EP2447789B1 - Calendar display device and calendar watch - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a calendar display device, especially for a mechanical timepiece comprising a watch movement, comprising a first disc, the disc of the days, carrying a multiple of a series of inscriptions symbolizing the 7 days of the week, a second disc, the disc of the dates, bearing inscriptions symbolizing the date of the month, a third disc, the disc of the months, bearing 12 inscriptions symbolizing the months of the year, one among the disc days and the date disk serving as a dial while being fixed while the other serves as a rotating disk being arranged concentrically and rotatively relative to said dial, the latter comprising a wicket to see the inscription of the current month on the disc of the months which is rotatably housed and is driven by the watch movement of said timepiece, and a needle placed concentrically and rotatively by report to said dial so as to simultaneously indicate the date and the day of the week. The present invention also relates to a timepiece comprising such a calendar display device.

Timepieces comprising such a calendar display belong to the category of so-called complicated timepieces and allow the user to obtain at a glance on the dial of the timepiece the information concerning the timepiece. day, the date, and the month, this having a view of the whole current month. The documents DE 25,267 and US 340,855 are typical examples of this kind of device. These devices have the notable advantage of offering in a very convenient way the information to which day corresponds to which day of the week for a whole month. Since the length of the months is generally not a multiple of 7, the length of a week, these devices have the significant disadvantage of requiring the manual intervention of the user at the beginning of each month in order to readjust the inscriptions on the scale of the days with the inscriptions on the scale of the calendars, otherwise the display of the calendar would not be just anymore.

In the field of the display of the date and, in general, of the calendar data, the mechanisms called by the person skilled in the art "perpetual calendar" are also known. This kind of mechanism is normally preprogrammed by having cams representing the length of months and displays the day, the date, the month, and possibly the year for long periods, sometimes more than 100 years. In most cases, the perpetual calendar mechanisms are used to display the aforementioned data through a plurality of individual counters arranged in the dial of a timepiece. This is also the case of the first embodiment of a watch described in the document EP 1 351 104 . This type of display only shows the calendar data for a single day, and therefore does not have the above-mentioned advantage of providing a one-month overview. For this reason, the second embodiment of a watch described in the document EP 1 351 104 proposes a calendar display device of the type initially mentioned by combining it with a perpetual calendar mechanism, thus adding the advantage of a general view of the calendar data over a whole month. In addition, the device described in this document has the advantage of being equipped with a perpetual calendar mechanism that the inscriptions on the day scale are readjusted automatically at the end of each month with the inscriptions. on the scale of the dates.

The reader realizes however by a detailed study of this document that these two advantages are obtained only thanks to two technical characteristics rather difficult to realize and technically quite complex in their design. Indeed, the operation of the perpetual calendar according to EP 1 351 104 is based on a program wheel bearing a retractable tooth whose movement is managed by a rather complicated kinematics located on this program wheel. In addition, the kinematic chain of the movement according to EP 1 351 104 requires two drive trains managing in a coordinated way but separately, from a driving wheel, the rotation of the month disc and that of the date discs relative to the fixed dial indicating the days of the week.

The document EP 1 351 105 , of the same holder as the document EP 1 351 104 , describes the same device from another point of view and concerns in particular the problem that the calendar display devices of the type mentioned initially, despite the advantage of offering a general view of the data of the calendar on a given month, do not allow not, until the evening of the last day of the current month, to see the calendar of the following month. It is even noted in the introduction to this document that the design of a device of this kind based on a mechanical clockwork would be very difficult.

Therefore, the document EP 1 351 105 of the type of calendar display devices of the type mentioned initially and proposes to separate the disk of the dates into two different disks each carrying about half of the date inscriptions from 1 to 31. The document proposes, in addition, to make turn these two discs relative to each other, by a rather complex kinematics and already mentioned above, depending on the date to be displayed in such a way that the user has a view of the calendar data over a corresponding period at about a month, regardless of whether it is at the beginning or the end of the month. For example, to display a date at the beginning of the month, the first date-of-calendar disc with the dates from 1 to 15 is aligned with respect to the second date-of-calendar disc with the dates from 16 to 31 so that the numbers from 1 to 31 are arranged in ascending order, whereas to display a date by the end of the month, the position of the first date disc carrying the dates of 1 to 15 is modified with respect to the second disc of the dates bearing the dates of 16 to 31 so that the numbers from 1 to 15 follow the numbers from 16 to 31, the whole being, in both cases, adjusted to the dial indicating the days of the week.

This brief explanation suggests that the solution of documents EP 1 351 104 and EP 1 351 105 on the one hand, to obtain an automatic adjustment of the scales of the days of the week and that of the calendars at the beginning of each month and, on the other hand, to avoid the inconvenience of the calendar display devices of the type mentioned in beginning of this introduction to not allow an extended view on the calendar data towards the end of the month is quite complex in its design, difficult to achieve, expensive in production, and even removes partially, because of using two separate discs for the date, the main interest or even the aesthetics of this kind of device.

Apart from the devices according to the above-mentioned documents, which nevertheless have the major drawbacks explained above, the prior art does not so far apparently include a mechanism which makes it possible, using relatively simple means, to realize the two advantages mentioned above in a calendar display device of the type mentioned at the beginning, namely, on the one hand, an automatic indexing of the scales of the days and the calendars at the beginning of each month and, on the other hand, the possibility of an extended view of calendar data at any time, even towards the end of the month. In view of the currently known prior art, there is then the need to have such a device to achieve these benefits through simpler means of design, easier to achieve, and less expensive to produce.

The object of the present invention is therefore to overcome the drawbacks of known calendar display devices and to achieve the aforementioned advantages, in particular to allow the realization of a calendar display device allowing, on the one hand, an indexing automatic scales of days and dates at the beginning of each month and, on the other hand, an extended view of the calendar data at any time, including at the end of the month, without increasing the complexity, the volume busy, even the cost of producing the device and while keeping the main interest and aesthetics of the mechanism.

For this purpose, the present invention proposes a calendar display device of the aforementioned type, especially for a mechanical timepiece comprising a watch movement, which is distinguished by the features set forth in claim 1, or even a piece of corresponding watchmaking. In particular, a device according to the present invention comprises a correction mechanism cooperating at least with a drive train driving the disc months from the watch movement of said timepiece, said mechanism comprising means for advancing and roll back the disc months so that you can change the month displayed on the dial bidirectionally.

These means for advancing and reversing the disk months advantageously comprise, on the one hand, a correction star integral with a correction wheel meshing with said drive train and, on the other hand, a first - and a second correction lever actuated by pushers of the timepiece. Each actuation of these pushers then causes a rotation of the disk months of 1/12 of a turn forward respectively backwards, to change bidirectionally the month displayed on the dial.

By these measures, we obtain a timepiece that allows the user to have a general view of the calendar data for the entire current month, the user being free at any time to choose the displayed month and consult, like a calendar, the calendar data of another month by pressing the corresponding buttons to advance or retreat the displayed month. Compared to the mechanisms of the prior art, the device according to the present invention makes it possible to achieve these advantages by means of simple and elegant means and maintains the aesthetics of this kind of mechanism.

Preferably, when said timepiece comprises only a drive train for controlling the disc of the months and the rotating disc from the watch movement of said timepiece, a device according to the present invention comprises in plus a direct kinematic link between the disc of the months and said rotating disc so as to make the indexing between the inscriptions on this rotating disc and the inscriptions on the automatic dial in function of the displayed month, that is to say, simultaneously with the aforementioned modification of the month displayed on the dial, the automatic indexing between the scales of days and days for the month newly displayed on the dial.

It is particularly advantageous to arrange the direct kinematic link between the disc of the months and the rotating disc so that it comprises two separate parts that manage said automatic indexing, in brief one for the month of February leap years and the other for all other months and years.

By these measures, it is possible to control by means of a single gear and directly from the disk of the months the rotating disk, whether it is the date disk or the disk of the days, and one thus obtains an automatic indexing by relatively simple means of design and easy to achieve or even produce.

Alternatively, when said timepiece comprises two separate drive trains separately controlling the disc of the months and the rotating disc from the watch movement of said timepiece, said correction mechanism is arranged in such a way as to simultaneously cooperate with said drive train driving the disc months and with a second drive train driving the rotating disc from the watch movement of the timepiece, so that the means to move forward and moving back said mechanism simultaneously control the disc of the months and the rotating disc so as to make indexing between the inscriptions on this rotating disc and the inscriptions on the automatic dial according to the displayed month.

In a particularly interesting variant of the mechanism it is the second disk, the date disk, which forms the fixed dial, said first disk, the disk days, being arranged as a ring that can rotate around said dial. Alternatively, the inverse constellation is also possible. Said third disk, the disk of the months, is normally arranged as a ring placed concentrically and rotatively beneath said dial. Therefore, the device can be declined in several embodiments and therefore has a flexibility at the technical and aesthetic level.

Other features, as well as the corresponding advantages, will emerge from the dependent claims, as well as from the description which sets forth the invention in more detail.

• La figure 1 montre une vue schématique de dessus de l'ensemble des affichages au cadran d'un dispositif d'affichage du calendrier selon la présente invention.
• Les figures 2a et 2b représentent des vues en perspective du dispositif illustré à la figure 1 de deux points de vue différents, le cadran formé par le disque des quantièmes étant enlevé pour laisser apparaître les parties en dessous.
• La figure 3 est une vue en perspective agrandie d'une partie du dispositif illustré à la figure 2 montrant plus en détail le train d'entraînement du disque des mois.
• La figure 4 est une vue en perspective agrandie d'une partie du dispositif illustré à la figure 2 montrant plus en détail la première partie du lien cinématique direct entre le disque des mois et ledit disque rotatif.
• La figure 5 est une vue de dessus agrandie d'une partie du dispositif illustré à la figure 2 montrant plus en détail la deuxième partie du lien cinématique direct entre le disque des mois et ledit disque rotatif.
• Les figures 6a et 6b illustrent par des vues de dessus schématiques le fonctionnement de la deuxième partie dudit lien cinématique direct lors d'une année normale.
• Les figures 7a et 7b illustrent par des vues de dessus schématiques le fonctionnement de la deuxième partie dudit lien cinématique direct lors d'une année bissextile.
• Les figures 8a, 8b, et 8c représentent des vues de dessus schématiques illustrant plus en détail le fonctionnement de la deuxième partie dudit lien cinématique direct au niveau de sa coopération entre la goupille du disque des mois et l'étoile à quatre dents respectivement le sautoir correspondant dudit lien cinématique, certaines pièces étant illustrées de façon transparente afin de faciliter la compréhension.
• La figure 9 est une vue de dessus agrandie et schématique d'une partie du mécanisme de correction montrant plus en détail les premier - et deuxième leviers de correction.
• Les figures 10a, 10b, 10c, et 10d représentent des vues de dessus schématiques illustrant plus en détail les différentes phases du fonctionnement du mécanisme de correction lors d'une opération d'avance d'un mois.
• Les figures 11a, 11b, 11c, et 11d représentent des vues de dessus schématiques illustrant plus en détail les différentes phases du fonctionnement du mécanisme de correction lors d'une opération de retour d'un mois.

The accompanying drawings show schematically and by way of example an embodiment of the invention.

• The figure 1 shows a schematic top view of all the dial displays of a calendar display device according to the present invention.
• The Figures 2a and 2b represent perspective views of the device illustrated in figure 1 from two different points of view, the dial formed by the date disc being removed to reveal the parts below.
• The figure 3 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of the device shown in FIG. figure 2 showing in more detail the disk drive train of the months.
• The figure 4 is an enlarged perspective view of a portion of the device shown in FIG. figure 2 showing in greater detail the first part of the direct kinematic link between the disc of months and said rotating disc.
• The figure 5 is an enlarged top view of a portion of the device shown in FIG. figure 2 showing in greater detail the second part of the direct kinematic link between the disc of months and said rotating disc.
• The Figures 6a and 6b illustrate with schematic top views the operation of the second part of said direct kinematic link in a normal year.
• The Figures 7a and 7b illustrate by schematic top views the operation of the second part of said direct kinematic link during a leap year.
• The Figures 8a, 8b, and 8c represent schematic top views illustrating in more detail the operation of the second part of said direct kinematic link at the level of its cooperation between the disc pin of the months and the four-tooth star respectively the corresponding jumper of said kinematic link, certain parts being illustrated in a transparent way to facilitate understanding.
• The figure 9 is an enlarged and schematic top view of a portion of the correction mechanism showing in more detail the first - and second correction levers.
• The Figures 10a, 10b, 10c, and 10d represent schematic top views illustrating in more detail the different phases of the operation of the correction mechanism during a one-month advance operation.
• The Figures 11a, 11b, 11c, and 11d are schematic top views illustrating in more detail the different phases of the operation of the correction mechanism in a one-month return operation.

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings illustrating by way of example an embodiment of a calendar display device according to the present invention.

As schematically illustrated in figure 1 , a calendar display device according to the present invention is intended to be integrated in a mechanical timepiece comprising a conventional clockwork movement and belongs to the category of mechanisms allowing the user to have a view of the data. of the calendar over a given month. In particular, this kind of device can match the calendar of the month with the days of the week.

The device according to the invention comprises for this purpose the conventional parts of a device of this kind, namely a first disc 1, the disc of the days, which carries a multiple of a series of inscriptions symbolizing the 7 days of the week, and a second disc 2, the date disc, which carries inscriptions symbolizing the day of the month. One 1, 2 of the disc of the days 1 and the date disc 2 serves as a dial and is fixedly mounted while the other of the two discs 2, 1 serves as a rotary disk being arranged concentrically and rotatively relative audit dial.

The figure 1 shows an example of a device according to the present invention wherein said second disk 2, the date disk, forms the fixed dial. The first disc 1, the disc of the days, is arranged as a ring that can rotate around the disc of the dates used as a dial. Variations of this arrangement will be discussed in detail following the detailed description of this embodiment of the device. Furthermore, the term disk is used in this text generically, since the corresponding parts can actually be arranged as a disk but can also have the shape of a ring. Similarly, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the inscriptions on the disks can take a large number of different forms without changing the scope of the present invention. For example, the dates can actually be represented by the numbers 1 to 31 or, as illustrated in the figures, by a series of numbers from 1 to 31 in which the odd numbers are replaced by symbols to save space, or again by other symbols representative of the dates. The same applies to the disc of days, whose symbols may consist for example of a series of initials of the days of the week when Sunday can be marked in a particular way, as illustrated in the figure 1 , or in another series of symbols representative of the days of the week.

In addition, a device according to the present invention comprises a third disk 3, the disc of the months, which preferably bears 12 inscriptions symbolizing the months of the year, whose arrangement can obviously also be modified in analogy to the remarks above. The disk months is rotatably housed under this dial and is normally driven at a rate of 1/12 turn per month by the timepiece movement of the timepiece. The dial has a window 2.1 through which the user can see the inscription on the disc of months 3 corresponding to the month to display. Similarly, and in analogy with the remarks made above on this subject, the disc of the months 3 is preferably arranged as a ring which is placed concentrically and rotatively beneath said dial.

In the preferred embodiment of the device illustrated in the figures, the ring respectively the disc of days 1 carries on its periphery 5 times the series of inscriptions symbolizing the 7 days of the week, so 35 inscriptions, on 35 equidistant angular sectors . The date disc 2, that is to say here the dial, carries its inscriptions symbolizing the date of the month from 1 to 31 also on its periphery on 31 equidistant angular sectors of the same angular dimension as the sectors on the first disc 1 , as is apparent in particular from the figure 1 . The window 2.1 through which the user sees the inscription of the current month on the third disc 3 is located on the periphery of the dial 2 between the first and the last inscription for the dates and occupies an angular dimension corresponding to 4 other angular sectors equidistant from the same angular dimension as the sectors on the disk days 1. This arrangement of the dial 2 is particularly advantageous for the user in terms of aesthetics and clarity of the presentation of information on the calendar data. Other variations are however possible and will be briefly mentioned following the detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the calendar display device.

In order to simultaneously indicate the current date and the day of the week, a device according to the present invention further comprises a needle 4 which is placed concentrically and rotatively relative to said dial. This needle 4 normally advances one step per day, except between the last day of a month and the first of the following month, and indicates the current day and date. Since the drive as well as the correction of the position of this needle 4 belong to the state of the art, they will not be described here and are not illustrated in the figures either.

The embodiment of the device illustrated in figure 1 also includes a display of the current year type, indicating whether the year currently displayed is a leap year or a normal year. Alternatively, or additionally, the device could also include a display of the number of the current year by providing for example a corresponding counter. Moreover, other indications such as the indication of the current time via the hours, minutes and seconds hands, the indication of the phases of the moon, etc., can obviously be integrated into a room. corresponding timepieces, but are not illustrated in the figures so as not to weigh them down. Their integration is indeed conventional and does not relate to the present invention.

The figure 2 represents a perspective view of the device shown in FIG. figure 1 on which the dial formed by the date disc 2 is removed in order to reveal the parts below. In this figure, the ring forming the disc of the days 1 and rotating around the non-illustrated dial 2 is clearly visible, such as the ring forming the disc of months 3 located below said dial. It can be seen that the disk of the months 3 has at its inner circumference two internal teeth 3.1, 3.2 arranged on two different thickness levels. The first internal toothing 3.1 of the disk of the months 3 cooperates with a drive train 6 which makes it possible to drive this disk 3 and whose structure and operation will be described in more detail later with reference to FIG. figure 3 .

Indeed, the disk of the months 3 is driven, at the desired speed, by the timepiece movement of said timepiece via the drive train 6. The rest of the mobiles respectively of the watch movement can to be quite conventional, the figure 3 shows only said drive train 6 from a drive finger 6.1 which is driven by said watch movement so as to perform, in the illustrated embodiment, a complete revolution per month. This training finger 6.1 then drives once a month a first intermediate drive wheel 6.2 which meshes with a cam wheel 6.3 carrying a cam 6.4 months whose function will become clearer later. The cam wheel 6.3 drives a second intermediate drive wheel 6.5 secured to a third intermediate drive wheel 6.6. The latter meshes with a drive gear 6.7 carrying a drive wheel 6.8 which meshes with the first internal toothing 3.1 of the disk months 3, so that the latter performs a rotation of 1/12 turn per month. The tooth ratios of the different wheels and pinions can be selected by equipping for example the first intermediate drive wheel 6.2 with a toothing of 12 teeth, the cam wheel 6.3 with 48 teeth, the second - 6.5 and the third wheel of intermediate drive 6.6 with 10 respectively 30 teeth, and the drive gear 6.7 and the drive wheel 6.8 with 10 respectively 40 teeth, this for 144 teeth on said first internal gear 3.1 of the disc of the months 3, which will produce the result above.

Furthermore, it should be noted that the drive train 6 or its components described above are the preferred embodiment, but they could have any other structure to obtain a suitable drive disc months 3 the invention does not reside in this part of the device. Thus, the aforementioned reports could of course be chosen differently, especially in case the disc of months 3 would for example 24 instead of 12 entries and should therefore be driven at the rate of 1 / 24th turn per month.

Referring again to the figure 2 it is noted that a device according to the present invention comprises, unlike the mechanisms of the prior art, a direct kinematic link 7, 8 between the disc of the months 3 and the rotary disc 1, 2, in the illustrated case the disc of days 1. This direct kinematic link 7, 8 makes it possible to make the indexing between the inscriptions on this rotary disc 1, 2 and the inscriptions on the dial 2, 1, thus the indexing between the days of the week and the calendars, automatic depending on the month displayed. As visible on the figure 2 a part of said direct kinematic link 7, 8 cooperates with said second internal toothing 3.2 of the disk of months 3.

In order to describe in more detail the structure and the operation of this direct kinematic link 7, 8 between the disk of the months 3 and the said rotary disk 1, 2, it is firstly necessary to note at the figure 2 it comprises two separate parts 7, 8 which have distinct functions becoming clearer by the following explanations.

A first portion 7 of said direct kinematic link, illustrated in greater detail by an enlarged perspective view at the figure 4 , comprises a first connecting pinion 7.1 capable of meshing with said second internal toothing 3.2 of the disc of months 3. This first pinion gear 7.1 is connected to a first intermediate connecting wheel 7.2 driving a second intermediate connecting wheel 7.3 carrying a second pinion 7.4 which meshes in turn with an internal toothing 1.1 of the rotary disk 1, 2, so in the case illustrated in the figures of the disk days 1. A rotation of the disc of the months 3 will then automatically cause, except for the February as it will become clear later in the description, a rotation of the rotary disc 1, 2, in the illustrated example of the disc of the days 1, compared to the dial 2, 1.

As visible at figure 2 said second internal toothing 3.2 of the disc of months 3 comprises for this purpose 12 equidistant angular sectors each comprising, except the sector corresponding to the month of February, a succession of notches 3.2.1 and teeth 3.2.2 adapted to allow advance the rotating disk 1, 2 by driving the disk of the months 3 so that the indexing between the inscriptions on this rotary disk 1, 2 and the inscriptions on the dial 2, 1 is done automatically according to the month displayed.

It will be easy to understand the operation of this first part 7 of said direct kinematic link and its cooperation with the disc of months 3 respectively with the second internal toothing 3.2 of the latter, remembering that this mechanism performs an automatic indexing to adjust the indications. on the rotating disc 1, 2 compared to the indications on the dial 2, 1, since the length of the months is in general not a multiple of 7, the length of a week. As a result, it is necessary when changing display month, to adjust the rotating disk 1, 2 by turning it relative to the fixed dial 2, 1 in order to put the days correctly in correspondence with the dates of the new month to be displayed. As is apparent from the figure 1 it is then possible, for the preferred embodiment illustrated in the figures, to rotate the disk of days 1, after the end of a month of 31 days, by an angle corresponding to 4 angular sectors equidistant from the first disk 1 , this in the clockwise direction. Alternatively, it is also possible to turn the disc of days 1 in the counterclockwise direction, in this case an angle corresponding to 3 equidistant angular sectors. After the end of a month of 30 days, 29 days, and 28 days, this disc must then rotate, clockwise, corresponding to 3, 2 respectively 1 equidistant angular sectors, or, in the anti direction -clockwise, a rotation corresponding to 2, 1 respectively 0 sectors, that is to say no rotation in the latter case, in order to allow a correct adjustment between the indications of the rotary disc 1, 2 and those of the dial 2, 1.

Since a counter-clockwise rotation requires a path to be traveled by the shorter rotary disk 1 and therefore has a more favorable energy balance than a clockwise rotation, the first solution of a rotational adjustment counterclockwise is preferred and illustrated in the figures. Nevertheless, it is possible for those skilled in the art, in view of the technical instruction of the present description, to also perform the second solution of a clockwise adjustment. To perform the first solution of a counterclockwise rotation of the rotary disc 1, 2 during readjustment, the 12 equidistant angular sectors of said second internal toothing 3.2 of the disk of the months 3 are arranged in such a way as to cause, via of the mobile described above of the first part 7 of the direct kinematic link, a rotation of 3, 2, 1 respectively 0 not of the rotary disc 1, 2 at the end of a month of 31, 30, 29, respectively 28 days , a pitch corresponding to an angular distance from one of said equidistant angular sectors of the first disk 1. Since only the month of February of a leap year has 29 days and no adjustment is necessary for the months of February of a normal year with 28 days, the 12 sectors angular equidistant from said second internal toothing 3.2 of the disk months 3 each comprise, except the sector corresponding to February, a succession of notches 3.2.1 and teeth 3.2.2 adapted to allow to advance the rotary disc 1, 2, following the driving of the disc of the months 3 by the drive train 6 and through the first part 7 of the direct kinematic link described above, a corresponding number of steps. Thus, a sector of said second internal toothing 3.2 of the disc of month 3 corresponding to a month of 31 days comprises 3 notches 3.2.1 and 2 teeth 3.2.2, a sector of said second internal toothing 3.2 of the disc of months 3 corresponding to a month of 30 days includes 2 notches 3.2.1 and 1 tooth 3.2.2, and the sector of said second internal toothing 3.2 of the disc of months 3 corresponding to the month of February is devoid of notches and teeth. It remains to be noted that, depending on the location of the first part 7 of the direct kinematic link on the inner periphery of the disc of the months 3, the 12 equidistant angular sectors of said second internal toothing 3.2 of the disc of the months 3 are not necessarily aligned with the corresponding inscriptions on the upper surface of the disc of months 3, as is also the case with figure 2 .

In order to ensure a drive of the rotary disk 1, 2 as desired and corresponding to the arrangement described above of the second toothing 3.2 of the disc of the months 3, the first pinion 7.1 and the second pinion gear 7.4 of the first part 7 of the direct kinematic link may for example have 6 teeth or 9 teeth respectively, while said first intermediate link wheel 7.2 and said second intermediate link wheel 7.3 have a toothing of 20 teeth respectively 10, the internal toothing 1.1 of the rotary disc having 105 teeth, corresponding to 3 teeth on each of its 35 equidistant angular sectors illustrated in FIG. figure 2 . It is obvious to those skilled in the art that these teeth respectively the corresponding reduction ratios can be modified as far as the drive of the rotary disk 1, 2 is carried out as described above.

The explanations above show that a rotation of the disc of the months 3 caused by the watchmaking movement of the watch part at the end of each month will automatically cause, except for the month of February, a rotation of the rotating disc 1 , 2, in the illustrated example of the disk of the days 1, with respect to the dial 2, 1 so that the inscriptions on the rotary disc 1, 2 are again correctly adjusted with respect to the inscriptions on the dial 2, 1.

As regards said first part 7 of the direct kinematic link, it should be noted that it still comprises decoupling means 7.5, preferably a friction clutch mechanism. These decoupling means 7.5 are for example placed between the first connecting pinion 7.1 and the first intermediate connecting wheel 7.2, as visible in FIG. figure 4 , and make it possible to drive the rotating disc 1, 2 independently of said first part 7 of the direct kinematic link. In particular, they allow a rotation of the rotating disc 1, 2 independently of a rotation of the first connecting pinion 7.1 whose teeth block its rotation when they slide on the equidistant angular sector on the second toothing 3.2 of the disk of the months 3 corresponding to the February, since this area is smooth. The function of these decoupling means 7.5 will become clearer in the following description.

With reference to the figure 5 , we turn now to the description of the second part 8 of the direct kinematic link which is also represented in the figure 2 . This second part 8 of said direct kinematic link comprises a star with four teeth 8.1 adapted to cooperate with a pin 3.3 fixed on the disc of the months 3. The star 8.1 is integral with a first intermediate return 8.2 meshing with a second intermediate return 8.3 which is secured to an actuating finger 8.4. The latter is adapted to mesh with the internal toothing 1.1 of the rotary disk 1, 2 so that, at each fourth actuation of the star 8.1 by the disk of the months 3, this rotary disk 1, 2 is advanced by one not. As can be seen from the enlarged top view at figure 5 , the first - and second intermediate references 8.2, 8.3 may for this purpose have each 12 teeth. Other possibilities are obviously available to the skilled person, but the number of teeth on these gears 8.2, 8.3 and on the star 8.1 must be a multiple of 4, so that the star to four teeth 8.1 and the actuating finger 8.4 make a quarter of a turn each actuation.

The operation of this second part 8 of the direct kinematic link is easily understood by means of the Figures 6a and 6b respectively 7a and 7b which illustrate in schematic top views the operating steps of the second part of the device in a normal year respectively in a leap year. Indeed, the above description has shown that the automatic indexing between the rotary disk 1, 2 and the dial 2, 1 is performed by the first part 7 of the direct kinematic link with regard to the months comprising 31 or 30 days and is not necessary - at least for the preferred counter-clockwise adjustment solution - for the months of February of a normal year, the length of that month being a multiple of 7, number of days of the week. During the normal operation of the device respectively of the timepiece being equipped, the second part 8 of the direct kinematic link then effectively enters into action only at the end of February of a leap year, the only case one month of 29 days requiring adjustment of the rotating disc 1, 2 of 1 step, as explained above.

The pin 3.3 fixed on the disc of the months 3 advances in fact every month, when the disk of the months 3 is driven by the drive train 6, an angular distance corresponding to one of the 12 equidistant angular sectors on the disk of the months 3. In a normal year and as schematically illustrated in Figures 6a and 6b , this pin 3.3 is, at the end of February, near the second part 8 of the direct kinematic link. At this point, when the month 3 disc is driven from February to March, the pin 3.3 moves along the symbolically indicated path by an arrow at the end of the month. figure 6a and cooperates with a tooth of the four-tooth star 8.1, causing it to rotate a quarter of a turn in the direction of the arrow indicated in FIG. figure 6a . Via the first and second intermediate references 8.2, 8.3, this causes rotation of the actuating finger 8.4 by a quarter of a turn, in the direction of the arrow indicated in FIG. figure 6a at each actuation of the four-tooth star 8.1, that is to say once a year during normal operation of the device respectively of the timepiece being equipped. The figure 6b shows the position of the parts after turning a quarter turn in the first year of operation. As is clear from the Figures 6a and 6b the operating finger 8.4 rotates in the first, second, and third year of operation, causing no change in the position of the rotating disk 1, 2, since for these years it is a question of a 28-day month requiring no adjustment.

After rotating three-quarters of a turn for the first three years of normal operation, the parts are in a position as illustrated in figure 7a . When the disc of the months 3 is driven by the training train 6 in the fourth year, a leap year so, to go from the display of the month of February to March, the pin 3.3 cooperates again with a tooth of the four-toothed star 8.1 and causes it to rotate a quarter of a turn, so that the driving finger 8.4 again rotates a quarter of a turn and completes its rotation by one complete revolution. Four years. Not rotating in the vacuum this time, the drive finger 8.4 meshes with the toothing 1.1 of the rotary disc 1 and drives the latter three teeth, in the example of the teeth described above, that is to say say an angular distance corresponding to 1 not even one of the 35 equidistant angular sectors of the rotary disc 1, 2. This adjustment is possible independently of the first part 7 of the direct kinematic link because of the decoupling means 7.5 mentioned above . In particular, the latter can decouple the rotation of the rotating disk 1, 2 at the end of February a leap year 7.1 pinion which remains stationary in this case because blocked by the sliding of its teeth on the smooth sector of month disc 3.

Thus, the inscriptions on the rotating disk 1, 2 and the inscriptions on the dial 2, 1 are also indexed automatically for the month of February of a leap year. Here it can be seen that the device described above or even a timepiece equipped with a device according to the present invention make it possible to offer the user a completely automatic indexing between the inscriptions on this rotary disk 1, 2 and the inscriptions on the dial 2, 1 according to the month displayed. Thanks to the two parts 7, 8 of the direct kinematic link, this is the case for the normal years as well as for the leap years, the device thus realizing a perpetual calendar mechanism. In addition, these advantages are achieved using relatively simple mechanical means of design and easy to produce, including using a single train drive between the movement of the timepiece and the disc of the months 3, the rotating disk 1, 2 being then simply controlled from the disk of the months.

It remains to be mentioned as regards the second part 8 of the direct kinematic link that at least one of said intermediate references 8.2, 8.3 comprises a set of teeth 8.2.1 capable of cooperating with a jumper 8.5. The latter is intended to maintain the star with four teeth 8.1 in its rest position, which is important during the operation described above to prevent unintentional rotation of the rotating disc 1, 2. In addition, said at least one of said intermediate references 8.2, 8.3 is arranged in such a way that the jumper 8.5 returns this intermediate return 8.2, 8.3 with which it cooperates, after actuation of the star 8.1 by said pin 3.3 fixed on the disk of the months 3, in a position such that the teeth 8.1.1, 8.1.2 of the four-toothed star 8.1 oriented towards the disc of the month 3 are always in the path of said pin 3.3, regardless of the direction of rotation of the disc months.

This is achieved by virtue of the fact that the teeth of said at least one intermediate return 8.2, 8.3 as well as the tip of said jumper 8.5 are arranged so that, after the actuation of the four-toothed star 8.1 by the pin 3.3, that is to say after a rotation of a quarter turn of the star 8.1, the jumper 8.5 does not do not skip the tip of the last tooth of the corresponding reference, but bring this return or even the star to four teeth 8.1 a small angular distance back. The jumper 8.5 thus brings back the star to four teeth 8.1 in a rest position in which the pin 3.3 will actuate in any case one of the teeth of the star 8.1, independently if the pin 3.3 or the disc of the months 3 turns into the clockwise or counterclockwise. The different phases of this cooperation between the teeth 8.2.1 of the corresponding reference 8.2, 8.3 and the jumper 8.5 are schematically illustrated in FIGS. Figures 8a to 8c . To the figure 8a , the pin 3.3 has driven the star to four teeth 8.1 a quarter turn, but it has not yet cleared the last tooth of the star 8.1 which is in its path, since the disc of month 3 has not yet made a complete step. To the figure 8b pin 3.3 is emerging from this last tooth, the disc of months 3 continuing its rotation. The part circled at figure 8b shows that the point of the jumper 8.5 does not pass on the other side of the tooth on which the jumper 8.5 is engaged during this phase of the movement. Finally, at the figure 8c we see the rest position in which the jumper 8.5 brought back the star to four teeth 8.1 in cooperation with the tooth on which it pressed the figure 8b , the directions of movement to Figures 8a to 8c being symbolized by arrows. This rest position corresponds to the position visible at the figure 8a . In this position, the teeth 8.1.1, 8.1.2 of the four-toothed star 8.1 oriented towards the disc of the months 3 are always in the path of said pin 3.3, regardless of the direction of rotation of the disk months. The purpose of this feature will become clearer in the following description.

Indeed, a calendar display device according to the present invention preferably further comprises a correction mechanism 9, 10 whose structure and operation will be described later with reference to figures 9 , 10a to 10d , and 11a to 11d .

This correction mechanism 9, 10 cooperates, in its preferred embodiment, with said drive train 6 driving the disc of months 3 from the watch movement of said timepiece. In particular, said mechanism 9, 10 comprises means for advancing and retreating the disc of the months 3 so as to be able to modify bidirectionally the month displayed on the dial 2, 1. Preferably, and as schematically illustrated in FIG. figure 9 said means for advancing and reversing the disk of the months 3 comprise, on the one hand, a correction star 9.1 integral with a correction wheel 9.2 meshing with said drive train 6 driving the disk of the months 3. For example, the correction star 9.1 may have 12 teeth and the correction wheel 9.2 a tooth of 36 teeth which meshes with the drive gear 6.7 mentioned in the description of the drive train 6. Of course, the man of the art could choose another location of this mobile and / or another gear ratio depending on the arrangement of the participating wheels. On the other hand, these means for advancing and reversing the disc of months 3 comprise a first - 10.1 and a second correction levers 10.2 actuated by pressure and causing, when actuated, a rotation of the correction star 9.1 in the direction anti-clockwise or hourly respectively causing in this manner the disc of months 3 of 1/12 turn forward respectively back each time one of said levers 10.1, 10.2 is actuated. In particular, the actuation of the first 10.1 and the second correction levers 10.2 causes, via an intermediate lever 10.3, the lifting of a large lever 10.4 cooperating with said cam 6.4 months located on the wheel of Cam 6.4 in the drive train 6 driving the disc of the months 3. Thus, the gear of said drive train 6 is released during the correction of the displayed month while the drive train 6 and the disk of the months 3 are secured by a corresponding jumper not shown in the figures, when none of the levers 10.1, 10.2 is actuated. The user can then, by operating one of said levers 10.1, 10.2, bidirectionally change the month displayed on the dial 2, 1 in order to consult, in the manner of a calendar, the calendar data for the month that he wants to display.

The series of Figures 10a, 10b, 10c, and 10d represents schematic top views illustrating in more detail the different phases of the operation of the correction mechanism 9, 10 during a one-month advance operation. The figure 10a shows the position of rest or departure of the parts forming part of the correction mechanism 9, 10. figure 10b schematically represents the position of the parts when the user begins to press the first correction lever 10.1, causing it to pivot about its axis 10.1.1 and the displacement of its free end 10.1.2. The latter pushes the intermediate lever 10.3, for example by means of a first pin 10.3.2 secured to said intermediate lever 10.3, so that it pivots about its axis 10.3.1. This pivoting causes, for example using another pin 10.4.3 secured to the large rocker 10.4, the lifting of this large rocker 10.4 which pivots about its axis 10.4.1 and is normally prestressed against the cam months 6.4. Indeed, this flip-flop 10.4 is part of the perpetual calendar mechanism further comprising a month-end cam, a pawl, said large flip-flop 10.4 and the cam 6.4 months, this mechanism is not described here in more detail because n not being the subject of the present invention as well as known to those skilled in the art. The large flip-flop 10.4 cooperates with the cam of the months 6.4 located on the cam wheel 6.3 in the drive train 6 driving the disk of the months 3 so as to manage, according to the depth of the notches of the cam of the months 6.4, the length of the months in the manner known in the art. Said lifting of this large rocker 10.4 causes the release of the cam 6.4 months, the finger 10.4.2 of the large rocker 10.4 out of one of the slots of the cam 6.4 months, as visible in the figure 10b . The figure 10c then shows, once the drive train 6 is released and the user continues to press the first correction lever 10.1, that the free end 10.1.2 of the first lever 10.1 continues to advance until it meshes with the toothing of the correction star 9.1 to turn it, at the end of its stroke, by 1/12 of a turn in the counter-clockwise direction, represented symbolically by an arrow at the figure 10c . This actuation of the correction star 9.1 causes, via the correction wheel 9.2 and the drive train 6 visible on the figure 9 , an advance of 1/12 turn of the disc of the months 3, thus a modification of the display of the month, as well as, by via the direct kinematic link 7, 8, an automatic adjustment between the inscriptions on the rotary disk 1, 2 and those on the dial 2, 1, therefore an automatic adjustment between the day and the date displayed so that they correspond to the month currently displayed. The figure 10d finally represents the position of the different pieces once the user no longer presses on the first correction lever 10.1, the correction mechanism having found its starting position illustrated in FIG. figure 10a .

Analogously, the series of Figures 11a, 11b, 11c, and 11d represents schematic top views illustrating in more detail the different phases of the operation of the correction mechanism 9, 10 during a return operation of one month. Again, the figure 11 a shows the position of rest or departure of the parts forming part of the correction mechanism 9, 10. figure 11b schematically represents the position of the parts when the user begins to press the second correction lever 10.2, causing it to pivot about its axis 10.2.1 and the displacement of its free end 10.2.2. The latter pushes the intermediate lever 10.3, for example by means of a second pin 10.3.3 secured to said intermediate lever 10.3, so that it pivots about its axis 10.3.1. This pivoting causes again, using the pin 10.4.3 secured to the large rocker 10.4, the lifting of this large rocker 10.4 by rotating it about its axis 10.4.1. The lifting of this large rocker 10.4 causes as in the case of the advance of one month the release of the cam 6.4 months because the finger 10.4.2 of the big rocker 10.4 out of one of the notches of the cam months 6.4. The figure 11c then shows, once the drive train 6 is released and the user continues to press the second correction lever 10.2, that the free end 10.2.2 of the lever 10.2 continues to advance until it meshes with the toothing of the correction star 9.1 to turn it, at the end of its race, by 1/12 turn, this time clockwise. Again, the directions of the movements are represented symbolically by arrows at the figure 11 vs. This actuation of the correction star 9.1 causes, by via the correction wheel 9.2 and the drive train 6 visible at the figure 9 , a return of 1/12 turn of the disc of the months 3, thus a modification of the display of the month, as well as, via the direct kinematic link 7, 8, an automatic adjustment between the inscriptions on the rotating disc 1, 2 and those on the dial 2, 1, so an automatic adjustment between the day and the date displayed so that they correspond to the currently displayed month. The figure 11d finally represents the position of the different pieces once the user no longer bears on the second correction lever 10.2, the correction mechanism having found its starting position illustrated in FIG. figure 11a .

It remains to be added here that the various parts such as the levers 10.1, 10.2 and 10.3, 10.4 rockers are obviously prestressed, for example by means of corresponding springs, their rest positions, these prestressing means not being illustrated in FIGS. figures in order to lighten them. Similarly, it should be noted that the large rocker 10.4 is obviously also raised by non-illustrated means, the cam 6.4 months during normal operation of the device, that is to say when the disc months 3 is advanced by a movement of the timepiece instead of being corrected manually by the user using the correction levers.

Finally, it should be noted in the context of the correction mechanism 9, 10 that the solution described above concerns the case where the timepiece comprises only a drive train 6 to control the disc of the months. 3 and the rotary disc 1, 2 from the timepiece movement of said timepiece, that is to say when the device comprises a direct kinematic link 7, 8 between the disc of months 3 and said rotating disc 1, 2. Without it being necessary to describe this variant in detail, it will be clear to those skilled in the art having the technical instruction of the present invention that said drive train 6 to control the disc of months 3 and the rotating disc 1, 2 from the watch movement of said timepiece could also be arranged to drive first the rotating disc, said kinematic link direct 7, 8 then driving the disc of months 3 from said rotating disc. This then represents the inverse constellation of the preferred embodiment discussed in detail above. In this case, the drive train 6 and the correction mechanism 9, 10 described above must be adapted in analogy to the explanations given above, which is within the reach of the skilled person in possession. of this technical instruction. In particular, the correction mechanism 9, 10 could for example act only indirectly, via the kinematic link 7, 8, on the disc of the months 3, instead of dragging it directly to the using the drive train 6 as in the case described in detail above,

Likewise, it is in principle also conceivable to replace such a single drive train 6 of the disk of months 3 or even of the rotary disk 1, 2 in combination with the direct kinematic link 7, 8 by two separate drive trains controlling separately the disc of the months 3 and the rotating disc 1, 2 from the watch movement of said timepiece. In this case, the correction mechanism 9, 10 described above must be adapted in analogy to the explanations given and will be arranged to co-operate simultaneously with said drive train 6 driving the disc of months 3 as well as with a second drive train driving the rotating disc 1, 2 from the watch movement of the timepiece. In this way, the means for moving forward and backward of said mechanism 9, 10 simultaneously control the disc of the months 3 and the rotary disc 1, 2 via the drive train 6 driving the disc of the months 3 respectively of the second train of the drive driving the rotating disk 1, 2, so as to make the indexing between the inscriptions on the rotating disk 1, 2 and the inscriptions on the dial 2, 1 automatic depending on the month displayed, similar to the preferred solution described in detail above. For example, the second drive train driving the rotating disk 1, 2 can be arranged as is known in the art, while the cooperation between the second drive train and the means for advancing and retreating said mechanism 9 , 10 can be in complete analogy to the corresponding means used for the drive train 6 driving the disk months 3. Without the need to describe such a variant of the correction mechanism in detail, the skilled person in possession of this technical instruction will therefore adapt the mechanism described in detail above in the context of the preferred solution to this case of an alternative solution, requiring a separate connection of said correction levers 10.1, 10.2 to the two separate drive trains mentioned above. above. For this reason, the alternative solution of using two separate drive trains is clearly less favored, but remains a technical option.

It remains to be seen that, obviously, many other equivalent embodiments, not illustrated in the figures, of a calendar display device according to the present invention can be imagined. For example, it is possible to vary the arrangement or arrangement of the rotating disk 1, 2, without the fact that the overall operation or the result in terms of display differ substantially from what has been disclosed above . All these embodiments are in fact, without it being possible to describe them all here in detail, within the reach of the skilled person having the technical instruction according to the present description.

In order to explicitly mention some examples here, it would also be possible to arrange the fixed dial, which always indicates the dates, as a ring, while the rotating disk indicating the days would be arranged as a real disk that turns into this case inside this ring. This constellation represents in some way the inverse case of the constellation according to the preferred embodiment described in detail above. Another variant modifying the preferred constellation illustrated in FIG. figure 1 consists of inverting the rotating disk and the dial from the point of view of another aspect, that is to say, to use the disc of the days 1 as a fixed dial and the date disc 2 as a rotating disc .

In analogy to the two cases mentioned above, this constellation can in principle be broken down into two different variants. On the one hand, said first disc 1, the disc of days, can form the fixed dial, while said second disc 2, the date disc, is arranged as a ring that can rotate around said dial, said third disc 3, the disk of the months, being arranged as ring arranged concentrically and rotatively under said dial. On the other hand, the disk of the days 1, while forming the fixed dial, can also be arranged as a ring, the date disk 2 forming the rotary disc rotating in this case inside. In the latter two cases, the window 2.1 is then integrated in the disc of the days 1. The disc of the date 2 still requiring 31 sectors, it is then better to equip the disc of the days 1 of 4 times the series of inscriptions symbolizing the 7 days of the week on 28 equidistant angular sectors, while said window occupies 3 equidistant angular sectors of the same size. In this way, by correspondingly modifying the gear train respectively the teeth of the different parts in gear, it is possible to obtain an equivalent result in the display compared to the preferred embodiment. Other variants having, for example, 6 times the series of inscriptions symbolizing the 7 days of the week on 42 equidistant angular sectors, or even modifying other characteristics at this level, are still imaginable and are within the reach of those skilled in the art. given in this Technical Instruction.

Another modification, which also applies to the four constellations mentioned above, is to place the third disk 3, the disk of the months, non-concentrically under the dial. Indeed, even if it is preferable to place the disc of the months 3 concentrically with respect to the discs of days 1 and dates 2, this is not necessary. Similarly, it is not necessary that the disk of the months 3 is arranged as a ring, it can also be formed by a solid disk. Also, in both cases, the drive train 6 could cooperate with the disk of the months 3 with the aid of an external toothing or a disk axis instead of an internal toothing.

Moreover, it remains to mention that the present invention also relates to a timepiece which comprises a display device of calendar according to the present invention and as described above, said device being driven by the basic movement of the timepiece. In particular, said first - 10.1 and second correction levers 10.2 of the device are normally actuable via the corresponding first and second pushers located on the timepiece box.

In view of the description above, it is clear that a calendar display device having the features mentioned above according to the present invention has the important advantage of offering, beside a global view of calendar data for a whole month, the ability to manually change the displayed month, like a calendar, offering the user the ability to consult at any time the calendar data of the month he wants. In addition, such a device normally also allows automatic indexing between the indications of the days of the week and the dates when changing the month display. This automatic indexing applies to normal years as well as leap years, making the device perpetual. Also, this automatic indexing can be achieved by several means, including a direct kinematic link between the month disk and the rotating disk, so particularly elegantly at the technical level. Furthermore, the device has great flexibility because it can be declined in several variants depending on the technical or aesthetic requirements. These advantages are obtained without increasing the complexity, the volume occupied, or even the production cost of the device. Finally, the device according to the present invention is ideally suited to be highlighted visually on the dial of the timepiece, thus contributing significantly to the aesthetics of such a timepiece.

Claims (19)

1. A calendar display device of a mechanical watch piece comprising a mechanical watch movement, comprising a first disk (1), the disk of days, carrying a multiple of a series of inscriptions symbolising the seven days of the week, a second disk (2), the disk of dates, carrying inscriptions symbolising the date of the month, a third disk (3), the disk of months, carrying 12 inscriptions symbolising the months of the year, one (1, 2) of the disk of days (1) and the disk of dates (2) acting as a dial by being fixed, whereas the other (2, 1) acts as a rotary disk by being arranged concentrically and rotatably in relation to said dial, said dial comprising an aperture (2.1) making it possible to see the inscription of the current month on the disk of months (3) which is mounted rotatably and is driven, either directly or indirectly, by the watch movement of said watch piece, and a hand (4) placed concentrically and rotatably in relation to said dial so as to indicate simultaneously the date and the day of the week, the calendar display device also comprising a correction mechanism (9, 10) cooperating at least with a gear train (6) driving the disk of months (3), either directly or indirectly, starting from the watch movement of said watch piece, said correction mechanism (9, 10) comprising means for advancing and reversing the disk of months (3) so as to allow to modify the month displayed on the dial (1, 2) in a bidirectional manner.
2. The device according to the preceding claim, characterised in that said means for advancing and reversing the disk of months (3) comprise, on the one hand, a correction star (9.1) fixed to a correction wheel (9.2) meshing with said gear train (6) driving, either directly or indirectly, the disk of months (3), and, on the other hand, a first (10.1) and second (10.2) correction lever actuatable by pressure and causing, when actuated, a rotation of the correction star (9.1) in the anticlockwise respectively clockwise direction, thus driving the disk of months (3) through 1/12 of a turn either forwards or backwards respectively upon each actuation of one of said levers (10.1, 10.2), making it possible to change the month displayed on the dial (1, 2) in a bidirectional manner.
3. The device according to the preceding claim, characterised in that said first (10.1) and said second (10.2) correction levers cause, when actuated, by means of an intermediate control (10.3), the lifting of a main control (10.4) cooperating with a cam of months (6.4) arranged on a cam wheel (6.4) in said gear train (6) driving the disk of months (3), in such a way that the train of said gear train (6) is released during the correction of the displayed month whereas the gear train (6) and the disk of months (3) are secured in their current position by means of said main control (10.4) when none of the levers (10.1, 10.2) is actuated.
4. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that if said watch piece comprises two separate gear trains separately controlling the disk of months (3) and the rotary disk (1, 2) starting from the watch movement of said watch piece, said correction mechanism (9, 10) is arranged so as to cooperate simultaneously with said gear train (6) driving the disk of months (3) and with a second gear train driving the rotary disk (1, 2) by the watch movement of the watch piece, in such a way that the means for advancing and reversing of said mechanism (9, 10) simultaneously control the disk of months (3) and the rotary disk (1, 2) so as to make automatic the indexing between the inscriptions on said rotary disk (1, 2) and the inscriptions on the dial (2, 1) depending on the month displayed.
5. The device according to any one of preceding claims 1 to 3, characterised in that if said watch piece comprises merely one gear train (6) to control the disk of months (3) and the rotary disk (1, 2) starting from the watch movement of said watch piece, the device comprises a direct kinematic link (7, 8) between the disk of months (3) and said rotary disk (1, 2), or vice-versa, so as to make automatic the indexing between the inscriptions on said rotary disk (1, 2) and the inscriptions on the dial (2, 1) depending on the month displayed.
6. The device according to the preceding claim, characterised in that said direct kinematic link (7, 8) between the disk of months (3) and said rotary disk (1, 2) comprises two separate parts.
7. The device according to the preceding claim, characterised in that a first part (7) of said direct kinematic link comprises a first connecting pinion (7.1) which can mesh with a second inner toothing (3.2) of the disk of months (3), said first connecting pinion (7.1) being connected to a first intermediate connecting wheel (7.2) driving a second intermediate connecting wheel (7.3) carrying a second connecting pinion (7.4) which in turn meshes with an inner toothing (1.1) of the rotary disk (1, 2).
8. The device according to the preceding claim, characterised in that said second inner toothing (3.2) of the disk of months (3) comprises 12 equidistant angular sectors each comprising, apart from the sector corresponding to the month of February, a succession of notches (3.2.1) and teeth (3.2.2) which allow the rotary disk (1, 2) to advance by the driving of the disk of months (3) in such a way that the indexing between the inscriptions on said rotary disk (1, 2) and the inscriptions on the dial (2, 1) is carried out automatically depending on the month displayed.
9. The device according to any one of preceding claims 6 to 8, characterised in that said first part (7) of said direct kinematic link comprises decoupling means (7.5), preferably a catch release mechanism making it possible to drive the rotary disk (1, 2) independently of said first part (7) of the direct kinematic link.
10. The device according to any one of preceding claims 6 to 9, characterised in that a second part (8) of said direct kinematic link comprises a four-tooth star (8.1) able to cooperate with a pin (3.3) fixed on the disk of months (3), said star (8.1) being fixed to a first intermediate wheel (8.2) meshing with a second intermediate wheel (8.3) which is fixed to an actuating finger (8.4) able to mesh with an inner toothing (1.1) of the rotary disk (1, 2) in such a way that, upon every fourth actuation of the star (8.1) by the disk of months (3), said rotary disk (1, 2) is advanced through one step so as to automatically index the inscriptions in said rotary disk (1, 2) and the inscriptions on the dial (2, 1) for the month of February in a leap year.
11. The device according to the preceding claim, characterised in that at least one of said intermediate wheels (8.2, 8.3) comprises a toothing (8.2.1) able to cooperate with a jumper (8.5), which holds the four-tooth star (8.1) in its rest position, and arranged so that the jumper (8.5) repositions the intermediate wheel (8.2, 8.3) with which it cooperates, after actuation of the star (8.1) by said pin (3.3) fixed on the disk of months (3), in such a position that the teeth (8.1.1, 8.1.2) of the four-tooth star (8.1) oriented towards the disk of months (3) are located in the path of said pin (3.3), irrespectively of the direction of rotation of the disk of months.
12. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said disk of months (3) is driven by the watch movement of said watch piece by a gear train (6) comprising a driving finger (6.1) driven by said watch movement so as to carry out one rotation per month and driving a first intermediate driving wheel (6.2) which meshes with a cam wheel (6.3) carrying a cam of months (6.4), the cam wheel (6.3) driving a second intermediate driving wheel (6.5) fixed to a third intermediate driving wheel (6.6) which meshes with a driving pinion (6.7) carrying a driving wheel (6.8) which meshes with a first inner toothing (3.1) of the disk of months (3), in such a way that said disk of months rotates through 1/12 of a turn per month.
13. The device according to any one of preceding claims 5 to 11, characterised in that said rotary disk (2, 1) is driven by the watch movement of said watch piece by a gear train (6), the disk of months (3) being driven indirectly by said direct kinematic link (7, 8) arranged between said rotary disk (1, 2) and the disk of months (3).
14. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that said second disk (2), the disk of dates, forms the fixed dial, said first disk (1), the disk of days, being arranged as a ring which can turn around said dial, and said third disk (3), the disk of months, being arranged as a ring placed concentrically and rotatably beneath said dial.
15. The device according to the preceding claim, characterised in that said first disk (1), the disk of days, carries five times the series of inscriptions symbolising the seven days of the week on 35 equidistant angular sectors, said second disk (2), the disk of dates, carrying its inscriptions symbolising the date of the month from 1 to 31 on 31 equidistant angular sectors of the same angular dimension as the sectors on the first disk (1), said aperture (2.1) on the second disk (2) being arranged between the first and last inscriptions and occupying an angular dimension corresponding to four other equidistant angular sectors of the same angular dimension as the sectors on the first disk (1).
16. The device according to any one of preceding claims 1 to 13, characterised in that said first disk (1), the disk of days, forms the fixed dial, said second disk (2), the disk of dates, being arranged as a ring which can turn around said dial, and said third disk (3), the disk of months, being arranged as a ring arranged concentrically and rotatably beneath said dial.
17. The device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it comprises a display of the number of the current year and/or a display of the current year type (5) indicating leap years and normal years.
18. A watch piece, in particular a mechanical wristwatch, characterised in that it comprises a calendar display device according to any one of the preceding claims, said device being driven by the basic movement of the watch piece.
19. The watch piece according to the preceding claim, characterised in that said first (10.1) and second (10.2) correction levers of the device are actuatable by corresponding first and second push-pieces of the watch piece.

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