EP2166168A1 - Single stem block girder - Google Patents

Abstract

The block bar (4) is made of a trunk (1), and is leveled at two opposite sides. The trunk has abnormal growth of wood. The block bar has a size of 25 centimeter, particularly 30 centimeter or 35 centimeter. The block bar is provided in a square or rectangular cross section. An independent claim is included for a method for manufacturing a block bar.

Description

The present invention relates to logs for the construction of wooden structures or of wood formed from several horizontally stacked wooden beams. The block beams are particularly suitable for the construction of houses, especially houses in half-timbered construction and other buildings.

Block beams for the construction of wooden structures or of wood walls formed from a plurality of horizontally stacked block beams are known from the prior art. For this purpose, logs are usually first deburred, debarked and then cut by halving (half-section) or quarters (quarter section) of the logs in the longitudinal direction to wooden beams. The advantage of this division of the trunks is that the more parts of the trunk cross-section is split, the more cracks occur because smaller sections build lower internal stresses.

The freshly cut wood (as a standardized product according to DIN 68252) initially has no building inspectorate approval for use as lumber (as Bauschnittholz) for supporting or stiffening purposes. It must first on a wood moisture of max. 20% dried and then sorted according to the load bearing capacity according to the criteria specified in DIN 4074. Some of these sorting criteria are z. B. the location and size of branches, the type, location and depth of cracks, as well as the inclination (the wood fibers should be as parallel as possible to the longitudinal axis of the wood cross section). Only wood meeting the sorting criteria may be used for structural or structural purposes.

However, the cutting technique in half section and quarter section results in the need to use as perfect as possible wood. Wood defects can in many ways have a very adverse effect on the quality of the beams, squared timbers, planks, boards or the like obtained after sawing.

This applies, for example, for rotation. This is an internal twist of the trunk. Most woods are always slightly rotatable to a certain extent, as a wood fault is only abnormally strong rotation. The error manifests itself in throwing flat wood and rotating beams, because the internal stresses in the wood dissolve when dry. These can develop enormous forces and even blast cleanly executed wood joints. For example, the larch is typically very hard-twisting, so that despite all its other advantages, it is still poorly suited as construction wood, as it does not stop working even in old age. In addition, there is the fact that in the larch of the rotation often runs eccentric, which hitherto further complicates the use of construction wood.

Another growth anomaly is called wimmer growth or wimmer. These are wood with not exactly running annual rings in the longitudinal direction without any other damage. Severe deworming becomes a problem for the woodworking industry, as the wood is less dimensionally stable and tends to crack. Especially in older firs occurs Wimmer more often and here leads to impairment due to poor usability. They give a restless grain pattern, and lead to poor planable wood. In addition, wimmerwüchsiges wood from a certain wood strength practically no longer dry.

Black seed or generally nuclear rot is an infestation of parasitic fungi that can erode a tree by decomposing and thus hollowing out its core. Wood of such trees can not be used for construction work as a rule, since when cutting beams from such trunks, the cut may run into the decomposed core and the resulting beam is thus unusable.

Trees that have wood diseases or growth anomalies can not yet be used for the production of structural wood. Due to the cutting techniques described above, the wood used so far for building purposes must be as flawless as possible in order to obtain high-quality products that can be used, for example, in log cabin construction. The problem here, however, is the high price of such woods. If these trees are slow-growing species or hardwood, the wood is also not suitable for the production of paper and, in principle, can only be used as firewood.

The object of the present invention is to find a cheaper alternative to the hitherto used for construction high-priced wood, but on the other hand should meet the mechanical and physical requirements for the construction of timber structures or houses in block design.

Surprisingly, it has been found that a block beam made of a tree trunk having wood diseases or growth anomalies and flattened on at least two opposite sides is used for the construction of wooden structures or wood walls formed of a plurality of horizontally stacked timber beams, particularly houses and others Buildings can be used if it is manufactured in one piece.

The present invention is based on the recognition that most of the disadvantages of wood diseases and growth anomalies only come into play when the wood is sawed in the hitherto customary manner, i. in beams with half or quarter section. However, if the wood is largely preserved in its original form during further processing, i. Only the fewest possible wood fibers or rings are severed, so the mechanical stresses in the finished block beam largely correspond to those of the original tree. This is achieved by the one-piece block beams according to the invention. During the drying process, the stresses in the one-piece block beams according to the invention largely cancel each other out and the block beam remains straight. If such a tree trunk had been divided by a quarter section, the resulting beam would be very distorted due to the asymmetric destruction of the natural wood structure during drying.

A first object of the present invention is therefore a block beam for the construction of wooden structures, of wood formed from several horizontal stacked timber beams, in particular of houses and other buildings or for timber-framed construction of the block beam einstielig made of a tree trunk and at least two opposite sides flattened in the longitudinal direction and which is characterized in that the block beam is made of a tree trunk having wood diseases and / or growth anomalies. This means that the areas of the tree trunk where the wood diseases and / or growth anomalies are located are part of the blockbeam. So you will not be removed by trimming the tribe.

Flattened in the longitudinal direction means along the original growth direction of the tree from which the block beam is made. This flattening in the longitudinal direction can be carried out in different ways.

After a first possibility, the block beams according to the invention are characterized in that they have at least two largely parallel surfaces in the longitudinal direction, ie along the original direction of growth. To form a wooden wall in the simplest case, the block beams, after cutting to the desired length, stacked on the parallel surfaces and then fixed.

As an alternative to this, the one-piece block beams according to the invention can also have two opposite cut surfaces which converge slightly along the original direction of growth. The resulting cross-sectional areas of the block beam ends are different in size in this case. To form a wooden wall, the block beams can also be stacked and fixed here after cutting to the desired length, in each case on the parallel surfaces. The block bars are alternately superimposed with the smaller and larger block bar ends.

Wood from trees with growth anomalies is characterized by the fact that it often remains in growth and therefore has a finer ring structure in relation to the annual rings and forms latewood. Therefore, this wood is usually harder than the wood of healthy grown trees of the same kind.

For the purposes of the present invention, the term one-piece construction is understood to mean a block beam in which the full cross-section of the tree trunk is used as far as possible. The trunk is thus not split along the longitudinal axis, as is the case with a half-section or a quarter-section. The core of the tribe, also referred to as the heart, is therefore largely located in the middle of the preserved one-piece log. However, it may also happen in individual cases that due to special growth anomalies, such as in particular eccentric growth, the heart is not in the middle of the block beam.

The one-piece block beam according to the invention has the advantage that the wood with the finest annual rings lies on the outer sides of the block beam, which is particularly hard and resistant. Possible weakenings of the block beam due to internal defects, such as nuclear rot, therefore have only a secondary effect on the overall stability of the block beam, in particular if it has a large thickness, for example of 25 cm or more.

For the purposes of the present invention, wood diseases and / or growth anomalies are, for example, curvature, woodiness, twisting, fiber deviation (growth), growth of wax, twigs (fork growth), double core, eccentric growth, tension, reaction wood (pressure wood), stinginess and bumps, wound overgrowth, measles tubers and Growth of males, adhesion, cracking, ring or core peeling, ring gap, nuclear brittleness and nuclear rot, especially black nucleus, wet core, lunar ring, resinous galls, cancerousness, bark firing, cortical necrosis (colouration), feeding ducts, for example termite infestation, mistletoe attack, lightning damage, freeze strip, waxed Metal, splinter infestation, felling and reverse damage, biting, peeling and felling damage.

Particularly preferred are tree trunks having dimpling, wild shoots, root canes, ring or core peels, tenderness and dents, wound overgrowth, measles tubers and maser growth, intergrowth, nuclear brittleness, and nuclear rot, especially black core, wet core, lunar ring, resinous gall, crab. These are particularly preferred because these growth anomalies or wood diseases affect the mechanical strength of logs only to a small extent when the logs are manufactured in one piece, partially even their capacity even in comparison to healthy wood increase, as in Wimmerwuchs, wild shooters, root approaches , Tenderness and bumps, as well Adhesions can occur. In addition, wood with growth anomalies or wood diseases is very inexpensive.

Thus, it has been found that, in particular, nuclear rot on the stability of the one-piece block beams according to the invention has no particularly great influence. The nuclear rot usually affects only the inner part and thus youngest part of the tree trunk. The older, more outward wood is naturally much harder and therefore more sustainable. Single-core logs made of wood with core rot are sufficient in terms of load-bearing capacity and durability to produce logs for the construction of wooden structures or log houses.

A further development of the one-piece block beams according to the invention with core rot or generally with internal damage is to mill out the inner area of the log or block beam infested or damaged by nuclear rot. The resultant in this way hollow core can then be impregnated with lime sludge or lime solution for preservation purposes and optionally additionally filled with clay, especially light clay, limestone, hemp or cellulose or other filling or insulating materials.

The likewise preferred wood of trees with wimmer growth is characterized by a particular hardness. This is probably due to the adhesions in the outer layers of wood. Since this wood is particularly hard, logs according to the invention are made of such wood particularly viable. Wimmerwüchsiges wood of firs, especially silver firs is particularly stable and therefore preferred.

The wood of branchy trees is also particularly preferred since, similar to the growth of worms, the acuteness leads to a higher wood hardness of the outer layers of the stem. Since in the block beams according to the invention, the wood structure due to the Einkunlichkeit is largely retained, it is also when drying made of this wood block beams not to a strong warping, as would inevitably be the case with half or quarter cut beam from this wood.

It is furthermore preferred if the block beam according to the invention is made of the first trunk length or of earth logs, that is to say the part of the tree trunk which adjoins the root area. The stem length is preferably up to 15 m, particularly preferably up to 12 m. The wood in this area is often harder and often has adhesions that are partly due to the rooting. Very particular preference is earthy wood of trees with an age of more than 120 years, in particular of more than 150 years, most preferably of more than 200 years.

A further development of the block beam according to the invention provides that the block beam has a thickness of at least 25 cm, preferably at least 30 cm, particularly preferably at least 35 cm. In this context, the term strength is understood as the shortest distance between two opposite side surfaces. Very good usable block beams result in a thickness of 38 cm. Block beams of these thicknesses are particularly preferred because at these thicknesses possible mechanical stresses in the wooden beam, which may be caused in particular by the growth anomalies or wood diseases, can be better distributed during drying. As a result, such logs can not easily forgiven.

However, it is also possible that the block beams according to the invention have even higher strengths. So are block beams with thicknesses of 40 cm and more, and even up to 50 cm and over it produced. For example, with lengths and widths of 40 cm x 40 cm, 40 cm x 50 cm and even 50 cm x 50 cm. These particularly solid block beams find preferred use in strong block construction or

Half-timbered building. An advantage of these block beams is that due to the high material thickness no further thermal insulation or soundproofing must be used.

The block beams according to the invention may have a square or rectangular cross-section. For rectangular block beams, a ratio width: height of about 1: √2 ≈ 1: 1.4 is particularly preferred because of its particularly high stability.

Likewise preferred are block beams according to the invention with a so-called forest edge. Such a cross section is in Fig. 4 shown. The particular advantage of this cutting technique with respect to the wood used in the present invention is that the proportion of harder outer wood of a log is greater in this block beam cross-section than, for example, a square cut. In particular, in the presence of nuclear rot or internal damage such as Termitenfraß can be in this way from a given stock thickness not only larger-sized block beams, but also produce more stable block beams due to the higher proportion of hard outer wood.

The block beams according to the invention can be surface-treated or preserved in a manner known per se. Owing to the ecologically-oriented appearance of the block beams according to the invention, harmless surface treatment methods are preferred, such as, for example, the open-cell treatment with lime, treatment with pigments or flame treatment and tannic acid treatment, in particular with tannic acid produced from oak.

According to the invention, block beams are preferred in which the heart of the tree trunk lies largely in the center of the block beam. This embodiment is particularly preferred because these logs do not expand as fast during drying forgiven. The block beams according to the invention preferably exhibit approximately a rotational symmetry with respect to the annual rings along the longitudinal axis.

According to a preferred embodiment, the wood is selected from trees having an age of at least 50, in particular at least 60, 70 or 80 years for the production of the block beams according to the invention. The wood of such trees, preferably with an age of 80 years or even more than 90 or more than 100 years, even more than 200 or even more than 500 years, is characterized on the one hand by a high hardness, especially in the outer area and In addition, it has sufficient thickness in the trunk, so that even large-sized, one-piece block beams can be manufactured with high mechanical strength, for example, with thicknesses of 35 cm and more. Moreover, trees of this age, especially trees of 70, 80 years or more, in particular of 90 or 100 years old or more, are more prone to growth anomalies and wood diseases and therefore these trees are used for the production of wood products for construction purposes, especially structural ones Construction parts, so far are often unusable.

It has been found that for the logs according to the invention, the wood slow-growing trees, especially slow-growing conifers such as firs, especially silver firs, redwoods, pines, especially Ponderosa pine or Sequoia, pines, especially Zwirbelkiefer and larch, preferably European larch, as well as deciduous trees Oak, linden and jungle woods, especially eucalyptus and meranti, is particularly suitable. The wood of such trees is characterized by a higher hardness, which makes it suitable even with nuclear rot for the production of mechanically strong, einstieliger logs. Also larch wood, which usually has too strong rotation for the production of conventional logs, can be used for the production of inventive einstieliger block beams.

A development of the present invention provides that the block beam has a reaching to the heart of the block beam, tapered, wedge-shaped longitudinal slot. This heart cut is preferably provided over the entire length of the block beam. In this way, an uncontrolled tearing of the trunk during the drying process can be prevented. The longitudinal section can still be wedge-shaped after drying, for example, to a water content <15%, and filled if necessary with a heat-insulating agent. Particularly preferably, this heart cut is provided centrally along one of the flattenings of the block beam.

It may also be provided that the block beams are provided with corresponding recesses for a Ecküberplattung for the construction of a log cabin, in particular the corners. For this purpose, in the vicinity of the respective ends of the block beam, recesses are provided in the width of the block beam to be fastened crosswise thereon. Preferably, in such Ecküberplattung a vertically aufspreizbarer longitudinal slot is sawn into the block beam, which preferably extends centrally from the end face to over the area of Ecküberplattung. In this expandable longitudinal slot, after the assembly of the crosswise Ecküberplattung with a corresponding number of block beams, a retractable wedge can be used, which presses the intersecting in the corner area block beams against each other. This ensures that the Ecküberplattung can always be kept under tension even when drying the wood. This wedge may preferably still be combined with a tension spring which penetrates vertically through the block beam in the overplate region and which is inserted transversely to the longitudinal direction of the block beam.

A preferred embodiment of the block beam according to the invention is thus characterized in that the block beam at at least one of its ends Having recesses for a Ecküberplattung and on the front side of this end has a reaching beyond the area of Ecküberplattung, spreadable longitudinal slot, in which optionally a retractable wedge can be used.

In log houses, the tightness of the entire construction can be permanently ensured in this way. In this case, preferably all block beams involved in a corner overplate should be provided with such a longitudinal section and corresponding wedge. This Ecküberplattung can optionally be provided with a cover. The use of this Ecküberplattung is particularly advantageous in the block beam according to the invention, since with this method, the einstieligen block beam according to the invention can be permanently sealed against each other when used in block making.

For the technical details of such a heart section and the Ecküberplattung is on the WO 02/070830 A1 directed.

Another object of the present invention is a method for producing the one-piece block beams according to the invention, in which a tree trunk of a tree having wood diseases or growth defects, is flattened on at least two opposite sides in the longitudinal direction. The flattened sides can run as parallel as possible in the original direction of growth or slightly converge.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the tree trunk is sawn into a block beam of square or rectangular cross-section. In a particularly preferred manner, the procedure is such that the tree trunk is sawn into a block beam in such a way that the heart of the tree trunk lies as far as possible in the center of the block beam. That way you can inventive block beam produce high mechanical stability, which forgave or bend even during the drying process only to a very small extent.

Another object of the present invention relates to a wooden wall, in particular wooden wall of a house in block construction, which is formed of a plurality of horizontally superposed block beams according to the invention. With the help of the block beams according to the invention can be stable and permanently dense walls produce and indeed at a much lower price than would be the case with the use of perfect wood.

The wooden wall according to the invention can be created in different ways. According to a first possibility, one-piece block beams according to the invention are used, which have at least two largely parallel cut surfaces in the longitudinal direction, ie along the original growth direction. These can be placed on the parallel surfaces to form a wooden wall after the sheath to the desired length and then fixed.

Alternatively, a wooden wall can be made of one-piece block beams according to the invention, which have two opposite cut surfaces, which slightly converge along the original growth direction. The block bars are stacked alternately with the smaller and larger block beam ends and then fixed.

Due to the relatively low price of raw material used in the invention wood logs can be used large thickness, which for example a floor of a log cabin can be created by stacking only 7 wooden beams of 38 cm thickness. When using block bars with a thickness of 50 cm can be a floor height of for example 2.50 m already achieve with 5 stacked block beams.

This results in a number of advantages. On the one hand reduces the workload in the creation of such a wall, since fewer steps are required due to the smaller number of bars to achieve a floor level. The next advantage of such thick logs is the better thermal insulation. The thermal insulation is already so good due to the material thickness that it is possible to dispense with further thermal insulation measures. This also improves the room climate at the same time.

Another very important advantage is that in this way a larger part of the load of a wooden house can be transferred to the outer walls. In the interior then less support beams or load-bearing walls must be provided, in the best case can be completely waived. This leads to visually appealing rooms and greater creative freedom in architectural planning. Finally, the stacking of only 7 beams to reach a floor height also means that only 6 potential joints can form and thus relatively few potential locations of leaks. When using block beams according to the invention with a thickness of 50 cm resulting in a floor height of 2.50 m even only 4 joints.

Another advantage is ultimately the energy savings in the production of these logs, as in contrast to the usual methods, which provide the use of half and quarter cuts, less saw cuts are required for the production of a block beam.

• den Bau von Holzkonstruktionen,
• den Fachwerkbau, insbesondere den starken Fachwerkbau oder
• den Bau von aus mehreren horizontal übereinander liegenden Blockbalken gebildeten Holzwänden, insbesondere von Häusern und anderen Gebäuden. Dies sind bevorzugt Holzfachwerkhäuser oder Blockhäuser.

Another object of the present invention is the use of the block beams according to the invention for

• the construction of wooden structures,
• the framework construction, in particular the strong timber construction or
• the construction of wood walls formed of several horizontally stacked wooden beams, especially of houses and other buildings. These are preferably timber frame houses or log cabins.

The block beams according to the invention can also be used for building reconstruction of old half-timbered houses and the like.

Likewise, the block beams according to the invention can be used for the production of unusual pieces of furniture, so for example for the production of one-piece tables. Also for the production of wooden stairs.

• den Bau von Holzkonstruktionen,
• den Fachwerkbau, insbesondere den starken Fachwerkbau oder
• den Bau von aus mehreren horizontal übereinander liegenden Blockbalken gebildeten Holzwänden, insbesondere von Häusern und anderen Gebäuden, geeignet sind. Dies sind bevorzugt Holzfachwerkhäuser oder Blockhäuser.

Finally, the invention relates to the use of logs that have wood diseases or growth defects, for the production of one-piece logs, which are used for

• the construction of wooden structures,
• the framework construction, in particular the strong timber construction or
• the construction of wood walls formed from a plurality of horizontally stacked log beams, in particular of houses and other buildings, are suitable. These are preferably timber frame houses or log cabins.

This use has the advantages already mentioned above, in particular the favorable raw material price of the wood used according to the invention.

Fig. 1

Schnittweise eines Baumstamms für einen einstieligen erfindungsgemäßen Blockbalken in der Aufsicht,

Fig. 2

Schnittweise eines Baumstamms für einen einstieligen erfindungsgemäßen Blockbalken mit quadratischem Querschnitt in der Aufsicht,

Fig. 3

Vergleichsbeispiel aus dem Stand der Technik mit einem Halbschnitt an einem Baumstamm in der Aufsicht,

Fig. 4

Schnittweise eines Baumstamms für einen einstieligen erfindungsgemäßen Blockbalken mit Waldkante in der Aufsicht und

Fig. 5

Schnittweise eines Baumstamms für einen einstieligen erfindungsgemäßen Blockbalken mit quadratischem Querschnitt und ausgefräster Kernfäule in der Aufsicht.

The present invention will now be illustrated schematically with reference to three figures. It shows

Fig. 1

Sectional view of a tree trunk for a one-piece block according to the invention in the plan view,

Fig. 2

Sectional view of a tree trunk for a one-piece block beam according to the invention with a square cross-section in plan view,

Fig. 3

Comparative example of the prior art with a half-section on a tree trunk in the supervision,

Fig. 4

Cutting a tree trunk for a einstieligen invention block beam with forest edge in the supervision and

Fig. 5

Sectional view of a tree trunk for a einstieligen block beam according to the invention with square cross-section and milled nuclear rot in the plan.

The Fig. 1 shows a tree trunk 1, which is flattened by means of two, nearly parallel Sägeschnitte 2 and 3 along the trunk axis (perpendicular to the paper plane) on two opposite sides. The tree trunk 1 is infested in the inner region 11 by nuclear rot. Through these saw cuts results in an inventive, einstieliger block beam 4, which has two curved and two flattened long sides.

In the Fig. 2 a preferred embodiment of the block beam 4 according to the invention is shown, in which the log 1 by two more, mutually parallel additional saw cuts 5 and 6 in the longitudinal direction of the log 1 to a block bar 7 according to the invention with square cross-section sawed. Also the tree trunk 1 in the Fig. 2 is infested in the inner region 11 by nuclear rot. In the Fig. 1 and 2 obtained block bar 4 show in relation to the annual rings along the longitudinal axis in about a rotational symmetry. As a result, these block bars 4 are very stable.

Fig. 3 shows a comparison of the prior art, an additional half-section 8, whereby the log 1 is cut into two log bars 9 and 10 rightly. This half-section means that the area 11 of the nuclear rot now lies on the surfaces of the block beams 9 and 10, making them useless. In addition, these logs 9 and 10 do not show rotational symmetry with respect to their grain / annual rings, and therefore would be strongly warped in the presence of other growth anomalies or wood diseases as a core rot on drying.

Furthermore, the shows Fig. 4 a further embodiment of a one-piece block beam 4 according to the invention with nuclear decay in the inner region 11. The block beam has four each at an angle of approximately 90 ° to each other arranged saw cuts in the longitudinal direction 2, 3, 5 and 6 and further four further saw cuts in the longitudinal direction 12, 13, 14 and 15, which are arranged opposite the saw cuts 2, 3, 5 and 6 approximately at an angle of 45 °, so that in this embodiment, an inventive block beam 4 results with forest edge, present a block bar 4 with a cross section of an irregular octagon. An advantage of this cutting technique, with respect to the wood used in the present invention, that the proportion of harder outer wood of a log 1 is greater than, for example, in a square cut as in Fig. 2 shown. Furthermore, can be made in this way from tree logs block beam with a larger cross-section than in the square section.

In particular, in the presence of nuclear rot can be in this way from a given stock thickness so not only larger-sized block beam 4, but also due to the higher proportion of hard outer wood, more stable block bar 4 produce.

The Fig. 5 Finally, shows a block beam 4 according to the invention as in Fig. 2 with a square cut, in which the core rot infested inner region 11, as in Fig. 2 shown, milled out and so a hollow core 16 results. This hollow core 16 can be impregnated with lime and then filled with clay, hemp or cellulose.

Claims (15)

Block beam for the construction of wooden structures, of wood formed from several horizontal stacked timber beams, in particular of houses and other buildings or for timber-framed buildings, the block beam is made of a tree stems einstielig and flattened on at least two opposite sides in the longitudinal direction,
characterized in that
the block beam is made from a tree trunk having wood diseases or growth anomalies. Block beam according to claim 1,
characterized in that
the tree trunk wimmer growth, wild spinels, ring or core peels, root attachments, tenderness and bumps, wound overgrowth, measles tubers and maser growth, intergrowth, nuclear brittleness and nuclear rot, especially black nucleus, wet core, lunar ring, resinous gall, crab. Block beam according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that
the block beam has a thickness of at least 25 cm, in particular at least 30 cm or 35 cm. Block beam according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the block beam has a square or rectangular cross section, in particular with a ratio width: height of about 1: √2 ≈ 1: 1.4. Block beam according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the heart of the tree trunk lies as far as possible in the middle of the log. Block beam according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the block beam is made of a tree having an age of at least 50, in particular at least 60, 70 or 80 years. Block beam according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the block beam from the wood slow-growing trees, especially slow-growing conifers such as firs, especially silver firs, redwoods, pines, especially Ponderosa pine or Sequoia, pines, especially Zwirbelkiefer or larch, especially European larch, as well as deciduous trees such as oak, linden and jungle woods, especially Eucalyptus and Meranti, is selected. Block beam according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the block beam has a tapering, wedge-shaped longitudinal slot extending to the heart of the block beam. Block beam according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized in that
the block beam has recesses for a Ecküberplattung at least one of its ends and on the front side of this end has a spreadable over the area of Ecküberplattung, expandable longitudinal slot into which a retractable wedge can be used. A method of producing a one-piece block beam according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a tree trunk of a tree having wood diseases or growth defects is flattened on at least two opposite sides in the longitudinal direction. Method according to claim 10,
characterized in that
the tree trunk is sawn to a block beam of square or rectangular cross-section. Method according to claim 10 or 11,
characterized in that
the tree trunk is sawn into a block beam so that the heart of the tree trunk lies as far as possible in the center of the block beam. Wooden wall, in particular wooden wall of a house in block construction, formed from a plurality of horizontally stacked block beams according to one of claims 1 to 9. Use of block beam according to one of claims 1 to 9 for • the construction of wooden structures, • the framework construction, in particular the strong half-timbered construction, • the construction of wooden walls, in particular of houses and other buildings, formed of several horizontally stacked logs • the building reconstruction of old half-timbered houses. Use of tree trunks showing wood diseases or growth defects for the production of one - piece logs for • the construction of wooden structures, • the framework construction, in particular the strong half-timbered construction, • the construction of wooden walls, in particular of houses and other buildings, formed of several horizontally stacked logs • the building reconstruction of old half-timbered houses are suitable.

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