening press is particularly useful because it can not always be ruled out that uneven degrees of deformation occur, for example, a twisting or bending of the metal profile could result, which would be compensated by a Rollenrichtmaschine and / or a straightening press again.
- the rolling stand can also be integrated in a roller leveler. In this case, the roll stand should be movable within the roller leveler to compensate for any movements of the metal profile transverse to the profile longitudinal direction can.
- the inner work rolls which rotate about a rotation axis, preferably acted upon by a force acting in the direction of the rotation axis and the inner work rolls in the direction of the profile web pressing force, which ensures that the inner work rolls in the transition from flange to the web of the metal profile always good abutment or at least kept at a defined distance to the web.
- the optionally manufacturer-specific deformation exerted by the inner work rolls on the flange inside remains constant in the profile longitudinal direction. An emigration of the work rolls away from the through the profiled web surface defined level to the profile exterior can be excluded.
- This pressing force can of course also or additionally be provided by a pressure roller, which is arranged on the working roll pair side facing away from the metal profile and hires the metal profile against the pair of work rolls to prevent the metal profile in the process relative to the pair of work rolls away from this.
- a spacer In order to prevent the inner work rolls with their web-facing end face leaving MahLspuren on the web, and a spacer can be provided that holds the inner work rolls despite the urging in the direction of the profile web contact pressure at a defined distance from the web surface.
- a spacer may be formed by a spacer roller or other rolling elements, which roll or slide gently on the web surface during the process of the profile relative to the rolling mill.
- the device has a first cleaning device, which cleans areas of the metal profile of impurities before they enter the mill stand.
- impurities can be created by scale, which flakes off the profile surface in upstream process steps.
- the cleaning device may in particular blow off the contamination with compressed air, rinse with water or remove by brushing or a combination of these operations.
- the cleaning process preferably takes place continuously during the process of the metal profile relative to the roll stand.
- the rolling process can be carried out in multiple stages, in particular if the degree of deformation required for the desired chamber size is so high that it can only be achieved with difficulty by means of a single passage.
- the metal profile can either be performed several times by one and the same rolling mill or it can several rolling stands are traversed in succession, wherein the force exerted on the metal profile pressure or the inner work roll and / or working gap geometry can be gradually adjusted.
- a device for removing the rolling bead in particular a planer, can be arranged on the rolling stand or on the device in which the rolling stand is embedded.
- the inner work rollers can be provided to ensure the process of the rolling stand and the metal profile relative to each other.
- the outer supporting bodies are formed by motor-driven supporting rollers.
- the aforementioned pressure roller can be driven alternatively or in addition to working and / or support rollers.
- FIG. 1 shows a frontal view of a device according to the invention forming mill stand 10, in which flanges 21, 22, 23, 24 of a double T-metal profile 20 chosen here by way of example between inner work rollers 11, 12, 13, 14 and outer support rollers 15, 16 are passed.
- Flanges 21 and 23 are each a first flange according to the invention and flange 22 and 24 are each a second flange in the context of the invention.
- the inner work roll 11 forms a first inner work roll and the inner work roll 12 forms a second inner work roll in the sense of the invention. Together they form an inner pair of work rolls arranged between flanges 21 and 22.
- the inner work roll 13 also forms a first inner work roll and the inner work roll 14 forms a second inner work roll in the sense of the invention, which together form another inner work roll pair that is arranged between the flanges 23 and 24.
- a first support roller 15 acts on the flanges 21 and 23 from the outside and a second support roller 16 acts on the flanges 22 and 24 from the outside FIG. 1 illustrated configuration thus shows two within the meaning of the invention first inner work rolls 11, 13 and two according to the invention second inner work rolls 12, 14th
- First inner work roll 11 and first outer support roll 15 form between them a first working gap
- a second inner work roll 12 and second outer support roll 16 form between them a second working gap.
- first inner work roll 13 and first outer support roll 15 form between them a first working gap in the sense of the invention
- second inner work roll 14 and second outer support roll 16 form between them a second working gap in the context of the invention.
- FIG. 1 shown configuration a total of four working gaps are shown, in each case two first working gaps in the sense of the invention and two second working gaps in the context of the invention.
- FIG. 2 shows the configuration FIG. 1 in a top view.
- the outer support rollers 15 and 16 and the inner work rollers 11 and 12 rotate in the direction of in FIG. 2 directions indicated by the rotation arrows.
- the metal profile is moved in a feed direction V relative to the rolling stand.
- the mill stand can be moved relative to the firmly clamped metal profile.
- the flange inner sides are in the region in contact with the inner work rolls will come and are rolling on the later use as a mast profile rolling elements to a chamber dimension K 0 spaced from each other.
- the metal profile 20 also has a web height So.
- FIG. 1 Another process is in FIG. 1 further illustrated.
- force arrows F U are located in the upper chamber of the double T-profile, indicate how the forming forces acting transversely to the profile longitudinal direction between the flanges 21 and 22 cancel each other. Only the forces acting on the flange outside by the support rollers 15 and 16 must be absorbed by the bearing of the outer support rollers (not shown). This is achieved in that the inner work rolls 11 and 12 roll on each other and therefore the forces occurring directly on each other support.
- force arrows F A illustrate a force acting in the direction of the rotation axis R on the pair of work rolls contact pressure, which ensures that the pair of work rolls can not emigrate in a direction away from the profile web 25 movement upwards.
- each inner work roll will have a nominal diameter of 1 ⁇ 2 K 1 , that is to say half of the desired final chamber dimension K 1 .
- the nominal diameter is optionally increased by a surcharge, which takes into account that the flange material and the material of the inner work rolls themselves have a certain elasticity material and even when exposed to the forming forces even to a small extent elastic, ie without remaining plastic deformation, give way and then spring back again.
- the actual diameter can therefore be slightly larger than the nominal diameter 1 ⁇ 2 K 1 .
- the inner work rolls can have a non-cylindrical outer contour at least in the region in which they are in contact with the flange inner sides during the forming process.
- the inner work rolls are drawn illustratively cambered. So you have a cross section as an outside positively curved, Convex convex lens on.
- other cross-sectional shapes in particular also a cross-section such as an externally negatively curved, concave diverging lens, or unsteady outer contour profiles are conceivable in principle. This makes it possible to consider certain manufacturer-specific roll shapes, which may already be in the manufacturing process, and to map their outer contours in the flange inner sides.
- the non-parallelism can both be such that, starting from the web, a closing chamber dimension results (the effective outer diameter of the inner work rolls decreases in a direction away from the web surface), and be such that starting from the web an opening chamber dimension results (the effective outer diameter of the inner work rolls increases in a direction away from the web surface direction).
- the method or the rolling stand in hot-rolled steel profiles, allows the flange inside sides, which typically originate from the web, to be formed in such a way that they subsequently run parallel, but not parallel but opening.
- FIG. 3a shows the metal profile cross section before entering the flanges in the working column.
- FIG. 3b illustrated by the black areas.
- Figure 3c finally shows the cross-section of the mast profile with the chamber dimension changed from the initial chamber dimension K 0 to the desired final chamber dimension K 1 .
- the diameter of the outer support rollers is considerably larger than that of the inner work rolls, so that the surface pressure at the flange outside is kept low. This is particularly necessary if the forming process should have no influence on the web height S 0 or on the flange outer sides.
- FIG. 2 This is illustrated by the fact that web height S 0 is unchanged before and after passing through the roll stand, while the output chamber dimension K 0 has changed to the desired final chamber dimension K 1 . Minor changes in the web height S 0 or the distance of the flange outside of each other but can be tolerated, if such a change in the subsequent use of the profile does not adversely affect.
- the contact area with the outer surface of the profile flanges ensures a sufficiently low surface pressure to prevent plastic deformation on the flange outside, when the effective diameter of the support body at this point is about 700 mm to 750 mm or more.
- this is not to be understood as a rigid value.
- deviating values can also yield meaningful results.
- the support body does not necessarily have to be formed by a support roller. They can also be formed, for example, by a plate or rail with side stop or by a plurality of hingedly interconnected individual plates, which are connected to each other in the manner of a tank chain and form a flat, flat support surface.
- the choice of the support body shape will depend, among other things, whether the rolling stand is moved relative to a stationary metal profile tense, or whether the rolling stand is installed stationary and the metal profile is moved relative to the rolling stand. Especially in the latter case, it makes sense to drive the inner work rolls and / or the support body, if they are designed as support rollers, motor. Become driven both support rollers and inner work rolls, of course, to ensure synchronization of the surface speeds.
- the first and the second support body can of course also be formed by a single component, which supports the forming forces on both sides, that is to say both on the first and on the second flange.
- FIG. 4 illustrates a particular embodiment of the rolling stand according to the invention or the method according to the invention, in which the angle ⁇ , the imaginary connection axis A, which connects the centers of the two inner working roles thought of each other, includes with the profile longitudinal side or the feed direction V is increased.
- the angle is adjusted from an angle of less than 90 ° to an angle of substantially 90 °.
- the force acting on the flange inner sides, effective outer working dimension of the inner work rolls is increased or narrowed at constantly spaced outer support rollers of the working gap gradually.
- the outer support rollers but of course are actually provided to form together with the inner work rolls 11, 12 the working gap, are in FIG. 4 only for the sake of clarity not drawn.
- the axis A 1 includes the profile longitudinal side or the feed direction V an angle ⁇ 1 , to extend the chamber dimension K 0 to the chamber dimension K 1 .
- the angle ⁇ 1 is widened to the angle ⁇ 2 , in order to narrow the working gap slightly, and thus to expand the chamber dimension K 1 to the chamber dimension K 2 .
- the angle ⁇ 2 is extended to the angle ⁇ 3 in order to narrow the working gap once more and thus to expand the chamber dimension K 2 to the chamber dimension K 3 , which is then in the in FIG. 4 illustrated example represents the Endschbine.
- the necessary or meaningful number of passes and thus the number of alignment changes of the inner work roll pair or the number of working gap narrowing for the particular application can be determined.
- the angle ⁇ is increased stepwise to gradually narrow the working gap, which is otherwise kept constant for each pass.
- FIG. 4 shown skewing of the rollers relative to the feed direction, ie the adjustment of the imaginary connection axis A and the concomitant narrowing of the working gap, but can also be used to compensate for any differences in chamber size that may exist on the metal profile length.
- at the beginning or end of the metal profile can be adjusted in a limited area due to the entry or leakage of the metal profile from the working gap slight deviations from the lockable in the middle of the metal profile chamber dimension.
- a measuring device which detects the actual chamber dimension during a passage.
- the measuring point or In this case, the measured value preferably leads the working gap, so that after detecting a deviation, it is possible to react directly by adjusting the angle ⁇ .
- the measuring point or the measured value lags the working gap or that both a leading and a lagging measured value are detected.
- the latter has the particular advantage that the system by adjusting the angle ⁇ directly detect the achieved by this adjustment Kammerhusterung and programmatically readjust or correct.
- the maximum amount that can deviate the angle ⁇ of 90 °, ie the degree of inclination of the axis A to the feed direction V, will differ depending on the material of the metal profile and depending on the set stitch loss and is to be chosen so that a sufficient support of inner working roles remains ensured and that the resulting torque with which the forces acting on the inner work rolls forces to push them into an even stronger inclination remains manageable.
- the invention is not limited to the production or recalibration of only one such metal profile type, but can also be applied to all other profile shapes having two opposing flanges, between which at least a pair of inner work rolls can be usefully used.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
- Reduction Rolling/Reduction Stand/Operation Of Reduction Machine (AREA)
- Straightening Metal Sheet-Like Bodies (AREA)
- Rolls And Other Rotary Bodies (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung, insbesondere ein Walzgerüst, zur Herstellung oder Nachkalibrierung von Metallprofilen, insbesondere Walzprofilen aus Stahl, mit eng toleriertem Kammermaß.The invention relates to a method and an apparatus, in particular a roll stand, for the production or recalibration of metal profiles, in particular rolled steel profiles, with a tightly tolerated chamber dimension.
Eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung bzw. ein gattungsgemäßes Verfahren ist aus
Unter dem Begriff Kammermaß ist dabei das Maß zwischen der Innenseite eines ersten Flanschs und der Innenseite eines dem ersten Flansch gegenüberliegenden zweiten Flanschs des Metallprofils gemeint. Es geht bei der Erfindung also insbesondere um die Herstellung bzw. Nachkalibrierung von U oder Doppel-T Profilen, aber auch die Anpassung des Kammermaßes anderer Profilgeometrien, bei denen sich zwei im wesentlichen parallele Flansche gegenüberliegen, kann durch die Erfindung sinnvoll gestaltet werden.The term chamber dimension here means the dimension between the inside of a first flange and the inside of a second flange opposite the first flange of the metal profile. The invention thus relates in particular to the production or recalibration of U or double-T profiles, but also the adaptation of the chamber dimension of other profile geometries, in which two substantially parallel flanges are opposite, can be made meaningful by the invention.
Metallprofile mit zwei im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander verlaufenden und sich gegenüberliegenden Flanschen sind allgemein bekannt. Bei bestimmten Anwendungen werden erhöhte Anforderungen an die Kammermaßtoleranzen gestellt, und zwar insbesondere dann, wenn die sich gegenüberliegenden Innenseiten der Flansche Funktionsflächen ausbilden, die mit angrenzenden Bauteilen, beispielsweise mit Wälzkörpern, funktional zusammenwirken. Solche Anwendungen sind unter anderem aus der Fördertechnik bekannt. Auch an Hängebahnschienen werden solche erhöhten Anforderungen gestellt.Metal profiles with two substantially mutually parallel and opposing flanges are well known. In certain applications, increased demands are placed on the chamber dimension tolerances, in particular when the opposite inner sides of the flanges form functional surfaces which functionally interact with adjacent components, for example with rolling elements. Such applications are known, inter alia, from the conveyor industry. Also on monorail rails such increased demands are made.
Ein weiteres, konkretes Beispiel einer solchen Anwendung sind Hubmastprofile für den Aufbau von Hubmastgerüsten für Flurförderfahrzeuge, insbesondere für Gabelstapler. Bei dieser Anwendung sind mehrere Metallprofile ineinander verschachtelt angeordnet und für das Hochfahren oder Herunterlassen des Stapelguts in Profillängsrichtung teleskopartig gegeneinander verfahrbar. Zwischen den einzelnen Metallprofilen befinden sich Rollen als Wälzkörper. Jedes Spiel zwischen den Metallprofilen und den Rollen erlaubt jedoch ein Verschwenken der Metallprofile gegeneinander quer zur Profillängsrichtung bzw. zur vertikalen Hubrichtung. Schon ein geringes Spiel zwischen den Rollen und dem Bereich der Oberfläche des Metallprofils, auf denen die Rollen abrollen, kann sich insbesondere bei großen Hubhöhen stark auswirken. Ein in großer Hubhöhe befindliches Stapelgut, dass nicht selten hohes Gewicht hat, darf selbstverständlich nicht oder nur außerordentlich geringfügig quer zur vertikalen Hubrichtung wanken, um die Standsicherheit des Fahrzeugs bzw. des Gesamtaufbaus nicht zu gefährden und um die exakte Positionierung des Transportguts in ein Regallager nicht unnötig zu erschweren. Die Anforderungen gehen zum Teil so weit, dass Hersteller die Profile zum Aufbau eines Hubmastgerüsts individuell vermessen und dann Rollensätze fahrzeugindividuell zusammenstellen. Ein Rollensatz kann eine Vielzahl verschieden dimensionierter Rollen aufweisen, wobei jede Rolle individuell für die spezifische Profilpaarung ausgewählt wird.Another concrete example of such an application are hoisting masts for the construction of lifting masts for industrial trucks, especially for forklifts. In this application, a plurality of metal profiles are arranged interleaved and telescopically movable against each other for raising or lowering the stacked goods in the profile longitudinal direction. Between the individual metal profiles are rollers as rolling elements. However, any play between the metal profiles and the rollers allows pivoting of the metal profiles against each other transversely to the profile longitudinal direction and the vertical stroke direction. Even a small clearance between the rollers and the area of the surface of the metal profile on which the rollers roll, can have a strong impact especially at high lifting heights. Of course, a stackable material located at high lifting height, which often has high weight, must not or only extremely slightly stagger transversely to the vertical stroke direction, so as not to jeopardize the stability of the vehicle or the overall structure and the exact positioning of the transported goods in a rack storage unnecessarily complicate. Some of the requirements go so far that manufacturers individually measure the profiles for setting up a lifting mast and then put together roller sets for each individual vehicle. A set of rollers may have a plurality of different sized rollers, each roller being selected individually for the specific profile pairing.
Derzeit werden verschiedene Herstellungsverfahren zur Herstellung von Hubmastprofilen, insbesondere solchen aus Stahl, mit engen Kammermaßtoleranzen angewendet.Currently, various manufacturing processes for the production of Hubmastprofilen, especially those made of steel, with tight Kammermaßtoleranzen applied.
Den Verfahren gemein ist zunächst das Warmwalzen des Stahls. Durch das Warmwalzen von Hubmastprofilen lassen sich jedoch weder parallele Flansche noch enge Toleranzen realisieren. Es findet auch keine Kaltverfestigung der im späteren Betrieb stark beanspruchten Materialzonen statt, was unter anderem ein schlechtes Einlaufverhalten zur Folge hat. Daher sind für den Aufbau eines Hubmastgerüsts aus lediglich warmgewalzten Profilen zumeist mehrere Rollengrößen erforderlich. Lediglich warmgewalzte Profile verschleißen außerdem relativ schnell, haben jedoch eine gute Schweißeignung und eine hohe Sprödbruchsicherheit. Das schlechte Einlaufverhalten kann zwar durch den Einsatz eines Stahls mit höherem Kohlenstoffgehalt oder einem Zusatz von Legierungselementen verbessert werden, jedoch ist das mit einer Verschlechterung der Schweißeignung und der Sprödbruchsicherheit verbunden. Ein maßgeblicher Vorteil dieses Herstellungsverfahrens sind jedoch die niedrigen Herstellungskosten, so dass ganz überwiegend lediglich warmgewalzte Hubmastprofile zum Einsatz kommen.Common to the process is first the hot rolling of the steel. By hot rolling of mast profiles, however, neither parallel flanges nor tight tolerances can be realized. There is also no work hardening of the material zones which are subject to heavy stress in later operation, which, inter alia, results in poor run-in behavior. Therefore, for the construction of a lift mast from only hot-rolled profiles usually several roll sizes are required. Only hot rolled profiles wear out relatively quickly, but have a good Weldability and high brittle fracture safety. Although the poor run-in behavior can be improved by using a steel with a higher carbon content or an addition of alloying elements, this is associated with a deterioration of the weldability and the brittle fracture safety. A significant advantage of this manufacturing process, however, are the low production costs, so that predominantly only hot-rolled mast profiles are used.
Um den vorstehend skizzierten Nachteile von lediglich warmgewalzten Profilen zu begegnen, können die Profile nachträglich gezogen werden. Das Ziehen von Hubmastprofilen gewährleistet eine gute Parallelität der Flansche, enge Maßtoleranzen, glatte Oberflächen und eine vorteilhafte Kaltverfestigung des Materials. Bei gezogenen Profilen kommt man daher nicht selten mit nur einer Rollengröße aus. Die Profile weisen außerdem eine geringe Verschleißneigung auf, zeigen einen nur geringen Einlaufeffekt und lassen sich gut Schweißen. Nachteilig sind allerdings der hohe Herstellungsaufwand und die damit einhergehenden hohen Herstellungskosten, weswegen gezogene Profile nicht wirklich wettbewerbsfähig sind. Außerdem ist die Sprödbruchsicherheit von gezogenen Profilen deutlich schlechter als von Profilen, die auf andere Art hergestellt werden. Das Ziehen kann zudem zu einem erhöhten Profilverzug (Biegung, Verdrallung) führen, der anschließend in einer Richtmaschine wieder aufwändig zu korrigieren ist.In order to counteract the above-outlined disadvantages of merely hot-rolled profiles, the profiles can be subsequently pulled. The pulling of mast profiles ensures a good parallelism of the flanges, tight dimensional tolerances, smooth surfaces and a favorable work hardening of the material. With drawn profiles one therefore often comes out with only one roll size. The profiles also have a low tendency to wear, show only a small inlet effect and can be well welded. However, a disadvantage is the high production costs and the associated high production costs, which is why drawn profiles are not really competitive. In addition, the brittle resistance of drawn profiles is significantly worse than profiles that are produced in other ways. The pulling can also lead to an increased profile distortion (bending, twisting), which is then again consuming to correct in a straightening machine.
Favorisiert wird derzeit auch die spanende Nachbearbeitung der Funktionsflächen von zuvor warmgewalzten Hubmastprofilen. So hergestellte Profile weisen zwar gegenüber gezogenen Profilen eine schlechtere Schweißeignung auf, sie sind aber kostengünstiger als diese herzustellen. Durch die spanende Nachbearbeitung lässt sich eine hohe Flanschparallelität mit engen Kammermaßtoleranzen erzielen. Insbesondere letzteres erlaubt, wie auch bei gezogenen Profilen, in aller Regel die Verwendung nur einer Rollengröße. Hinzu kommt, dass die Profile, bedingt durch die spanende Nachbearbeitung, keine Randabkohlungserscheinungen zeigen, welche bei lediglich gewalzten Profilen möglich sind. Trotzdem ist dieses Verfahren aufgrund der erforderlichen spanenden Nachbearbeitung und des damit einhergehenden Material- und Werkzeugaufwands noch verbesserungswürdig. Gegenüber den nur warmgewalzten Hubmastprofilen ist es außerdem deutlich teurer.Currently, the machining of the functional surfaces of previously hot-rolled mast profiles is also favored. Although profiles produced in this way have a worse weldability compared to drawn profiles, they are less expensive to produce than these. By machining a high flange parallelism can be achieved with tight chamber dimensions tolerances. In particular, the latter allows, as with drawn profiles, usually the use of only one roll size. In addition, the profiles, due to the machining, do not show marginal decarburization phenomena, which in the case of only rolled ones Profiles are possible. Nevertheless, this method is still in need of improvement due to the required machining and the associated material and tooling costs. Compared to the only hot-rolled mast profiles, it is also significantly more expensive.
Die Druckschriften
Jedes der zuvor genannten Verfahren ist jedoch verbesserungswürdig. Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung oder Nachkalibrierung von Metallprofilen und eine Vorrichtung zur Durchführung eines solchen Verfahrens zur Verfügung zu stellen, das die Vorteile der vorstehend beschriebenen bekannten Verfahren so weit wie möglich auf sich vereint. Es sollen ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung bereitgestellt werden, mit denen insbesondere Hubmastprofile mit parallelen Flanschen, engen Toleranzen und hoher Materialfestigkeit hinsichtlich des Verschleißes hergestellt werden können. Ziel ist ein Hubmastprofil, dass mehrere Rollengrößen beim Aufbau eines Hubmastgerüsts entbehrlich macht, dass sich durch gute Verschleißeigenschaften, Schweißeignung und Sprödbruchsicherheit auszeichnet, ein gutes Einlaufverhalten aufweist und trotzdem zu einem geringeren Preis als gefräste Hubmastprofile herstellbar ist.However, any of the aforementioned methods is in need of improvement. The object of the invention is therefore to provide a method for the production or recalibration of metal profiles and an apparatus for performing such a method, which combines the advantages of the known methods described above as far as possible. A method and a device are to be provided with which in particular lift mast profiles with parallel flanges, narrow tolerances and high material strength with respect to wear can be produced. The aim is a mast profile that makes multiple roles in the construction of a lift mast unnecessary, that is characterized by good wear characteristics, weldability and brittle resistance, has a good run-in behavior and is still produced at a lower price than milled mast profiles.
Diese Aufgabe wird nach der Erfindung durch ein Walzgerüst nach dem Wortlaut des Anspruchs 1 und durch ein Verfahren nach dem Wortlaut des Anspruchs 5 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention by a rolling stand according to the wording of
Entgegen der zuvor beschriebenen Verfahren der Nachkalibrierung lediglich warmgewalzter Profile im Wege des Ziehens oder der spanenden Nachbearbeitung ermöglicht die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung bzw. das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren insbesondere das Nachkalibrieren vorgewalzter Profilrohlinge im Wege des Walzens im Temperaturbereich der Kaltumformung. Durch dieses Nachkalibrieren werden eine hohe Flanschparallelität, enge Kammermaßtoleranzen und eine gezielte und definiert einsetzbare Kaltverfestigung des Materials im Bereich der bei Hubmastprofilen besonders beanspruchten, oberflächennahen Flanschinnenseiten erreicht. Beim Aufbau von Hubmastgerüsten kommt man bei Verwendung von auf diese Art hergestellten Profilen mit einer Rollengröße aus. Das Material lässt sich gut schweißen, die kaltverfestigten Flanschinnenseiten zeigen gute Verschleißeigenschaften und geringes Einlaufspiel. Die Sprödbruchsicherheit ist gut. Auch die Oberflächengüte der Flanschinnenseiten ist bedingt dadurch, dass etwaige Unebenheiten oder Riefen vom Warmwalzprozess durch den auf der Flanschinnenseite stattfindenden Walzvorgang ausgeglichen bzw. geglättet werden, gut. Die Herstellungskosten liegen deutlich unterhalb derjenigen Herstellungskosten, die bei spanend nachbearbeiteten Profilen anfallen. Es lassen sich mittels der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung bzw. mittels des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens also Spezialprofile mit einem anspruchsvollen Kammermaßtoleranzniveau zu einem günstigen Preis herstellen, ohne dass diese kalt gezogen oder spanend nachbearbeitet werden müssten.Contrary to the previously described method of recalibrating only hot-rolled profiles by means of drawing or machining, the device according to the invention or the method according to the invention makes it possible in particular to recalibrate pre-rolled profile blanks by means of rolling in the temperature range of cold forming. By this recalibration a high flange parallelism, tight Kammermaßtoleranzen and a targeted and defined usable work hardening of the material in the area of the mast profiles particularly stressed, near-surface flange inner sides are achieved. The construction of lifting masts comes with the use of profiles produced in this way with a roll size. The material can be welded well, the cold-worked flange inside pages show good wear characteristics and low clearance. The brittle security is good. The surface quality of the flange inside is due to the fact that any bumps or grooves are compensated or smoothed by the hot rolling process by taking place on the flange inside rolling process, good. The production costs are well below those manufacturing costs incurred in machined post-processed profiles. By means of the device according to the invention or by means of the method according to the invention, it is thus possible to produce special profiles with a demanding chamber dimension tolerance level at a favorable price, without having to draw them cold or post-machining them.
Die Anordnung der beiden inneren Arbeitsrollen derart, dass sie einerseits auf der Innenseite der Flansche abrollen und sich gleichzeitig mittig zwischen den beiden Flanschen berühren, sorgt dafür, dass die zur Kaltumformung notwendigen hohen Flächenpressungen an der Flanschinnenseite gut und auf einfache, effiziente Weise abgestützt werden können. Es versteht sich von selbst, dass die inneren Arbeitsrollen zu diesem Zweck aus einem hochfesten Material, insbesondere einem hochvergüteten Stahl (z.B. 100 Cr 6) oder einem belastbaren Keramikwerkstoff und mit jeweils hoher Oberflächengüte hergestellt sind.The arrangement of the two inner work rolls such that they roll on the one hand on the inside of the flanges and at the same time in the middle between the two flanges, ensures that necessary for cold forming high surface pressures on the flange inside can be supported well and in a simple, efficient manner , It goes without saying that the inner work rolls for this purpose are made of a high-strength material, in particular a high-tempered steel (for example 100 Cr 6) or a load-bearing ceramic material and in each case with a high surface quality.
Regelmäßig ist jeder inneren Arbeitsrolle jeweils ein Stützkörper zugeordnet. Dieser stützt die von der jeweiligen inneren Arbeitsrolle auf die Profilflanschinnenseite ausgeübten Umformkräfte an der jeweiligen Flanschaußenseite ab. Die Stützkörper sind bevorzugt von einer ersten Stützrolle und einer zweiten Stützrolle gebildet und ebenso wie die inneren Arbeitsrollen drehbar im Walzgerüst gelagert.Each inner work roll is regularly assigned a support body. This supports the force exerted by the respective inner work roll on the Profilflanschinnenseite forming forces on the respective flange outside. The supporting bodies are preferably formed by a first supporting roller and a second supporting roller and, like the inner working rollers, are rotatably mounted in the rolling stand.
Neben der Verwendung Stützrollen können auch andersartige Stützkörper zum Einsatz kommen. Die Wahl der Stützkörper hängt unter anderem davon ab, auf welche Art und Weise das Metallprofil und das Walzgerüst relativ zueinander verfahren werden. Alternativ zu den Stützrollen, die bevorzugt dann zum Einsatz kommen, wenn das Metallprofil relativ zu einem stehenden Walzgerüst verfahren wird oder aber wenn die inneren Arbeitsrollen mit den Stützrollen zusammen relativ zu einem fest eingespannten Metallprofil verfahren werden, kann auch die Verwendung von plattenförmigen Stützkörpern vorgesehen sein, die sich außenseitig an die Flansche anlegen und die von den Arbeitsrollen auf die Flanschinnenseiten wirkenden Umformkräfte abstützen. Das Metallprofil kann dann zwischen den außenseitig anliegenden Stützkörpern fest verspannt und von diesen gehalten sein. Hierzu sind die Stützkörper bevorzugt von länglichen, plattenartigen Körpern oder von Stützschienen gebildet, die mit einer ebenen Anlagefläche gegen die Flanschaußenseiten angestellt werden und die Umformkräfte abstützten. Die Stützkörper oder Stützschienen können sich in diesem Fall über die gesamte zu bearbeitende Länge des Metallprofils erstrecken.In addition to the use of support rollers and other types of support body can be used. The choice of the support body depends inter alia on the way in which the metal profile and the roll stand are moved relative to each other. alternative to the support rollers, which are preferably used when the metal profile is moved relative to a stationary rolling stand or when the inner work rolls are moved together with the support rollers relative to a firmly clamped metal profile, the use of plate-shaped supporting bodies may be provided which bear against the flanges on the outside and which support the forming forces acting on the flange inner sides by the working rollers. The metal profile can then be firmly clamped between the externally applied supporting bodies and held by them. For this purpose, the support body are preferably formed by elongated, plate-like bodies or support rails, which are employed with a flat contact surface against the flange outer sides and supported the forming forces. The support body or support rails may extend in this case over the entire length of the metal profile to be machined.
Eine weitere alternative Möglichkeit ist die Verwendung eines Stützkörpers aus einer Vielzahl von gelenkig miteinander verbundenen Einzelplatten, die nach Art einer Panzerkette miteinander zusammenwirken. Diese so miteinander verbundenen Einzelplatten können außerdem entweder die erforderlichen Vorschubkräfte auf das zu bewegende Metallprofil ausüben, um dieses relativ zu einem fest stehenden Arbeitsrollenpaar zu verfahren, oder sich als Teil des Walzgerüsts mit diesem mitbewegen und bevorzugt dazu genutzt werden, die erforderlichen Vorschubkräfte auf das sich relativ zum feststehenden Metallprofil bewegende Arbeitsrollenpaar zu übertragen.Another alternative possibility is the use of a support body of a plurality of hingedly interconnected individual plates, which cooperate with each other in the manner of a tank chain. These so interconnected individual plates can also either exert the necessary feed forces on the metal profile to be moved to move this relative to a fixed pair of work rolls, or move as part of the rolling stand with this and are preferably used, the required feed forces on the to transfer relative to the fixed metal profile moving pair of work rolls.
Über die im Einzelfall geeignetste Art und Weise, wie das das Arbeitsrollenpaar aufweisende Walzgerüst und das Metallprofil relativ zueinander verfahren werden, also insbesondere die Frage, ob das Metallprofil fest eingespannt wird und das Arbeitsrollenpaar zwischen den Flanschen hindurchgedrückt oder hindurchgezogen wird oder ob das Metallprofil relativ zu einem feststehenden Arbeitsrollenpaar bewegt wird, wird der Fachmann unter Berücksichtigung der Gegebenheiten des jeweiligen Anwendungsfalls entscheiden. Gleiches gilt für die Frage, wie die hierzu erforderlichen Vorschubkräfte auf das Metallprofil oder auf das Walzgerüst übertragen werden.On the most suitable case in the individual case, how the pair of work rolls rolling mill and the metal profile are moved relative to each other, so in particular the question of whether the metal profile is firmly clamped and the pair of work rolls pushed or pulled between the flanges or if the metal profile relative to a fixed pair of work rolls is moved, the expert will decide taking into account the circumstances of each application. The same applies to the question of how the feed forces required for this are transferred to the metal profile or to the rolling stand.
Bei bestimmungsgemäßer Bestückung des Walzgerüsts mit dem Metallprofil und bei einem Verfahren des Walzgerüsts und des Metallprofils relativ zueinander wird der erste Flansch zwischen erster innerer Arbeitsrolle und erstem äußeren Stützkörper, also im ersten Arbeitsspalt, und der zweite Flansch zwischen zweiter innerer Arbeitsrolle und zweitem äußeren Stützkörper, also im zweiten Arbeitsspalt, gewalzt.When the roll stand is fitted to the metal profile as intended and when the roll stand and the metal profile are moved relative to each other, the first flange between the first inner work roll and the first outer support body, ie in the first working gap, and the second flange between the second inner work roll and the second outer support body, So in the second working gap, rolled.
Der Begriff "Arbeitsspalt" ist dahingehend zu verstehen, dass die Umformarbeit maßgeblich durch die von den inneren Arbeitsrollen auf die Flanschinnenseiten ausgeübten Kräfte geleistet wird und die Stützkörper die von den inneren Arbeitsrollen auf die Flanschinnenseiten ausgeübten Kräfte lediglich nach außen abstützen, um eine seitliche Verformung bzw. Ausbiegung der Flansche und/oder eine Streckung des zwischen den Flanschen befindlichen Profilsteges, also eine Änderung der Steghöhe, zu verhindern. Der Abstand der Stützkörper ist dabei auf den Abstand der Flanschaußenseiten abgestimmt. Die Verformung und die damit einhergehende Erzielung des angestrebten Kammermaßes kann durch diese Maßnahmen infolge einer tatsächlichen, örtlich begrenzten Verringerung der Flanschmaterialdicke durch plastische Umformung des oberflächennah zur Flanschinnenseite befindlichen Flanschmaterials erreicht werden.The term "working gap" is to be understood to mean that the forming work is largely done by the force exerted by the inner work on the flange inner sides forces and the support body, the forces exerted by the inner work on the Flanschinnenseiten forces only outwardly supported to lateral deformation or Deflection of the flanges and / or an extension of the profile web located between the flanges, ie a change in the web height, to be prevented. The distance between the support body is matched to the distance of the flange outside. The deformation and the concomitant achievement of the desired chamber dimension can be achieved by these measures as a result of an actual localized reduction of the Flanschmaterialdicke by plastic deformation of the near-flange surface to the flange material.
Da es nicht Ziel der Erfindung ist, die Steghöhe des Profils nachzukalibrieren oder die Flanschaußenseite durch Kaltverformung zu verändern, sondern den Abstand der Flanschinnenseiten voneinander und deren Oberflächenkontur quer zur Profillängsrichtung innerhalb enger Toleranzen fertigen zu können, ist bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform vorgesehen, dass die Stützkörper derart bemessen sind, dass sie bei bestimmungsgemäßer Verwendung der Vorrichtung eine so niedrige Flächenpressung zwischen Flanschaußenseite und Stützkörper verursachen, dass keine nennenswerte plastische Verformung des oberflächennah zur Flanschaußenseite befindlichen Flanschmaterials stattfindet.Since it is not the aim of the invention to recalibrate the ridge height of the profile or to change the flange outside by cold deformation, but to be able to produce the distance between the flange inner sides and their surface contour transversely to the profile longitudinal direction within narrow tolerances is provided in a preferred embodiment that the support body are dimensioned such that they cause such a low surface pressure between the flange outside and support body when the device is used as intended, that no significant plastic deformation of the flanged material located close to the surface of the flange takes place.
Typischerweise verwenden verschiedene Hersteller von Flurförderfahrzeugen für Hubmastprofile eigene Wälzkörper- bzw. Rollenformgeometrien. Die Erfindung ermöglicht es durch Verwendung herstellerspezifischer innerer Arbeitsrollenformen, bereits bei Fertigung der Hubmastprofile die Oberfläche der Flanschinnenseite an die herstellerspezifisch verwendete Wälzkörper- bzw. Rollengeometrie anzupassen. Hierzu weisen die inneren Arbeitsrollen im Bereich der sich bei bestimmungsgemäßer Verwendung der Vorrichtung ausbildenden Kontaktfläche zwischen innerer Arbeitsrolle und Flanschinnenseite eine nichtzylindrische Außenkontur auf. Die Außenkontur dieser Kontaktfläche kann sich beim Vorgang der Kaltverformung an der Flanschinnenseite abbilden.Typically, various manufacturers of industrial trucks for hoisting mast use their own Wälzkörper- or Rollenformgeometrien. The invention allows By using manufacturer-specific inner work roll forms, the surface of the flange inside already adapted to the manufacturer-specific Wälzkörper- or role geometry when manufacturing the Hubmastprofile. For this purpose, the inner work rolls have a non-cylindrical outer contour in the region of the contact surface formed between the inner work roll and the inner side of the flange when the device is used as intended. The outer contour of this contact surface can be reflected during the process of cold deformation on the flange inside.
Das Umformen der Metallprofile auf das angestrebte Kammermaß kann sowohl vor dem Einführen des Metallprofils in eine Rollenrichteinrichtung oder aber zwischen einzelnen Rollenrichtvorgängen erfolgen. Das Umformen des Metallprofils auf das angestrebte Kammermaß vor einem abschließenden Durchgang durch eine Rollenrichtmaschine und/oder einer abschließende Nachbearbeitung in einer Richtpresse ist insbesondere deshalb sinnvoll, weil nicht immer ausgeschlossen werden kann, dass ungleichmäßige Umformungsgrade auftreten, die zum Beispiel eine Verdrallung oder Verbiegung des Metallprofils zur Folge haben könnten, die durch eine Rollenrichtmaschine und/oder eine Richtpresse wieder auszugleichen wäre. Das Walzgerüst kann auch in eine Rollenrichtmaschine integriert sein. In diesem Fall sollte das Walzgerüst innerhalb der Rollenrichtmaschine beweglich sein, um etwaige Bewegungen des Metallprofils quer zur Profillängsrichtung ausgleichen zu können.The deformation of the metal profiles to the desired chamber size can be done both prior to insertion of the metal profile in a roller straightening or between individual Rollenrichtvorgängen. The forming of the metal profile to the desired chamber size before a final passage through a roller leveler and / or a final reworking in a straightening press is particularly useful because it can not always be ruled out that uneven degrees of deformation occur, for example, a twisting or bending of the metal profile could result, which would be compensated by a Rollenrichtmaschine and / or a straightening press again. The rolling stand can also be integrated in a roller leveler. In this case, the roll stand should be movable within the roller leveler to compensate for any movements of the metal profile transverse to the profile longitudinal direction can.
Beim Walzvorgang sind die inneren Arbeitsrollen, die um eine Rotationsachse rotieren, bevorzugt mit einer in Richtung der Rotationsachse wirkenden und die inneren Arbeitsrollen in Richtung des Profilstegs drängenden Anpresskraft beaufschlagt, die gewährleistet, dass die inneren Arbeitsrollen im Übergang von Flansch zum Steg des Metallprofils immer gut anliegen oder zumindest in einem definierten Abstand zum Steg gehalten werden. Die von den inneren Arbeitsrollen auf die Flanschinnenseite ausgeübte, gegebenenfalls herstellerspezifische Verformung bleibt in Profillängsrichtung konstant. Ein Auswandern der Arbeitsrollen weg von der durch die Profilstegoberfläche definierten Ebene zum Profiläußeren kann so ausgeschlossen werden. Diese Andrückkraft kann selbstverständlich auch oder zusätzlich von einer Andrückrolle geleistet werden, die auf der dem Arbeitsrollenpaar abgewandten Seite des Metallprofils angeordnet ist und das Metallprofil gegen das Arbeitsrollenpaar anstellt, um zu verhindern, dass das Metallprofil sich beim Verfahren relativ zum Arbeitsrollenpaar von diesem entfernt.During the rolling process, the inner work rolls, which rotate about a rotation axis, preferably acted upon by a force acting in the direction of the rotation axis and the inner work rolls in the direction of the profile web pressing force, which ensures that the inner work rolls in the transition from flange to the web of the metal profile always good abutment or at least kept at a defined distance to the web. The optionally manufacturer-specific deformation exerted by the inner work rolls on the flange inside remains constant in the profile longitudinal direction. An emigration of the work rolls away from the through the profiled web surface defined level to the profile exterior can be excluded. This pressing force can of course also or additionally be provided by a pressure roller, which is arranged on the working roll pair side facing away from the metal profile and hires the metal profile against the pair of work rolls to prevent the metal profile in the process relative to the pair of work rolls away from this.
Um zu verhindern, dass die inneren Arbeitsrollen mit ihrer dem Steg zugewandten Stirnseite MahLspuren auf dem Steg hinterlassen, kann auch ein Abstandselement vorgesehen sein, dass die inneren Arbeitsrollen trotz der in Richtung des Profilstegs drängenden Anpresskraft in einem definierten Abstand zur Stegoberfläche hält. Ein solches Abstandselement kann von einer Abstandsrolle oder einem sonstigen Wälzkörper gebildet sein, die beim Verfahren des Profils relativ zum Walzgerüst schonend auf der Stegoberfläche abrollen oder abgleiten.In order to prevent the inner work rolls with their web-facing end face leaving MahLspuren on the web, and a spacer can be provided that holds the inner work rolls despite the urging in the direction of the profile web contact pressure at a defined distance from the web surface. Such a spacer may be formed by a spacer roller or other rolling elements, which roll or slide gently on the web surface during the process of the profile relative to the rolling mill.
Weiter vorteilhaft weist die Vorrichtung eine erste Reinigungseinrichtung auf, die Bereiche des Metallprofils von Verunreinigungen reinigt, bevor diese in das Walzgerüst eintreten. Solche Verunreinigungen können durch Zunder entstehen, der bei vorgelagerten Verfahrensschritten von der Profiloberfläche abplatzt. Die Reinigungseinrichtung kann die Verunreinigung insbesondere mit Pressluft abblasen, mit Wasser abspülen oder durch Bürsten oder eine Kombination dieser Vorgänge entfernen. Der Reinigungsvorgang findet bevorzugt kontinuierlich während des Verfahrens des Metallprofils relativ zum Walzgerüst statt. Mit der ersten Reinigungseinrichtung oder aber mit einer zusätzlichen zweiten Reinigungseinrichtung können auf gleiche Weise auch der Stützkörper und/oder innere Arbeitsrollen gereinigt werden.Further advantageously, the device has a first cleaning device, which cleans areas of the metal profile of impurities before they enter the mill stand. Such impurities can be created by scale, which flakes off the profile surface in upstream process steps. The cleaning device may in particular blow off the contamination with compressed air, rinse with water or remove by brushing or a combination of these operations. The cleaning process preferably takes place continuously during the process of the metal profile relative to the roll stand. With the first cleaning device or with an additional second cleaning device and the support body and / or inner work rolls can be cleaned in the same way.
Der Walzprozess kann insbesondere dann, wenn der für das angestrebte Kammermaß erforderliche Verformungsgrad so hoch ist, dass er nur schwer durch einen einzigen Durchgang erreicht werden kann, mehrstufig erfolgen. So kann das Metallprofil entweder mehrfach durch ein und dasselbe Walzgerüst geführt werden oder aber es können mehrere Walzgerüste hintereinander durchlaufen werden, wobei der auf das Metallprofil ausgeübte Druck oder die innere Arbeitsrollen- und/oder Arbeitsspaltgeometrie schrittweise angepasst werden kann.The rolling process can be carried out in multiple stages, in particular if the degree of deformation required for the desired chamber size is so high that it can only be achieved with difficulty by means of a single passage. Thus, the metal profile can either be performed several times by one and the same rolling mill or it can several rolling stands are traversed in succession, wherein the force exerted on the metal profile pressure or the inner work roll and / or working gap geometry can be gradually adjusted.
Um möglicherweise auftretende Walzwulste in einem Arbeitsgang mit dem Walzprozess entfernen zu können, kann am Walzgerüst oder an der Vorrichtung, in der das Walzgerüst eingebettet ist, eine Vorrichtung zur Entfernung der Walzwulst, insbesondere ein Hobel, angeordnet sein.In order to be able to remove possibly occurring rolling beads in one operation with the rolling process, a device for removing the rolling bead, in particular a planer, can be arranged on the rolling stand or on the device in which the rolling stand is embedded.
Es kann vorgesehen sein, die inneren Arbeitsrollen motorisch anzutreiben, um das Verfahren des Walzgerüsts und des Metallprofils relativ zu einander zu gewährleisten. Alternativ oder zusätzlich hierzu kann vorgesehen dass, dass die äußeren Stützkörper von motorisch angetriebenen Stützrollen gebildet sind. Auch die zuvor erwähnte Andruckrolle kann alternativ oder zusätzlich zu Arbeits- und/oder Stützrollen angetrieben werden.It can be provided to drive the inner work rollers by motor to ensure the process of the rolling stand and the metal profile relative to each other. Alternatively or additionally, it can be provided that the outer supporting bodies are formed by motor-driven supporting rollers. Also, the aforementioned pressure roller can be driven alternatively or in addition to working and / or support rollers.
Weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele anhand der Zeichnungen.Further features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the subclaims and from the following description of preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings.
In den Zeichnungen zeigt:
-
Fig. 1 eine Frontalansicht auf ein Walzgerüst, bei dem Flansche eines Metallprofils zwischen inneren Arbeitsrollen und äußeren Stützrollen hindurchgeführt werden, undFig. 2 dieAnordnung aus Figur 1 in einer Draufsicht, -
Fig. 3a bis Fig. 3c die schrittweise Veränderung des Metallprofils ausgehend von einem Metallprofilrohling (Fig. 3a ) bis zum nachkalibrierten Metallprofil (Fig. 3c ), und -
Fig. 4 eine stufenweise Erweiterung des Kammermaßes eines Metallprofils durch stufenweises Verstellen der inneren Arbeitsrollen relativ zur Vorschubrichtung V.
-
Fig. 1 a frontal view of a rolling stand, in which flanges of a metal profile between inner work rollers and outer support rollers are passed, andFig. 2 the arrangementFIG. 1 in a plan view, -
Fig. 3a to Fig. 3c the gradual change of the metal profile starting from a metal profile blank (Fig. 3a ) to the recalibrated metal profile (Fig. 3c ), and -
Fig. 4 a stepwise extension of the chamber dimension of a metal profile by stepwise adjustment of the inner work rolls relative to the feed direction V.
Die innere Arbeitsrolle 11 bildet eine erste innere Arbeitsrolle und die innere Arbeitsrolle 12 bildet eine zweite innere Arbeitsrolle im Sinne der Erfindung. Zusammen bilden sie ein inneres Arbeitsrollenpaar, das zwischen Flanschen 21 und 22 angeordnet ist. Entsprechend bildet auch die innere Arbeitsrolle 13 eine erste innere Arbeitsrolle und die innere Arbeitsrolle 14 eine zweite innere Arbeitrolle im Sinne der Erfindung aus, die zusammen ein weiteres inneres Arbeitsrollenpaar bilden, dass zwischen den Flanschen 23 und 24 angeordnet ist. Eine erste Stützrolle 15 wirkt von außen auf die Flansche 21 und 23 und eine zweite Stützrolle 16 wirkt von außen auf die Flansche 22 und 24. Die in
Erste innere Arbeitsrolle 11 und erste äußere Stützrolle 15 bilden zwischen sich einen ersten Arbeitsspalt aus, eine zweite innere Arbeitsrolle 12 und zweite äußere Stützrolle 16 bilden zwischen sich einen zweiten Arbeitsspalt aus. Ebenso bilden erste innere Arbeitsrolle 13 und erste äußere Stützrolle 15 zwischen sich einen ersten Arbeitsspalt im Sinne der Erfindung aus; und zweite innere Arbeitsrolle 14 und zweite äußere Stützrolle 16 bilden zwischen sich einen zweiten Arbeitsspalt im Sinne der Erfindung aus. In der in
Die vorstehend beschriebene doppelte Anordnung von insgesamt jeweils zwei inneren Arbeitsrollenpaaren, zwei ersten Flanschen, zwei zweiten Flanschen, zwei ersten Arbeitsspalten und zwei zweiten Arbeitsspalten entfällt selbstverständlich dann zu Gunsten einer einfachen Anordnung, wenn kein Doppelkammerprofil (z.B. Doppel T-Profil) sondern ein Einkammerprofil (z.B. U-Profil) herzustellen oder nachzukalibrieren ist.The above-described double arrangement of a total of two inner working roller pairs, two first flanges, two second flanges, two first working gaps and two second working gaps is of course then omitted in favor of a simple arrangement, if no double-chamber profile (eg double T-profile) but a single-chamber profile ( eg U-profile) or recalibrate is.
Während des Durchtritts des jeweiligen Flanschs durch den jeweiligen Arbeitsspalt üben die inneren Arbeitsrollen Umformkräfte auf die Flanschinnenseiten aus und führen zu einer Kaltumformung an den Flanschinnenseiten und damit zu einer oberflächennahen Kaltverfestigung und zu einer Oberflächenglättung. Dieser Vorgang ist in
Die in
Was die inneren Arbeitsrollen angeht, so wird bei einem angestrebten Endkammermaß K1 jede innere Arbeitsrolle einen Nenndurchmesser von ½ K1 aufweisen, also die Hälfte des angestrebten Endkammermaßes K1. Bei typischer Weise eingesetzten Kammermaßen zwischen 60 mm und 200 mm kämen also innere Arbeitsrollen mit Nenndurchmessern zwischen 30 mm und 100 mm zum Einsatz. Der Nenndurchmesser ist gegebenenfalls um einen Zuschlag erhöht, der berücksichtigt, dass das Flanschmaterial und das Material der inneren Arbeitsrollen selbst eine gewisse Materialelastizität aufweisen und bei Beaufschlagung mit den Umformkräften selbst in geringem Maße elastisch, also ohne zurückbleibende plastische Umformung, nachgeben und anschließend wieder zurückfedern. Der tatsächliche Durchmesser kann also geringfügig größer sein als der Nenndurchmesser ½ K1.As far as the inner work rolls are concerned, with an intended final chamber dimension K 1, each inner work roll will have a nominal diameter of ½ K 1 , that is to say half of the desired final chamber dimension K 1 . In the case of typical chamber dimensions between 60 mm and 200 mm, internal work rolls with nominal diameters between 30 mm and 100 mm would be used. The nominal diameter is optionally increased by a surcharge, which takes into account that the flange material and the material of the inner work rolls themselves have a certain elasticity material and even when exposed to the forming forces even to a small extent elastic, ie without remaining plastic deformation, give way and then spring back again. The actual diameter can therefore be slightly larger than the nominal diameter ½ K 1 .
Eine weitere Besonderheit des Verfahrens bzw. des Walzgerüstes ist, dass die inneren Arbeitsrollen zumindest in dem Bereich, in dem sie beim Umformprozess mit den Flanschinnenseiten in Kontakt stehen, eine nichtzylindrische Außenkontur aufweisen können. In den Figuren sind die inneren Arbeitsrollen veranschaulichend bombiert gezeichnet. Sie weisen also einen Querschnitt wie eine außenseitig positiv gekrümmte, konvexe Sammellinse auf. Aber auch andere Querschnittsformen, insbesondere auch ein Querschnitt wie eine außenseitig negativ gekrümmte, konkave Zerstreuungslinse, oder unstete Außenkonturverläufe sind grundsätzlich denkbar. Dies ermöglicht es, bereits im Fertigungsprozess bestimmte, gegebenenfalls herstellerspezifische Rollenformen zu berücksichtigen und deren Außenkontur in den Flanschinnenseiten abzubilden. Dies verringert das sich über die Betriebszeit eines Hubmastgerüsts vergrößernde, sich einem Grenzwert annähernde Einlaufspiel, da die Rollen von Anfang auf einer ihrer Außenkontur angepasstem Oberfläche abrollen und sich daher im Laufe der Betriebszeit in deutlich verringertem Maße in diese Oberfläche einarbeiten. Im Idealfall wird die diese Einarbeitung vollständig verhindert.Another special feature of the method or of the roll stand is that the inner work rolls can have a non-cylindrical outer contour at least in the region in which they are in contact with the flange inner sides during the forming process. In the figures, the inner work rolls are drawn illustratively cambered. So you have a cross section as an outside positively curved, Convex convex lens on. However, other cross-sectional shapes, in particular also a cross-section such as an externally negatively curved, concave diverging lens, or unsteady outer contour profiles are conceivable in principle. This makes it possible to consider certain manufacturer-specific roll shapes, which may already be in the manufacturing process, and to map their outer contours in the flange inner sides. This reduces the run-in clearance which increases over the operating time of a lifting mast, approaching a limit value, since the rollers roll from the beginning on a surface adapted to their outer contour and therefore work into this surface to a significantly reduced extent during the operating time. Ideally, this incorporation is completely prevented.
Mit dem Verfahren lassen sich, bei entsprechend ausgestalteter Außenkontur derinneren Arbeitsrollen, auch nicht parallele Flanschinnenseiten erzeugen. Dabei kann die Nichtparallelität sowohl dergestalt sein, dass sich ausgehend vom Steg ein sich schließendes Kammermaß ergibt (der wirksame Außendurchmesser der inneren Arbeitsrollen verringert sich in einer von der Stegoberläche wegweisenden Richtung), als auch dergestalt sein, dass sich ausgehend vom Steg ein sich öffnendes Kammermaß ergibt (der wirksame Außendurchmesser der inneren Arbeitsrollen vergrößert sich in einer von der Stegoberläche wegweisenden Richtung). Außerdem ermöglicht das Verfahren bzw. das Walzgerüst, bei warmgewalzten Stahlprofilen die typischerweise vom Steg ausgehenden, nicht parallelen sondern sich öffnenden Flanschinnenseiten derart umzuformen, dass diese anschließend parallel verlaufen.With the method, it is also possible to produce non-parallel flange inner sides, given a correspondingly designed outer contour of the inner work rolls. In this case, the non-parallelism can both be such that, starting from the web, a closing chamber dimension results (the effective outer diameter of the inner work rolls decreases in a direction away from the web surface), and be such that starting from the web an opening chamber dimension results (the effective outer diameter of the inner work rolls increases in a direction away from the web surface direction). In addition, the method or the rolling stand, in hot-rolled steel profiles, allows the flange inside sides, which typically originate from the web, to be formed in such a way that they subsequently run parallel, but not parallel but opening.
Wie aus
Für die Stützkörper hat sich gezeigt, dass der Kontaktbereich mit der Außenfläche der Profilflansche insbesondere dann eine ausreichend geringe Flächenpressung zur Vermeidung plastischer Verformung an der Flanschaußenseite gewährleistet, wenn der wirksame Durchmesser des Stützkörpers an dieser Stelle etwa 700 mm bis 750 mm oder mehr beträgt. Dies ist allerdings nicht als starrer Wert zu verstehen. Je nach Material des Metallprofils können auch hiervon abweichende Werte sinnvolle Ergebnisse erzielen.For the support body has been shown that the contact area with the outer surface of the profile flanges, in particular, ensures a sufficiently low surface pressure to prevent plastic deformation on the flange outside, when the effective diameter of the support body at this point is about 700 mm to 750 mm or more. However, this is not to be understood as a rigid value. Depending on the material of the metal profile, deviating values can also yield meaningful results.
Es sei aber darauf hingewiesen, dass die Stützkörper nicht notwendiger Weise von einer Stützrolle gebildet sein müssen. Sie können beispielsweise auch von einer Platte oder Schiene mit Seitenanschlag oder von einer Vielzahl gelenkig miteinander verbundener Einzelplatten, die nach Art einer Panzerkette miteinander verbunden sind und insgesamt eine flächige, ebene Stützfläche ausbilden, gebildet sein. Die Wahl der Stützkörperform wird sich unter anderen danach richten, ob das Walzgerüst relativ zu einem ortsfest verspannten Metallprofil verfahren wird, oder ob das Walzgerüst ortsfest verbaut ist und das Metallprofil gegenüber dem Walzgerüst verfahren wird. Insbesondere im letzteren Fall bietet es sich an, die inneren Arbeitsrollen und/oder die Stützkörper, sofern diese als Stützrollen ausgeführt sind, motorisch anzutreiben. Werden sowohl Stützrollen als auch innere Arbeitsrollen angetrieben, ist selbstverständlich für eine Synchronisation der Oberflächengeschwindigkeiten Sorge zu tragen.It should be noted, however, that the support body does not necessarily have to be formed by a support roller. They can also be formed, for example, by a plate or rail with side stop or by a plurality of hingedly interconnected individual plates, which are connected to each other in the manner of a tank chain and form a flat, flat support surface. The choice of the support body shape will depend, among other things, whether the rolling stand is moved relative to a stationary metal profile tense, or whether the rolling stand is installed stationary and the metal profile is moved relative to the rolling stand. Especially in the latter case, it makes sense to drive the inner work rolls and / or the support body, if they are designed as support rollers, motor. Become driven both support rollers and inner work rolls, of course, to ensure synchronization of the surface speeds.
Da eine Stützrolle keine Umformarbeit zu leisten hat, kann diese bei entsprechender Dimensionierung zur Überbrückung bzw. Tolerierung von Unebenheiten der Flanschaußenseite und/oder zum durchrutschsicheren Antrieb des Walzgutes mit einer geringfügig nachgiebigen und/oder reibungsintensiven Antriebsbeschichtung, zum Beispiel mit Hartgummi, ummantelt bzw. beschichtet sein. Eine solche Beschichtung unterstützt außerdem die Gewährleistung der angestrebten, niedrigen Flächenpressung an der Flanschaußenseite.Since a support role has no work to be done, this can with appropriate dimensioning for bridging or tolerating unevenness of the flange outside and / or for non-slip drive of the rolling with a slightly yielding and / or friction-intensive drive coating, coated with hard rubber for example be. Such a coating also helps to ensure the desired, low surface pressure on the flange outside.
Der erste und der zweite Stützkörper können selbstverständlich auch von einem einzigen Bauteil gebildet sein, das die Umformkräfte beidseitig, also sowohl am ersten als auch am zweiten Flansch, abstützt.The first and the second support body can of course also be formed by a single component, which supports the forming forces on both sides, that is to say both on the first and on the second flange.
Eine solche Ausgestaltung bietet insbesondere die Möglichkeit, das Kammermaß stufenweise ausgehend von dem Ausgangskammermaß K0 (noch unbearbeitetes Metallprofil) zu dem Endkammermaß K3 zu verändern. Bei einem ersten Durchgang schließt die Achse A1 mit der Profillängsseite oder der Vorschubrichtung V einen Winkel α1 ein, um das Kammermaß K0 auf das Kammermaß K1 zu erweitern. In einem zweiten Durchgang wird der Winkel α1 auf den Winkel α2 erweitert, um den Arbeitsspalt etwas zu verengen und um so das Kammermaß K1 auf das Kammermaß K2 zu erweitern. In einem dritten Durchgang wird der Winkel α2 auf den Winkel α3 erweitert, um den Arbeitsspalt ein weiteres Mal zu verengen und um so das Kammermaß K2 auf das Kammermaß K3 zu erweitern, welches dann in dem in
Bei dem vorstehend beschriebenen mehrstufigen Verfahren wird der Winkel α stufenweise erhöht, um den Arbeitsspalt, der für jeden einzelnen Durchgang aber ansonsten konstant gehalten wird, stufenweise zu verengen. Die in
Hierzu bietet es sich an, dem inneren Arbeitsrollenpaar bzw. einer Verstell- und Steuerungseinrichtung, mit der Winkel α eingestellt wird, eine Messeinrichtung zuzuordnen, die während eines Durchlaufs das Ist-Kammermaß detektiert. Der Messpunkt bzw. Messwert eilt dabei vorzugsweise dem Arbeitsspalt voraus, so dass nach Erfassen einer Abweichung unmittelbar durch eine Verstellung des Winkels α reagiert werden kann. Es ist aber auch denkbar, dass der Messpunkt bzw. der Messwert dem Arbeitsspalt nacheilt oder dass sowohl ein vorauseilender als auch ein nacheilender Messwert erfasst wird. Letzteres hat insbesondere den Vorteil, dass das System durch Nachstellen des Winkels α unmittelbar die durch dieses Nachstellen erzielte Kammermaßänderung erfassen und programmgesteuert nachregeln bzw. korrigieren kann. Weiter ließe sich dadurch eine Art selbstlernendes System entwickeln, dass sich selbst kalibriert und die Abhängigkeit des Kaltverformungsgrads von der Winkelstellung oder von davon abhängigen Größen selbst ermitteln kann.For this purpose, it is advisable to associate with the inner working roller pair or an adjusting and control device, with which angle α is set, a measuring device which detects the actual chamber dimension during a passage. The measuring point or In this case, the measured value preferably leads the working gap, so that after detecting a deviation, it is possible to react directly by adjusting the angle α. However, it is also conceivable that the measuring point or the measured value lags the working gap or that both a leading and a lagging measured value are detected. The latter has the particular advantage that the system by adjusting the angle α directly detect the achieved by this adjustment Kammermaßänderung and programmatically readjust or correct. Furthermore, this would allow a kind of self-learning system to be developed that can calibrate itself and determine the dependence of the degree of cold deformation on the angular position or on variables dependent thereon.
Das maximale Maß, das der Winkel α von 90° abweichen kann, also der Grad der Schrägstellung der Achse A zur Vorschubrichtung V, wird sich je nach Werkstoff des Metallprofils und je nach eingestellter Stichabnahme unterscheiden und ist so zu wählen, dass eine ausreichende Abstützung der inneren Arbeitsrollen aufeinander gewährleistet bleibt und dass das resultierende Drehmoment, mit dem die auf die inneren Arbeitsrollen wirkenden Kräfte diese in eine noch stärkere Schrägstellung drängen wollen, beherrschbar bleibt.The maximum amount that can deviate the angle α of 90 °, ie the degree of inclination of the axis A to the feed direction V, will differ depending on the material of the metal profile and depending on the set stitch loss and is to be chosen so that a sufficient support of inner working roles remains ensured and that the resulting torque with which the forces acting on the inner work rolls forces to push them into an even stronger inclination remains manageable.
Soweit sich die Beschreibung und die Darstellung in den Figuren lediglich ein Doppel T-Profil ausdrücklich erwähnt, sei nochmals darauf hingewiesen, dass die Erfindung sich nicht auf die Herstellung bzw. Nachkalibrierung nur eines solchen Metallprofiltyps beschränkt, sondern sich auch auf alle anderen Profilformen anwenden lässt, die zwei sich gegenüberliegende Flansche aufweisen, zwischen denen zumindest ein Paar innerer Arbeitsrollen sinnvoll zum Einsatz kommen kann.As far as the description and the illustration in the figures expressly mentions only a double T-profile, it should again be noted that the invention is not limited to the production or recalibration of only one such metal profile type, but can also be applied to all other profile shapes having two opposing flanges, between which at least a pair of inner work rolls can be usefully used.
- 1010
- Vorrichtung/WalzgerüstApparatus / roll stand
- 11, 1311, 13
- erste innere Arbeitsrollenfirst inner work rolls
- 12, 1412, 14
- zweite innere Arbeitsrollensecond inner work rolls
- 1515
- erster Stützkörperfirst support body
- 1616
- zweiter Stützkörpersecond support body
- 2020
- Metallprofilmetal profile
- 21, 2321, 23
- erste Flanschefirst flanges
- 22, 2422, 24
- zweite Flanschesecond flanges
- 2525
- Profilstegprofile web
Claims (11)
- A device (10) for the manufacture and/or recalibration of a metal profile (20) with a first flange (21, 23) and a second flange (22, 24) located opposite the first flange (21, 23), which are to be spaced apart from one another by a closely toleranced final cavity dimension K1, having at least one work roll pair with a first inner work roll (11, 13) and a second inner work roll (12, 14), which, when the device (10) is correctly fitted, is arranged between the first flange (21, 23) and the second flange (22, 24), and, when the device (10) and metal profile (20) are traversed relative to one another in the profile longitudinal direction, exerts deforming forces on the opposing flange inner faces, and wherein the first inner work roll (11, 13) is associated with a first outer supporting body (15) with the formation of a first working gap, and the second inner work roll (12, 14) is associated with a second outer supporting body (16) with the formation of a second working gap, characterised in that the first inner work roll (11, 13) rolls on the second inner work roll (12, 14) so that they support one another against the deforming forces on the opposing flange inner faces acting on the work roll pair.
- The device in accordance with Claim 1, characterised in that the inner work rolls (11, 12, 13, 14) have a non-cylindrical outer contour in the region of the contact surface between inner work roll (11, 12, 13, 14) and flange inner face, which is formed when the device (10) is correctly used.
- The device in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterised in that a pressure force is applied to the inner work rolls (11, 12, 13, 14),
acting in the direction of the rotation axis R and pushing the inner work rolls (11, 12, 13, 14) in the direction of the profile web (25). - The device in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the inner work rolls (11, 12, 13, 14) are motor-driven and/or in that the outer supporting bodies (15, 16) are formed from motor-driven supporting rolls.
- A method for the manufacture of a metal profile (20) with a first flange (21, 23) and a second flange (22, 24) located opposite the first flange (21, 23), which are designed to be spaced apart from one another by a closely toleranced final cavity dimension K1, comprising the steps:positioning of the first flange (21, 23) into a first working gap, which is formed between a first outer supporting body (15) and a first inner work roll (11, 13) of a work roll pair of a device (10), and positioning of the second flange (22, 24) into a second working gap, which is formed between a second outer supporting body (16) and a second inner work roll (12, 14) of the work roll pair,traversing of the metal profile (20) and the device (10) relative to one another in the profile longitudinal direction, characterised in that the inner work rolls (11, 12, 13, 14) roll on the flange inner faces with deformation of the flange material, and in that the first inner work roll and the second inner work roll on one another, and the deforming forces acting transverse to the profile longitudinal direction from the flange inner faces onto the work roll pair support one another.
- The method in accordance with the preceding claim, characterised in that the metal profile (20) is subsequently re-straightened in a roller straightening machine and/or in a straightening press.
- The method in accordance with one of the two preceding claims, characterised in that the inner work rolls (11, 12, 13, 14) rotate about a rotation axis R, and are impinged upon by a pressure force acting in the direction of the rotation axis R, and pushing the inner work rolls (11, 12, 13, 14) in the direction of the profile web (25).
- The method in accordance with one of the Claims 6 to 8, characterised in that the inner work rolls (11, 12, 13, 14) have a non-cylindrical outer contour in the region of the contact surface that is formed between inner work roll (11, 12, 13, 14) and flange inner face when the device is correctly used, and when the deforming process takes place on the flange inner face this outer contour is transferred onto the flange inner face.
- The method in accordance with one of the Claims 6 to 9, characterised in that the method is executed in a number of stages, in that either one device (10), is passed through a number of times with adaptation of the working gap geometry and/or the forces acting in the working gap on the flange inner faces, or in that a plurality of devices (10), in each case with different working gap dimensions, are passed through in sequence.
- The method in accordance with one of the Claims 6 to 10, characterised in that the metal profile (20) is securely clamped between the first supporting body (15) and the second supporting body (16), and the work roll pair is moved along the metal profile (20) and the supporting bodies (15, 16) between the first flange (21, 23) and the second flange (22, 24) with deformation of the flange inner faces in the profile longitudinal direction.
- The method in accordance with Claim 5, characterised in that the supporting bodies (15, 16) are dimensioned such that when the device is correctly used they generate a low surface pressure between flange outer face and supporting bodies (15, 16) such that no plastic deformation of the flange material located near the surface of the flange outer face takes place.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2011/057808 WO2012155953A1 (en) | 2011-05-13 | 2011-05-13 | Method and device for producing metal profiles having a closely toleranced chamber dimension |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2707155A1 EP2707155A1 (en) | 2014-03-19 |
EP2707155B1 true EP2707155B1 (en) | 2014-12-03 |
Family
ID=44626927
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11724570.4A Active EP2707155B1 (en) | 2011-05-13 | 2011-05-13 | Method and device for producing metal profiles having a closely toleranced chamber dimension |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9522418B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2707155B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP5851592B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR101620936B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103534041B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112013028861B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2835680C (en) |
RU (1) | RU2584095C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012155953A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106040788B (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2018-08-10 | 珠海东方重工有限公司 | Horizontal straightening machine |
CN110090862A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2019-08-06 | 高明铁企业股份有限公司 | The molding die group of sliding rail rolling mill |
CN110560515A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2019-12-13 | 江苏亚太轻合金科技股份有限公司 | H-shaped section shaping device |
DE102020215582A1 (en) | 2020-12-09 | 2022-06-09 | Sms Group Gmbh | bending device |
Family Cites Families (26)
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US974173A (en) * | 1909-10-09 | 1910-11-01 | William H Morgan | Method of and machine for flanging plates. |
BE625220A (en) * | 1961-11-25 | |||
JPS5857244B2 (en) | 1980-02-05 | 1983-12-19 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | Manufacturing method of H-beam steel |
JPS60206502A (en) | 1984-03-30 | 1985-10-18 | Nippon Steel Corp | Rolling mill for forming section having flange |
JPS61262403A (en) * | 1985-05-15 | 1986-11-20 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Rolling method for wide flange beam to permit adjustment of web height |
JPS6268624A (en) * | 1985-09-20 | 1987-03-28 | Kawasaki Heavy Ind Ltd | Shaped steel straightening machine |
JPS6293008A (en) * | 1985-10-17 | 1987-04-28 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Rolling method for h shape with adjustable web height |
JPH074602B2 (en) | 1986-12-03 | 1995-01-25 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Manufacturing equipment for shaped steel with flange |
JPS63140706A (en) | 1986-12-03 | 1988-06-13 | Nippon Steel Corp | Manufacturing equipment for section steel with flanges |
JPS63140703A (en) * | 1986-12-03 | 1988-06-13 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Manufacturing method of ultra-thin web H-beam steel |
DE3805364A1 (en) * | 1988-02-17 | 1989-08-31 | Salzgitter Peine Stahlwerke | FINISHING ROLLING PROCESS FOR PROFILES |
JPH02127901A (en) * | 1988-03-30 | 1990-05-16 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Manufacturing method of thin web H-beam steel |
JP2553634B2 (en) * | 1988-05-19 | 1996-11-13 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Fin-shaped profile manufacturing equipment |
JP2575802B2 (en) * | 1988-05-19 | 1997-01-29 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Finned profile manufacturing equipment |
BE1001122A3 (en) * | 1988-06-03 | 1989-07-25 | Cockerill Sambre Sa | LAMINATE PROFILE COMPRISING A CORRUGATED PART, METHOD FOR THE MANUFACTURE THEREOF AND INSTALLATION FOR THEIR MANUFACTURE. |
JPH0211201A (en) * | 1988-06-28 | 1990-01-16 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Method for rolling h-shape steel |
US4982487A (en) * | 1988-10-27 | 1991-01-08 | Hughes Aircraft Company | Metallic component cold roll/crimping tool |
ES2042136T3 (en) * | 1989-05-24 | 1993-12-01 | Sms Schloemann-Siemag Aktiengesellschaft | AUTOMATIC ADJUSTMENT OF A UNIVERSAL LAMINATION BOX AFTER ITS MODIFICATION TO A NEW PROFILE FORMAT. |
JP2576699B2 (en) * | 1991-02-01 | 1997-01-29 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | Straightening method for lightweight H-section steel |
JPH0596301A (en) * | 1991-10-04 | 1993-04-20 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Edging rolling method for h steel |
JPH0565403U (en) | 1992-02-04 | 1993-08-31 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | Rolling equipment for shaped steel with flange |
DE4207297A1 (en) * | 1992-03-07 | 1993-09-09 | Schloemann Siemag Ag | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR STRAIGHTING H-SHAPED CARRIER PROFILES |
US5398372A (en) * | 1993-10-29 | 1995-03-21 | Kaiser Aluminum & Chemical Corporation | Liquid edge bead removal device |
JPH11244903A (en) * | 1998-02-25 | 1999-09-14 | Nippon Steel Corp | Universal rolling method and device |
RU2288045C1 (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2006-11-27 | Открытое акционерное общество "Новокузнецкий металлургический комбинат" | Symmetrical complex-contour shapes rolling method |
RU2294246C1 (en) * | 2005-07-27 | 2007-02-27 | Открытое акционерное общество "Новокузнецкий металлургический комбинат" | Method for rolling large-size channel bars in rough roll grooved passes |
-
2011
- 2011-05-13 WO PCT/EP2011/057808 patent/WO2012155953A1/en active Application Filing
- 2011-05-13 CA CA2835680A patent/CA2835680C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-05-13 CN CN201180070909.9A patent/CN103534041B/en active Active
- 2011-05-13 US US14/117,274 patent/US9522418B2/en active Active
- 2011-05-13 RU RU2013150022/02A patent/RU2584095C2/en active
- 2011-05-13 KR KR1020137033100A patent/KR101620936B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2011-05-13 EP EP11724570.4A patent/EP2707155B1/en active Active
- 2011-05-13 JP JP2014509616A patent/JP5851592B2/en active Active
- 2011-05-13 BR BR112013028861-2A patent/BR112013028861B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2013150022A (en) | 2015-06-20 |
JP2014514165A (en) | 2014-06-19 |
JP5851592B2 (en) | 2016-02-03 |
RU2584095C2 (en) | 2016-05-20 |
CA2835680A1 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
EP2707155A1 (en) | 2014-03-19 |
WO2012155953A1 (en) | 2012-11-22 |
KR20140035937A (en) | 2014-03-24 |
BR112013028861B1 (en) | 2021-03-16 |
CN103534041A (en) | 2014-01-22 |
CA2835680C (en) | 2017-06-13 |
US20150132597A1 (en) | 2015-05-14 |
US9522418B2 (en) | 2016-12-20 |
KR101620936B1 (en) | 2016-05-13 |
BR112013028861A2 (en) | 2018-07-03 |
CN103534041B (en) | 2015-08-19 |
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