EP1802812B1 - Paving stone - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a paving stone having the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Paving stones, especially for road construction, are often designed as composite systems for reasons of displacement safety. These composite systems are based on the principle that arranged on a stone flank in grid composite elements engage on the flank of the adjacent stone and prevent in cooperation with the joint filling movement of the stones against each other. Widely used is the so-called "circulating system", in which the composite elements are arranged diametrically on all side flanks of the paving stone and engage in a predetermined grid all around, regardless of the position of the stones to each other. In this system, the stones have a defined top and bottom. When laying the paving stones, it is desirable that the stones have as little as possible any contact with each other, but are separated from each other by grout. This ensures that no damage to the plaster structure may occur due to temperature fluctuations and associated material expansions. In practice, however, it is often found that the laying is done stone by stone, as this is faster and at first glance more economical.

To avoid this disadvantage, it is from the EP 1 036 882 B1 known to provide artificial stones for paving purposes with composite sections at which a spacer is arranged to ensure a minimum distance between the stones / composite elements. In this case, the surface for contacting an adjacent stone is formed so small that, while it secures the ideal position of the stone with the desired joint spacing when laying, but is at least partially destroyed when shaking the laid pavement. A disadvantage of the known systems is that they are not applicable to stones with larger dimensional tolerances (for example clinker of fired clay): This is due to the fact that the composite elements no longer interlock with larger dimensional differences of the stones. The interlocking required for the Verbund therefore does not materialize. If the distance between the composite elements chosen so large that the necessary tolerance for different sized stones is given, this leads to an oversized installation margin, which leads in practice to laying errors. The addition of smaller dimensional tolerances across several bricks results in leaving the composite grid, which can result in weakening or even loss of the necessary composite effect.

From the EP 1 024 226 A1 is an artificial stone for paving purposes with the features of the preamble of claim 1 known. This paving stone has on a side edge of different width composite elements. When laying the stones into a cobblestone bandage, all composite elements engage with the composite elements of the neighboring stones.

From the DE 299 24 540 U is a keystone for a circular plaster is known, which has on a side edge of different width composite elements. Here, too, it is provided that all composite elements engage with corresponding composite elements of a neighboring stone.

The present invention has for its object to provide a paving stone with composite system to protect against displacements in Pflastergefügte with horizontally occurring forces, which fulfills this function even with larger dimensional tolerances of the stones, such as clinker clay from fired, and the possibilities for direct contact minimized from misplaced stone to misplaced stone.

This object is achieved in a paving stone of the type specified by the characterizing features of claim 1.

With the invention, a paving stone is provided with composite system for securing against displacement in the paving structure with horizontally occurring forces, even with larger dimensional tolerances of the stones, such as in Clay made of baked clay, fulfills this function and minimizes the possibilities for direct contact of laid stone to laid stone.

Due to the wide in comparison with known composite elements execution a punctual fixation of the adjacent stones is achieved against each other. In this way, it is prevented that dimensional differences or laying errors over several stones add up and thus endanger the composite system. Over the entire laying surface, a network of fixing points is created as an essential element of the composite effect. The dimensional differences of individual stones can not add up over the surface and endanger the composite effect. Within the fixation network, small single faults are recorded in each case in the next joint. As a result, the joints can vary slightly in width, without endangering the composite effect. At the same time, the wide composite elements acting as fixing elements allow wide chambers to accommodate coarser and more effective joint material in the joints, without the risk of serious laying errors. In addition, the use of these fixing elements also makes sense in composite systems without special requirements, since the lateral fixation of the stones to each other is reduced to the absolute minimum of contact burrs. Even the mold making is simplified and particularly economical.

In a further development of the invention, in each case two opposite side flanks have the same number of wide composite elements, preferably one flank each having a wide composite element is arranged and the wide composite elements of opposite flanks are arranged diametrically. This allows the production of a uniform composite plaster without displacement error.

In a further development of the invention, at least one wide composite element has a buffer pocket. The buffer bag inevitably starts pushed bedding material, which then acts as a buffer between the stones. As a result, a contact between two adjacent stones is further counteracted.

Preferably, at least one lower edge of the paving stone is sharp-edged. As a result, a uniform pushing of the bedding material is supported.

In a further embodiment of the invention, at least one intermediate space between two narrow composite elements is provided with a thickening. This distance surface also counteracts a surface contact of second adjacent stones.

In another embodiment of the invention, the gap between two narrow composite elements is significantly larger than the width of a narrow composite element. As a result, wide margins between the composite elements are created, which are required for example for stones with larger dimensional differences or may be desirable for larger joint material.

Figur 1

die perspektivische Darstellung eines Pflastersteins mit rechteckiger Grundfläche;

Figur 2

die perspektivische Darstellung eines Pflastersteins mit hexagonaler Grundfläche;

Figur 3

die perspektivische Darstellung eines Pflastersteins mit oktogonaler Grundfläche;

Figur 4

den Verbund zweier benachbarter Pflastersteine;

Figur 5

die Seitenflanke eines Pflastersteins in anderer Ausgestaltung;

Figur 6

die Draufsicht auf den Verbund von drei benachbarten Pflastersteinen; und

Figur 7

die perspektivische Darstellung des Verbundes zweier Pflastersteine in anderer Ausgestaltung.

Other developments and refinements of the invention are specified in the remaining subclaims. Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and will be described in detail below. Show it:

FIG. 1

the perspective view of a paving stone with a rectangular base;

FIG. 2

the perspective view of a paving stone with hexagonal base;

FIG. 3

the perspective view of a paving stone with octagonal base;

FIG. 4

the combination of two adjacent paving stones;

FIG. 5

the side flank of a paving stone in another embodiment;

FIG. 6

the top view of the composite of three adjacent paving stones; and

FIG. 7

the perspective view of the composite of two paving stones in another embodiment.

The paving stone 1 chosen as an exemplary embodiment is made of concrete, clinker, baked clay or other, usable for pavement materials. The paving stone 1 consists of a base body 2 with composite elements 3 and 4. In the embodiment of the Figures 1 and 4 to 7 The paving stone 1 has the shape of a cuboid. In the embodiment according to FIG. 2 the paving stone 1 has a hexagonal shape; in the exemplary embodiment FIG. 3 The paving stone 1 has an octagonal shape. Other designs of paving stones are also possible.

The main body 2 has a walk-on and passable top 21, a bottom 22 facing the substrate and side flanks 23 formed between the top and bottom. The bottom 22 is limited by a peripheral lower edge 24, which is designed sharp-edged.

On the side edges 23 of the paving stone 1 according to FIG. 1 are arranged at uniform intervals vertical, narrow composite elements 3. The composite elements 3 are designed approximately semi-cylindrical. One or more composite elements 3 can be designed in greater horizontal depth and thus serve as a protruding spacer. In the region of an end face of the paving stone 1, a wide composite element 4 is arranged on the two side flanks 23 of the longitudinal sides, each substantially diametrically opposite one another. In the exemplary embodiment, the composite element 4 has approximately the width of two composite elements 3. Along its vertical pocket a buffer pocket 41 is introduced into the composite element 4. The buffer pocket 41 has an approximately semi-cylindrical profile.

The paving stones 1 according to the embodiments of Figures 2 and 3 also consist of a base body 2 and have top sides 21 and bottom sides 22 and in between trained side edges 23. A sharp-edged lower edge 24 is provided. The paving stones 1 after the FIGS. 2 and 3 also have composite elements 3 and 4, which to those of the embodiment according to FIG. 1 are designed comparably. The wide composite elements 4 are in the embodiment according to FIG. 2 arranged at two mutually parallel side edges 23 diametrically opposite each other. In contrast, the embodiment of the invention FIG. 3 four wide composite elements 4, of which in each case two mutually parallel side edges 23 are also arranged diametrically opposite one another.

In the composite of two paving stones 1 each project the composite elements 3, 4 of a paving stone in the intermediate spaces 5 formed by the composite elements 3, 4 of the adjacent paving stone. In the interstices 5 filler 6 (eg sand or grit) is introduced (see. FIG. 4 ). In the buffer pocket 41 of the wide composite element 4 so much filler 6 is accumulated that the two paving stones have a sufficient distance from each other, so that the composite elements 3 do not hit the edges of the interstices 5 of each adjacent paving stone. The wide composite element 4 is dimensioned such that it fills almost the entire interspace of the composite elements 3 of the neighboring stone positioned on both sides thereof - the width of the composite element 4 in its region adjacent to the side flank 23 is substantially the clear width between two adjacent composite elements 3, 3 equivalent. Between two possible lines of contact between the wide composite element 4 of a paving stone with the two composite elements 3 of the adjacent paving stone a position assurance of the stones is given to each other. As a result, the two stones are secured relative to each other against displacement.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 5 is a thickening 7 arranged between two composite elements 3. This thickening 7 is in contact with a composite element 3 of the adjacent paving stone and thus ensures a distance of the two stones to each other, which prevents contact of the other composite elements 3, 4 with the respective adjacent stone. This distance represents the minimum joint width. FIG. 5 can be seen from the arrows, as material is taken when pushing the paving stones 1 from the paving bed and is pushed laterally aside by the composite elements 3, 4. This results in a further possibility to avoid the direct contact of the stones ("concrete to concrete"): The buffer pocket catches the material, which would otherwise be pushed aside laterally when sliding the stones together. With accumulation of sufficient filler material 6 in the buffer pocket 41 of the wide composite element 4, a pushing of a stone to the neighboring stone to the contact "concrete to concrete" is prevented.

In the paving stone 1 according to the invention a composite element 4 is at least on one side edge 23 designed so wide that it completely fills the space between two adjacent composite elements 3 and 3 on the adjacent side edge 23 of the adjacent paving stone 1 with the necessary tolerance. This is a punctual fixation of the adjacent paving stones against each other reached. At the same time it is prevented in this way that add dimensional differences or installation errors over several paving stones away and thus can lead to an undesired position of the paving stones to each other. In addition, it is achieved by the invention that the lateral contact of composite elements 3, 4 adjacent paving stones 1 is reliably limited to only one point per flank 23.

The punctual fixation of two adjacent paving stones to each other prevents a caused by dimensional tolerances of the stones and in relation to their desired position unwanted displacement of the stones to each other. Since such a shift usually continues over several stones with the same tolerance, this usually results in a structurally unsatisfactory overall picture of the paved area. It may even endanger the effectiveness of the composite system. This is prevented by the inventive design.

Claims (8)

1. A paving stone (1) with lateral flanks (23) perpendicularly directed to the plane of placement, the paving stone having vertical narrow bonding elements (3) and a wide bonding element (4) on at least one lateral flank (23) wherein the bonding elements (3, 4) are able to correspond with the bonding elements of an adjacent paving stone in the used condition of the paving stone (1), characterized in that the narrow bonding elements on the at least one lateral flank are arranged in uniform distances and that the wide bonding element (4) has a width substantially corresponding to the inner width between adjacent narrow bonding elements (3).
2. The paving stone according to claim 1, characterized in that two respective opposite lateral flanks (23) of a paving stone (1) have the same number of wide bonding elements (4).
3. The paving stone according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that two respective opposite lateral flanks (23) of a paving stone (1) have a wide bonding element (4).
4. The paving stone according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the wide bonding elements (4) of opposite lateral flanks (23) of a paving stone (1) are diametrically arranged.
5. The paving stone according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least one wide bonding element (4) of a paving stone (1) includes a buffer bag (41).
6. The paving stone according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least one lower edge (24) of a paving stone (1) is formed in a sharpcornered manner.
7. The paving stone according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that at least one intermediate space (5) between two narrow bonding elements (3) is provided with a thickening (7).
8. The paving stone according to one of the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that at least one bonding element (3) is formed in a prolonged manner as projecting spacer.

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