EP2027512A2

EP2027512A2 - Watchmaking part with a calendar number mechanism

Info

Publication number: EP2027512A2
Application number: EP07729699A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Frédéric Crettex
Original assignee: Vaucher Manufacture Fleurier SA
Current assignee: Vaucher Manufacture Fleurier SA
Priority date: 2006-06-12
Filing date: 2007-05-31
Publication date: 2009-02-25
Also published as: WO2007144268A3; US7782715B2; US20090201770A1; EP1868047A1; KR20090031560A; JP5068816B2; WO2007144268A8; CN101467109B; WO2007144268A2; CN101467109A; JP2009540310A

Abstract

Watchmaking part with a perpetual calendar number mechanism, including: - a time switch, - a display device including a mobile (18b) whose position is determined by the calendar month number, - a correction device (18a, 18d) cooperating with said display device and guaranteeing its drive at the end of months having less than thirty-one days. This mechanism includes, in addition: - a month mechanism (24) with a period of one year and including a cam advancing by steps, one step per month, - a programming mechanism (28) driven by the time switch and cooperating with the month mechanism (24) and having a mobile (28a) cooperating with the correction mechanism (18a) to make it advance, during the month, by as many steps as the month counts days in less than thirty-one days. This mechanism enables the energy required to perform the correction to be withdrawn during the month, and restored at the time of the automatic correction.

Description

PART OF WATCHMAKING HAVING A QUANTIME MECHANISM

The present invention relates to calendar mechanisms for timepieces. It relates more particularly to the annual or perpetual calendar. A perpetual or annual calendar is called a mechanism that automatically corrects the date when the month is less than thirty-one days, depending on whether or not it performs the correct correction in February during leap years.

Many mechanisms of this type are known. For most of them, the jumps of the date indicator are provided by cams and levers. Such solutions are unsafe and energy hungry. In the document CH 680'630, the drive is done without the intervention of levers or other springs. In this case, however, the energy source of the timepiece is strongly solicited at the end of the months of less than thirty-one days, and particularly in February, since the display device must perform up to four steps on the same day. The object of the present invention is to reduce the point consumption of energy, by distributing it during the month.

More precisely, the timepiece is provided with a date mechanism, comprising:

- a timer train, - a display device with a mobile whose position is based on the calendar of the month,

- A correction member cooperating with said display device and ensuring its training at the end of the month of less than thirty-one days. According to the invention, the date mechanism of this timepiece comprises, in addition: - an organ of the months having a period of one year and comprising a cam advancing in steps, at the rate of one step per month,

- A programming device, driven by the timer train and cooperating with the body months, and provided with a mobile cooperating with the correction device to advance it, during the month, as many steps as the month counts day in less than thirty-one.

In this mechanism, the correction element comprises an actuating device connected to the display device to enable it to advance, at the end of the month, the number of steps the correction device has been advanced during the month that end. In this way, this mechanism makes it possible to automatically correct the date during the months of less than thirty-one days, without necessarily being able to take into account the leap years. Advantageously, the mechanism further comprises a leap year organ cooperating with the programming organ during the months of February, so that even during leap years, the date is automatically corrected, also in February.

To ensure the phasing of the correction member, it comprises a mobile and a resilient member connecting the mobile to the display device.

The programming unit advantageously comprises:

a first wheel kinematically connected to the display device,

a satellite wheel carried by the first wheel,

second and third wheels integral in rotation and meshing respectively with said satellite wheel and the mobile of the correction element, and

at least one retaining member controlled by the programming member, arranged so as to be able to be engaged or not on the path traveled by the satellite wheel, to thereby shift the first and third wheels and, with them, the programming mobile and the display device.

The retaining member is advantageously formed of rings arranged concentrically at the first, second and third wheels of the programming member, and jumpers controlled at least by the month member.

In order to ensure a correct correction of the date even during the months of February leap years, the jumpers are ordered on the one hand by the organ of the months, on the other hand by the organ of leap years.

The invention will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given by way of example and with reference to the drawing in which:

Figures 1 and 2 show an overview, respectively in perspective and from above, of a mechanism according to the invention; and

- Figures 3 and 4 are views respectively in perspective and from above of a portion of this mechanism. The mechanism shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is controlled by a timepiece timer train which is not shown in the drawing. This wheel drives a wheel twenty-four hours 10, which performs one turn per day. The wheel 10 carries indexes 12, 13 and 14, the index 13 being masked in FIG. 1. A star wheel 16, intended to bear an indicator of the days of the week, is actuated by the index 12. The indexes 13 and 14 are intended to move the perpetual calendar mechanism, as will be explained below. The latter essentially comprises four modules.

A first module 18, of monthly periodicity, comprises two superimposed wheels 18a and 18b, each having thirty-one teeth, three of them being truncated in their thickness, as can be seen more particularly in FIG. 1, and driven successively. and respectively by the indexes 13 and 14. The lower wheel 18b occupies a position corresponding to the day of the month. The display of this function can be done either by means of a needle 19 that carries his shaft, or by driving a date ring, not shown in the drawing. The upper wheel 18a is rigidly associated with an index 18c whose function will be specified later. A spring 18schematically shown in Figure 2, elastically connects the wheels 18a and 18b to each other. This spring is intended to accumulate energy during months of less than thirty-one days, to ensure additional jumps of the wheel 18b at the end of the month, as will be explained below.

The wheels 18a and 18b are respectively positioned by jumpers 20 and 22, maintained in support in the teeth of these wheels under the effect of springs not shown in the drawing. The jumper 22 is provided with an arm 22a whose function will be specified later.

A second module 24, of annual periodicity, driven by a step each month by the index 18c, comprises, superimposed and rigidly secured to each other:

a star of months of thirty days 24a, comprising four branches to be arranged so that they are active at the end of April, June, September and November,

a February index 24b comprising two branches, a cam of months less than thirty-one days 24c, intended to cooperate with the arm 22a of the pawl 22 to disengage it from the wheel 18b, a star of the months 24d of twelve branches, cooperating with the index 18c, and

a 24th index whose function will be specified later.

This second module 24 is positioned by a not shown jumper spring cooperating, in a conventional manner, with the star 24d. It can advantageously carry a needle 25 displaying the month.

A third module 26, of quadrennial periodicity, is controlled by the index 24b. Its function is to manage the jumps associated with the month of February, taking into account the fact that the year is leap year or not, as will be explained later. It includes, solidary in rotation, a star to eight branches 26a intended to cooperate with the index with two branches 24b, a leap-index 26b, a truncated star of non-leap years 26c, having three branches, two being in the extension of one another, the third being perpendicular , as well as a star 26d with four branches. The latter, which pivots freely on the shaft carrying the other components of this module 26, rotates under the effect of the index 24e. It is positioned by a jumper not shown in the drawing. A needle 27, indicating the cycle of leap years, is carried by the star 26d.

Finally, a fourth correction module 28, shown in more detail in FIGS. 3 and 4, is formed of a differential comprising:

a first wheel 28a of twenty-eight teeth meshing with the wheel 18a,

a second wheel 28b of the same diameter and having the same number of teeth as the wheel 28a meshing with the wheel 18b; a third wheel 28c of twenty-eight teeth interposed between the wheels

28a and 28b, of smaller diameter and integral with the wheel 28a, a satellite wheel 28d of twelve teeth, rotatably mounted on the wheel 28b and meshing with the wheel 28c by its pinion 28d ', which also comprises twelve teeth. Note that in Figure 3, the wheel 28b has been truncated to make visible the portion of the module below it.

The wheel 28b bears, in addition, concentrically rotatably mounted, three rings 28e, 28f and 28g, provided with an external toothing 28h, 28i and 28j and respectively one, two or three inner teeth 28k, 281 and 28m, intended to cooperate with the satellite wheel 28d. The rings 28f and 28g are interposed between the wheels 28a and 28b, while the ring 28e is on the other side of the wheel 28b. In addition, the satellite wheel 28d has a first board, whose thickness is sufficient for it to be at the two inner teeth 281 and 28m of the rings 28f and 28g, and a second board cooperating with the internal toothing of the 28th crown. As can be seen in Figure 3, the ring 28g is provided with a groove 28n and the wheel 28a 28o fingers engaged in this groove, ensuring a relative positioning of the ring 28g and the wheel 28a. The rings 28e and 28f are positioned in the same manner, with reference to the wheel 28b. Three jumpers 30, 32 and 34 are arranged so as to be engaged respectively in the teeth 28h, 28i and 28j of the crowns 28e, 28f and 28g and to cooperate respectively with the star of the thirty-day month 24a, the leap-index 26b and with the truncated star 26c.

It will be noted that the wheels 28a and 28b are arranged so that, for three days per month, their teeth do not mesh respectively with the wheels 18a and 18b, because the teeth of the wheels 18a and 18b are truncated in their teeth. thickness.

The device as just described is arranged so that during the months of less than thirty-one days, the wheel 18a is out of phase with the wheel 18b by one, two or three steps, as many days, depending on whether the current month is thirty, twenty-nine or twenty-eight days. Its operation is as follows.

Every day, around midnight, the index 12 advances the star wheel 16 of the weekday indicator by one step. This training is done systematically and independently of the rest of the device. This function could even be deleted without changing the operation of the device.

In addition, the indexes 13 and 14 rotate the wheels 18a and 18b respectively. These drive the wheels 28a and 28b, respectively, except during the three days during which the truncated teeth are opposite the wheels 28a and 28b. The needle 19 jumps one step with the wheel 18b with which it is associated. This process takes place every day.

More specifically, the index 13 begins by driving the wheel 18a clockwise, which rotates the wheel 28a and with it the wheel 28c, in the counterclockwise direction. Since the wheel 28b is fixed at this time, the movement of the wheel 28c rotates the pinion 28d 'and the satellite wheel 28d clockwise one twelfth of a turn. Then, the index 14 drives the wheel 18b and, by the latter, the wheel 28b, which drives the satellite wheel 28d in the counterclockwise direction, which returns to its previous position on the wheel 28b. When the toothing of the satellite wheel 28d meets the teeth of one of the internal teeth of the rings 28e, 28f or 28g, it cooperates with them.

If none of the crowns is held by a jumper, the latter turn, without further, with the wheel 28b. In this way, during the thirty-one day period, the satellite wheel 28d carries with it the three crowns 28e, 28f and 28g. During the months of less than thirty-one days, a saltire holds one of the crowns. Thus, during February non-leap years, the jumper 34 blocks the 28g crown, which has three teeth 28m. As the satellite wheel 28d rotates clockwise when the wheel 28a advances a step in the counter-clockwise direction, its toothing straddles a tooth of the crown 28g. When, then, the wheel 28b rotates a step in the counterclockwise direction, the satellite wheel 28d rotates clockwise while meshing with the toothing of the ring 28g, thereby advancing the wheel 28a by one additional step. The same situation is found the next two days. In this way, the wheel 28a will have advanced three additional steps. Then, the satellite wheel 28d is no longer in engagement with the internal toothing of the ring 28g.

For the months of twenty nine and thirty days, the operation is the same, the satellite wheel 28d cooperating respectively with the rings 28f and 28e, which are respectively retained by the jumpers 32 and 30. To allow a better understanding of the operation of the device, this one will be described according to what happens throughout the year.

During the month of December, which is a month of thirty-one days, the modules 24 and 26 are in positions such that the jumpers 30, 32 and 34 are not solicited. In this way, throughout the month, the wheels 18a and 18b rotate regularly, driving with them the wheels 28a and 28b and the crowns 28e, 28f and 28g, none of the latter being retained. Moreover, because of the truncated teeth, the wheels 28a and 28b remain motionless for three days during the month. Thus, the component parts of the module 28 make a turn during the month.

On the last day of the month, the index 18c cooperates with the star wheel 24d, so that the components of the module 24 rotate by a 30 ° pitch, bringing the needle 25 in the position corresponding to the month of January. In addition, the index 24e drives the starwheel 26d and with it the needle 27 indicating where the year beginning in the leap year cycle is.

January also has thirty-one days. Also, the wheels 18a and 18b each perform a complete turn freely, driving with them the wheels 28a and 28b and the rings 28e, 28f and 28g, none of the latter being retained. Thus, the component parts of module 28 are once again a turn during the month.

At the change of months, the module 24 moves from the position corresponding to January to that corresponding to February, the first branch of the index 24b causing step one module 26, with the exception of the star 26d. This latter module is then positioned so that the jumper 34 is engaged and retained in the outer toothing 28j.

As, during the month of January, the three crowns 28e, 28f and 28g were driven by the satellite wheel 28d, the latter is ready to come into contact with the ring 28g, the other rings 28e and 28f being further rotated. . During the first three days, the wheels 18a and 18b are not engaged with the wheels 28a and 28b. At the fourth day, and as the ring 28g is blocked, the satellite wheel 28d meshes with one of the inner teeth 28m. As explained above, the satellite wheel 28d rotates, driving the wheel 28c and with it the wheels 28a and 18a. For three days, the wheel 18a therefore advances, every day, two steps, arming the spring 18d. When twenty-eight days have elapsed, the index 18c is in a position such that it drives the wheel 24d, thus marking the change of months. The second branch of the index 24b rotates the module 26 with the exception of the star 26d. The jumper 34 is then released. In addition, the jumper 22 is lifted by the cam 24c which allows the wheel 18b to align with the wheel 18a by making a jump equivalent to four days, thus passing from February 28 to March 1. At this time, the truncated toothings of the wheels 18a and 18b are superimposed, and the first tooth is respectively facing the teeth of the wheels 28a and 28b. As a result, during the first three days of March, the wheels 28a and 28b are stationary.

During the month of March, initially, the three truncated teeth pass. Then, the satellite wheel 28d bears on the inner teeth 28h, 28i and 28j and rotates the crowns 28e, 28f and 28g, until the end of the month. During the passage in April, the module 24 is then rotated by the index 18c, so that it occupies a position in which the ring 28 is blocked by the jumper 30.

As explained above, at the beginning of April, the wheels 18a and 18b travel three steps again without cooperating with the wheels 28a and 28b, because of the truncated teeth. Then, as the rings 28e, 28f and 28g were pushed by the satellite wheel 28d bearing against the inner teeth 28k, 28I and 28m, and that the ring 28e is blocked by the jumper 30, the satellite wheel 28d meshes with the tooth 28k, which advances the wheel 28a, which drives the wheel 18a a step further. In this way, the index 18c, secured to the wheel 18a, cooperates with the module 24 on the thirty of the month, making it jump one step. Simultaneously, the jumper 22 is raised, the wheel 18b aligning with the wheel 18a, the needle 19 and passing directly from the thirty to the first.

Module 24 then occupies a position corresponding to the month of May. In this position, none of the jumpers 30, 32 and 34 is solicited. The satellite wheel 28d thus drives the rings 28e, 28f and 28g in rotation. Arrived at thirty-one, the index 18c jumps the module 24 one step, so that it occupies a position corresponding to the month of June. We then find a situation corresponding to that encountered in April. In other words, the jumper 30 blocks the crown 28e, causing an additional jump of a pitch of the wheels 28a and 18a. The index 18c then skips module 24 on the thirty of the month, making it go from June to July.

The month of July is like the month of May with, at thirty-one, a jump from module 24, which passes in August. During this next month, no jumper is requested. The satellite wheel 28d therefore continues to rotate the three rings 28e, 28f and 28g. In thirty-one, the index 18c jumps the module 24 one step, so that it is in the position corresponding to the month of September. In this month again, it is the jumper 30 which blocks the 28th crown. This is why, after the wheels 18a and 18b have made three steps without meshing, they then respectively drive the wheels 28a and 28b, generating an additional jump of the wheel 18a, as has been explained in connection with the situation of the month. April.

In October, the operation is the same as in July, and in November the same as in April.

The situation differs in February leap years, the jumper 32 then blocking the ring 28f, which has only two teeth. This means that wheel 18b will be driven two extra steps and not three during leap years.

It will be noted that the mechanism as just described is schematic. It is obvious to those skilled in the art to develop it so as to adapt it to the other characteristics of the movement in which it is integrated. Numerous variants can, moreover, be envisaged.

For example, the phase shift of the wheel 18a during the month could be done in more days. Thus, by providing the crowns 28e, 28f and 28g respectively with two, four and six teeth, and the wheels 18a and 28a of respectively sixty two and fifty six teeth, the arming of the spring 18d would be respectively in two, four and six days.

The ring 28g, which has three teeth, could be removed, allowing the locking of the two rings 28e and 28f, while ensuring a phase shift of the latter when engaging their respective jumpers.

The wheels 28a and 28b could also have a smaller number of teeth. It suffices that the module 18 is rotated during the number of days necessary to ensure the correction in February of a leap year. In the example described in detail, the training can be done in three days. The wheels 28a and 28b could then be replaced by driven mobiles at a rate of four steps per month, the wheels 18a and 18b being provided with driving fingers to perform this function.

The mechanism as just described takes into account leap years. The same principle can be applied to a simplified mechanism called annual. In this case, the module 26 is deleted. The jumper 34 would then be controlled by a feeder cam associated with the module 24. A correction system could be associated, making it possible to control a setback of one step of the wheel 18a during the month, and thus ensuring the adjustment of the date in February leap years. In the mechanism as described, the satellite wheel 28d cooperates with rings concentrically mounted to the wheels 28a and 28b. This function could also be provided by jumpers controlled by the modules 24 and / or 26, brought or not into the path of the jumping wheel 28d and rotating it by as many steps as necessary to phase shift the wheels 28a and 28b and with them, the wheels 18a and 18b.

Thus, thanks to the characteristics of the timepiece according to the invention, the correction of the automatic correction of the date is made at a rate of at most one additional step per month, which allows to regulate the energy withdrawal.

Claims

1. Timepiece provided with a date mechanism, comprising:

- A timer train, - a display device with a mobile (18b) whose position is a function of the calendar of the month, a correction member (18a, 18d) cooperating with said display device and ensuring its training at the end of the months of less than thirty-one days, characterized in that said mechanism further comprises

an organ of months (24) having a period of one year and comprising a cam advancing in steps, at a rate of one step per month,

a programming element (28), driven by the timer gear and cooperating with the month member (24), and provided with a moving member (28a) cooperating with the correction member (18a) to move it forward during the month, as many steps as the month counts in less than thirty-one days, and in that said correction member comprises an actuating device (18d, 22) connected to the display device ( 18b) to allow him to advance, at the end of the month, the number of steps that the correctional organ was advanced during the month that ends.

2. Timepiece according to claim 1, characterized in that said mechanism further comprises a leap year member (26) cooperating with said programming member during the months of February.

3. Timepiece according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that said correction member comprises a mobile (18a) and a elastic member (18d) connecting said mobile to the display device (18b).

4. Timepiece according to claim 3, characterized in that said programming member comprises: a first wheel (28b) kinematically connected to the display device (18b),

a satellite wheel (28d) carried by the first wheel,

- second (28c) and third (28a) wheels rotatably integral and meshing respectively with said satellite wheel (28d) and the mobile (18a) of the correction member, and

at least one retaining member controlled by said programming member, arranged to be able to be engaged or not on the path traversed by said satellite wheel, for shifting the first and third wheels and, together with them, said programming mobile and the device for display.

5. Timepiece according to claim 4 characterized in that said retaining member is formed of rings (28e, 28f, 28g) arranged concentrically to said first, second and third wheels of the programming member, and jumpers controlled at less by the organ of the months.

6. Timepiece according to claims 2 and 5, characterized in that said jumpers are controlled on the one hand by the organ months, on the other hand by the organ leap years.