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EP1923634B1 - Réglage du mélange air / gaz combustible sur la température de flamme ou de brûleur d'un appareil de chauffage - Google Patents

Réglage du mélange air / gaz combustible sur la température de flamme ou de brûleur d'un appareil de chauffage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1923634B1
EP1923634B1 EP07033545.0A EP07033545A EP1923634B1 EP 1923634 B1 EP1923634 B1 EP 1923634B1 EP 07033545 A EP07033545 A EP 07033545A EP 1923634 B1 EP1923634 B1 EP 1923634B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
temperature
fuel gas
flame
flow
Prior art date
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Application number
EP07033545.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1923634A1 (fr
Inventor
Stefan Lehminger
Heinz-Jörg Tomczak
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Vaillant GmbH
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Vaillant GmbH
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Priority claimed from AT0045207A external-priority patent/AT505064B8/de
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Publication of EP1923634A1 publication Critical patent/EP1923634A1/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N1/00—Regulating fuel supply
    • F23N1/02—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply
    • F23N1/022—Regulating fuel supply conjointly with air supply using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/60—Devices for simultaneous control of gas and combustion air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/022—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2225/00—Measuring
    • F23N2225/08—Measuring temperature
    • F23N2225/16—Measuring temperature burner temperature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for controlling a fuel gas-air mixture via the measured at the burner, the burner flame or in the vicinity of the burner flame of a heater temperature.
  • the measurement of the burner or flame temperature can be used.
  • Basis of such a regulation is the setting of a fuel gas-air mixture to a target temperature, the z. B. is measured at the burner. It should be noted that larger deviations in a temperature difference (between a target and actual temperature) should be avoided, otherwise suffers by the increase in the resulting CO emissions combustion quality.
  • the WO 2006/000366 A1 discloses a method for controlling a fuel gas-air mixture of a burner, in which the flame temperature is detected and regulated in dependence on the desired burner load and air ratio to a target temperature in the steady state. For this purpose, characteristic curves are used which assign the burner load to a specific setpoint temperature. Depending on the air mass flow, a target temperature to be controlled is determined. If, for example, the load is increased, on the one hand the current temperature is measured and the setpoint temperature is determined. If the setpoint temperature is greater than the outlet temperature, the fuel quantity is enriched until the deviation of the actual value from the setpoint value no longer exists.
  • the measured temperature changes even in the dynamic state, if the fuel quantity is not changed. So while at Load change, the temperature in the dynamic state of a starting temperature to a higher set temperature increases continuously, teaches the WO 2006/000366 A1 to additionally grease the fuel quantity. As a result, the fuel gas-air mixture is first over-enriched; the temperature rises above the setpoint temperature, which is why the amount of fuel gas is emaciated, whereby it falls below the setpoint temperature. Ultimately, the temperature swings to the setpoint temperature.
  • the JP 63 075416 A describes a method for controlling a burner, wherein a faster adjustment of the burner is possible.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method for controlling a fuel gas-air mixture on the burner or flame temperature available, in which to avoid pollutant emissions, the heating or cooling of the burner components, especially during the starting phase and the modulation phase in dynamic state is taken into account.
  • a PI controller For the regulation of the fuel gas-air mixture, a PI controller is preferred. With a PI controller, a control value is determined from a control deviation (difference between setpoint and actual temperature). For a PI controller, it is normal for the P-controller part to quickly compensate for an occurring system deviation, with the I-controller component subsequently eliminating the remaining system deviation. Thus, a PI controller operates quickly and accurately with the appropriate setting.
  • I-controller or P-controller
  • the control can regulate very quickly with a very large selected integral component (I component), but there is a large jump in the temperature profile or a strong CO emission.
  • I component integral component
  • CO emission When choosing a very small I component, the jump is very small, but the regulation time is very long.
  • the inertia of a temperature measurement system must be considered. This can be traced back both to the sensors used and to the system behavior itself.
  • the burner surface temperature T is low at a higher power and high at a low load because the flame lifts Q zuEnglish from the burner surface as the load increases .
  • FIG. 2 shows the system behavior during a load change (modulation jump) of the heater from 20 kW to 10 kW.
  • the diagram illustrates that during operation, the difference between a burner or flame target temperature T 2 , to which it is to be controlled, and an output temperature T 0 can be relatively large.
  • the system behaves during startup, because the heater (or the burner temperature) passes from the cold state in a modulation-dependent hot state.
  • Curve 3 in FIG. 2 represents the behavior of a heater at modulation jump from 20 kW to 10 kW under the condition that the air ratio lambda is kept constant.
  • the burner or flame temperature of the curve 3 follows as a function of the time t, which can be reproduced by means of an exponential function, up to a stationary final value.
  • T 1 t T 0 + T 2 - T 0 ⁇ e - ⁇ t
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to modify a stationary setpoint temperature value T 2 of the control into a setpoint value T 1 (t) as a function of time, the time profile of the burner or setpoint flame temperature T 1 of an e-function (such as curve 3, FIG. FIG. 2 ) and depending on the output and burner or flame set temperature of the modulation or the load change is.
  • Indicators of a well-functioning control system are, in addition to the CO 2 emissions that result from the excess air, especially under safety aspects, the CO emissions.
  • FIG. 3 shows values of the CO emissions of the system at an exemplary modulation jump from 20 kW to 10 kW.
  • the curve 1 shows a CO curve in the event that a control would dose the amount of gas in such a way that it would be regulated to the temperature target value immediately after the burner start. In this case, due to the large temperature difference, the gas valve would open so much that the combustion would no longer be standard or "clean".
  • Curve 2 shows a CO trend, taking into account the procedure according to the invention at the same modulation jump (from 20 kW to 10 kW) sets.
  • the CO emissions according to the invention control shown as curve 2 in FIG. 3 , shows that CO emissions can be permanently kept at a low level.
  • the excessive pollutant emissions which occur during combustion, in particular during the heating phase at startup or during modulation jumps, which would occur if the procedure according to the invention were regulated directly to the target temperature, are prevented.
  • Another exemplary embodiment provides an approximation of the setpoint temperature T 1 to the heating behavior of the system (curve 6, FIG. FIG. 4 ) via linear sections within a characteristic before, z. B. via an approach with two (curve 5, FIG. 4 ) or with several sections (curve 4, FIG. 4 ) such that always a sufficient quality of combustion is guaranteed.
  • the heat demand of 20 kW corresponding step number (eg 280) is determined and set.
  • the moment of a modulation jump or a heat load change is kept fixed by setting the time t to the value 0.
  • the time profile of the burner or flame target temperature T 1 is determined according to equation 1 ( FIG. 7 ).
  • the burner or flame temperature is measured and compared with the calculated burner or flame setpoint temperature T 1 (t).
  • the control only intervenes when a deviation of the measured burner or flame temperature (actual temperature) from the calculated burner or desired flame temperature T 1 (t) (setpoint temperature) occurs.
  • This deviation between the actual and desired temperature is controlled by the stepper motor of the gas valve, so that when the measured burner or flame temperature is greater than the calculated burner or flame target temperature T 1 (t), the fuel gas flow is reduced or the amount of air is increased or if the measured burner or flame temperature is less than the calculated burner or flame target temperature T 1 (t), the fuel gas flow is increased or the amount of air is reduced.
  • the inventive method is terminated as soon as the measured burner or flame temperature of the burner or flame setpoint T 2 corresponds.
  • the control method according to the invention is intended to prevent the pollutant emissions which occur during combustion, in particular during the start or during modulation jumps during the modulation. It is not regulated directly to a predetermined end-desired temperature value, but by the natural heating or cooling behavior of the system is integrated into the scheme. Thus, larger jumps in the temperature difference between the target and actual temperature are avoided and achieved a good combustion quality.
  • An unclean system behavior eg. B. when heating the system after the burner start is avoided, in which the control after the burner start is always in operation and the quality of combustion is permanently tested and regulated.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Regulation And Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Procédé de régulation d'un mélange de gaz combustible et d'air d'un brûleur fonctionnant au gaz combustible, de préférence d'un appareil de chauffage, à l'aide d'un capteur pour détecter la température (T) du brûleur ou des flammes et d'une régulation avec les étapes de procédé suivantes :
    - une température de sortie T0 est mesurée avec le capteur,
    - lors de l'affectation d'une charge de brûleur (Q), on détermine le flux volumique (V̇B ) ou le flux massique (ṁB ) nécessaire du gaz combustible en tenant compte de l'indice d'air de combustion (λ) du flux volumique (V̇L ) ou du flux massique (ṁL ) de l'air de combustion et l'on détermine également à partir d'un diagramme caractéristique ou d'une fonction la température théorique T 2 = f(Q̇) du brûleur ou des flammes en fonction de la charge,
    - on calcule à partir de la température de sortie T0 et de la température théorique T2 du brûleur ou des flammes une variation dans le temps de la température théorique T1(t) = f(T0, T2, t) du brûleur ou des flammes,
    - en fonction du flux volumique (V̇B ) ou du flux massique (ṁB ) du gaz combustible ainsi que du flux volumique (V̇L) ou du flux massique (ṁL ) de l'air de combustion déterminés, on règle les flux de gaz combustible et d'air de combustion,
    - la température du brûleur ou des flammes est mesurée et comparée à la température théorique T1(t) calculée du brûleur ou des flammes,
    - lorsque la température mesurée du brûleur ou des flammes à un instant déterminé t de la variation dynamique est plus grande que la température calculée T1(t) du brûleur ou des flammes à cet instant t, le flux de gaz combustible est réduit ou la quantité d'air est augmentée,
    - lorsque la température mesurée du brûleur ou des flammes à un instant déterminé t de la variation dynamique est plus petite que la température calculée T1(t) du brûleur ou des flammes à cet instant t, le flux de gaz combustible est augmenté ou la quantité d'air est réduite.
  2. Procédé de régulation d'un mélange de gaz combustible et d'air selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la détermination de la variation dans le temps de la température théorique du brûleur ou des flammes se fait selon une formule T 1 t = T 0 + T 2 − T 0 . e − τ t ,
    Figure imgb0004
     où τ est un paramètre de régulation.
  3. Procédé de régulation d'un mélange de gaz combustible et d'air selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le procédé est terminé lorsque la température mesurée du brûleur ou des flammes correspond à la température théorique T2 du brûleur ou des flammes.
  4. Procédé de régulation d'un mélange de gaz combustible et d'air selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la régulation du mélange de gaz combustible et d'air se fait après avoir atteint la température théorique T2 des flammes selon une régulation PI classique.
EP07033545.0A 2006-11-15 2007-11-09 Réglage du mélange air / gaz combustible sur la température de flamme ou de brûleur d'un appareil de chauffage Active EP1923634B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102006054106 2006-11-15
AT0045207A AT505064B8 (de) 2007-03-22 2007-03-22 Regelung des brenngas-luft-gemisches ber die brenner- oder flammentemperatur eines heizgerätes

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1923634A1 EP1923634A1 (fr) 2008-05-21
EP1923634B1 true EP1923634B1 (fr) 2017-06-28

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EP (1) EP1923634B1 (fr)
PT (1) PT1923634T (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4170234A1 (fr) 2021-10-19 2023-04-26 BDR Thermea Group B.V. Procédé de commande d'un brûleur

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2843214B1 (fr) 2013-05-29 2021-06-23 Mems Ag Procédé, capteur et dispositif de réglage d'installations de conversion d'énergie fonctionnant au gaz
DE102020205449A1 (de) * 2020-04-29 2021-11-04 Viessmann Werke Gmbh & Co Kg Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Verbrennungsregelung für ein Brenngas mit anteiligem Zusatzgas
CN111649356A (zh) * 2020-06-10 2020-09-11 绍兴市升博厨房电器有限公司 燃气灶工作方法及燃气灶
CN119376466A (zh) * 2024-12-30 2025-01-28 新奥数能科技有限公司 低成本低碳排的染缸工艺智控方法、系统、设备及介质

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JPS57202417A (en) * 1981-06-04 1982-12-11 Nippon Denso Co Ltd Temperature controlling method of evaporator in liquid fuel combustion device
JPH0799259B2 (ja) * 1986-09-18 1995-10-25 松下電器産業株式会社 燃焼制御装置
DE102004055716C5 (de) * 2004-06-23 2010-02-11 Ebm-Papst Landshut Gmbh Verfahren zur Regelung einer Feuerungseinrichtung und Feuerungseinrichtung (Elektronischer Verbund I)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4170234A1 (fr) 2021-10-19 2023-04-26 BDR Thermea Group B.V. Procédé de commande d'un brûleur
WO2023066812A1 (fr) 2021-10-19 2023-04-27 Bdr Thermea Group B.V. Procédé de commande de brûleur

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PT1923634T (pt) 2017-09-01

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