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EP2678216B1 - System for transferring a fluid, especially liquefied petroleum gas, between a first surface installation and a second surface installation - Google Patents

System for transferring a fluid, especially liquefied petroleum gas, between a first surface installation and a second surface installation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2678216B1
EP2678216B1 EP12722189.3A EP12722189A EP2678216B1 EP 2678216 B1 EP2678216 B1 EP 2678216B1 EP 12722189 A EP12722189 A EP 12722189A EP 2678216 B1 EP2678216 B1 EP 2678216B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
surface installation
arm
fluid
transfer system
flexible
Prior art date
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EP12722189.3A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP2678216A2 (en
Inventor
Philippe François ESPINASSE
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Technip Energies France SAS
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Technip France SAS
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Priority to PL12722189T priority Critical patent/PL2678216T3/en
Publication of EP2678216A2 publication Critical patent/EP2678216A2/en
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Publication of EP2678216B1 publication Critical patent/EP2678216B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
    • F17D1/00—Pipe-line systems
    • F17D1/08—Pipe-line systems for liquids or viscous products
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system for transferring a fluid between a first surface installation and a second floating surface installation on a body of water, such as a sea or an ocean, for example.
  • This transfer system comprises in particular a tubular pipe whose one end is connected to the piping of the first surface installation and the other end is intended to be connected to the manifold ("manifold" in English) of a second surface installation.
  • the tubular pipe is supported by a support structure deployable between a storage position on the first surface installation and an extended position for connecting the end of the tubular pipe to the collector of the second surface installation.
  • the first surface installation is for example a production, liquefaction, storage and discharge of liquefied hydrocarbons ("floating production storage and offloading ship" or "FPSO" in English).
  • the second surface installation is for example a vessel for storing and transporting liquefied hydrocarbons, in particular liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) for transporting it from the floating treatment plant to a land-based site.
  • LPG liquefied petroleum gas
  • the fluid transfer system must be adapted to withstand high dynamic stresses without risk of damage. of the fluid transfer system.
  • This device comprises a cryogenic hose which deploys catenary between the two surface installations.
  • One end of the cryogenic hose is connected to the piping of a first installation while the second free end is intended to be connected to a manifold of a second surface installation.
  • the free end of the cryogenic pipe is connected to the first end of an articulated arm which guides the free end of the cryogenic flexible pipe and connect it to the collector of the second surface installation.
  • This arm is suspended under the fixed support structure by its ends by means of cables.
  • the first end of the arm on which the cryogenic flexible pipe is connected is connected to the support structure by an unwinding cable from a winch located on the fixed support structure while the second end of the arm is connected to the fixed support structure by a cable. It also includes a counterweight.
  • the end of the cryogenic pipe is thus guided to be connected to the collector of the second surface installation by an articulated arm suspended at its ends to a fixed structure.
  • the suspension of the arm by a cable and a counterweight at the end of the arm ensures a steady state of equilibrium and also allows a reduction of the maneuvering forces when connecting to the collector of the surface installation and efforts on these, including during the transfer.
  • a disadvantage of this system is that it is not suitable when the transfer takes place between two ships moored to one another and that the heights of the free edges of the two ships are very different, as it is the case for example between an FPSO and a LPG storage vessel during the transfer of LPG.
  • the support structure and in particular the articulated guide arm is bulky and does not easily adapt to the configuration mentioned above.
  • Another disadvantage of this system is that it does not effectively compensate for the main movements of the boats mainly heave. Indeed, the articulated arm has a high inertia of movement which generates significant efforts at the collector requiring reinforcement thereof.
  • FR 1 415 279 describes a transfer system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the fluid transfer system according to the invention is an improvement of the devices of the prior art and aims to solve the aforementioned drawbacks.
  • the fluid transfer system according to the invention between a first surface installation and a second surface installation comprises a deployable tubular transfer line between the two surface installations whose first end is connected to a pipe of the first surface installation. while the second end is intended to be connected to a collector of the second surface installation, the tubular transfer line being suspended under a support and guide structure by a link, for example a cable.
  • the fluid transfer system according to the present invention is according to claim 1.
  • the fluid transfer system has one or more of the features of the dependent claims, in any technically feasible combination.
  • the figure 4 shows the fluid transfer system (10) deployed between a first surface installation (11) and a second surface installation (12).
  • the first surface installation (11) is for example an "FPSO” vessel and the second surface installation (12) is, for example, a liquefied petroleum gas storage vessel LPG ("LPG" or "liquefied petroleum gas” in the language English).
  • LPG liquefied petroleum gas storage vessel
  • the fluid transfer system (10) also makes it possible to transfer LPG from the production and processing vessel to a storage vessel in order to convey it to a land use site for example.
  • the two vessels are moored side by side and berths (16) are interposed between the hulls of the ships to protect them. A distance of approximately 4 to 5 meters separates the hulls of the two surface installations.
  • the size of the LPG storage vessel is significantly smaller than that of the FPSO vessel so that a difference in height of several meters, for example 10 meters exists between the freeboard heights of the two facilities.
  • the FPSO has piping (not shown) while the LPG storage vessel has a manifold (20) near the edge of the vessel.
  • the fluid transfer device stored on the FPSO is deployed to connect the two fluid connection members separated by several tens of meters in height, and ensure the loading of LPG storage tank vessels.
  • the fluid transfer system (10) comprises a support and guide structure (40), a link (52), a winch (51) on which the link (52) is wound and a tubular transfer line (25). having a first end (28) connected to the piping of the first surface installation (11) and a second end (29) which is to be connected to the manifold (20) of the second surface installation (12).
  • the tubular transfer line (25) is suspended by the link (52) to the support and guide structure (40).
  • the support and guide structure (40) is mounted on the deck of the first surface installation (11) in a space.
  • the support and guide structure (40) is mounted on a base (46) on the deck of the first surface installation (11). It is rotatable about a horizontal axis of rotation and a vertical axis.
  • This support structure is constituted by an articulated arm (41) comprising a first arm (42) and a second arm swing (43) as will be explained later.
  • the two arms (42, 43) are interconnected by a horizontal axis joint.
  • the first arm (42) is inclined at approximately 60 ° to a horizontal axis while the second arm (43) forms an open angle with the first arm segment (42).
  • the second arm (43) carries and a counterweight (50) and a winch (51) on which is wound the link (52).
  • This link is deployed so that a portion of the link (52) extends vertically downwardly from the end of the second articulated arm (43) opposite to that carrying the counterweight. It is connected to the tubular transfer line (25).
  • the link (52) is for example a metal cable, a synthetic cable or a chain.
  • the link (52) is a metal cable.
  • the tubular transfer line (25) is suspended under the support and guide structure (40) by the link (52) at a point of the tubular transfer line (25) spaced from its ends.
  • the tubular transfer line (25) includes a first flexible section (30), a second flexible section (32) and an elbow (31) disposed between the first and second flexible sections (32).
  • the first flexible section (30) extends catenary from its end connected to the piping of the first surface installation (11).
  • the second flexible section (32) extends substantially vertically. Its free end (29) is provided with a connecting device (27) to be connected to the collector (20) of the second surface installation (12).
  • the connection device includes an emergency release connector ("Emergency release connector” or “ERC” in English) and a connector known as “quick connect and disconnect connector” or "QCDC".
  • connection device is disposed on a bent connection to make the connection to the collector (20) of the second surface installation (12) in a substantially horizontal axis.
  • the second flexible section (32) is of great length, for example greater than 10 meters. Indeed, since there is a difference of several meters between the freeboard heights of the two vessels, the collector (20) of the storage vessel of the second surface installation (12) is very low compared to the piping of the first surface installation (11). The accessibility of the collector (20) of the second surface installation (12) is therefore limited from the first surface installation (11). The connection is thus facilitated by the long length of the second flexible section (32) extending vertically from the supporting and guiding structure (40). In addition the end (29) is free in the six degrees of freedom which provides additional flexibility to the fluid transfer device and thus limits the forces on the manifold (20). Flexible pipes are cryogenic pipes for the transport of LPG.
  • An elbow (31) is interposed between the first and second flexible sections (32). It is a small section forming an inverted U, whose ends are oriented downwards.
  • the link (52) of the fluid transfer system (10) is connected at a point on this elbow (31).
  • the transfer line is then suspended under the support structure and guide (40) by the link (52) connected to the elbow (31).
  • the elbow (31) is rigid and has flexible / rigid connections (36) at its opposite ends to connect the first and second flexible sections.
  • the radius of curvature of this elbow fitting (31) is very small, advantageously less than the minimum radius of curvature of a flexible pipe, which makes it possible to have a very compact fluid transfer device.
  • the link length (52) which extends vertically is adjustable by unwinding or winding the link (52) of the winch (51) in order to properly position the second end (29) of the tubular pipe for connection to the collector (20) of the second surface installation (12).
  • the fluid transfer system (10) previously described and illustrated by the figure 4 further comprises a fluidic rotary joint disposed on the tubular transfer line (25).
  • a fluidic rotary joint disposed on the tubular transfer line (25).
  • the elbow comprises a fluid swivel that allows the second flexible section to rotate 360 ° around a substantially horizontal axis.
  • This additional flexibility provided to the second flexible pipe section (32) further expands the working window to effect fluid transfer without imposing unacceptable safety constraints on the fluid transfer device.
  • This rotary joint disposed judiciously on the elbow of the transfer line (25) reduces the probabilities of emergency disconnection compared to the first embodiment and the disconnection system of the prior art.
  • FIG. 1 shows the fluid transfer system (10) in its storage position on the first surface installation (11), for example an FPSO. It comprises the tubular transfer line (25) suspended under the support and guide structure (40). The fluid transfer system (10) is stored in a space provided for this purpose on the first surface installation (11).
  • the articulated arm (41) is folded inside.
  • the first arm (42) extends substantially vertically and the second arm (43) extends in the extension of the first arm (42) forming a maximum opening angle with the first arm (42).
  • the second tubular transfer line end (29) is attached to a connector (60) for securing the second flexible pipe end (29) and draining the tubular conduit (25). Indeed, the connector (60) is in fluid communication with the storage tanks of the first surface installation (11).
  • the first section of catenary flexible pipe is not shown for the sake of clarity of the figures.
  • the second end (29) of the tubular transfer line (25) is disconnected from the connector (60) of the first surface unit (11).
  • the link (52) is wound on the winch (51) so as to disengage the second free end (29) of the tubular transfer pipe (25).
  • the structure of support and guide (40) is then oriented by rotation of the first arm (42) about its vertical axis to get in the axis of the loading plane.
  • the support and guide structure (40) is deployed by pivoting the articulated arm (41).
  • the first arm (42) is inclined by rotating it about its horizontal axis of rotation, for example by a 60 ° angle to bring the second arm (43) beyond the shell.
  • the second flexible section (32) is then suspended above the surface of the water and the docking defenses (16).
  • a link length (52) adequate to lower the second end (29) of the tubular transfer pipe (25) and thereby bring it closer to the collector (20) of the second surface installation (12).
  • the first arm (42) is further inclined to form an angle of 45 ° to the horizontal thereby causing the connector device of the second tubular transfer line end (29) facing the device collector connector (20) of the second surface installation (12).
  • the tubular pipe is connected to the manifold (20).
  • the second arm (43) forming a swing is brought into a substantially horizontal position.
  • the link (52) is wound so that the second arm (43) is substantially horizontal.
  • the winch is then blocked.
  • the rotation of the second arm (43) makes it possible to follow the differential movement between the boats.
  • the second arm (43) can rotate about a horizontal axis at its point of attachment (44).
  • the counterweight (50) stabilizes a state of equilibrium when connecting the end of the second flexible pipe (32) to the manifold (20) and the fluid transfer to follow the movements while limiting the risks of overloads on the collector (20).
  • LPG transfer system Although the invention has been described for a LPG transfer system, it can be applied to transfer systems for other fluids such as for example LNG or petroleum. Thus, modifications could be made to the invention.
  • surface facilities could be barges, platforms, various fluid storage vessels.
  • the system of Fluid transfer is not limited to the transfer of LPG between an FPSO and a LPG storage vessel.
  • the tubular conduit may be a flexible pipe in one piece and the elbow is then a gutter in which rests the flexible pipe. The link is then connected to the gutter.
  • This solution is however not preferred because the radius of curvature of the channel can not be less than the minimum radius of curvature of the flexible pipe. The system is then less compact.
  • the invention is also not limited to flexible cryogenic pipes but includes flexible pipes and unbonded flexible as defined in the standard documents of the "American Petroleum Institute AP117J and API RP17B.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)

Description

L'invention concerne un système de transfert d'un fluide entre une première installation de surface et une deuxième installation de surface flottant sur une étendue d'eau, telle qu'une mer ou un océan par exemple. Ce système de transfert comprend notamment une conduite tubulaire dont l'une des extrémités est connectée à la tuyauterie de la première installation de surface et dont l'autre extrémité est destinée à être connectée au collecteur (« manifold » en langue anglaise) d'une deuxième installation de surface. La conduite tubulaire est supportée par une structure support déployable entre une position de stockage sur la première installation de surface et une position déployée pour connecter l'extrémité de la conduite tubulaire au collecteur de la deuxième installation de surface. La première installation de surface est par exemple un navire de production, liquéfaction, stockage et déchargement d'hydrocarbures liquéfiés (« floating production storage and offloading ship » ou « FPSO » en langue anglaise).The invention relates to a system for transferring a fluid between a first surface installation and a second floating surface installation on a body of water, such as a sea or an ocean, for example. This transfer system comprises in particular a tubular pipe whose one end is connected to the piping of the first surface installation and the other end is intended to be connected to the manifold ("manifold" in English) of a second surface installation. The tubular pipe is supported by a support structure deployable between a storage position on the first surface installation and an extended position for connecting the end of the tubular pipe to the collector of the second surface installation. The first surface installation is for example a production, liquefaction, storage and discharge of liquefied hydrocarbons ("floating production storage and offloading ship" or "FPSO" in English).

La deuxième installation de surface est par exemple un navire de stockage et de transport d'hydrocarbures liquéfiés, notamment de gaz de pétrole liquéfié (GPL) afin de le transporter depuis l'usine de traitement flottante vers un site à terre.The second surface installation is for example a vessel for storing and transporting liquefied hydrocarbons, in particular liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) for transporting it from the floating treatment plant to a land-based site.

Compte tenu des contraintes de sécurité imposées du fait de la dangerosité des fluides transportés, de l'environnement dans lequel s'opèrent ces transferts de fluides, le système de transfert de fluide doit être adapté pour supporter de fortes contraintes dynamiques sans risque d'endommagement du système de transfert de fluide.Given the safety constraints imposed by the dangerous nature of the fluids transported, the environment in which these fluid transfers take place, the fluid transfer system must be adapted to withstand high dynamic stresses without risk of damage. of the fluid transfer system.

On connait de WO02092422 des systèmes de ce type pour le transfert de gaz naturel liquéfié (GNL) entre deux installations. Ce dispositif comprend un flexible cryogénique qui se déploie en caténaire entre les deux installations de surface. Une extrémité du flexible cryogénique est connecté à la tuyauterie d'une première installation tandis que la deuxième extrémité libre est destinée à être connectée à un collecteur d'une deuxième installation de surface. L'extrémité libre de la conduite cryogénique est connectée à la première extrémité d'un bras articulé qui permet de guider l'extrémité libre de la conduite flexible cryogénique et de la connecter sur le collecteur de la deuxième installation de surface. Ce bras est suspendu sous la structure support fixe par ses extrémités aux moyens de câbles. La première extrémité du bras sur lequel est connectée la conduite flexible cryogénique est reliée à la structure support par un câble déroulable à partir d'un treuil situé sur la structure support fixe tandis que la deuxième extrémité du bras est reliée à la structure support fixe par un câble. Elle comprend aussi un contrepoids. L'extrémité de la conduite cryogénique est donc guidée pour être connectée au collecteur de la deuxième installation de surface par un bras articulé suspendue par ses extrémités à une structure fixe. La suspension du bras par un câble et un contrepoids à l'extrémité du bras assure un état d'équilibre stable et permet en outre une réduction des efforts de la manoeuvre lors de la connexion au collecteur de l'installation de surface et des efforts sur ceux-ci, y compris pendant le transfert.We know WO02092422 systems of this type for the transfer of liquefied natural gas (LNG) between two installations. This device comprises a cryogenic hose which deploys catenary between the two surface installations. One end of the cryogenic hose is connected to the piping of a first installation while the second free end is intended to be connected to a manifold of a second surface installation. The free end of the cryogenic pipe is connected to the first end of an articulated arm which guides the free end of the cryogenic flexible pipe and connect it to the collector of the second surface installation. This arm is suspended under the fixed support structure by its ends by means of cables. The first end of the arm on which the cryogenic flexible pipe is connected is connected to the support structure by an unwinding cable from a winch located on the fixed support structure while the second end of the arm is connected to the fixed support structure by a cable. It also includes a counterweight. The end of the cryogenic pipe is thus guided to be connected to the collector of the second surface installation by an articulated arm suspended at its ends to a fixed structure. The suspension of the arm by a cable and a counterweight at the end of the arm ensures a steady state of equilibrium and also allows a reduction of the maneuvering forces when connecting to the collector of the surface installation and efforts on these, including during the transfer.

Cependant un inconvénient de ce système est qu'il n'est pas adapté lorsque le transfert s'effectue entre deux navires amarrés l'un à l'autre et que les hauteurs des francs bords des deux navires sont très différentes, comme c'est le cas par exemple entre un FPSO et un navire de stockage de gaz de pétrole liquéfié lors du transfert de GPL. En effet, la structure de support et notamment le bras articulé de guidage est encombrant et ne s'adapte pas aisément à la configuration mentionnée ci-dessus. Un autre inconvénient de ce système est qu'il ne permet pas de compenser efficacement les mouvements principaux des bateaux principalement le pilonnement. En effet, le bras articulé présente une grande inertie de mouvement ce qui engendre des efforts importants au niveau du collecteur nécessitant le renforcement de celui-ci. FR 1 415 279 décrit un système de transfert selon le préambule de la revendication 1. Le système de transfert de fluide selon l'invention est une amélioration des dispositifs de l'art antérieur et a pour but de résoudre les inconvénients susmentionnés.However, a disadvantage of this system is that it is not suitable when the transfer takes place between two ships moored to one another and that the heights of the free edges of the two ships are very different, as it is the case for example between an FPSO and a LPG storage vessel during the transfer of LPG. Indeed, the support structure and in particular the articulated guide arm is bulky and does not easily adapt to the configuration mentioned above. Another disadvantage of this system is that it does not effectively compensate for the main movements of the boats mainly heave. Indeed, the articulated arm has a high inertia of movement which generates significant efforts at the collector requiring reinforcement thereof. FR 1 415 279 describes a transfer system according to the preamble of claim 1. The fluid transfer system according to the invention is an improvement of the devices of the prior art and aims to solve the aforementioned drawbacks.

Le système de transfert de fluide selon l'invention entre une première installation de surface et une deuxième installation de surface comprend une conduite de transfert tubulaire déployable entre les deux installations de surface dont la première extrémité est connectée à une tuyauterie de la première installation de surface tandis que la deuxième extrémité est destinée à être connectée à un collecteur de la deuxième installation de surface, la conduite de transfert tubulaire étant suspendue sous une structure de support et de guidage par un lien, par exemple un câble.The fluid transfer system according to the invention between a first surface installation and a second surface installation comprises a deployable tubular transfer line between the two surface installations whose first end is connected to a pipe of the first surface installation. while the second end is intended to be connected to a collector of the second surface installation, the tubular transfer line being suspended under a support and guide structure by a link, for example a cable.

Le système de transfert de fluide selon la présente invention est selon la revendication 1.The fluid transfer system according to the present invention is according to claim 1.

Selon d'autres modes de réalisation de l'invention, le système de transfert de fluide présente l'une ou plusieurs des caractéristiques des revendications dépendantes, selon toute combinaison techniquement réalisable.According to other embodiments of the invention, the fluid transfer system has one or more of the features of the dependent claims, in any technically feasible combination.

D'autres détails caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description d'un mode de réalisation préféré de mise en oeuvre de l'invention faite en référence aux dessins schématiques annexés qui montrent :

  • La figure 1 est une vue du système de transfert dans sa position de stockage sur la première installation de surface,
  • Les figures 2-5 sont des vues montrant les étapes successives du déploiement du système de transfert entre la première et la deuxième installation de surface,
  • La figure 6 est une vue montrant le système de transfert dans sa position connectée au dispositif collecteur (« manifold » en langue anglaise) de la deuxième installation de surface.
Other characteristic details and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description of a preferred embodiment of implementation of the invention with reference to the appended diagrammatic drawings which show:
  • The figure 1 is a view of the transfer system in its storage position on the first surface installation,
  • The Figures 2-5 are views showing the successive stages of deployment of the transfer system between the first and second surface installations,
  • The figure 6 is a view showing the transfer system in its position connected to the collector device ("manifold" in English) of the second surface installation.

La figure 4 montre le système de transfert de fluide (10) déployé entre une première installation de surface (11) et une deuxième installation de surface (12). La première installation de surface (11) est par exemple un navire « FPSO » et la deuxième installation de surface (12) est par exemple un navire de stockage de gaz de pétrole liquéfié GPL (« LPG » ou « liquefied petroleum gas » en langue anglaise). Le système de transfert de fluide (10) permet aussi de transférer du GPL du navire de production et de traitement vers un navire de stockage afin de le convoyer vers un site d'utilisation à terre par exemple. Les deux navires sont amarrés bord à bord et des défenses d'accostage (16) sont interposées entre les coques des navires pour les protéger. Une distance de 4 à 5 mètres environ sépare les coques des deux installations de surface. La taille du navire de stockage de GPL est nettement plus petite que celle du navire FPSO de sorte qu'une différence de hauteurs de plusieurs mètres, par exemple 10 mètres existe entre les hauteurs de francs bords des deux installations. La FPSO dispose d'une tuyauterie (non représentée) tandis que le navire de stockage du LPG dispose d'un collecteur (20) à proximité du bord du navire. Le dispositif de transfert de fluide stocké sur le FPSO est déployé pour relier les deux organes de connexion fluidiques séparés de plusieurs dizaines de mètres de hauteur, et assurer le chargement des cuves du navire de stockage de LPG.The figure 4 shows the fluid transfer system (10) deployed between a first surface installation (11) and a second surface installation (12). The first surface installation (11) is for example an "FPSO" vessel and the second surface installation (12) is, for example, a liquefied petroleum gas storage vessel LPG ("LPG" or "liquefied petroleum gas" in the language English). The fluid transfer system (10) also makes it possible to transfer LPG from the production and processing vessel to a storage vessel in order to convey it to a land use site for example. The two vessels are moored side by side and berths (16) are interposed between the hulls of the ships to protect them. A distance of approximately 4 to 5 meters separates the hulls of the two surface installations. The size of the LPG storage vessel is significantly smaller than that of the FPSO vessel so that a difference in height of several meters, for example 10 meters exists between the freeboard heights of the two facilities. The FPSO has piping (not shown) while the LPG storage vessel has a manifold (20) near the edge of the vessel. The fluid transfer device stored on the FPSO is deployed to connect the two fluid connection members separated by several tens of meters in height, and ensure the loading of LPG storage tank vessels.

Le système de transfert de fluide (10) comprend une structure de support et de guidage (40), un lien (52), un treuil (51) sur lequel est enroulé le lien (52) et une conduite de transfert tubulaire (25) présentant une première extrémité (28) connectée à la tuyauterie de la première installation de surface (11) et une deuxième extrémité (29) qui est destinée à être connectée au collecteur (20) de la deuxième installation de surface (12). La conduite de transfert tubulaire (25) est suspendue par le lien (52) à la structure de support et de guidage (40).The fluid transfer system (10) comprises a support and guide structure (40), a link (52), a winch (51) on which the link (52) is wound and a tubular transfer line (25). having a first end (28) connected to the piping of the first surface installation (11) and a second end (29) which is to be connected to the manifold (20) of the second surface installation (12). The tubular transfer line (25) is suspended by the link (52) to the support and guide structure (40).

La structure de support et de guidage (40) est montée sur le pont de la première installation de surface (11) dans un espace ménagé. La structure de support et de guidage (40) est montée sur une embase (46) sur le pont de la première installation de surface (11). Elle est rotative autour d'un axe de rotation horizontal et d'un axe vertical.The support and guide structure (40) is mounted on the deck of the first surface installation (11) in a space. The support and guide structure (40) is mounted on a base (46) on the deck of the first surface installation (11). It is rotatable about a horizontal axis of rotation and a vertical axis.

Cette structure support est constituée par un bras articulé (41) comprenant un premier bras (42) et un deuxième bras formant balancelle (43) comme on l'expliquera plus loin. Les deux bras (42, 43) sont interconnectés par une articulation à axe horizontal. Le premier bras (42) est incliné d'environ 60° par rapport à un axe horizontal tandis que le deuxième bras (43) forme un angle ouvert avec le premier segment de bras (42).This support structure is constituted by an articulated arm (41) comprising a first arm (42) and a second arm swing (43) as will be explained later. The two arms (42, 43) are interconnected by a horizontal axis joint. The first arm (42) is inclined at approximately 60 ° to a horizontal axis while the second arm (43) forms an open angle with the first arm segment (42).

Le deuxième bras (43) porte et un contrepoids (50) et un treuil (51) sur lequel est enroulé le lien (52). Ce lien est déployé de manière à ce qu'une partie du lien (52) s'étende verticalement vers le bas à partir de l'extrémité du deuxième bras articulé (43) à l'opposé de celle portant le contrepoids. Il est connecté à la conduite de transfert tubulaire (25). Le lien (52) est par exemple un câble métallique, un câble synthétique ou une chaine. Avantageusement, le lien (52) est un câble métallique.The second arm (43) carries and a counterweight (50) and a winch (51) on which is wound the link (52). This link is deployed so that a portion of the link (52) extends vertically downwardly from the end of the second articulated arm (43) opposite to that carrying the counterweight. It is connected to the tubular transfer line (25). The link (52) is for example a metal cable, a synthetic cable or a chain. Advantageously, the link (52) is a metal cable.

La conduite de transfert tubulaire (25) est suspendue sous la structure de support et de guidage (40) par le lien (52) en un point de la conduite de transfert tubulaire (25) situé à distance de ses extrémités. La conduite de transfert tubulaire (25) comprend une première section flexible (30), une deuxième section flexible (32) et un raccord coudé (31) disposé entre la première et la deuxième section flexible (32).The tubular transfer line (25) is suspended under the support and guide structure (40) by the link (52) at a point of the tubular transfer line (25) spaced from its ends. The tubular transfer line (25) includes a first flexible section (30), a second flexible section (32) and an elbow (31) disposed between the first and second flexible sections (32).

La première section flexible (30) s'étend en caténaire à partir de son extrémité connectée à la tuyauterie de la première installation de surface (11). La deuxième section flexible (32) s'étend sensiblement verticalement. Son extrémité libre (29) est pourvue d'un dispositif de connexion (27) destiné à être connecté au collecteur (20) de la deuxième installation de surface (12). Le dispositif de connexion comprend notamment un dispositif de déconnexion d'urgence (« Emergency release connector » ou « ERC » en langue anglaise) et un connecteur connu sous l'appellation anglaise de « quick connect and disconnect connector » ou « QCDC ».The first flexible section (30) extends catenary from its end connected to the piping of the first surface installation (11). The second flexible section (32) extends substantially vertically. Its free end (29) is provided with a connecting device (27) to be connected to the collector (20) of the second surface installation (12). The connection device includes an emergency release connector ("Emergency release connector" or "ERC" in English) and a connector known as "quick connect and disconnect connector" or "QCDC".

Avantageusement, le dispositif de connexion est disposé sur un raccord coudé pour effectuer la connexion sur le collecteur (20) de la deuxième installation de surface (12) dans un axe sensiblement horizontal.Advantageously, the connection device is disposed on a bent connection to make the connection to the collector (20) of the second surface installation (12) in a substantially horizontal axis.

La deuxième section flexible (32) est de grande longueur, par exemple supérieure à 10 mètres. En effet, comme il existe une différence de plusieurs mètres entre les hauteurs de franc bord des deux navires, le collecteur (20) du navire de stockage de la deuxième installation de surface (12) se situe très bas par rapport à la tuyauterie de la première installation de surface (11). L'accessibilité du collecteur (20) de la deuxième installation de surface (12) est donc limitée à partir de la première installation de surface (11). La connexion est ainsi facilitée grâce à la grande longueur de la deuxième section flexible (32) qui s'étend verticalement à partir de la structure de support et de guidage (40). De plus l'extrémité (29) est libre dans les six degrés de liberté ce qui assure une flexibilité supplémentaire au dispositif de transfert de fluide et limite ainsi les efforts sur le collecteur (20). Les conduites flexibles sont des conduites cryogéniques pour le transport de LPG.The second flexible section (32) is of great length, for example greater than 10 meters. Indeed, since there is a difference of several meters between the freeboard heights of the two vessels, the collector (20) of the storage vessel of the second surface installation (12) is very low compared to the piping of the first surface installation (11). The accessibility of the collector (20) of the second surface installation (12) is therefore limited from the first surface installation (11). The connection is thus facilitated by the long length of the second flexible section (32) extending vertically from the supporting and guiding structure (40). In addition the end (29) is free in the six degrees of freedom which provides additional flexibility to the fluid transfer device and thus limits the forces on the manifold (20). Flexible pipes are cryogenic pipes for the transport of LPG.

Un raccord coudé (31) est interposé entre la première et la deuxième section flexible (32). Il s'agit une petite section formant un U inversé, dont les extrémités sont orientées vers le bas. Le lien (52) du système de transfert de fluide (10) est connecté en un point sur ce raccord coudé (31). La conduite de transfert est alors suspendue sous la structure de support et de guidage (40) par le lien (52) connecté sur le raccord coudé (31).An elbow (31) is interposed between the first and second flexible sections (32). It is a small section forming an inverted U, whose ends are oriented downwards. The link (52) of the fluid transfer system (10) is connected at a point on this elbow (31). The transfer line is then suspended under the support structure and guide (40) by the link (52) connected to the elbow (31).

Avantageusement, le raccord coudé (31) est rigide et comporte des raccords flexible/rigide (36) à ses extrémités opposées pour connecter les première et deuxième sections flexibles. Le rayon de courbure de ce raccord coudé (31) est très petit, avantageusement inférieur au rayon de courbure minimum d'une conduite flexible ce qui permet de disposer d'un dispositif de transfert de fluide très compact.Advantageously, the elbow (31) is rigid and has flexible / rigid connections (36) at its opposite ends to connect the first and second flexible sections. The radius of curvature of this elbow fitting (31) is very small, advantageously less than the minimum radius of curvature of a flexible pipe, which makes it possible to have a very compact fluid transfer device.

La longueur de lien (52) qui s'étend verticalement est ajustable en déroulant ou enroulant le lien (52) du treuil (51) afin de positionner adéquatement la deuxième extrémité (29) de la conduite tubulaire en vue de sa connexion sur le collecteur (20) de la deuxième installation de surface (12).The link length (52) which extends vertically is adjustable by unwinding or winding the link (52) of the winch (51) in order to properly position the second end (29) of the tubular pipe for connection to the collector (20) of the second surface installation (12).

Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention (non représenté), le système de transfert de fluide (10) précédemment décrit et illustré par la figure 4 comprend en outre un joint tournant fluidique disposé sur la conduite de transfert tubulaire (25). Ainsi, elle comprend une première section flexible (30) déployée en caténaire, une deuxième section flexible (32) déployée verticalement et un raccord coudé (31) rigide. Selon le deuxième mode de réalisation, le raccord coudé comprend un joint tournant fluidique (« fluid swivel » en langue anglaise) qui permet à la deuxième section flexible (32) de tourner à 360 ° autour d'un axe sensiblement horizontal. Cette flexibilité additionnelle procurée à la deuxième section de conduite flexible (32) permet d'élargir davantage la fenêtre de travail pour opérer le transfert de fluide sans imposer de contraintes inacceptables en termes de sécurité au dispositif de transfert de fluide. Ce joint tournant disposé judicieusement sur le raccord coudé de la conduite de transfert (25) permet de réduire d'avantage les probabilités de déconnexion d'urgence comparé au premier mode de réalisation et au système de déconnexion de l'art antérieur.According to a second embodiment of the invention (not shown), the fluid transfer system (10) previously described and illustrated by the figure 4 further comprises a fluidic rotary joint disposed on the tubular transfer line (25). Thus, it comprises a first flexible section (30) deployed catenary, a second flexible section (32) deployed vertically and a bent connection (31) rigid. According to the second embodiment, the elbow comprises a fluid swivel that allows the second flexible section to rotate 360 ° around a substantially horizontal axis. This additional flexibility provided to the second flexible pipe section (32) further expands the working window to effect fluid transfer without imposing unacceptable safety constraints on the fluid transfer device. This rotary joint disposed judiciously on the elbow of the transfer line (25) reduces the probabilities of emergency disconnection compared to the first embodiment and the disconnection system of the prior art.

Un mode de fonctionnement de ce système de transfert de fluide (10) va maintenant être décrit au regard des figures 1 à 6 illustrant différentes étapes de la méthode de connexion. La figure 1 montre le système de transfert de fluide (10) dans sa position de stockage sur la première installation de surface (11), par exemple un FPSO. Il comprend la conduite de transfert tubulaire (25) suspendue sous la structure de support et de guidage (40). Le système de transfert de fluide (10) est stocké dans un espace ménagé à cet effet sur la première installation de surface (11). Le bras articulé (41) est replié à l'intérieur. Le premier bras (42) s'étend sensiblement verticalement et le deuxième bras (43) s'étend dans le prolongement du premier bras (42) en formant un angle d'ouverture maximale avec le premier bras (42). La deuxième extrémité (29) de conduite de transfert tubulaire (25) est fixée à un connecteur (60) pour immobiliser la deuxième extrémité (29) de conduite flexible et drainer la conduite tubulaire (25). En effet, le connecteur (60) est en communication fluidique avec les cuves de stockage de la première installation de surface (11). Sur les figures 1 et 2, la première section de conduite flexible en caténaire n'est pas représentée par soucis de clarté des figures.A mode of operation of this fluid transfer system (10) will now be described with reference to Figures 1 to 6 illustrating different steps of the connection method. The figure 1 shows the fluid transfer system (10) in its storage position on the first surface installation (11), for example an FPSO. It comprises the tubular transfer line (25) suspended under the support and guide structure (40). The fluid transfer system (10) is stored in a space provided for this purpose on the first surface installation (11). The articulated arm (41) is folded inside. The first arm (42) extends substantially vertically and the second arm (43) extends in the extension of the first arm (42) forming a maximum opening angle with the first arm (42). The second tubular transfer line end (29) is attached to a connector (60) for securing the second flexible pipe end (29) and draining the tubular conduit (25). Indeed, the connector (60) is in fluid communication with the storage tanks of the first surface installation (11). On the Figures 1 and 2 , the first section of catenary flexible pipe is not shown for the sake of clarity of the figures.

Dans une première étape illustrée par la figure 2, la deuxième extrémité (29) de conduite de transfert tubulaire (25) est déconnectée du connecteur (60) de la première installation de surface (11). Le lien (52) est enroulé sur le treuil (51) de manière à dégager la deuxième extrémité (29) libre de la conduite de transfert tubulaire (25). La structure de support et de guidage (40) est ensuite orientée par rotation du premier bras (42) autour de son axe vertical pour se mettre dans l'axe du plan de chargement.In a first step illustrated by the figure 2 the second end (29) of the tubular transfer line (25) is disconnected from the connector (60) of the first surface unit (11). The link (52) is wound on the winch (51) so as to disengage the second free end (29) of the tubular transfer pipe (25). The structure of support and guide (40) is then oriented by rotation of the first arm (42) about its vertical axis to get in the axis of the loading plane.

Dans une deuxième étape illustrée par la figure 3, la structure de support et de guidage (40) est déployée en faisant pivoter le bras articulé (41). Le premier bras (42) est incliné en le faisant pivoter autour de son axe de rotation horizontal, par exemple d'un angle de 60° pour amener le deuxième bras (43) au-delà de la coque. La deuxième section flexible (32) est alors suspendue au dessus de la surface de l'eau et des défenses d'accostage (16).In a second step illustrated by the figure 3 the support and guide structure (40) is deployed by pivoting the articulated arm (41). The first arm (42) is inclined by rotating it about its horizontal axis of rotation, for example by a 60 ° angle to bring the second arm (43) beyond the shell. The second flexible section (32) is then suspended above the surface of the water and the docking defenses (16).

Dans une troisième étape illustrée par la figure 4, la position selon l'axe vertical de la deuxième conduite flexible verticale (32) est ajustée en déployant une longueur de lien (52) adéquate afin d'abaisser la deuxième extrémité (29) de la conduite de transfert tubulaire (25) et ainsi la rapprocher du collecteur (20) de la deuxième installation de surface (12).In a third step illustrated by the figure 4 the position along the vertical axis of the second vertical flexible pipe (32) is adjusted by deploying a link length (52) adequate to lower the second end (29) of the tubular transfer pipe (25) and thereby bring it closer to the collector (20) of the second surface installation (12).

Dans une quatrième étape illustrée par la figure 5, le premier bras (42) est incliné encore 5 jusqu'à former un angle de 45° par rapport à l'horizontal amenant ainsi le dispositif de connecteur de la deuxième extrémité (29) de conduite de transfert tubulaire (25) face au dispositif de connecteur du collecteur (20) de la deuxième installation de surface (12). La conduite tubulaire est connectée sur le collecteur (20).In a fourth step illustrated by the figure 5 the first arm (42) is further inclined to form an angle of 45 ° to the horizontal thereby causing the connector device of the second tubular transfer line end (29) facing the device collector connector (20) of the second surface installation (12). The tubular pipe is connected to the manifold (20).

Dans une cinquième étape illustrée par la figure 6, le deuxième bras (43) formant une balancelle est amenée dans une position sensiblement horizontale. Une fois la connexion effectuée sur le collecteur (20), le lien (52) est enroulé pour que le deuxième bras (43) soit sensiblement à l'horizontal. Le treuil est alors bloqué. La rotation du deuxième bras (43) permet de suivre le mouvement différentiel entre les bateaux. Grâce à son contrepoids, le deuxième bras (43) peut tourner autour d'un axe horizontal au niveau de son point de fixation (44). Le contrepoids (50) permet de stabiliser un état d'équilibre lors de la connexion de l'extrémité de la deuxième conduite flexible (32) sur le collecteur (20) et du transfert de fluide pour suivre les mouvements tout en limitant les risques de surcharges sur le collecteur (20). Bien que l'invention ait été décrite pour un système de transfert de GPL, elle peut s'appliquer à des systèmes de transfert pour d'autres fluides tels que par exemple du GNL ou encore du pétrole. Ainsi, des modifications pourraient être apportées à l'invention. Par exemple, les installations de surface pourraient être des barges, des plateformes, des navires de stockage de fluide divers. Le système de transfert de fluide n'est pas limité au transfert de GPL entre un FPSO et un navire de stockage de GPL.In a fifth step illustrated by the figure 6 , the second arm (43) forming a swing is brought into a substantially horizontal position. Once the connection is made to the collector (20), the link (52) is wound so that the second arm (43) is substantially horizontal. The winch is then blocked. The rotation of the second arm (43) makes it possible to follow the differential movement between the boats. With its counterweight, the second arm (43) can rotate about a horizontal axis at its point of attachment (44). The counterweight (50) stabilizes a state of equilibrium when connecting the end of the second flexible pipe (32) to the manifold (20) and the fluid transfer to follow the movements while limiting the risks of overloads on the collector (20). Although the invention has been described for a LPG transfer system, it can be applied to transfer systems for other fluids such as for example LNG or petroleum. Thus, modifications could be made to the invention. For example, surface facilities could be barges, platforms, various fluid storage vessels. The system of Fluid transfer is not limited to the transfer of LPG between an FPSO and a LPG storage vessel.

Par exemple, la conduite tubulaire peut être une conduite flexible d'un seul tenant et le raccord coudé est alors une gouttière dans laquelle vient s'appuyer la conduite flexible. Le lien est alors connecté sur la gouttière. Cette solution n'est cependant pas privilégiée car le rayon de courbure de la gouttière ne peut être inférieur au rayon de courbure minimum de la conduite flexible. Le système est alors moins compact.For example, the tubular conduit may be a flexible pipe in one piece and the elbow is then a gutter in which rests the flexible pipe. The link is then connected to the gutter. This solution is however not preferred because the radius of curvature of the channel can not be less than the minimum radius of curvature of the flexible pipe. The system is then less compact.

L'invention n'est par ailleurs pas limitée à des conduites flexibles cryogénique mais inclue les conduites flexibles liées et non liées telles que définies dans les documents normatifs de l'« American Petroleum Institute » AP117J et API RP17B.The invention is also not limited to flexible cryogenic pipes but includes flexible pipes and unbonded flexible as defined in the standard documents of the "American Petroleum Institute AP117J and API RP17B.

Claims (7)

  1. A system (10) for transferring a fluid between a first surface installation (11) and a second surface installation (12) comprising a tubular transfer conduit (25) that can be deployed between the two surface facilities, the first end (28) of which is connected to a piping of the first surface installation (11) while the second end (29) is designed to be connected to a manifold (20) of the second surface installation (12), the tubular transfer conduit (25) being suspended below a support and guide structure (40) by a link (52), in which the tubular transfer conduit consists of:
    - a first flexible section (30);
    - a second flexible section (32), the free end (29) of which emerging downward is provided with a connection device (27) designed to be connected to the manifold (20) of the second surface installation (12), and
    - an elbow connection (31) positioned between the first and second flexible sections (32),
    the tubular transfer conduit (25) being suspended below the support and guide structure (40) by a link (52) linking the support structure (40) and a point of the elbow connection (31), characterized in that the first flexible section 30) extends as a catenary, the second flexible section (32) extending substantially vertically,
    the support and guide structure (40) being a hinged arm (41) rotatably mounted around a horizontal axis on the first surface installation (11) and bears a winch (51) to deploy a given link length (52) between the hinged arm (41) and the point of the elbow connection (31).
  2. The fluid transfer system (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the second flexible section (32) has a length greater than 10 m.
  3. The fluid transfer system (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the elbow connection (31) is rigid and provided with flexible/rigid connectors (36) at each of its opposite ends and has two rectilinear sections, the axes of which form an angle comprised between 30° and 120°.
  4. The fluid transfer system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hinged arm (41) comprises a first arm (42) mounted around a horizontal axis on the first surface installation (11) and at the end of which a second arm (43) is rotatably mounted supporting a counterweight (50), thereby forming a swing tray and making it possible to stabilize a state of equilibrium during the connection of the end of the second flexible conduit on the manifold (20) of the second surface installation (12).
  5. The fluid transfer system (10) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the first arm (42) comprises a vertical axis of rotation to put itself in the axis of the loading plane.
  6. The fluid transfer system (10) according to claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the elbow connection comprises a fluid swivel.
  7. The fluid transfer system (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the link (52) is a metal cable.
EP12722189.3A 2011-02-22 2012-03-06 System for transferring a fluid, especially liquefied petroleum gas, between a first surface installation and a second surface installation Active EP2678216B1 (en)

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FR1100526A FR2971762B1 (en) 2011-02-22 2011-02-22 SYSTEM FOR TRANSFERRING A FLUID, IN PARTICULAR LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS BETWEEN A FIRST SURFACE INSTALLATION AND A SECOND SURFACE INSTALLATION
PCT/IB2012/000415 WO2012114198A2 (en) 2011-02-22 2012-03-06 System for transferring a fluid, especially liquefied petroleum gas, between a first surface installation and a second surface installation

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BR (1) BR112013021322B1 (en)
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FR2971762B1 (en) 2015-05-01
RU2013142997A (en) 2015-03-27
ES2698474T3 (en) 2019-02-04
BR112013021322B1 (en) 2021-04-13
FR2971762A1 (en) 2012-08-24
EP2678216A2 (en) 2014-01-01
IL227997A0 (en) 2013-09-30
PL2678216T3 (en) 2019-02-28
IL227997A (en) 2017-03-30
AU2012221805A1 (en) 2013-09-05
WO2012114198A2 (en) 2012-08-30
AU2012221805B2 (en) 2016-11-24
WO2012114198A3 (en) 2012-11-08
US9927069B2 (en) 2018-03-27
US20130333804A1 (en) 2013-12-19
BR112013021322A2 (en) 2016-10-25

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