EP2325129A1 - Lift assembly for people and/or loads with at least one lift cabin - Google Patents

Abstract

The system (1) has a lift shaft including a shaft base (5), shaft cover (6) and a shaft opening sealed with a shaft door. A lift is provided with a drive, control system, base frame and a lift cabin that includes a cabin wall, cabin door, cabin base and cabin cover, where the lift cabin is arranged at the base frame. Light vertical extension of the system between the shaft base and shaft cover is small and/or equal to distance between a raw cover (18) of top of a development level (2) and a raw base of bottom of the development level.

Description

The invention relates to a particular rope-mechanical elevator installation for persons and / or loads for connecting a plurality of development levels in a building with an elevator shaft having a shaft floor, a shaft ceiling and a shaft opening closable with a shaft door and a lift, which with a drive, a control, a skeleton and at least one elevator car is equipped, wherein the elevator car cabin walls, a car door, a cabin floor and a car ceiling comprises and is arranged on the skeleton.

For vertical transport of people and / or loads in buildings elevator systems are known. The elevator systems consist in principle of the technical component of the elevator and the structural component of the elevator shaft. An elevator with a cable for the vertical transport of persons and / or loads between different vertically superposed planes of a building is inter alia from the document US 1,164,115 known.

In modern elevators, the basic structure, ie the supporting structure, and the actual elevator car are independent elements of the elevator device. The framework is usually designed in the form of a flat frame with a cantilever-shaped receptacle, wherein the elevator car is fixedly mounted on this receptacle and the skeleton in the vertical direction has a greater extent than the elevator car.

To accommodate the necessary for the operation of the elevator installation technology and prescribed as a shelter for service personnel, the elevator shaft extends at its ends on the raw ceiling of the top development level and under the bare floor of the lowest level of access. Therefore, in a building on the floors above and below the Development levels additional space, called over- and under-ride, be provided and / or be present in existing buildings. The underride on the one hand is necessary in order to accommodate a part of the elevator, for example, a part of the skeleton when approaching the lowest level of development, on the other serves the underpass as a shelter for service personnel, which at the shaft bottom, ie in the shaft below the elevator, could stop. For the shaft ceiling there are analogous requirements, whereby a crossing is common.

When retrofitting elevators in existing buildings, it is often not possible or only with great effort to realize a subway. The DE 202005 016 050 Ui describes an elevator in which a low altitude underpass can be realized. This is possible because the elevator car is arranged suspended on the supporting structure of the skeleton.

If, in the event of an irregular stop of the elevator, in particular between two levels of access, persons are to get out of the elevator car, there is a risk that these persons will fall through the opened shaft door into the shaft and injure themselves. To avoid this, a fixed covering, a so-called skirt, which closes the shaft opening below the elevator car, is usually provided on the underside of the elevator car. When approaching the lowest level, the apron plunges into the sufficiently dimensioned underpass.

Due to the physical constraints, an elevator installation usually has to be considered early in the planning of a building. The more difficult is the subsequent installation of an elevator system in an existing building, especially if the elevator system is not to open up all floors of a building.

The invention has for its object to perform an elevator system such that it can be retrofitted flexibly in an existing building or individually planable in a newly built building, wherein when unlocking the shaft door of the shaft opening an improved protection for the service personnel is offered.

This object is achieved with a device according to the features of claim 1. The further embodiment of the invention can be found in the dependent claims.

According to the invention, therefore, an elevator installation is provided, in which the clear vertical extent of the elevator installation between the shaft floor and the shaft ceiling is lower and / or equal to the distance between a raw ceiling of the uppermost development level and a subfloor of the lowest development level. This makes it possible to flexibly erect the elevator system in an existing building or to start with the planning of the elevator system in a new building at a much later date, in particular after completion of the shell.

It is advantageous that the elevator car can be entered from three sides through shaft openings. This makes it possible to operate the elevator system in buildings with irregular floor plans or complicated geometries.

So that the elevator car does not oscillate in the elevator shaft or even unintentionally touches the walls of the elevator shaft, the elevator car is guided by means of vertical rails arranged in the elevator shaft. The skeleton is connected via a cable to the drive, wherein the cable rests against a deflection roller. In rope-mechanical elevators, the skeleton is attached to a first end of the cable and attached to the other end of the cable a counterweight. The pulley is an element of the drive. It is favorable that the drive is arranged on the rails laterally of a movement space of the elevator car. This makes it possible that the drive does not protrude into the movement space of the elevator car.

It is favorable that at a stop of the elevator car in the uppermost access level, the cabin ceiling level at or above the drive is positioned. This makes it possible that the shaft ceiling is located lower or level with the raw ceiling of the uppermost development level.

A further advantage is that the cable is connected in the vicinity of the cabin floor with the skeleton, wherein the environment from the cabin floor, starting from the first third of the vertical extent of the elevator car includes. This makes it possible for the drive to be positionable in the elevator shaft in such a way that when the elevator car stops in the topmost development plane, the car ceiling is positioned above or in the area of the drive.

It is favorable that the framework has a cantilever arm in the region of the cabin ceiling, to which a pull rod is fastened with a first end, wherein a support is provided at a second end of the drawbar. This makes it possible that the loads of the cabin floor and / or the elevator car are removed via the support. Since the skeleton also has a support, the cabin floor is mounted on at least two sides. This makes it possible that the cabin floor has a low height.

An electrical or manual opening of the car door and the landing door is usually possible when the car floor is in the range of about 150 mm above or below the floor level. This makes it possible, during a leveling between cabin floor and access level, to begin the opening process of the car door and shaft door and thus shorten the residence time of the elevator car in a development level. It is favorable that by means of an additional door lock it is possible to open the car door and the landing door exclusively during an upward movement, a movement of the elevator car in the direction of the shaft ceiling. This makes it possible that the apron does not have to be constantly positioned parallel to the shaft door.

It is also advantageous that at least one apron is movably, in particular pivotally, foldably and / or hingedly, arranged on the cabin floor. This makes it possible that the apron is released in a fault of the elevator device from a holding device and due to the gravity of the apron or by means of an example electric drive to a position which substantially is parallel to the car door, is moved. By the movable apron, as opposed to a rigid apron, can be largely dispensed with an underpass below the lowest level of access. This reduces the construction costs for the installation or retrofitting of a lift.

An emergency release of the trapped passengers can only be done by trained personnel. This ensures that the apron is positioned parallel to the shaft door before opening the cabin door. This makes it possible to avoid a crash of the passengers to be recovered in the elevator shaft. As a further safety measure, the control is switched off with the triggering of the apron.

It is favorable that the apron is at least indirectly applied to this parallel to the cabin floor at this. This makes it possible that for the apron, which is locked in normal operation with the holding device in a horizontal orientation to the cabin floor and so always rests in a horizontal orientation closely to the cabin floor, no large space below the lowermost He closing level is needed.

It is favorable that the apron is in one or more parts. This makes it possible to cover even in lifts with a small footprint in the emergency exemption a large vertical shaft opening.

In cooperation with the additional door lock, which opens the cabin and landing door only when the level difference between the cabin floor and the floor is less than 25 mm, it is advantageous that a protective strip is fixedly arranged on the cabin floor. This makes it possible to prevent a person waiting for the elevator from moving their feet through the shaft door opening during the leveling and then clamping them between the elevator car and the floor slab.

It is favorable that the protective strip and the skirt extend over the entire width of the Schachtöff voltage and are made of a solid material. This training on the one hand ensures that the apron is a resulting opening of the shaft in the entire width of the shaft from covers. By performing in a solid material, a yielding of the protective strip and / or the skirt is avoided in the application.

It is favorable that the protective strip has an angled region, which is oriented to a side of the protective strip facing away from the shaft opening. This makes it possible to reduce the risk of crushing the feet.

It is particularly advantageous that the skirt can be guided by means of a rail positioned in particular laterally of the skirt. This makes it possible to carry out a one-piece or multi-part apron in such a way that it requires no separate release, but is always in a position of use. It is possible to move the skirt at the approach of the elevator to the shaft bottom from a substantially vertical position in a space-saving, in particular horizontal position by means of the rail. When the elevator car moves up again, the apron moves back to the deployed position.

In this case, it is favorable that the protective strip is arranged on a side facing the shaft opening between the skirt and the shaft opening. Here, it is possible to arrange the protective strip as close as possible to the shaft opening, thereby improving the effectiveness of the protective strip, which reduces the crushing of the feet becomes.

To protect the passengers, it is also advantageous to provide devices for hazard prevention. It is particularly favorable that the car door has an additional security. This makes it possible that the car door is not open from the interior of the elevator car at a stop of the elevator car between the floors. Trapped persons can not open the door independently, which prevents the danger of falling.

In order to avoid the injury of service personnel in the elevator shaft during maintenance work, it is favorable that Aufsetzelemente are provided on the cabin ceiling and in the region of the shaft bottom. This makes it possible that the elevator car not to the shaft ceiling and / or to the shaft Manhole bottom can be moved when the landing elements have been brought into working position. It is particularly favorable that the attachment elements can be folded out as supports from a wall of the elevator shaft. This makes it possible to store these in normal operation of the elevator outside of the elevator shaft final shaft floor, whereby the required volume of space between the shaft bottom and the elevator car may be less than usual.

It is advantageous that the control of the operation of the elevator system in a regular driving operation, an inspection trip and an emergency operation is possible. This makes it possible to operate the elevator system in different operating conditions.

To protect the service personnel, it is also advantageous to provide devices for hazard prevention. It is particularly favorable that the shaft bottom can only be entered through the lower shaft opening. It is also favorable that an emergency release of the shaft door of the lower shaft opening is monitored by sensors. This makes it possible that the control of the elevator is switched off when entering the shaft floor for the regular driving operation.

It is particularly favorable that during a downward movement, a movement of the elevator car in the direction of the shaft bottom, during the emergency unlocking of the shaft door of the lower shaft opening, the downward travel is interrupted by a safety gear of the elevator. This makes it possible, during maintenance work on the floor of the hoistway to preclude a downward movement of the elevator in any case.

The control of the lift can be switched off during maintenance work by means of an emergency stop button. It is particularly favorable that in the emergency unlocking of the shaft door of the lower shaft opening the service personnel can be reminded by means of a visual and / or acoustic signaling to the erection and / or unfolding of the attachment elements. In this case, Aufsetzelemente can be used, in which the control can be switched off by the erection and / or unfolding of the Aufsetzelemente for the Regelfahrbetrieb.

In order to avoid injuries to the service personnel traveling on the cabin ceiling for maintenance work, the control of the drive can be influenced by safety devices. It is particularly favorable that the cabin ceiling is accessible only by sensory monitored shaft openings. This makes it possible, when opening one of the shaft openings occlusive shaft doors to change the control to the operating state "inspection trip, where is locked by the operation of the elevator by indoor and outdoor commands.

It is favorable that by means of an emergency stop button the control for the regular driving operation can be switched off. This makes it possible to prevent an unwanted ride of the elevator during maintenance.

It is also favorable that with the erection and / or unfolding of the Aufsetzelemente on the cabin ceiling, the inspection trip is possible. Here by it is possible that for the person on the elevator car always a sufficient shelter is available Basically, the route of an inspection trip by means of a safety circuit about 2000 mm before the theoretical contact of the elevator car with the shaft ceiling finished, with a failure of the control of the inspection trip by means of a second safety switch the inspection trip is switched off. Furthermore, it is possible through these technical protection devices to realize the shaft ceiling in a level with the raw ceiling of the upper development level. This is particularly advantageous for retrofitting, for example in listed buildings, advantageous since a space above the upper development level is not needed.

It is particularly favorable that a person entering the cabin ceiling by means of a visual and / or acoustic signaling to the erection and / or unfolding of the Aufsetzelemente is remembered. Whether during maintenance work on the shaft floor or during inspection trips on the cabin ceiling, it is advantageous that after resetting all safety switches and closing the shaft doors, the control for the regular driving operation is switched off. As a result, an unwanted resumption of regular driving by the service personnel or by third parties can be avoided.

Moreover, it is advantageous that after actuation of a switch in a control cabinet of the elevator system, the control is reset to normal control operation. This makes it possible that the service personnel can initiate the normal operation of the elevator until all safety measures have been lifted.

Fig. 1

einen Schnitt durch ein Gebäude mit einer Aufzuganlage;

Fig. 2

eine geschnittene und vergrößerte Darstellung eines Abschnitts der in Figur 1 gezeigten Aufzuganlage in der obersten Erschließungsebene;

Fig. 3

eine geschnittene und vergrößerte Darstellung eines Abschnitts der in Figur 1 gezeigten Aufzuganlage in einer beliebigen Erschließungsebene;

Fig. 4

eine geschnittene und vergrößerte Darstellung eines Abschnitts der in Figur 1 gezeigten Aufzuganlage in der untersten Erschließungsebene;

Fig. 5

eine geschnittene und vergrößerte Darstellung eines in Figur 4 gezeigten Aufsetzelements in Ruhestellung;

Fig. 6

eine geschnittene und vergrößerte Darstellung eines in Figur 4 gezeigten Aufsetzelements in Funktionsstellung.

The invention allows for various embodiments. To further clarify its basic principle, one of them is shown in the drawing and will be described below. This shows in

Fig. 1

a section through a building with an elevator system;

Fig. 2

a sectional and enlarged view of a portion of in FIG. 1 shown elevator installation in the highest development level;

Fig. 3

a sectional and enlarged view of a portion of in FIG. 1 shown elevator installation in an arbitrary development level;

Fig. 4

a sectional and enlarged view of a portion of in FIG. 1 shown elevator installation in the lowest development level;

Fig. 5

a sectional and enlarged view of an in FIG. 4 shown Aufsetzelements in the rest position;

Fig. 6

a sectional and enlarged view of an in FIG. 4 shown Aufsetzelements in functional position.

FIG. 1 shows a section through a building 3 with an elevator system 1. The elevator system 1 consists of an elevator shaft 4 and an elevator 9. The elements of the elevator 9 are an elevator car 13 which is fixed to a skeleton 12, wherein the skeleton 12 via a cable 21 is connected to a drive 10. For operation of the elevator installation 1, the elevator 9 is furthermore equipped with a controller 11, by means of which an upwards travel 28 and an upwards movement 28 are provided Downward travel 27 of the elevator car 13 in different operating states is possible. The skeleton 12 of the elevator 9 is guided on a running rail 20 on which the drive is positioned. The elevator installation 1 is installed in a building 3. The elevator installation 1 extends only over three development levels 2 of the five floors of the building 3. The vertical extent of the elevator installation 1 is limited by the shaft floor 5 and the shaft ceiling 6. This vertical extent between the shaft floor 5 and the shaft ceiling 6 is lower and / or equal to the distance between a raw ceiling 18 of the uppermost enclosure level and a subfloor 19 of the lowest development level 2. Such an elevator installation 1 can be flexibly erected in an existing building 3, since only the ceilings and floors between the uppermost access level 2 and the lowest level of extension 2 must be broken. The floors above and below the development levels 2 remain unaffected by the elevator system 1. The raw ceiling 18 of the uppermost access level 2 and the unfinished floor 19 of the lowest level of access 2 need not be broken for the installation and operation of the elevator installation 1. The development levels 2 are connected to the elevator shaft 4 through shaft openings 8, which can be closed by means of shaft doors 7.

The Figures 2 . 3 and 4 show a sectioned and enlarged view of the in FIG. 1 In this case, a cabin floor 16 of the elevator car 13 in the same level as the top of a floor structure 32 in the development level 2. The floor structure 32 includes all structures that are applied to the unprocessed floor 19, such as underfloor heating, screed, hollow floors with piping and Flooring. The space termination of the elevator car 13 is achieved by means of at least one cabin wall 14, the cabin floor 16 and the car ceiling 17. The cabin floor is made of wood or a composite material, in particular Alucobond plate, and has a material thickness of about 20 mm. From the development level 2, the elevator car is accessible through the shaft opening 8. The elevator car 13 is held by at least one support 26, which is connected via a pull rod 25 with a cantilever 24 of the skeleton 12. The skeleton 12 is connected via a cable 21 to the drive 10 and is in the elevator shaft 4 by means of a Run rail 20. The drive 10 is positioned on the running rail 20, but under the raw ceiling 18 of the development level 2. The cable 21 is attached to the skeleton 12 in an environment of the cabin floor 16. The environment comprises starting from the cabin floor 16, the first Drfttel the vertical extent of the elevator car 13. In a disruption of the elevator device 1, the elevator car 13 could be fixed between two levels of access. If persons trapped in the elevator car 13 are released, there is a risk that they will slide through the shaft opening 8 below the elevator car 13 when the shaft door 7 is open and fall into the elevator shaft 4. In order to prevent such a crash, it is possible to release an apron 29 arranged movably on the cabin floor 16 from a holding device and to move it into a position which is substantially parallel to the car door 15. The car door 15 and the landing door 7 are usually opened only when the level difference between the car floor 16 and the upper edge of the floor structure 32 of the development level 2 is less than 25 mm. In order to prevent a person waiting for the elevator 9 from moving their feet through the landing door 7 opening during the leveling and then clamping the foot between the elevator car 13 and the floor structure 32, a fixed protective strip 30 is arranged on the car floor 16 ,

FIG. 2 shows a sectioned and enlarged view of a section because FIG. 1 shown elevator installation 1 with an elevator shaft 4 and a lift 9, wherein the elevator car 13 is positioned below the shaft ceiling 6 in the uppermost access level 2. FIG. 2 further shows that the shaft opening 8 can be closed by means of the shaft door 7 which is moved in a door guide 35. In the area of the landing door 7, a car door 15 with a car door drive 36 is arranged in the elevator car 13.

FIG. 3 shows a sectional and enlarged view of a portion of in FIG. 1 shown elevator installation 1, wherein the elevator car 13 is positioned in the elevator shaft 4 in the area of an arbitrary development level 2. The FIG. 2 shows a rope-mechanical elevator 9. The rope-mechanical elevator 9, the cable 21, the gene at one end on the skeleton 12, the elevator car 13 and at the other end a Ge gene weight 33, via a traction sheave Drive 10 out. The cable 21 is not attached to the traction sheave, but is held and moved by the friction. The protective strip 30 has an angled region 31 oriented toward a side of the protective strip 30 facing away from the shaft opening 8, which makes it possible to reduce the crushing risk for the feet. An attachment of the skeleton 12 on the in the FIGS. 1 and 4 shown shaft bottom 5 is attenuated by a buffer 34.

Figur4 shows a sectional and enlarged view of a portion of in FIG. 1 shown elevator installation 1, wherein the elevator car 13 is positioned in the hoistway 4 in the region of the lowest level of development 2. By the movable apron 29 can be dispensed with, as opposed to a rigid apron, a lower ride. The subfloor 18 of the lowest development level 2 need not be broken and the floor below the lowest level of development 2 remains unaffected. The in FIG. 4 shown Rohboden 18 has only one recess. In order to avoid the injury of service personnel in the hoistway 4 during maintenance, Aufsetzelemente 22 are provided in the region of the shaft bottom 5. The elevator car 13 can not be moved to the shaft bottom 5 when using the attachment elements 22.

The FIGS. 5 and 6 show a cut and enlarged view of an in FIG. 4 The Aufsetzelement 22 arranged in the region of the shaft bottom 5 is as a kind of support from a wall of the elevator shaft 4 from folding. In normal operation of the elevator 9, the attachment element 22 bears against the wall of the elevator shaft 4. If the attachment element 22 is brought into the functional position, the elevator car 13 can not be moved to the shaft bottom 5.

Claims (10)

Elevator installation for persons and / or loads for connecting a plurality of development levels in a building with a lift roof having a shaft floor, a shaft ceiling and a shaft opening closable with a shaft door and an elevator, which with a drive, a controller, a backbone and at least one elevator car is equipped, wherein the elevator car cabin walls, a car door, a car floor and a car ceiling and is arranged on the skeleton, characterized in that during a ride (27) or a movement of the elevator car during unlocking the shaft door (7) of the shaft opening (8) the ride (27) is interrupted by a safety gear of the elevator (9). Elevator installation according to claim 1, characterized in that in an emergency unlocking a landing door (7) the service personnel by means of an optical and or acoustic signaling to the erection and / or unfolding of the Aufsetzelements (22) is recalls. Elevator installation according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the controller (11) can be switched off by the raising and / or unfolding of the attachment element (22) for the regular driving operation. Elevator installation according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cabin ceiling (17) is accessible only through sensor-controlled shaft openings (8). Elevator installation according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that by means of an emergency stop button, the controller (11) can be switched off for the regular driving operation. Elevator installation according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that with the erection and / or unfolding of the Aufsetzelements (22) on the cabin ceiling (17) the inspection journey is possible. Elevator installation according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the event of a failure of the control (11) of the inspection run by means of a second safety switch, the inspection run can be switched off. Elevator installation according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a person upon entering the cabin ceiling (17) by means of a visual and / or acoustic signaling to the erection and / or unfolding of the Aufsetzelements (22) is recalls. Elevator installation according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that after resetting all safety switches and closing the shaft doors (7), the control (11) for the regular driving operation is switched off. Elevator installation according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that after actuation of a switch in a control cabinet of the elevator (9), the controller (11) is reset to closed-loop control operation.

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