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EP2141715B1 - Interrupteur de sécurité - Google Patents

Interrupteur de sécurité Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2141715B1
EP2141715B1 EP20080011840 EP08011840A EP2141715B1 EP 2141715 B1 EP2141715 B1 EP 2141715B1 EP 20080011840 EP20080011840 EP 20080011840 EP 08011840 A EP08011840 A EP 08011840A EP 2141715 B1 EP2141715 B1 EP 2141715B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slider
switch
push button
box
spring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20080011840
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2141715A1 (fr
Inventor
Bernardo Pizzato
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pizzato Elettrica SRL
Original Assignee
Pizzato Elettrica SRL
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Pizzato Elettrica SRL filed Critical Pizzato Elettrica SRL
Publication of EP2141715A1 publication Critical patent/EP2141715A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2141715B1 publication Critical patent/EP2141715B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/022—Emergency operating parts, e.g. for stop-switch in dangerous conditions

Definitions

  • the present invention generally finds application in the art of electric safety equipment and particularly relates to a push button safety switch adapted to be mounted in machines or systems to cut off the power supply thereto, particularly in case of emergency.
  • Push button safety switches are known to be mounted to electric machines or systems to ensure safe operation thereof, by cutting off power supply in case of danger or whenever their operation needs to be stopped.
  • safety switches include a manually operable push button which is coupled to a switching unit adapted to selectively open and close the power circuit, thereby switching the electric load.
  • the switches are required to keep the switching circuit open whenever the control push button is unable to properly transmit the contact opening control due to the switching unit being disengaged or improperly engaged therewith. Furthermore, a danger warning is required to be transmitted whenever the switching unit is not correctly operating.
  • Certain safety switch solutions such as those disclosed in WO2006/094928 and EP1801830 include an additional electrically conductive element connected to the push button to allow the power circuit to only open if the switching unit is correctly coupled to the push button.
  • JP2003308756 and JP2003272468 provide a mechanical coupling device interposed between the switching unit and the push button, so that the circuit can only close if the coupling device is properly coupled to the push button by a lock lever.
  • certain applications provide indication of proper coupling between the push button and the switching unit by intermediate abutment members, such as movable tabs that actuate elastic contacts, without checking the position of the slider of the switching unit.
  • EP1801827 discloses a prior art safety switch of the type described above, in which the switching contacts are coupled to a common bridge integral with a slider which is adapted to be driven by the control push button.
  • the power circuit is closed by a spring-biased snap mechanism and is held in the closed position by spring action.
  • the object of this invention is to overcome the above drawbacks, by providing a safety switch that achieves high efficiency and relative cost effectiveness.
  • a particular object is to provide a safety switch that ensures safety in case of improper coupling of its parts, using a considerably simplified construction, even in case of welded contacts.
  • a further object is to provide a safety switch that allows simple and inexpensive fabrication and assembly.
  • Yet another object is to provide a safety switch that ensures high reliability and has a relatively low risk of rupture and jamming of its parts.
  • Another important object of the invention is to provide a safety switch in which proper assembly is checked by direct checking of the slider of the switching unit.
  • positive opening of the power circuit is intended to indicate an opening caused by a motion of the switching contacts caused by driving means that do not include elastic elements, as defined in the standard IEC-947-5-1.
  • the switch of the invention allows safe opening of the circuit, in case of disengagement or improper engagement of the box-like body containing the contacts with respect to the push button, using a considerably simplified construction.
  • the rigidity of the driving means allows reliable and constant operation of the switch with time, and also ensures positive opening of the contacts after a preset travel of the push button, which is also constant with time and not susceptible to changes caused by elastic elements.
  • the safety switch of the invention may be mounted to machines or industrial electric systems and be used, for instance, as a safety or emergency switch for cutting off the power supply to the machine or system by switching an electric load.
  • a safety switch of the invention comprises a box-like body 2 having a longitudinal axis L and housing therein at least one pair of stationary contacts 3, 4 to be connected to the terminals of a power circuit of the machine or system, not shown.
  • a first slider 5 is slideably housed in the box-like body 2 and is movable parallel to the longitudinal axis L between lower A and upper B end positions, corresponding to open and closed circuit positions respectively.
  • the first slider 5 has at least one pair of movable contacts 6, 7 operably connected thereto, to translate relative to the stationary contacts 3, 4 between the end positions A, B and cause the electric load to be switched by opening and closing the circuit respectively.
  • the switch 1 further has a control push button 8 normally coupled to the box-like body 2 and operably associated to the first slider 5 to cause the latter to slide within the box-like body 2 between the end positions A, B.
  • the push button 8 may be, for instance, an emergency mushroom or a machine stop button and may have, as shown in the figures, a stationary portion 9, designed to be fastened to the frame T of a machine or system to be served and to be coupled to the box-like body 2, and a movable portion 10 with a pushing member 11 axially sliding in response to pressure exerted by a user.
  • the push button 8 and the box-like body 2 may be coupled together by means of a pair of side tabs 12, 12' integral with the stationary portion 9 of the push button 8, which are designed for engagement with respective specially shaped side extensions 13, 13' of the box-like body 2.
  • coupling elements 12, 12'; 13, 13' may be provided, and the push button 8 may also be configured to be different from the one as shown herein, without departure from the scope of the present invention.
  • positive driving means 14 may be interposed between the push button 8 and the first slider 5 to cause interaction between the movable contacts 6, 7 and the stationary contacts 3, 4 and, as a result, positive opening of the circuit both as the push button 8 is pressed, when it is normally coupled to the box-like body 2 and as the box-like body 2 accidentally disengages from the push-button 8 or when the box-like body 2 is not properly coupled thereto.
  • the positive driving means 14 may be free of any elastic elements and snap mechanisms, to allow progressive separation of the movable switching contacts 6, 7 from the stationary contacts 3, 4 as the push button 8 is being pressed.
  • the motion transmission means 14 may include a second slider 15, at least partially held within the box-like body 2 and free to axially slide within the box-like body 2.
  • the second slider 15 may be operably connected to the pushing member 11 of the push button 8 to transfer the pressing motion of the latter to the first slider 5, thereby causing translation of the movable contacts 6, 7 to open/close the circuit.
  • the two sliders 5, 15 may be arranged to be substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis L, with the second slider 15 having a first outer end portion 17 facing towards the pushing member 11 and interacting therewith to rigidly transfer the motion of the push button 8 to the first slider 5.
  • the second slider 15 may have a hollow central portion 18 for receiving the first slider 5, which will be able to axially slide therein.
  • the first slider 5 may have a T-shape and be operably connected to the movable contacts 6, 7 by a contact bridge 20 which may be either separated from such first slider 5 or integrated with the latter at one end thereof.
  • the single bridge 20 may be replaced by two separate bridges, in parallel arrangement or connected together, and having each at least one pair of movable contacts 6, 7.
  • the driving means 14 may include an articulated linkage 21 with a pair of levers 22, 23, each having a pair of arms 24, 24'; 25, 25' designed for interaction with the first 5 and the second sliders 15 respectively to force the movable contacts 6, 7 into an open position C intermediate between the two end positions A, B in a state of disengagement or improper coupling of the box-like body 2.
  • the levers 22, 23 may be arranged symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis L and may be articulated at a central portion about respective axes of rotation X, Y substantially transverse and perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L.
  • the second slider 15 may have a substantially transverse wall 26 in its hollow central portion 18, with a substantially flat inner surface 27, adapted to interact with the first slider 5 to drive it in its longitudinal motion after a first longitudinal translation t 1 of the second slider 15 in the direction of introduction thereof in the box-like body 2 with a predetermined maximum travel.
  • the transverse wall 26 may also have an appropriately shaped outer surface 28 with an outwardly directed convexity, which is designed to interact with respective arms 24', 25' of the levers 22, 23, after a second longitudinal translation t 2 in the direction opposite the first translation t 1 with a predetermined travel, upon even partial disengagement of the box-like body 2.
  • the second slider 15 will drive the levers 22, 24 to pivot about their respective transverse axes X, Y, with a predetermined angle a, which is sufficient to allow interaction of the arms 24, 25 with the first slider 5.
  • the levers 22, 23 will be thereby locked in a tilted position, whereby they will lock the first slider 5 in an intermediate position C between the two end positions A, B, to cause forced disengagement of the movable contacts 6, 7 from the stationary contacts 3, 4 and open the circuit.
  • Elastic counteracting means 29 may be also provided in the box-like body 2 to operate on the first 5 and second sliders 15 and exert respective forces of predetermined strength on the first 5 and second sliders 15.
  • the elastic means 29 will be also used to return the sliders 5, 15, particularly when the box-like body 2 is coupled and the push button 8 is not pressed, to move the first slider 5 in the closed circuit, upper end position B.
  • the elastic means 29 will include a first spring 30 operating on the contact bridge 20 and hence on the first slider 5 to force the bridge 20 outwards and move the movable contacts 6, 7 from the open power circuit position A to the closed power circuit position B.
  • the elastic force generated by the first spring 30 will be entirely transmitted to the bridge 20. Therefore, the first spring 30 will not have to overcome the resistance of the first slider 5, and this will allow the circuit to close.
  • the elastic means 29 may include a second spring 31 operating on the second slider 15 to counteract its sliding introduction motion and urge it outwards.
  • the first 30 and second 31 springs may have different spring moduli, with the spring modulus of the second spring 31 higher than the spring modulus of the first spring 30.
  • Figs. 8 to 10 show a second preferred embodiment of a box-like body 2 with its driving means 14 and elastic means 29, as shown in three different operating positions identical to those that are shown in Figs. 5 to 7 respectively.
  • the positive motion transmission means 14 may include an actuator mechanism 32 of the rack-and-pinion type.
  • the mechanism 32 may consist of a pair of first and second racks, 33, 33'; 34, 34' respectively, which face towards each other and are rigidly connected to the first slider 5 and the second slider 15 respectively, and a pair of pinions 35, 36 pivoting about respective fixed transverse axes relative to the box-like body 2, and interposed between and meshing with the respective first and second racks 33, 33'; 34, 34'.
  • the size of the pinions 35, 36 may be selected so that a longitudinal translation of one of the sliders 5, 15 in a given direction will cause a translation of the other slider 15, 5 in the opposite direction, thereby obtaining an effect similar to that produced by the above described transmission means 14.
  • the first slider 5 may be designed as a bridge integral with the movable contacts 6, 7 for two elastic counteracting and return elements 37, 38 to operate thereon, with the same function as the above described first spring 30.
  • the pushing member 11 associated therewith may interact with the second sliders 15 to push it into the box-like body 2 and cause its translation t 1 against the elastic action of the second spring 31.
  • the first slider 5 may be axially disengaged from the second slider 15 and the transverse wall 26 will not be in contact with the levers 22, 23, which will allow the first slider 5 to translate integrally with the bridge 20 by the bias of the first spring 30, to reach the upper end position B corresponding to the closed circuit condition.
  • the pushing member 11 will press the second slider 15 into the box-like body 2.
  • the second slider 15 will translate longitudinally with a translational motion t 3 having a predetermined maximum travel value, thereby moving the transverse wall 26 to contact with the first slider 5 and to push it from the upper end position B to the open circuit lower end position A, by overcoming the resistance of both springs 30, 31, as shown in Figs. 2 and 6 .
  • the pushing member 11 cannot exert its action on the second slider 15, wherefore the latter will undergo a translation t 2 due to the bias of the second spring 31.
  • the convex surface 28 of the transverse wall 26 may interact with the arms 24', 25' of the levers 22, 23 to cause them to pivot, thereby transferring the translational motion t 2 to the first slider 5.
  • the levers 22, 23 will push the first slider 5 in a direction opposite the direction of motion of the second slider 15.
  • the first slider 5 will move from one of the two end positions A, B to the intermediate position C, which may even be coincident with the end position A, thereby separating the movable contacts 6, 7 from the stationary contacts 3, 4 and open the circuit.
  • the function of the levers 22, 23 will be performed by the pinions 35, 36 and the first racks 33, 33', which will operate to push the first slider 5 from the closed circuit end position B to the open circuit intermediate position C upon the release of the second slider 15 resulting from the disengagement of the box-like body 2 from the push button 8, as shown in Fig. 10 .
  • the second slider 15 is allowed to rigidly interact with the first slider 5 to push it to the open circuit lower end position A, as shown in Fig. 9 .
  • FIG. 11 shows the typical circuit opening and closing diagrams of a safety switch of the invention.
  • the position C corresponds to the state in which the second slider 15 is entirely removed, which occurs when the box-like body 2 is disengaged from or not correctly coupled to the push button 8.
  • the positions B and A corresponding to the closed circuit and open circuit states, are reached by the second slider 15 as a result of longitudinal translations, with travels c 1 and c 2 respectively, with respect to the position C.

Landscapes

  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Interrupteur de sécurité à bouton poussoir comprenant:
    - un corps en forme de boîte (2) avec un axe longitudinal (L), dans lequel sont logés:
    - au moins une paire de contacts fixes (3, 4) conçus pour être reliés au circuit d'alimentation d'une machine ou d'un système:
    - un premier curseur (5) mobile parallèlement audit axe longitudinal (L) entre deux positions terminales (A, B), c.-à-d. une position circuit ouvert et une position circuit fermé;
    - au moins une paire de contacts mobiles (6, 7) fonctionnellement reliés audit premier curseur (5) pour translater par rapport auxdits contacts fixes (3, 4) entre lesdites positions terminales (A, B) et pour déterminer respectivement l'ouverture et la fermeture du circuit;
    - un bouton poussoir de commande (8) conçu pour être fixé à une machine ou à un système et ayant une partie fixe (9) conçue pour être fixée audit corps en forme de boîte (2) et une partie mobile (10) conçue pour entrer en interaction avec ledit premier curseur (5) pour le faire coulisser à l'intérieur dudit corps en forme de boîte (2) entre lesdites positions terminales (A, B);
    - moyens actionneurs (14) interposés entre ledit bouton poussoir (8) et ledit premier curseur (5) pour déterminer l'interaction entre lesdits contacts mobiles (6, 7) et lesdits contacts fixes (3, 4), quand ledit bouton poussoir (8) et accouplé audit corps en forme de boîte (2) et est pressé;
    dans lequel lesdits moyens actionneurs (14) sont sensiblement rigides pour permettre audit premier curseur (5) d'entrer en interaction directe avec ledit bouton poussoir (8) et d'ouvrir lesdits contacts mobiles (6, 7) dès que ledit corps en forme de boîte (2) se désengage accidentellement au moins en partie dudit bouton poussoir (8),
    caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens actionneurs (14) comprennent par ailleurs un second curseur (15) logé de manière coulissante dans ledit corps en forme de boîte (2) et fonctionnellement relié auxdits moyens actionneurs (14) et audit bouton poussoir (8) pour transmettre un mouvement de pression de celui-ci audit premier curseur (5), lesdits moyens actionneurs (14) comprenant une articulation (21) ou un mécanisme à crémaillère (32) qui sont conçus pour entrer en interaction avec ledit premier curseur (5) et ledit second curseur (15) pour forcer lesdits contacts mobiles (6, 7) dans ladite position d'ouverture (A) dans un état d'engagement correct ou dans un état de désengagement ou accouplement incorrect dudit corps en forme de boîte (2) par rapport audit bouton poussoir (8).
  2. Interrupteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit premier curseur (5) et ledit second curseur (15) sont sensiblement parallèles audit axe longitudinal (L).
  3. Interrupteur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que ledit second curseur (15) comporte une partie centrale creuse (18) pour loger de manière coulissante ledit premier curseur (5).
  4. Interrupteur selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que ladite articulation (21) comprend un ou plusieurs leviers (22, 23), chaque levier (22, 23) ayant une paire de bras (24, 24'; 25, 25') conçus pour entrer en interaction respectivement avec ledit premier curseur (5) et avec ledit second curseur (15) pour forcer lesdits contacts mobiles (6, 7) dans ladite position d'ouverture (A), dans un état de désengagement ou d'accouplement incorrect dudit corps en forme de boîte (2) par rapport audit bouton poussoir (8).
  5. Interrupteur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que ladite articulation (21) comporte une paire de leviers (22, 23), sensiblement symétriques par rapport audit axe longitudinal (L) et articulés au centre autour d'axes de rotation respectifs (X, Y) sensiblement transversaux et perpendiculaires audit axe longitudinal (L).
  6. Interrupteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit second curseur (15) comporte une paroi transversale (26) dans ladite portion centrale creuse (18), ayant une surface intérieure sensiblement plate (27), apte à entrer en interaction avec ledit premier curseur (5) pour l'actionner le long dudit axe longitudinal (L) après une première translation longitudinale (t1) du second curseur (15) sur une course maximale prédéterminée (c2).
  7. Interrupteur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que ladite paroi transversale (26) comporte une surface extérieure de forme particulière (28), destinée à entrer en interaction avec les bras respectifs (24', 25') desdits leviers (22, 23) après une seconde translation (t2), dans une direction opposée à la première translation (t1), dudit second curseur (15), sur une course longitudinale prédéterminée (c1), pour mettre en rotation lesdits leviers (22, 23) autour desdits axes transversaux respectifs (X, Y) et verrouiller lesdits contacts mobiles (6, 7) dans une position d'ouverture (C) intermédiaire entre lesdites positions terminales (A, B).
  8. Interrupteur selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que lesdits leviers (22, 23) sont dimensionnés de manière à pivoter, après ladite seconde translation (t2) dudit second curseur (15), sur un angle prédéterminé (α) suffisant à permettre l'interaction desdits bras (24, 25) avec ledit premier curseur (5) et à verrouiller lesdits contacts mobiles (6, 7) dans ladite position intermédiaire (C).
  9. Interrupteur selon n'importe laquelle des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend des moyens de retour élastique (29) qui agissent respectivement sur ledit premier curseur (5) et sur ledit second curseur (15), pour appliquer des forces antagonistes d'intensité prédéterminée sur ceux-ci, pour qu'ils s'opposent au mouvement pivotal desdits leviers (22, 23).
  10. Interrupteur selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de retour élastique (29) comportent un premier ressort (30) qui agit sur ledit premier curseur (5) pour le pousser vers l'extérieur et déplacer lesdits contacts mobiles (6, 7) de ladite position d'ouverture (A) à ladite position de fermeture (B) du circuit d'alimentation et un second ressort (31) qui agit sur ledit second curseur (15) pour le pousser vers l'extérieur.
  11. Interrupteur selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que lesdits premier et second ressorts (30, 31) ont des modules d'élasticités différents, le module d'élasticité dudit second ressort (31) étant plus élevé que le module d'élasticité dudit premier ressort (30).
  12. Interrupteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit mécanisme à crémaillère (32) comprend au moins une première crémaillère (33) et au moins une seconde crémaillère (34), faisant face l'une à l'autre et reliées fonctionnellement respectivement auxdits premier (5) et second (15) curseurs, et un pignon (35) interposé entre et en prise avec ladite première crémaillère (33) et ladite seconde crémaillère (34) et tournant autour d'un axe fixe par rapport audit corps en forme de boîte (2), de façon qu'une translation longitudinale de l'un desdits curseurs (5, 15) dans une direction donnée donne lieu à une translation de l'autre curseur (15, 5) dans la direction opposée.
EP20080011840 2008-06-30 2008-07-01 Interrupteur de sécurité Active EP2141715B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITVI20080160 ITVI20080160A1 (it) 2008-06-30 2008-06-30 Interruttore di sicurezza.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2141715A1 EP2141715A1 (fr) 2010-01-06
EP2141715B1 true EP2141715B1 (fr) 2015-04-08

Family

ID=40302280

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20080011840 Active EP2141715B1 (fr) 2008-06-30 2008-07-01 Interrupteur de sécurité

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2141715B1 (fr)
IT (1) ITVI20080160A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP6007498B2 (ja) * 2012-01-31 2016-10-12 オムロン株式会社 操作スイッチ

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4101493C2 (de) 1991-01-19 2001-07-19 Schlegel Georg Gmbh & Co Elektrischer Schalter mit einer Kontaktvorrichtung und einem Stößel
US5696662A (en) 1995-08-21 1997-12-09 Honeywell Inc. Electrostatically operated micromechanical capacitor
US6198058B1 (en) 1999-09-27 2001-03-06 Rockwell Technologies, Llc Switch contact mechanism
JP4169995B2 (ja) 2002-03-13 2008-10-22 Ｉｄｅｃ株式会社 操作スイッチ
JP4147049B2 (ja) 2002-04-17 2008-09-10 Ｉｄｅｃ株式会社 操作スイッチ
DE102005010661B4 (de) 2005-03-08 2006-12-21 Siemens Ag Befehlsschalter, insbesondere NOT-AUS-Schalter
DE602005009233D1 (de) 2005-12-20 2008-10-02 Siemens Ag Vorrichtung mit einer Steueranordnung und einem Schaltgerät
EP1801830A1 (fr) 2005-12-20 2007-06-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Interrupteur avec surveillance d'un élément de commutation

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Publication number Publication date
EP2141715A1 (fr) 2010-01-06
ITVI20080160A1 (it) 2010-01-01

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