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EP2524185A1 - Procédés de formation de parois à surface améliorée pour utilisation dans des appareils - Google Patents

Procédés de formation de parois à surface améliorée pour utilisation dans des appareils

Info

Publication number
EP2524185A1
EP2524185A1 EP10843354A EP10843354A EP2524185A1 EP 2524185 A1 EP2524185 A1 EP 2524185A1 EP 10843354 A EP10843354 A EP 10843354A EP 10843354 A EP10843354 A EP 10843354A EP 2524185 A1 EP2524185 A1 EP 2524185A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
centerline
distorted
set forth
enhanced
initial
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP10843354A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2524185B1 (fr
EP2524185A4 (fr
Inventor
Iii Richard S. Smith
Kevin Fuller
David J. Kukulka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rigidized Metals Corp
Original Assignee
Rigidized Metals Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rigidized Metals Corp filed Critical Rigidized Metals Corp
Publication of EP2524185A1 publication Critical patent/EP2524185A1/fr
Publication of EP2524185A4 publication Critical patent/EP2524185A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2524185B1 publication Critical patent/EP2524185B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F28F3/042—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/08—Making tubes with welded or soldered seams
    • B21C37/083—Supply, or operations combined with supply, of strip material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/156—Making tubes with wall irregularities
    • B21C37/158—Protrusions, e.g. dimples
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D13/00—Corrugating sheet metal, rods or profiles; Bending sheet metal, rods or profiles into wave form
    • B21D13/10—Corrugating sheet metal, rods or profiles; Bending sheet metal, rods or profiles into wave form into a peculiar profiling shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
    • B21H8/00—Rolling metal of indefinite length in repetitive shapes specially designed for the manufacture of particular objects, e.g. checkered sheets
    • B21H8/005—Embossing sheets or rolls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F28F1/424—Means comprising outside portions integral with inside portions
    • F28F1/426—Means comprising outside portions integral with inside portions the outside portions and the inside portions forming parts of complementary shape, e.g. concave and convex
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/08—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being otherwise bent, e.g. in a serpentine or zig-zag
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D9/005—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having openings therein for both heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F28F3/042—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element
    • F28F3/044—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element the deformations being pontual, e.g. dimples
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F28F3/042—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element
    • F28F3/046—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element the deformations being linear, e.g. corrugations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
    • F28F3/083—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning capable of being taken apart

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to methods of forming enhanced- surface walls for use in apparatae (e.g., heat transfer devices, fluid-mixing devices, etc.) for performing a process, to enhanced-surface walls per se, and to various apparatae incorporating such enhanced-surface walls.
  • apparatae e.g., heat transfer devices, fluid-mixing devices, etc.
  • US 5,052,476 A appears to disclose a heat transfer tube having U-shaped primary grooves, V-shaped secondary grooves, and pear-shaped tertiary grooves to increase turbulence and reflux efficiency.
  • the tube is first formed as a plate, and is then rolled into a tube, after which its proximate ends are welded together.
  • the depth of the secondary grooves is said to be 50-100% of the depth of the primary grooves.
  • US 6,182,743 B1 appears to disclose a heat transfer tube with polyhedral arrays to enhance heat transfer characteristics.
  • the polyhedral arrays may be applied to internal and external tube surfaces. This reference may teach the use of ribs, fins, coatings and inserts to break up the boundary layer.
  • US 2005/0067156 A1 appears to disclose a heat transfer tube that is cold- or forge-welded, and that has dimpled patterns thereon of various shapes.
  • US 2005/0247380 A1 appears to disclose a heat transfer tube of tin-brass alloys to resist formicary (i.e., ant-like) corrosion.
  • US 5,351 ,397 A appears to disclose a roll-formed nucleate boiling pate having a first pattern of grooves separated by ridges, and a second pattern of more- shallow groves machined into the ridges.
  • the second pattern depth is said to be about 10-50% of the depth of the first pattern.
  • the present invention broadly provides: (1 ) improved methods of forming enhanced-surface walls for use in apparatae (e.g., heat transfer devices, fluid mixing devices, etc.) for performing a process, (2) to enhanced-surface walls per se, and (3) to various apparatae incorporating such enhanced-surface walls.
  • apparatae e.g., heat transfer devices, fluid mixing devices, etc.
  • Each secondary pattern surface density may be greater than each primary pattern surface density.
  • the step of impressing the primary patterns onto each of distorted surfaces may include the additional step of: cold-working the material.
  • the secondary patterns may be the same.
  • the step of impressing the secondary patterns onto the material may increase the maximum transverse dimension of the material from the centerline to the farthest point of the distorted material of up to 135% of the maximum transverse dimension from the centerline to the farthest point on the initial surface.
  • the step of impressing the secondary patterns onto the material may increase the maximum transverse dimension of the material from the centerline to the farthest point of the distorted material of up to 150% of the maximum transverse dimension from the centerline to the farthest point on the initial surface.
  • the step of impressing the secondary patterns onto the material may increase the maximum transverse dimension of the material from the centerline to the farthest point of the distorted material of up to 300% of the maximum transverse dimension from the centerline to the farthest point on the initial surface.
  • the step of impressing the secondary patterns onto the material may not reduce the minimum dimension of the material, when measured from any point on one of such distorted surfaces to the closest point on the opposite one of such distorted surfaces, below 50% of the minimum dimension from any point on one of the initial surfaces to the closest point on the opposite initial surface.
  • the primary patterns may be the same.
  • the primary patterns may be shifted relative to one another such that a maximum dimension from the centerline to one further-distorted surface will correspond to a minimum dimension from the centerline to the other further-distorted surface.
  • the step of impressing the primary patterns onto the material may not reduce the minimum dimension of the further-distorted material, when measured from the centerline to any point on either of the further-distorted surfaces, below 95% of the minimum dimension of the material, when measured from the centerline to either of the initial surfaces.
  • the step of impressing the primary patterns onto each of the surfaces may further increase the dimension from the centerline to the farthest point of the further- distorted material.
  • the opposite surfaces of the material may be initially planar.
  • the steps of impressing the patterns may include the steps of impressing the patterns by at least one of a rigidizing, stamping, rolling, pressing and embossing operation.
  • the step of joining the proximate ends of the material together may include the further step of: welding the proximate ends of the material to join them together.
  • the method may further comprise the additional step of: installing the enhanced-surface wall in a heat exchanger.
  • the invention provides an enhanced-surface wall manufactured by the method defined by any of the foregoing steps.
  • the primary patterns may be directional or non-directional.
  • the secondary patterns may be directional or non-directional.
  • the material may be homogeneous or non-homogeneous.
  • the material may be provided with a coating on at least a portion of one of the initial surfaces.
  • the invention provides an improved heat transfer device that incorporates the improved enhanced-surface wall.
  • the invention provides an improved enhanced-surface wall (20) for use in an apparatus for performing a process, which wall comprises: a length of material (21) having opposite initial surfaces (21a, 21b), the material having a longitudinal centerline (x-x) positioned substantially midway between the initial surfaces, the material having an initial transverse dimension measured from the center- line to a point on either of the initial surfaces located farthest away from the center- line, each of the initial surfaces having a initial surface density, the surface density being defined as the number of characters (including zero) on a surface per unit of projected surface area; secondary patterns (23) having secondary pattern surface densities impressed onto each of the initial surfaces, the secondary patterns distorting the material and increasing the surface densities on each of the surfaces and increasing the transverse dimension of the material from the centerline to the farthest point of such distorted material; and primary patterns (25) having primary pattern surface densities impressed onto each of such distorted surfaces and further distorting the material and further increasing the surface densities on each of the surfaces.
  • Each secondary pattern surface density may be greater than each primary pattern surface density.
  • the secondary patterns may be the same.
  • the secondary patterns may be shifted relative to one another such that a maximum dimension from the centerline to one distorted surface will correspond to a minimum dimension from the centerline to the other distorted surface.
  • the maximum transverse dimension of the material from the centerline to the farthest point of the distorted material may be less than 135% of the maximum transverse dimension from the centerline to the farthest point on the initial surface.
  • the maximum transverse dimension of the material from the centerline to the farthest point of the distorted material may be less than 150% of the maximum transverse dimension from the centerline to the farthest point on the initial surface.
  • the minimum dimension of the material when measured from any point on one of such distorted surfaces to the closest point on the opposite one of such distorted surfaces, is at least 95% of the minimum dimension from any point on one of the initial surfaces to the closest point on the opposite initial surface.
  • the primary patterns may be the same or different.
  • the minimum dimension of the further-distorted material when measured from the centerline to any point on either of the further-distorted surfaces, may be at least 50% of the minimum dimension of the material, when measured from the centerline to either of the initial surfaces.
  • the impressed primary patterns may further increase the dimension from the centerline to the farthest point of the further-distorted material.
  • Still another object is to provide an improved apparatus that incorporates an improved enhanced-surface wall.
  • Fig. 1A is a schematic top plan view of a length of material showing the Secondary 1 and Primary 1 patterns being impressed thereon.
  • Fig. 2C is a top plan view of the superimposed Primary 1 and Secondary 1 patterns, as shown in Figs. 1A-1 B, impressed into the material, the scale of Fig. 2C being the same as the scale of Figs. 2A-2B.
  • Fig. 3A is a greatly-enlarged fragmentary transverse vertical sectional view of the material prior to impressing the Secondary 1 patterns thereon, this view being taken generally on line 3A-3A of Fig. 1A.
  • Fig. 3B is a greatly-enlarged fragmentary transverse vertical sectional view thereof, taken generally on line 3B-3B of Fig. 2A, showing the Secondary 1 patterns impressed onto the material.
  • Fig. 3C is a greatly-enlarged fragmentary transverse sectional view, taken generally on line 3C-3C of Fig. 2B, showing the Primary 1 patterns impressed into the material.
  • Fig. 3D is a greatly-enlarged fragmentary transverse sectional view thereof, taken generally on line 3D-3D of Fig. 2C, showing the Primary 1 and Secondary 1 patterns impressed into the material.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic transverse vertical sectional view thereof, showing how the Secondary 1 patterns are impressed into the material.
  • Fig. 5A is a schematic view, showing how the point-to-point wall thickness of a plain sheet is measured.
  • Fig. 5B is a schematic view, showing how the point-to-point wall thickness of the material is measured after the Secondary 1 patterns have been impressed therein.
  • Fig. 5C is a schematic view showing how the point-to-point wall thickness of the Primary 1 patterns is measured.
  • Fig. 5D is a schematic view showing how the point-to-point wall thickness of the finished enhanced-surface material is measured, this material having the super imposed Primary 1 and Secondary 1 patterns impressed thereon.
  • Fig. 6A is a schematic view showing how the area thickness of a plain sheet is measured.
  • Fig. 6B is a schematic view showing how the area wall thickness is measured after the Secondary 1 patterns have been impressed thereon.
  • Fig. 6C is a schematic view showing how the area wall thickness is measured after the Primary 1 patterns have been impressed thereon.
  • Fig. 6D is a schematic view showing how the area wall thickness of an enhanced-surface wall is measured after the Primary 1 and Secondary 1 patterns have been impressed thereon.
  • Fig. 7A is a top plan view showing another primary pattern, designated the Primary 2 pattern, impressed on a sheet.
  • Fig. 7B is a fragmentary transverse vertical sectional view thereof taken on line 7B-7B of Fig. 7A.
  • Fig. 7C is a fragmentary transverse horizontal sectional view thereof, taken generally on line 7C-7C of Fig. 7A.
  • Fig. 8A is a top plan view of a third primary pattern, designated the Primary 3 pattern, impressed on a sheet of material.
  • Fig. 8B is a fragmentary transverse vertical sectional view thereof, taken generally on line 8B-8B of Fig. 8A.
  • Fig. 8C is a fragmentary transverse horizontal sectional view thereof, taken generally on line 8C-8C of Fig. 8A.
  • Fig. 9A is a top plan view of another primary pattern, designated the Primary 4 pattern, impressed into a sheet of material, this pattern having a character surface density of 0.5.
  • Fig. 9B is a view similar to Fig. 9A, but showing a variant form of the Primary 4 pattern having a character surface density of 1.0.
  • Fig. 9C is a view similar to Figs. 9A and 9B, but showing another variant form of the Primary 4 pattern having a character surface density of 2.0.
  • Fig. 10A is a top plan view of another primary pattern, designated the Primary 5 pattern, impressed on a sheet of material.
  • Fig. 10B is a fragmentary transverse vertical sectional view thereof, taken generally on line 10B-10B of Fig. 10A.
  • Fig. 10C is a fragmentary transverse horizontal sectional view thereof, taken generally on line 10C-10C of Fig. 10A.
  • Fig. 1 1A is a top plan view of another secondary pattern, designated the Secondary 2 pattern, impressed into the material, this view showing the individual characters as being somewhat oval-shaped.
  • Fig. 1 1 B is a fragmentary transverse vertical sectional view thereof, taken generally on line 11 B-11 B of Fig. 11 A.
  • Fig. 1 1 C is a fragmentary transverse horizontal sectional view thereof, taken generally on line 1 1 C-1 1 C of Fig. 1 1 A.
  • Fig. 12A is a top plan view of another secondary pattern, designated the Secondary 3 pattern, impressed onto a length of material, this view showing the individual characters as being somewhat lemon-shaped.
  • Fig. 12B is a fragmentary transverse vertical sectional view thereof, taken generally on line 12B-12B of Fig. 12A.
  • Fig. 12C is a fragmentary transverse horizontal sectional view thereof, taken generally on line 12C-12C of Fig. 12A.
  • Fig. 13A is a top plan view of another primary pattern, designated the Primary 6 pattern, impressed into a length of material.
  • Fig. 13B is a fragmentary transverse vertical sectional view thereof, taken generally on line 13B-13B of Fig. 13A.
  • Fig. 14A is still another example of a criss-crossed directional primary pattern, designated the Primary 7 pattern, impressed on a length of material, this pattern being directional in both the longitudinal and transverse directions.
  • Fig. 14B is fragmentary transverse vertical sectional view thereof, taken generally on line 14B-14B of Fig. 14A.
  • Fig. 14C is a fragmentary transverse horizontal sectional view thereof, taken generally on line 14C-14C of Fig. 14A.
  • Fig. 15A is a fragmentary view of another pebble-like non-directional pattern, designated as Secondary 4 pattern, impressed on a length of material.
  • Fig. 15B is a fragmentary transverse vertical sectional view thereof, taken generally on line 15B-15B of Fig. 15A.
  • Fig. 15C is a fragmentary transverse horizontal sectional view thereof, taken generally on line 15C-15C of Fig. 15A.
  • Fig. 16A is a top plan view of yet another honeycomb-like non-directional pattern, designated Secondary 4 pattern, impressed on the length of material.
  • Fig. 16B is a fragmentary transverse vertical sectional view thereof, taken generally on line 16B-16B of Fig. 15A.
  • Fig. 17 is a schematic view of one process for making enhanced-surface tubes.
  • Fig. 24B is a fragmentary vertical sectional view thereof, taken generally on line 24B-24B of Fig. 24A.
  • Fig. 25A is a front elevation of a third enhanced-surface fin having cooler tube openings and smaller flow-through openings.
  • Fig. 28 is a schematic view of a fluid flow vessel incorporating enhanced surfaces therewithin.
  • FIG. 26 An improved heat exchanger incorporating the enhanced-surface tubes is schematically shown in Fig. 26.
  • the material 21 is only partially deformed by the two rolls. Thus, the material will have a series of dimple-like concavities indicated at 27, separated by intermediate arcuate convexities, severally indicated at 28. In an alternative process, the material could be fully deformed, or "coined", between the upper and lower rolls.
  • the primary patterns impressed into the opposite sides of the material may be the same, or may be different.
  • the step of impressing the primary patterns into the material does not reduce the minimum dimension of the further-distorted material, when measured from the centerline to any point on either of the further- distorted surfaces, below 50% of the minimum dimension of the material, when measured from the centerline to either one of the initial surfaces.
  • the initial surfaces may be planar or may be supplied with some pattern or patterns impressed thereon.
  • the step of impressing the primary and secondary patterns onto the material may be by a rigidizing operation, a stamping operation, a rolling operation, a pressing operation, an embossing operation, or by some other type of process or operation.
  • the material may be supplied with cooler tube openings and/or with flow-through openings of whatever pattern is desired.
  • the method may further include the additional step of bending the en- hanced-surface wall such that the proximate ends are positioned adjacent one another, and jointing the proximate ends of the material together, as by welding to form an enhanced-surface tube.
  • the method may include the further step of providing holes through the material.
  • the enhanced-surface wall may be installed in heat exchanger, in some type of fluid-handling apparatus or in still other forms of apparatus as well.
  • the material may be provided with a coating (e.g., a plating, etc.) on at least a portion of one of its initial surfaces, or such initial surface(s) may be chemically treated (e.g., electro-polished, etc.). Such coating and/or chemical treatment may be applied before, during or after the formation of the enhanced surfaces thereon.
  • a coating e.g., a plating, etc.
  • Such coating and/or chemical treatment may be applied before, during or after the formation of the enhanced surfaces thereon.
  • portion includes a range of from 0-100%.
  • the invention also includes an enhanced-surface wall formed by the forgoing method.
  • Fig. 5A-5D show how the point-to-point wall thickness is measured during various stages of the method.
  • the term "point-to-point wall thickness” means the thickness of the material from a point on one surface thereof to the closest point on the opposite surface thereof.
  • Fig. 5A shows a micrometer as measuring the initial thickness between planar surfaces 21a, 21b.
  • Fig. 5B shows the micrometer as measuring the wall thickness after the Secondary 1 patterns have been impressed thereon. This view schematically shows two measuring orientations, one being of the vertical thickness and the other being at an angle, such that the lesser of the two measured thicknesses may be used.
  • Fig. 5C shows how the point-to-point wall thickness would be measured when the primary pattern is impressed into the material.
  • This pattern somewhat resembles a raised honeycomb, and has an upper surface 31a and a lower surface 31 b.
  • This pattern is directional in the vertical direction, but non-directional in the horizontal direction.
  • the vertical and horizontal transverse cross-sections are shown in Figs. 7B- 7C.
  • Figs. 8A-8C show another furrow-like primary pattern, designated the Primary 3 pattern. This pattern is generally indicated at 32. This pattern is directional in the vertical direction, but is non-directional in the horizontal direction. The vertical and horizontal transverse cross-sections are shown in Figs. 8B-8C. This pattern has sinusoidal undulations, albeit of different periods, in each of the two orthogonal transverse directions on its upper and lower surfaces.
  • Figs. 9A-9C show another secondary pattern designated the Secondary 2 pattern.
  • This pattern comprises of a series of dimple-like indentations on one surface, and vertically-aligned convexities on the opposite surface. These dimples can be staggered or in-line, as desired.
  • This pattern is generally indicated at 34 in Fig. 9A, and is shown as having an upper surface 35a.
  • Figs. 9A-9C are drawn to the same scale, as indicated by the 6.0 x 6.0 dimensions.
  • Figs. 13A-13B are used to illustrate a directional pattern, designated the Primary 6 pattern.
  • This pattern is generally indicated at 43, and is shown as having upper and lower surfaces 44a, 44b, respectively Note that the pattern appears to have a series of step functions on its opposite surfaces, as shown in Fig. 13B. Note also, and the characters are aligned such that each projection on one surface corresponds with an indentation on the other surface.
  • This pattern is directional in the horizontal direction, but not in the vertical direction.
  • Figs. 16A-16C show still another honeycomb-like non-directional secondary pattern, designated the Secondary 5 pattern impressed on a material.
  • This pattern is generally indicated at 50, and is shown as having upper and lower surfaces 51a, 51b, respectively.
  • This pattern is non-directional in the vertical and horizontal directions.
  • Fig. 17 depicts one method of making a round tube having enhanced surfaces.
  • a coil 52 having the primary and secondary patterns (and, optionally, whatever cooler tube and flow-through openings are desired) is unwound.
  • the leading edge of the material passes through a series of rollers and roller dies, severally indicated at 53, within which the planar sheet material is rolled into a round tube with the two longitudinal edges being arranged closely adjacent, or, preferably, abutting, one another.
  • the rolled tube is then passed through a preheating unit 54 and a welding unit 55 to weld the longitudinal edges together.
  • the welded tube is then passed through a secondary heating unit 56 to anneal the weld and the material, and is then cooled in a cooling unit 58.
  • the cooled welded tube is then passed through a deburrer to smooth the weld edges, and is further advanced rightwardly by rollers 60, 60.
  • Round Tube (Figs. 18A-18C)
  • Tubes may have many different shapes and cross-sections.
  • Figs. 18A- 18C depict a length of welded round tube that may be manufactured by the process indicated in Fig. 17.
  • the tube, generally indicated at 62, is shown as having primary and secondary patterns.
  • tube 62 has a thin-walled circular transverse cross-section.
  • Figs. 19A-19C depict a tube 64 having a generally-rectangular transverse cross-section, with primary and secondary patterns on its inner and outer surfaces. This tube may, if desired, be formed with a coating or may be chemically treated.
  • U-Shaped Tube Figs. 20A-20C
  • Figs. 20A-20C depict a round tube which is bent to have a U-shape, when seen in elevation.
  • This tube generally indicated at 65, has primary and secondary patterns on its inner and outer surfaces.
  • Figs. 21A-21 D depict a helically-wound coil formed from a length of round tubing. This coil, generally indicated at 66, has primary and secondary patterns on its inner and outer surfaces.
  • Fig. 22 is a schematic view of one process for forming enhanced-surface fins.
  • a coil 68 of material with primary and secondary patterns is unrolled.
  • the leading edge of the material passes around idler rollers 69a, 69b, c9c, and is then passed between an opposed pair of roller dies 70a, 70b, which punch or form various holes (e.g., cooling tube holes and/or flow-through holes in whatever pattern is desired) in the material.
  • the leading edge is then passed through a second pair of roller dies 71a, 71b, which form flanges on the material.
  • the leading edge is then passed under a cut-off shear 72, where individual fins, severally indi- cated at 73, are cut from the roll material. These fins are moved rightwardly by the action of rollers 74.
  • Figs. 23A-25E show different forms of improved fins having different combinations of primary and secondary patterns, and having cooler tube openings and variously-sized flow through openings.
  • a second form of fin is generally indicated at 79 in Figs. 24A-24B.
  • the individual characters of the primary and secondary patters are again indicated at 76', 76", respectively.
  • the cooling tube openings and the relatively-small flow-through openings are again indicated at 77, 78, respectively. Notice that second fin 78 is thinner, and more deeply distorted than first fin 75.
  • Figs. 25A-25E Five different fins are illustrated in Figs. 25A-25E.
  • the cooling tube openings or holes are indicated at 77.
  • the salient difference between .these five figures lies in the size and configuration of the flow-through openings.
  • a third form of fin, generally indicated at 79 is shown as having a plurality of smaller-sized flow-though openings, severally indicated at 80.
  • a fourth form of fin, generally indicated at 79' is shown as having intermediately-sized flow-through openings, severally indicated at 80'.
  • Fig. 25C a fifth form of fin, generally indicated at 79", is shown as having larger-sized flow-through openings, severally indicated at 80".
  • FIG. 25D illustrates a sixth form of fin having various vertical columns of small, intermediate and large flow-through holes.
  • Fig. 25E illustrates a seventh form of fin having another combination of small, intermediate and large flow-through holes. In each of these cases, the fin has primary and secondary patterns.
  • An improved heat exchanger is shown in Fig. 26 as having an outer shell 82.
  • a serpentine enhanced-surface heat transfer tube 83 extends between a hot inlet and a hot outlet on the shell. Cold fluid is admitted to the shell through a cold inlet, and flows around the tube toward a cold outlet, through which it exits the shell.
  • the inlet and outlet connections and/or the tube geometry may be changed, as desired.
  • Figs. 27A-27E depict an improved cooler, generally indicated at 84.
  • This cooler is shown as having a plurality of enhanced-surface tubes, severally indicated at 85, that penetrate a bottom 86 and that rise upwardly through a plurality of vertically-spaced fins, severally indicated at 88.
  • the tubes wind through the fins in a serpentine manner.
  • Each fin is shown as having a plurality of cooler tube openings 89 to accommodate passage of the tubes.
  • Each fin has primary and secondary patterns, and may optionally have a number of flow-through openings in whatever pattern is desired.
  • Fig. 27A depicts a plan view of the cooler bottom.
  • Fig. 27B is a fragmentary vertical sectional view of the cooler, taken generally on line 27B-27B of Fig.27A, and shows the tubes as passing upwardly and downwardly through aligned cooler tube openings in the fins.
  • Fig. 27C is a side elevation of the cooler.
  • Fig. 27D is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view through the cooler, taken generally on line 27D-27D of Fig. 27C, and shows a bottom plan view of one of the fins.
  • Fig. 27E is an enlarged detail view of the lower right portion of the fin, this view being taken within the indicated circle in Fig. 27D.
  • An improved fluid-flow vessel is generally indicated at 90 in Fig. 28.
  • This vessel is shown as including a process column, generally indicated at 91 , that includes a plurality of vertically-spaced enhanced surface walls, severally indicated at 92. Vapor rises upwardly through the column by sequentially passing through the various walls, and liquid descends through the column by also passing through the various walls. Vapor at the top of the column passes via conduit 93 to a condenser 94. Liquid is returned to the uppermost chamber within the column by a conduit 95. At the bottom of the process column, collected liquid is supplied via a conduit 96 to an enhanced-surface reboiler 98. Vapor leaving this reboiler is supplied to the lowermost chamber of the column via a conduit 99.
  • Fig. 29A depicts an improved heat exchanger plate, generally indicated at 100.
  • a plurality of such plates may be stacked on top of one another, and adjacent plates may be sealingly separated by a gasket (not shown) to define flow passageways therebetween.
  • Fig. 29B shows that portions of the heat exchanger plate may have enhanced surfaces thereon so as to facilitate heat transfer.
  • Fig. 29B clearly shows that the illustrated portion of the plate may have primary patterns 101 and secondary patterns 102.
  • the present invention broadly provides an improved method of forming an enhanced-surface wall for use in an apparatus for performing a process, an improved enhanced-surface wall, and uses thereof.
  • the present invention contemplates that many changes and modifications may be made.
  • the material may be formed of stainless steel, other types of material(s) (e.g., various alloys of aluminum, titanium, copper, etc, or various ceramics) may be used.
  • the material may be homogenous or non-homogenous. It may be coated or chemically treated, either before, during or after the method described herein.
  • the primary and secondary patterns may have a variety of different shapes and configurations, some regular and directional, and others not.
  • the same types or configurations of characters may be used in the primary and secondary patters, with the difference residing in the depth and/or surface density of such characters.
  • the various heat transfer devices disclosed herein may be complete in and of themselves, or may be portions of larger devices, which may have shapes other than those shown.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
  • Finishing Walls (AREA)
  • Printing Methods (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un procédé de formation de parois à surface améliorée pour réalisation d'un processus. De manière générale, le procédé consiste : à fournir une longueur de matériau ayant des surfaces initiales opposées, ledit matériau ayant un axe médian longitudinal positionné sensiblement à mi-chemin entre les surfaces, chacune desdites surfaces initiales ayant une densité initiale de surface, à imprimer des configurations secondaires ayant certaines densités de surface sur chacune desdites surfaces initiales afin de déformer ledit matériau, et à imprimer des configurations primaires ayant certaines densités de surface sur chacune de telles surfaces déformées afin de déformer de plus ledit matériau et augmenter de plus les densités de surface sur chacune desdites surfaces.
EP10843354.1A 2010-01-15 2010-08-27 Procédé de formation d'un paroi à surface améliorée pour utilisation dans un appareil Active EP2524185B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US29565310P 2010-01-15 2010-01-15
PCT/US2010/002363 WO2011087474A1 (fr) 2010-01-15 2010-08-27 Procédés de formation de parois à surface améliorée pour utilisation dans des appareils

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EP2524185A1 true EP2524185A1 (fr) 2012-11-21
EP2524185A4 EP2524185A4 (fr) 2017-01-04
EP2524185B1 EP2524185B1 (fr) 2021-07-14

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EP (1) EP2524185B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5905830B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101793754B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN102713489B (fr)
AU (1) AU2010341861B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR112012017291B1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2786526C (fr)
ES (1) ES2883234T3 (fr)
HK (1) HK1176675A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2542628C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011087474A1 (fr)

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KR101367320B1 (ko) 2012-08-22 2014-03-12 현대자동차주식회사 배기열 회수용 배기파이프의 구조
DE102014202293A1 (de) * 2014-02-07 2015-08-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Kühlkörper
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RU2647866C2 (ru) * 2016-05-31 2018-03-21 Юрий Васильевич Таланин Способ изготовления жидкостного охладителя
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2011087474A1 (fr) 2011-07-21
JP5905830B2 (ja) 2016-04-20
AU2010341861B2 (en) 2015-04-23
BR112012017291A2 (pt) 2016-04-19
HK1176675A1 (zh) 2013-08-02
KR20120116962A (ko) 2012-10-23
CA2786526A1 (fr) 2011-07-21
RU2012134771A (ru) 2014-02-20
ES2883234T3 (es) 2021-12-07
CA2786526C (fr) 2018-03-13
RU2542628C2 (ru) 2015-02-20
BR112012017291B1 (pt) 2020-03-17
CN102713489A (zh) 2012-10-03
KR101793754B1 (ko) 2017-11-20
AU2010341861A1 (en) 2012-07-19
EP2524185B1 (fr) 2021-07-14
JP2013517140A (ja) 2013-05-16
EP2524185A4 (fr) 2017-01-04
CN102713489B (zh) 2015-12-16

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