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EP2499727A2 - Ensemble interrupteur de puissance pour un onduleur - Google Patents

Ensemble interrupteur de puissance pour un onduleur

Info

Publication number
EP2499727A2
EP2499727A2 EP10775783A EP10775783A EP2499727A2 EP 2499727 A2 EP2499727 A2 EP 2499727A2 EP 10775783 A EP10775783 A EP 10775783A EP 10775783 A EP10775783 A EP 10775783A EP 2499727 A2 EP2499727 A2 EP 2499727A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit
inverter
power semiconductor
semiconductor switch
motor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP10775783A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Robert Januschevski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Original Assignee
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ZF Friedrichshafen AG filed Critical ZF Friedrichshafen AG
Publication of EP2499727A2 publication Critical patent/EP2499727A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output
    • H02M7/66Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output with possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/68Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output with possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/72Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/79Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/797Conversion of AC power input into DC power output; Conversion of DC power input into AC power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a circuit breaker arrangement for an inverter according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • inter alia converters are used, the machines being used e.g. powered by a DC power source but require one or more AC phases to operate.
  • Such machines particularly in the automotive driveline art, e.g. Three-phase motors, e.g. permanently or externally excited synchronous motors.
  • An inverter has e.g. a motor-side inverter or a drive inverter, the DC voltage from e.g. a DC link of the inverter, in particular a DC link with DC link capacitor, converts into an AC voltage of the desired frequency for controlling the direction of rotation and the rotational speed of the three-phase motor to be driven.
  • Such drive inverters are used in particular in motor vehicles, e.g. in electrically powered vehicles, the three-phase motor being e.g. is designed as a vehicle drive motor.
  • Such vehicle drive motors in particular permanently excited synchronous motors, usually show the design-related behavior that during operation an increasing with increasing speed counter voltage or internal voltage is induced (pole wheel), at very high speeds in the DC link, in particular by means of freewheeling diodes of (drive) Inverter, is fed or fed back and can cause damage in the inverter or the inverter, the battery, and other components.
  • drive freewheeling diodes of
  • a field weakening is made above the rated speed to avoid a harmful voltage feedback.
  • the bridge circuit By short-circuiting the bridge circuit can be prevented, for example, the DC link capacitor, a battery, the circuit breaker, etc., and thus the inverter are damaged by the induced voltage due to the rotor rotation.
  • a weak point of the known arrangements, however, is that the short circuit must be actively carried out by a control electronics of the inverter. When the drive electronics fail, there is no protection mechanism against damage caused by the voltage induced in the synchronous machine or motor.
  • DE 102 51 977 A1 discloses a synchronous motor of the present type with an active control device for short-circuiting the power semiconductor switches of the power electronics.
  • This protective device is disadvantageous in that a large number of components, in particular active components are used, whereby the cost and complexity of the arrangement are considerable.
  • DE 10 2005 009 341 A1 discloses a protective arrangement for a power output stage, which has a logic and a measuring unit. This arrangement is also complicated and expensive to implement using expensive active components.
  • DE 298 13 080 U1 shows another protective device against voltage feedback of an electric drive, wherein the protective device in turn requires a complicated electronics and a power supply by means of the electric drive.
  • DE 198 35 576 A1 discloses a drive system for a permanent-magnet electric motor which contains an operating state detection unit in order to generate a short circuit as needed. This arrangement, like the preceding ones, is likewise complicated, expensive and can not be realized without the use of active components.
  • the present invention seeks to solve the problems outlined above and to provide a circuit breaker assembly for an inverter, which has a corresponding Protection against voltage feedback of a three-phase motor easily and conveniently available and requires no additional active components.
  • the invention proposes a circuit breaker arrangement for an inverter, in particular a drive inverter, the circuit breaker arrangement comprising a power semiconductor switch and a protection circuit connected to the power semiconductor switch against voltage feedback of a three-phase motor connectable to the power semiconductor switch, wherein the power semiconductor switch has a control input and an input and an output, and wherein the protection circuit has a series connection of a Zener diode and a first ohmic resistance connected between the input and the control input, and a series circuit consisting of a second ohmic resistance and a diode connected between the control input and the output.
  • the zener diode is arranged in particular in the reverse direction between the input and the control input of the power semiconductor switch.
  • the diode is arranged in particular in the forward direction between the control input and output of the power semiconductor switch.
  • the protection circuit has exactly one zener diode and / or exactly one diode. It is further provided that the protection circuit has exactly one first and / or exactly one second ohmic resistance.
  • the power semiconductor switch is an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), wherein the input is designed as a collector electrode, the control input as a gate electrode and the output as an emitter electrode.
  • the power semiconductor switch is a field effect transistor (FET), in particular a metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET), the input being a drain, the control input being a gate and the output being a source. Electrode is formed.
  • an inverter for supplying a three-phase motor with electrical energy, in particular a motor vehicle drive motor, wherein the inverter has a half-bridge for connection to a phase winding of the three-phase motor, the half-bridge having a circuit breaker arrangement according to the invention.
  • the inverter per half bridge each has a circuit breaker arrangement.
  • the half-bridge to an electrical connection for a strand of a three-phase motor, which is electrically connected to the input of a power semiconductor switch of the circuit breaker assembly.
  • a half bridge has two power switch arrangements.
  • a drive arrangement for a motor vehicle with a three-phase motor which is supplied by means of an inverter with electrical energy, wherein the inverter for supplying power to the three-phase motor comprises a bridge circuit, wherein the bridge circuit comprises a circuit breaker arrangement according to the invention.
  • the three-phase motor is a synchronous motor, in particular a vehicle drive motor.
  • the three-phase motor can be a permanent-magnet motor or a motor with external excitation.
  • the bridge circuit has a half-bridge with a circuit breaker arrangement.
  • FIG. 1 shows by way of example a bridge circuit of the motor-side inverter of an inverter using circuit breaker arrangements according to a possible embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows an example of a circuit breaker arrangement according to a possible embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a circuit breaker arrangement 1 according to the invention, in particular for protection against voltage feedback of a three-phase motor, with a power semiconductor switch 2 and a protective circuit 3 according to the invention in a bridge circuit 4, e.g. a motor-side inverter or drive inverter, in particular an inverter for a permanently or externally excited synchronous motor, which, e.g. is used as a motor vehicle drive motor 5.
  • the inverter is part of an inverter, for example.
  • a converter has, for example, in a known manner a rectifier unit (not shown), which feeds a DC link in which, for example, an intermediate circuit capacitor is arranged.
  • the intermediate circuit supplies, for example, an intermediate circuit voltage UZK, in particular as a DC voltage to the input 4 'of the inverter, for example, for the bridge circuit 4 of the drive inverter, for generating the intended for engine operation AC voltage.
  • the inverter generates, for example, an AC voltage as an output voltage with variable voltage and frequency, for example, to control the direction of rotation and speed of an associated three-phase motor 5.
  • the three-phase motor 5 is e.g. designed as a three-phase motor, the three winding strands 5a, 5b, 5c are each fed by a half-bridge 4a, 4b, 4c.
  • the respective strand 5a, 5b, 5c of the three-phase motor 5 is thereby supplied by the respective half-bridge 4a, 4b, 4c, a voltage or a potential of predetermined polarity for a certain period of time.
  • the power semiconductor switches 2 of the half-bridges 4a, 4b, 4c e.g. controlled by a control logic, in a known manner accordingly.
  • a half-bridge 4a, 4b, 4c has e.g. two power semiconductor switches 2, e.g. as an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) or as a field effect transistor (FET), e.g. are formed as a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET).
  • the power semiconductor switches 2 are e.g. in particular designed or correspondingly dimensioned for the voltages occurring in the converter or in the drive inverter. Other power semiconductor switch types are also conceivable.
  • the power semiconductor switches 2 each have a control input 2a, e.g. in the form of a gate electrode and an input 2b in e.g. Form of a collector electrode (IGBT) or drain electrode (MOSFET) and an output 2c in e.g. Shape of an emitter electrode (IGBT) or source electrode (MOSFET). Between input 2b and output 2c, for example, a freewheeling diode 6 is connected in parallel in a known manner.
  • the power semiconductor switches 2 are controlled via their respective control input 2a or control terminal in a known manner, for example by an electronic control unit (not shown), wherein between the input 2b and output 2c as a result of the control, a short circuit can be generated, ie the power semiconductor switch 2 turns on.
  • a power semiconductor switch 2 for example the bridge circuit 4
  • the power semiconductor switch 2 is connected to the protection circuit 3 or the protection circuit 3 is arranged thereon.
  • the protection circuit 3 consists essentially of a series circuit of a Zener diode 7, a first 8 and a second 9 ohmic resistor and a diode 10.
  • a first end of this series circuit i.e. a e.g. electrical terminal 7a of the Zener diode 7, is provided for electrically conductive connection to the input 2b of the power semiconductor switch 2, a second end, i.e. e.g.
  • An electrical connection 10a of the second diode 10 is provided for the electrically conductive connection to the output 2c of the power semiconductor switch 2.
  • first 8 and the second 9 ohmic resistor which form a voltage divider, is the connection to the control input 2a of the power semiconductor switch 2, e.g. by means of an electrical connection or a terminal provided. It is conceivable, instead of the first 8 and / or second 9 ohmic resistance, e.g. to use a parallel connection of ohmic resistors or a series circuit of ohmic resistors.
  • the Zener diode 7 which is permeable upon reaching or reaching their breakdown voltage, with the first ohmic resistor 8 in series between the input 2b and the control input 2a, in this first order described above (FIG. 2).
  • the zener diode 7 is initially electrically connected to the input 2b and subsequently the first ohmic resistor 8 is arranged in series with the control input 2a, that is, between the zener diode 7 and the control input 2a, and electrically connected thereto.
  • the Zener diode 7 is arranged in particular in the reverse direction.
  • reverse direction means that no current flow (technical current direction) in the direction from input 2b to control input 2a until reaching the breakdown voltage of the zener diode 7 is possible or
  • the series circuit of the second ohmic resistor 9 and the diode 10 is further switched according to the invention, in this second order described above (FIG. 2).
  • the second ohmic resistor 9 is initially electrically connected thereto and subsequently the diode 10 is arranged in series, ie between the second ohmic resistor 9 and the second
  • the diode 10 is arranged in particular in the forward direction.
  • the forward direction means that a current flow (technical current direction) in the direction from the control input 2a to the output 2c is possible, but not the opposite.
  • Input 2b and the output 2c of the power semiconductor switch 2 of the circuit breaker assembly 1 continue to provide the known arrangement of the freewheeling diode 6.
  • each half bridge 4a, 4b, 4c of the (drive) inverter eg a circuit breaker assembly 1 according to the invention can be arranged to all winding strands of the motor 5, for example, three winding strands 5a, 5b, 5c as shown three-phase motor 5, in particular in case of failure to be able to short circuit.
  • a circuit breaker arrangement 1 for example, each electrically connected via input 2b of the associated power semiconductor switch 2 with a winding strand 5a or 5b or 5c of the motor 5 and, for example, also with the output 2c of the further power semiconductor switch 2 of the respective half-bridge 4a and 4b and 4c, respectively.
  • the output 2c of the respective power semiconductor switch 2 of the circuit breaker assembly 1 is connected, for example, in a conventional manner with a terminal or a potential of the intermediate circuit, the control input 2a in a known manner, for example with the control electronics.
  • Further arrangements of circuit breaker arrangements 1 in an inverter are also conceivable, for example as a substitute for all power semiconductor switches 2.
  • the protective circuit 3 can be arranged, for example, subsequently to one or more already present in the inverter power semiconductor switches 2 for forming circuit breaker assemblies 1 according to the invention, for example as Add -one solution.
  • the protection circuit 3 may e.g. directly into a power semiconductor switch 2, e.g. an IGBT or MOSFET, which is e.g. are formed as an integrated circuit or as a component, are integrated (IC).
  • a power semiconductor switch 2 e.g. an IGBT or MOSFET, which is e.g. are formed as an integrated circuit or as a component, are integrated (IC).
  • the power semiconductor switch 2 thus sets a maximum voltage which is always below the blocking voltage of the zener diode 7.
  • the Zener diode 7 thus limits the voltage that is fed back from the three-phase motor 5 to a defined value, ie, depending on their own breakdown voltage.
  • Active components are not required for the production of the passive voltage regulation according to the invention realized in this way, active activation by means of, for example, control electronics and an additional supply voltage is not necessary.
  • the circuit breaker assembly 1 according to the invention is also also provides protection against short overvoltage pulses starting from the DC side of the converter (eg from the rectifier unit and / or the intermediate circuit), in particular starting from blocking capacitors or varistors.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ensemble interrupteur de puissance (1) pour un onduleur, en particulier un onduleur pour entraînement, l'ensemble interrupteur de puissance (1) comprenant un interrupteur de puissance à semi-conducteurs (2) ainsi qu'un circuit de protection (3) placé sur l'interrupteur de puissance à semi-conducteurs (2) et assurant une protection contre la contre-réaction de tension d'un moteur triphasé (5) pouvant être relié à l'interrupteur de puissance à semi-conducteurs, cet interrupteur de puissance à semi-conducteurs (2) comportant une entrée de commande (2a) ainsi qu'une entrée (2b) et une sortie (2c). L'invention est caractérisée en ce que le circuit de protection (3) comprend un montage en série, entre l'entrée (2b) et l'entrée de commande (2a), d'une diode Zener (7) et d'une première résistance ohmique (8), ainsi qu'un montage en série, entre l'entrée de commande (2a) et la sortie (2c), d'une seconde résistance ohmique (9) et d'une diode (10).
EP10775783A 2009-11-11 2010-10-29 Ensemble interrupteur de puissance pour un onduleur Withdrawn EP2499727A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102009046615A DE102009046615A1 (de) 2009-11-11 2009-11-11 Leistungsschalteranordnung für einen Wechselrichter
PCT/EP2010/066426 WO2011057902A2 (fr) 2009-11-11 2010-10-29 Ensemble interrupteur de puissance pour un onduleur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2499727A2 true EP2499727A2 (fr) 2012-09-19

Family

ID=43639794

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP10775783A Withdrawn EP2499727A2 (fr) 2009-11-11 2010-10-29 Ensemble interrupteur de puissance pour un onduleur

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20120223664A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP2499727A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2013511249A (fr)
CN (1) CN102687379A (fr)
DE (1) DE102009046615A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011057902A2 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN102687379A (zh) 2012-09-19
WO2011057902A2 (fr) 2011-05-19
DE102009046615A1 (de) 2011-05-19
JP2013511249A (ja) 2013-03-28
WO2011057902A3 (fr) 2012-05-03
US20120223664A1 (en) 2012-09-06

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