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EP1801830A1 - Interrupteur avec surveillance d'un élément de commutation - Google Patents

Interrupteur avec surveillance d'un élément de commutation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1801830A1
EP1801830A1 EP05027927A EP05027927A EP1801830A1 EP 1801830 A1 EP1801830 A1 EP 1801830A1 EP 05027927 A EP05027927 A EP 05027927A EP 05027927 A EP05027927 A EP 05027927A EP 1801830 A1 EP1801830 A1 EP 1801830A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
installation unit
unit according
actuator
switching element
contact pin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP05027927A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Josef Scherl
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG, Siemens Corp filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP05027927A priority Critical patent/EP1801830A1/fr
Priority to EP06807771A priority patent/EP1964139B1/fr
Priority to CN2006800485152A priority patent/CN101346790B/zh
Priority to PCT/EP2006/068209 priority patent/WO2007071495A1/fr
Priority to DE502006003849T priority patent/DE502006003849D1/de
Priority to AT06807771T priority patent/ATE432528T1/de
Priority to US12/086,588 priority patent/US7943872B2/en
Publication of EP1801830A1 publication Critical patent/EP1801830A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/02—Operating parts, i.e. for operating driving mechanism by a mechanical force external to the switch
    • H01H3/022—Emergency operating parts, e.g. for stop-switch in dangerous conditions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/20—Interlocking, locking, or latching mechanisms
    • H01H9/22—Interlocking, locking, or latching mechanisms for interlocking between casing, cover, or protective shutter and mechanism for operating contacts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical installation unit for contacting electrical consumers, wherein the installation unit has at least two contact elements.
  • Command devices are generally modular; that is, they consist of an actuator, a fastening part (for example, a ring nut or mounting bracket) and one or more switching elements, which are designed as normally closed or normally closed contacts.
  • a fastening part for example, a ring nut or mounting bracket
  • switching elements are designed as normally closed or normally closed contacts.
  • To mount the actuator is usually inserted from the front through a hole in the panel and mounted from behind by means of a mounting part.
  • the switching elements are mechanically connected to the actuator or the fastening part with screws, snap hook or latch. The electrical connection of the switching elements with the controller via the terminals.
  • the switching elements Since in a spatial separation of the switching element from the actuator, the normally closed contacts are still closed, this error can not be detected by control. Even for the operators of this error is not recognizable, since the switching elements, which are located behind the panel or a housing, are usually not visible. In certain applications, the switching elements are not mechanically fixed to the actuator. This is the case when in a housing, the switching elements including wiring in the ground (for example, on a DIN rail) are mounted and the actuator is mounted in the lid. The required spatial allocation between the actuator and switching elements is dependent on the fact that the lid is properly closed. If the cover of a housing or the cabinet door is opened when an EMERGENCY STOP device is actuated, the contacts opened during actuation close, and the EMERGENCY OFF command is disabled, which can have serious consequences.
  • Switching elements which attempt to prevent or at least detect the errors described above. These switching elements include a normally closed and a normally open contact. In the unactuated state, the NC contact is closed and the NO contact open.
  • the switching element slide is designed so that when properly fastened the switching elements in the actuator of the slide is actuated so far that the normally open contact is closed, but not so far that the normally closed contact is opened. In a series connection of NC and NO and a proper spatial allocation of switching element and unactuated actuator circuit is thus closed.
  • the normally closed contact is opened and the circuit is interrupted despite the normally closed normally open contact.
  • the switching element slider which carries the movable contact piece, positively connected to the plunger of the actuator. If this connection is missing, the normally closed contact is opened by a spring which acts on the switching element slide in the actuating direction. Forced opening is not given due to the opening of the contacts by spring force.
  • the same operation is at an under WO 2004/023501 patented solution applied.
  • the peculiarity is the connection of the switching element slide and the actuator tappet through a bayonet lock.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a command device, which inevitably interrupts the circuit in an improper spatial association between the actuator and switching element.
  • the electrical connection is not or no longer available and the circuit is thus interrupted.
  • the interruption of the circuit upon removal of the switching element from the actuator inevitably, that is, the interruption of the circuit is not dependent on a spring force that may fail due to spring breakage, welded contacts or increased friction.
  • the solution according to the invention is simpler, space-saving and also more economical to produce.
  • the installation unit has a contact device for interrupting the conductive connection.
  • This contact device is present in addition to the means for interruption in disassembly of the installation unit.
  • the installation unit can be used as a circuit breaker or pushbutton.
  • the contact device has a relaxed and a cocked position under the action of a spring mechanism.
  • a switching mechanism designed as a pressure switch or a push-button switch can be realized in a simple manner.
  • a return spring is provided as a spring mechanism for tensioning the contact device.
  • the spring mechanism can be realized by simple standard components.
  • the contact device is provided in the relaxed position for closing and in the cocked position for breaking the conductive connection.
  • the circuit is closed when not operated contact device, whereby the installation unit is particularly suitable as a command device for interrupting a circuit.
  • a plunger which has a rest and an actuating position, is provided to act on the contact device, wherein the contact device can be moved by movement of the plunger in its rest position in the relaxed position and by movement of the plunger in its operating position in the cocked position.
  • the installation unit for acting on the plunger on an actuator with a provided for guiding the plunger area and a spatially fixed to the actuator and provided for receiving the contact device switching element.
  • the means of interruption ensure that in case of an incorrect spatial Assignment between actuator and contact device of the circuit is interrupted.
  • This separate version of actuator and contact device facilitates, for example, the assembly of the command device to a control panel.
  • a fastening element is advantageously provided for mounting the installation unit on a surface, by means of which the insertable through a recess in the surface of the fastener side opposite pluggable actuator is fixable.
  • the switching element is indirectly connected by screwing or snapping over the fastener or directly to the actuator.
  • the installation unit can be mounted safely and easily.
  • the means for interrupting the conductive connection on a contacting element which is associated with a removable part of the installation unit, and two connecting elements for contacting with the contacting element.
  • a conductive contact pin is provided as contacting element, which is arranged in the properly assembled state of the installation unit between the two connecting elements.
  • the contact pin and / or the two connecting elements on a spring property and the distance between the connecting elements is smaller than the diameter or the width of the contact pin.
  • an insulating material is provided in such a way for embedding the contact pin, that no conductive part is more touchable when contacting the contact pin with the connecting elements.
  • restrictions on the permissible operating voltage or operating current are not required.
  • two connecting elements in the switching element and a fixed to the actuator conductive contact pin are provided as a means for interrupting the conductive connection, by means of which with a correct spatial association between the actuator and the switching element conductive connection between the connecting elements via the contact pin can be produced, which can be plugged through a recess in a housing of the switching element.
  • the presence of the inadvertently connected to the actuator pin is automatically ensured that in actuators, in which the use of switching elements is provided with absence assurance, no normal switching elements without absence assurance can be mounted.
  • the contact pin and / or the two connecting elements on a spring property, wherein the distance between the connecting elements is smaller than the diameter or the width of the contact pin.
  • an insulating material is provided for embedding the contact pin, that when contacting the contact pin with the connecting elements no conductive part is more touchable.
  • the length of the contact pin is dimensioned such that upon release of the switching element from the actuator, the conductive connection between the connecting elements can be interrupted before on the actuator no effect on the plunger is exercisable. This ensures that the conductive connection is already interrupted before the actuator can no longer fulfill its function.
  • the recess in the housing of the switching elements, through which the contact pin can be inserted funnel-shaped.
  • the joining of switching element and actuator is facilitated.
  • an electrical conductor is provided as the contacting element instead of the contact pin.
  • This conductor may be, for example, a wire or a stranded wire.
  • the electrical conductor advantageously has an electrical insulation. In turn, this results in no restrictions with respect to the operating current and the operating voltage compared to normal switching elements.
  • the electrical conductor is fixedly connected at one end to a connecting element and connectable to the other end at the other connecting element via a plug connection.
  • the interruption of the circuit can be achieved by releasing the connection between the electrical conductor and connecting element non-destructive.
  • the installation unit which is designed with a separate actuator and switching element, as means for interrupting the conductive connection, two connecting elements in the switching element and provided by two recesses in a housing of the switching element feasible electrical conductor, wherein the electrical conductor is fixedly connected at one end to a connecting element and, after a correct spatial association between the switching element and the actuator, can be guided by a recess provided on a housing of the actuator and connected to the second connecting element at the second end.
  • the electrical conductor to an electrical insulation.
  • the length of the electrical conductor is dimensioned such that upon release of the switching element from the actuator, the conductive connection between the two connecting elements can be interrupted before over the actuator no effect is exerted on the plunger. This ensures that a spatial separation of actuator and switching element also entails an electrical interruption of the conductive connection.
  • the installation unit of the fastening mechanism between the switching element and actuator is provided with blocked ram and exceeding a certain operating force for the separation of the switching element from the actuator.
  • Contacts may weld as a result of a short circuit. If this welding is so massive that, for example, when an emergency stop device is actuated, the contacts are not broken, the safety-relevant function of the device, that is to say the opening of the contacts, no longer exists.
  • the attachment mechanism (snap hooks, for example) between switching element and actuator can be designed so that when a certain welding force is exceeded, the switching element by transmitting the operating force on the blocked slide from the actuator dissolves (for example, by a predetermined breaking point) and thus despite welded contacts, the circuit is inevitably interrupted by separation of the contact pin from the switching element.
  • a controller for measuring the potential difference between the contact pins and at least one of the two contact elements of the installation unit is provided.
  • the contact pin and both contact elements of the installation unit are at the same potential in terms of voltage.
  • the contact device is open, the contact element lying on the same side as the contact pin and the contact pin has the same potential but a different potential than the contact element lying on the opposite side of the contact device.
  • the potential of the contact pin differs from the potential of the contact element, which lies on the same side of the contact device as the contact pin, it can be concluded that the proper spatial allocation of switching element and actuator is not or no longer present.
  • the voltage dependent on the operating state voltage potential of the contact pin to the contact elements of the switching element can thus be used for display and reporting purposes.
  • a controller for measuring the potential difference between both sides of the contact device is provided.
  • a controller for measuring the potential difference between both sides of the contact device is provided.
  • a controller for measuring the potential difference between both sides of the means for interrupting the conductive connection is provided. This can be determined in a simple manner, whether a correct spatial assignment of the actuator to the switching element is present.
  • the installation unit is provided for use as an emergency stop command device. Solves the switching element from the actuated emergency stop actuator, for example by opening a housing in which the switching elements in the bottom and the actuator are arranged in the lid, so in the known solutions of the emergency stop circuit by closing the normally closed contact briefly closed before the circuit is interrupted again by opening the normally open circuit. This short-circuiting of the EMERGENCY STOP circuit can possibly lead to dangerous operating conditions. In the solution according to the invention this is not the case.
  • the command device is modular and consists of a switching element 4 and an actuator 6, wherein the actuator 6, the actual control element 1 belongs, by means of which a user operates the EMERGENCY STOP command device.
  • the EMERGENCY STOP command device is mounted on a control panel 2.
  • the actuator 6 was passed through a hole in the control panel 2 and fastened by means of a fastening element 3.
  • the switching element 4 was mounted by means of the switching element attachment 5 by snapping on the actuator 6.
  • the contact elements of the installation unit are designed as connection terminals 14, 15.
  • the contact pin 7, which is inseparably connected to the actuator 6, is guided during the assembly of the switching element 4 to the actuator 6 by means of a switching element 4 provided for this purpose recess, which is advantageously funnel-shaped. Due to the presence of the inextricably connected to the actuator 6 pin 7 is automatically ensured that in actuators 6, in which the use of switching elements 4 is provided with absence assurance, no normal switching elements without absence assurance mountable are.
  • the switching element 4 further comprises a contact device 10, which is operated by a switching element slide 16. Upon actuation of the switching element slide 16, a return spring 19 is transferred to a tensioned state, from which it moves back to its initial position when the actuating force on the switching element slide 16 is removed.
  • This design is not only suitable for EMERGENCY STOP command devices, but in general for push buttons of any kind.
  • FIG. 2 shows the EMERGENCY STOP 3 command device from FIG. 1 in the actuated state. It can be seen how, by actuation of the operating element 1, the actuating force acts on the switching element slide 16 via a plunger 17 in order to open the contact device 10. As a result, as mentioned above, the return spring 19 is transferred into its tensioned state. For an explanation of the further reference symbols see FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 again shows the EMERGENCY STOP command device of FIG. 1, the switching element 4 being released from the actuator 6.
  • the contact device 10 is closed by the restoring force of the return spring 19.
  • Good to see the funnel-shaped recess in the switching element housing 12 is passed through the mounting pin 7 during assembly of the switching element 4 with the actuator 6.
  • insulating material 11 is attached, which ensures that no conductive part is more touchable, as soon as the contact pin 7 has made a conductive connection to the connecting elements 8, 9.
  • FIG. 5 shows an embodiment of the electrical installation unit according to the invention, in which a wire or a strand 21 is used as means for interrupting the conductive connection instead of the contact pin 7, as shown in Figures 1 to 4.
  • the wire or the strand 21 is fixedly secured at one end to a fixed contact piece 20, which represents one of the two connecting elements, wherein at the other end of the wire or the strand 21, a plug connection 24 is mounted, which is connected to the second connecting element, the connecting piece 23, is connected.
  • the wire or the strand 21 is guided through a recess on the actuator 22, which ensures that when releasing the switching element 4 from the actuator 6, the conductive connection between the terminals of the installation unit 14 and 15 by pulling the connector 24 from the connector 23 is inevitably interrupted.
  • the length of the wire 21, which is preferably carried out electrically insulated, is so dimensioned that when disassembling the EMERGENCY OFF-Betehlsauss the electrical connection is interrupted by pulling the connector 24 from the connector 23, before the contact device 10 is no longer by operating of the control element 1 can be opened.
  • the second end of the wire 21, instead of by means of the connector 24, also be fixedly connected to the connector 23. In this case, the positive opening of the conductive connection takes place upon disassembly of the EMERGENCY STOP command device by tearing the wire 21.
  • Figure 1 For an explanation of the other reference numerals, see Figure 1.
  • the invention relates to an electrical installation unit for contacting electrical consumers, wherein the installation unit has at least two contact elements.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an installation unit in which upon disassembly of the installation unit existing between the two contact elements electrical connection is inevitably interrupted.
  • This object is achieved in that the installation unit has means which are provided for interrupting the leading to the contact elements conductive connection during disassembly of the installation unit.
  • These means consist of two connecting elements in a switching element of the installation unit and, for example, a contact pin made of a conductive material, which produces a conductive connection between the connecting elements in a properly mounted state of the installation unit.
  • the electrical connection between the connecting elements can be produced by a wire or a strand through which the electrical connection is interrupted when the installation unit is disassembled, for example by tearing the wire or strand.
  • a particularly advantageous application is the installation unit according to the invention, for example, in the use as an emergency stop command device.

Landscapes

  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
  • Switch Cases, Indication, And Locking (AREA)
  • Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
EP05027927A 2005-12-20 2005-12-20 Interrupteur avec surveillance d'un élément de commutation Withdrawn EP1801830A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05027927A EP1801830A1 (fr) 2005-12-20 2005-12-20 Interrupteur avec surveillance d'un élément de commutation
EP06807771A EP1964139B1 (fr) 2005-12-20 2006-11-08 Appareil de commande dote d'une surveillance des elements de commutation
CN2006800485152A CN101346790B (zh) 2005-12-20 2006-11-08 一种用于接触用电设备的电气安装单元
PCT/EP2006/068209 WO2007071495A1 (fr) 2005-12-20 2006-11-08 Appareil de commande dote d'une surveillance des elements de commutation
DE502006003849T DE502006003849D1 (de) 2005-12-20 2006-11-08 Befehlsgerät mit schaltelementüberwachung
AT06807771T ATE432528T1 (de) 2005-12-20 2006-11-08 Befehlsgerät mit schaltelementüberwachung
US12/086,588 US7943872B2 (en) 2005-12-20 2006-11-08 Command device with switching element monitoring

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP05027927A EP1801830A1 (fr) 2005-12-20 2005-12-20 Interrupteur avec surveillance d'un élément de commutation

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1801830A1 true EP1801830A1 (fr) 2007-06-27

Family

ID=36216980

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05027927A Withdrawn EP1801830A1 (fr) 2005-12-20 2005-12-20 Interrupteur avec surveillance d'un élément de commutation
EP06807771A Not-in-force EP1964139B1 (fr) 2005-12-20 2006-11-08 Appareil de commande dote d'une surveillance des elements de commutation

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP06807771A Not-in-force EP1964139B1 (fr) 2005-12-20 2006-11-08 Appareil de commande dote d'une surveillance des elements de commutation

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US7943872B2 (fr)
EP (2) EP1801830A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN101346790B (fr)
AT (1) ATE432528T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE502006003849D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2007071495A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2141715A1 (fr) 2008-06-30 2010-01-06 Pizzato Elettrica S.r.l. Interrupteur de sécurité
FR2936902A1 (fr) * 2008-10-07 2010-04-09 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Dispositif d'arret d'urgence
WO2011032817A1 (fr) * 2009-09-21 2011-03-24 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Dispositif d'arret d'urgence
WO2011163081A1 (fr) * 2010-06-22 2011-12-29 Schneider Electric USA, Inc. Bloc de contact à interverrouillage intégré

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5095691B2 (ja) * 2008-10-27 2012-12-12 富士電機機器制御株式会社 押しボタンスイッチ
EP3084793B1 (fr) * 2013-12-19 2017-11-22 Eaton Electrical IP GmbH & Co. KG Élément de contact
KR102517376B1 (ko) 2016-04-19 2023-04-03 엘에스일렉트릭(주) 투입저항을 구비하는 차단기
CN110676082B (zh) * 2019-10-23 2021-06-25 广东海洋大学 一种电气自动化设备故障紧急断电装置

Citations (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0382345A2 (fr) * 1989-02-09 1990-08-16 Molex Incorporated Boîtier de connecteur électrique moulé en une seule pièce ayant un levier séparable
DE4101493A1 (de) 1991-01-19 1992-07-23 Schlegel Georg Gmbh & Co Elektrischer schalter mit einer kontaktvorrichtung und einem stoessel
DE4111150A1 (de) * 1991-04-06 1992-10-08 Kronenberg Gmbh H & J Sicherheitsschalter
EP0660450A2 (fr) * 1993-12-27 1995-06-28 General Motors Corporation Moyens pour la séparation vite des pièces d'un dispositif électrique à ampérages élevés
US6198058B1 (en) 1999-09-27 2001-03-06 Rockwell Technologies, Llc Switch contact mechanism
JP2003272468A (ja) 2002-03-13 2003-09-26 Idec Izumi Corp 操作スイッチ
JP2003303527A (ja) 2002-04-11 2003-10-24 Idec Izumi Corp 押ボタンスイッチ
WO2004023501A1 (fr) 2002-09-09 2004-03-18 Idec Izumi Corporation Interrupteur

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3436497A (en) * 1967-08-31 1969-04-01 Cutler Hammer Inc Electrical switch having a lost motion operator assembly
US4306123A (en) * 1979-02-21 1981-12-15 Taylor Glenn R Contact block
US6987235B2 (en) * 2003-06-06 2006-01-17 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. Redundant switch having torsional compliance and arc-absorbant thermal mass

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0382345A2 (fr) * 1989-02-09 1990-08-16 Molex Incorporated Boîtier de connecteur électrique moulé en une seule pièce ayant un levier séparable
DE4101493A1 (de) 1991-01-19 1992-07-23 Schlegel Georg Gmbh & Co Elektrischer schalter mit einer kontaktvorrichtung und einem stoessel
DE4111150A1 (de) * 1991-04-06 1992-10-08 Kronenberg Gmbh H & J Sicherheitsschalter
EP0660450A2 (fr) * 1993-12-27 1995-06-28 General Motors Corporation Moyens pour la séparation vite des pièces d'un dispositif électrique à ampérages élevés
US6198058B1 (en) 1999-09-27 2001-03-06 Rockwell Technologies, Llc Switch contact mechanism
JP2003272468A (ja) 2002-03-13 2003-09-26 Idec Izumi Corp 操作スイッチ
JP2003303527A (ja) 2002-04-11 2003-10-24 Idec Izumi Corp 押ボタンスイッチ
WO2004023501A1 (fr) 2002-09-09 2004-03-18 Idec Izumi Corporation Interrupteur
EP1553609A1 (fr) * 2002-09-09 2005-07-13 Idec Izumi Corporation Interrupteur

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2141715A1 (fr) 2008-06-30 2010-01-06 Pizzato Elettrica S.r.l. Interrupteur de sécurité
FR2936902A1 (fr) * 2008-10-07 2010-04-09 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Dispositif d'arret d'urgence
WO2010040678A1 (fr) * 2008-10-07 2010-04-15 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Dispositif d'arret d'urgence
CN102165546A (zh) * 2008-10-07 2011-08-24 施耐德电器工业公司 紧急止动设备
AU2009301229B2 (en) * 2008-10-07 2013-05-02 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Emergency stop device
US8497438B2 (en) 2008-10-07 2013-07-30 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Emergency stop device
CN102165546B (zh) * 2008-10-07 2013-11-20 施耐德电器工业公司 紧急止动设备
WO2011032817A1 (fr) * 2009-09-21 2011-03-24 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Dispositif d'arret d'urgence
FR2950472A1 (fr) * 2009-09-21 2011-03-25 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Dispositif d'arret d'urgence
WO2011163081A1 (fr) * 2010-06-22 2011-12-29 Schneider Electric USA, Inc. Bloc de contact à interverrouillage intégré

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20090084663A1 (en) 2009-04-02
EP1964139B1 (fr) 2009-05-27
CN101346790A (zh) 2009-01-14
WO2007071495A1 (fr) 2007-06-28
US7943872B2 (en) 2011-05-17
CN101346790B (zh) 2011-10-05
DE502006003849D1 (de) 2009-07-09
EP1964139A1 (fr) 2008-09-03
ATE432528T1 (de) 2009-06-15

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