EP2354306B1 - Paving stone and group of paving stones - Google Patents
Paving stone and group of paving stones Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2354306B1 EP2354306B1 EP11000226.8A EP11000226A EP2354306B1 EP 2354306 B1 EP2354306 B1 EP 2354306B1 EP 11000226 A EP11000226 A EP 11000226A EP 2354306 B1 EP2354306 B1 EP 2354306B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- paving
- sections
- paving stones
- paving stone
- stones
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- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 title claims description 206
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 37
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C5/00—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C2201/00—Paving elements
- E01C2201/02—Paving elements having fixed spacing features
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a paving stone according to the preamble of claim 1 and a composite of a plurality of such paving stones and a method for producing a laying package of several paving stones.
- Paving stones with an H-shaped basic shape have long been known in practice. They usually have a walkable or passable top, a bottom facing the ground and a substantially rectilinearly extending between the top and the bottom edge.
- the basic shape of the upper side or the underside consists of two substantially rectangular sections, which are spaced apart and extend substantially parallel to one another in a first direction, and a further substantially rectangular section, which connects the two parallel sections substantially perpendicular to each other and in a second direction, which is substantially perpendicular to the first direction, is aligned.
- Such H-shaped paving stones are for example from the DE 296 03 148 U1 , of the DE 197 33 741 C2 or the DE 201 13 580 U1 known.
- the paving stones described therein each have a basic shape in which the inner flanks of the two parallel sections, which face the connecting section, enclose an angle of more than 90 degrees with respect to this, so that the paving stones can be pushed into one another during laying to the desired composite.
- a plurality of projections are formed substantially perpendicular to the top, which serve exclusively as spacers for the joint formation and come into abutment with the projections of the adjacent paving stones.
- paving stones are for example from the DE 103 30 928 A1 known.
- a composite laid with such paving stones can nevertheless be pushed apart in at least one direction if it is not held together by curb elements or the like.
- Paving stones for achieving a stable bond in both directions are, for example, in DE 31 42 745 A1 .
- These conventional paving stones are formed with dovetail-shaped projections and teeth, so that they can be put together in the manner of a puzzle. This is possible either with or without spacing between the adjacent paving stones, ie as a composite with or without joints.
- a transfer of this system to H-shaped paving stones would lead to a complicated stone form and thus to correspondingly complicated and complex forms of production.
- the DE 295 01 168 U1 describes a self-locking composite plaster of joinable paving stones in double T-shape. Compared to the aforementioned H-shaped paving stones indicate the double-T-shaped paving stones the outer sections additionally inwardly directed flanges, with which adjacent paving stones can be hooked into each other.
- the paving stone for forming a composite of a plurality of such paving stones has a walkable or passable top, an upper side facing away from the top and a running between the top and the bottom edge.
- the upper side has a substantially H-shaped basic shape consisting of a first and a second substantially rectangular portion, which are spaced apart and substantially parallel to each other and aligned in a first direction, and a third substantially rectangular portion which connecting the first and second sections substantially perpendicularly and aligned in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction, wherein inner flanks of the first and second sections facing the third section are aligned therewith one Include angle.
- the paving stone is characterized in that in the region of each inner flank of the first and second sections at least one projection is provided, which is integrally formed on the edge of the paving stone substantially perpendicular to the top, wherein a depth of the projections parallel to the top of the paving stone more than one Half of a joint width between two adjacent paving stones in the composite amounts. Further, widths of the first and second portions at the edge remote from the third portion in the second direction, the depth and positioning of the projections, and the angle between the inner edges of the first and second portions and the third portion are selected such that The first direction adjacent paving stones can not be pushed together in the first direction to the composite.
- widths of the first and second portions in the second direction, the depth and positioning of the protrusions, and the angle between the inner flanks of the first and second portions and the third portion are selected so as to be adjacent in the first direction
- Paving stones can not be pushed together in the first direction to the composite.
- the paving stones are interlocked with each other both in the first direction (through the protrusions) and in the second direction (through the first and second sections themselves) and can not be pushed apart in either the first or the second direction.
- the H-paving stones maintain a relatively simple shape.
- the "paving stones” are moldings made of concrete, clinker, plastic or any other material. They can be used for attaching, for example, walkways, driveways, squares, parking lots and the like.
- the dimensions (width, length, height) of the paving stones are basically neither up nor down limited.
- the paving stones can be formed both as solid moldings as well as partially hollow moldings.
- the top of the paving stones can be configured either fully closed or partially open.
- Permeable paving stones are also known in the professional world as so-called "grass stones”.
- the top and bottom of the paving stone are generally substantially parallel to one another and the edge is generally substantially straight between the top and bottom without the invention being limited to these two aspects.
- the basic shape of the underside usually agrees with the basic shape of the top, although the invention should not be limited thereto.
- the top and bottom do not necessarily have to be substantially planar, they may also have bulges, structures, profiles, etc.
- the edges of the paving stone can either be sharp-edged, rounded or broken.
- the "rectangular" shape of the first, the second and the third portion of the H-shaped basic shape of the top of the paving stone refers to the basic shape of these sections.
- These sections may, for example, both rectilinear, sectionally rectilinear, curved and / or curved sections have edges running. Also, the respective opposite edges of the "rectangles" do not necessarily have to be exactly parallel to one another.
- the H-shaped paving stones are generally symmetrical. That the first and second portions are formed substantially identically to each other and the third portion is positioned substantially centrally with respect to the first and second portions in the first direction. In the context of the present invention, however, deviations from this exactly symmetrical basic H-shape are also to be possible. For example, the angles of the inner flanks of the first and the second portion relative to the third portion may also be different from each other.
- paving stones with basic shapes that have other elements in addition to the pure H-shape.
- additional elements are, for example, on the first and second portions inwardly projecting flanges for forming a double-T-shape in the sense of, for example DE 295 01 168 U1 or dovetail-shaped projections for forming puzzle-like paving stones in the sense of, for example, the DE 31 42 745 A1 ,
- the “inner flanks” are to be understood as meaning special sections of the edge of the paving stone, which-with respect to the H-shaped basic shape-are provided on the first and second sections and face the third section connecting them.
- "at least one projection” is provided in each case, which depending on the size of the paving stone and the desired accuracy of the mutual toothing of paving stones adjacent to each other can be exactly one, two, three or more projections on an inner flank ,
- the projections are positioned on the inner flanks in such a way that the projections of two paving stones adjacent to one another are offset relative to one another, so that they can interlock with one another.
- the "integrally formed on the edge projections” are preferably made in one piece with the molding of the paving stone, but can optionally be firmly connected to this.
- the "projections” may in principle have any cross section, but they preferably have a rectangular or square cross section with sharp or rounded edges or a semi-circular or semi-elliptical cross section.
- the projections in the height direction of the paving stone ie in the direction of connection of the edge between the top and the bottom of the paving stone, generally extend a predetermined amount, which may correspond to the total height of the paving stone, but may also be smaller.
- the projections extend at least over half the height of the paving stone.
- the projections do not necessarily complete with the top or bottom of the paving stone.
- the protrusions extend from the underside of the plaster over at least half the height of the paving stone towards the top.
- the upper and / or the lower end of a projection in the height direction of the paving stone optionally be parallel to the top or bottom of the paving stone or beveled.
- the angle between the inner flanks of the first and second sections and the third section is substantially 90 degrees, i. the inner flanks of the first and second sections are oriented substantially perpendicular to the connecting third section.
- the angle between the inner flanks of the first and second sections on the one hand and the third section on the other hand in the range of about 90 degrees to about 150 degrees, preferably from about 105 degrees to about 135 degrees.
- This angular orientation of the inner flanks relative to the third section need not necessarily extend over the entire length of the inner flanks.
- the paving stone may optionally only on the inner flanks of the first and second sections, on the inner flanks of the first and second sections and on the first-direction edge portions of the first and second sections or on the inner flanks of the first and of the second portion, at the edge portions extending in the first direction of the first and the second portion and at the extending in the second direction edge portions of the first, second and third portions with projections.
- the depth of the protrusions may range from about 60% to about 90%, preferably from about 65% to about 85%, of the joint width between two adjacent paving stones in the composite.
- the projections may be spaced from the top of the paving stones. In this way, the projections between the adjacent paving stones in the composite with filled joints invisible and the composite shows only the H-shape of the paving stones.
- paving stones in the region of the first, second and / or third portion at least one opening extending from the top to the bottom of the paving stone.
- Paving stones with such openings can be used for example as grass stones.
- Further advantages of such paving stones can be: lower weight, less material used for production, design elements of the top, better infiltration of rainwater.
- the paving stones according to the invention described above can be advantageously laid to a stable composite by being pushed together in the second direction and lifted into each other in the first direction.
- the paving stones according to the invention are laid in substantially the same orientation to each other.
- This laying of paving stones can be done either by machine or by hand.
- a composite of paving stones can be dispensed with special curb elements to limit advantageously.
- curb elements can still be used as an additional mechanical or optical measure.
- the features and configurations of the paving block according to the invention described above can also be combined with each other as desired.
- the inner flanks of the first and second sections can also have a plurality of sections with different angles to the third section. Further, not all inner flanks of the first and second sections need to enclose the same angle with the connecting third section of the paving stone.
- a laying package can be made of several paving stones.
- the inventive method for producing a laying package of several paving stones includes the steps of making several inventive paving stones, pushing together several of these paving stones in the second direction to a row, and the nesting of at least two of the thus assembled rows of paving stones in the first direction.
- a "laying package” is a summary of several paving stones after their production, which can be laid by means of appropriate laying machines.
- the use of laying packages has long been known and leads to a reduction in installation costs and a shortening of the laying time.
- a laying package of the H-shaped paving stones according to the invention consists for example of four rows of four paving stones, without the invention being limited to these numbers.
- the nesting of the paving stones to form the laying package is performed by machine.
- FIG. 1 shows first an H-paving stone 10 in its basic design, from which in a conventional manner, a composite or laying package of nested paving stones can be made.
- the paving stone 10 has a walkable or passable trained top 12 and the top 12 facing away, i. in the installed state the underside facing the bottom 14.
- the top 12 and the bottom 14 are connected by a peripheral, substantially linearly extending therebetween edge 16 with each other.
- the top 12 - and generally also the bottom 14 - has a substantially H-shaped basic shape, best seen in plan, as in FIG FIG. 2 illustrated.
- This basic H-shape is composed of a first section 18a, a second section 18b and a third section 18c.
- the first and second sections 18a, 18b are substantially rectangular in shape, substantially parallel to each other, and substantially aligned in a first direction A.
- the third portion 18c connects the first and second portions 18a, 18b to each other, is also substantially rectangular in shape, is disposed substantially centrally with the first and second portions 18a, 18b in the first direction A, and is substantially in a second direction B. aligned.
- the first direction A and the second direction B are substantially perpendicular to each other.
- a plurality of protrusions 22 are provided along the periphery of the paving stone 10. These projections 22 are integrally formed on the edge 16 of the paving stone 10 and extend substantially perpendicular to the top 12, ie substantially parallel to the direction of connection between the top 12 and the bottom 14 or substantially in the height direction of the paving stone 10. In one embodiment, these projections 22 extend approximately from the bottom 14 of the paving stone 10th at least over half the height, preferably about 50-90 or even 95%, more preferably about 60-85% towards the top 14 of the paving stone 10.
- FIG. 1A A possible shape and distribution of the projections 22 at the edges 16 of the paving stone 10 is in Figure 1A can be seen, in which the height h of the paving stone 10 is located.
- the projections 22 are each beveled at their the top 12 of the paving stone 10 facing ends, these ends may have different curves. Due to the spacing of the projections 22 from the top 12 of the paving stone 10, these are hidden by the joint filling and are no longer visible to the viewer in the finished composite.
- FIG. 1B shows a variant of this paving stone 10 with two openings 13 in the region of the middle third portion 18c extending from the top 12 to the bottom 14 of the paving stone. Through these openings 13, the paving stone 10 can also be used as a lawn stone. In addition, it has a lighter weight and an improved infiltration of rainwater.
- profilings 15 or the like may be provided, which may change, for example, the design of the paving stone 10 and thus the entire composite of paving stones.
- At least one such projection 22 is provided on the inner flanks 20 of the first and second portions 18a, 18b of the paving stone 10, preferably at least two such projections 22 are provided.
- two adjacent projections 22 in the region of the underside 14 of the paving stone 10 are connected to each other via a web. Then a projection 22 of the adjacent paving stone 10, which is positioned between the two projections 22, abuts against this web. In this way, a desired joint width f can be ensured.
- the projections 22 are offset on the inner flanks 20 at two adjacent paving stones 10 to each other and at a close distance from each other. In this way, the projections 22 on the inner flanks 20 in the first direction A interlock. In the second direction B, the mutual toothing is achieved by the shape of the paving stones 10.
- the widths b of the first and second sections 18a, 18b in the second direction B and the depth d of the projections 22 on the inner flanks 20 and possibly on the first direction A extending edge portions of the first and second portions 18a, 18b be selected so that the projections 22 interlock at the inner edges 20 of two adjacent paving stones 10 in one another and thus prevent mutual displacement of these adjacent paving stones 10 in the first direction A.
- the paving stones 10 can therefore not be pushed together in the first direction A to form a composite. Instead, the paving stones 10 must be lifted into one another in this first direction A and subsequently form a composite of paving stones 10 which can not be detached either in the first direction A or in the second direction B.
- the formation of the association is in FIG. 3 illustrated.
- the paving stones 10 can either be spent loose to the site and laid there to composite or previously combined into so-called laying packages before they are laid on the construction site with suitable laying machines for the final composite.
- FIG. 3A First, some paving stones 10 are pushed together in the second direction B to a row. As in FIG. 3B the rows of paving stones 10 thus formed can be pushed together in the first direction A only until their corners or their projections 22 closest to the corners abut one another. Now these rows of paving stones 10 in the first direction A must be raised into each other, as in FIG. 3C shown to form the composite. In the FIGS. 3A to 3C shown operations can be done either manually and / or by machine. A laying package produced in this way comprises, for example, four rows each with four paving stones 10.
- projections 22 are provided on the edge portions of the first and second portions 18a, 18b extending in the first direction A and also on the edge portions of the first, second and third portions 18a, 18b, 18c extending in the second direction B. intended.
- the projections 22 on the inner flanks 20 of the first and second sections 18a, 18b are absolutely necessary for the inventive toothing of adjacent paving stones 10 for stable bonding. This is exemplary in FIG. 5 illustrated as a third embodiment.
- FIG. 4 shows a section of a thus produced laying package or composite of paving 10.
- edge region of the laying package or curbs are used 11, which can be regarded as half, in the middle of the third portion 18c divided paving stones 10 of the invention.
- Such a curb 11 is also in again Fig. 4A individually illustrated.
- FIG. 5 Now, a second embodiment of a paving stone according to the invention will be described in more detail.
- the same or similar components are again with the same reference numerals as in the above-described provided first embodiment.
- the projections 22 in the illustration of FIG. 5 been omitted.
- FIG. 5 is different from the ones in the Figures 2 and 6 illustrated embodiments in that the angle W, the inner flanks 20 of the first and second portions 18a, 18b include with the connecting portion 18c, each selected greater than 90 degrees.
- this angle W is about 120 degrees.
- this angle W is in the range of about 90 degrees to about 150 degrees, preferably from about 105 degrees to about 135 degrees.
- the mutual interlocking between adjacent paving stones 10 is achieved solely by their basic shape.
- the provision of projections 22 on the inner flanks 20 of the first and second sections 18a, 18b is not absolutely necessary for this purpose.
- paving stone also be provided with integrally formed on the edge 16 projections 22.
- These projections 22 can optionally on the inner flanks 20 of the first and second portions 18a, 18b, on the edge portions of the first and second portions 18a, 18b extending in the first direction A and / or on the edge portions extending in the second direction B. of the first, second and third sections 18a, 18b, 18c.
- the width c of the recess between the first and second portions 18a, 18b is greater than the sum of the widths b of the first portion 18a and the second portion 18b.
- width c of the recess at the boundary to the third portion 18 c and the widths b of the first and second portions 18 a, 18 b can be measured at the outer edges to obtain the largest dimensions.
- the smallest dimensions can be used, ie the width c of the recess at the outer edge of the paving stone 10 and the widths b of the first and second sections 18a, 18b at the level of the flank of the third section 18c.
- a determination of all widths b and c midway between the flank of the third section 18c and the outer edges of the first and second sections 18a, 18b is conceivable.
- flanks of the connecting third section 18c of the paving stone were aligned substantially parallel to one another and substantially parallel to the second direction B, it is also possible to make at least one of the two flanks of the third section 18c at an angle to the second direction B. This angle is for example in the range of about 2 to 5 degrees.
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Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Pflasterstein gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1 und einen Verbund aus einer Vielzahl solcher Pflastersteine sowie ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Verlegepakets aus mehreren Pflastersteinen.The present invention relates to a paving stone according to the preamble of claim 1 and a composite of a plurality of such paving stones and a method for producing a laying package of several paving stones.
Pflastersteine mit einer H-förmigen Grundform sind in der Praxis seit langem bekannt. Sie besitzen üblicherweise eine begehbare oder befahrbare Oberseite, eine dem Untergrund zugewandte Unterseite und einen zwischen der Oberseite und der Unterseite im Wesentlichen geradlinig verlaufenden Rand. Die Grundform der Oberseite bzw. der Unterseite besteht aus zwei im Wesentlichen rechteckigen Abschnitten, die voneinander beabstandet und im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander in einer ersten Richtung verlaufen, sowie einem weiteren im Wesentlichen rechteckigen Abschnitt, der die beiden parallelen Abschnitte im Wesentlichen senkrecht miteinander verbindet und in einer zweiten Richtung, die im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur ersten Richtung verläuft, ausgerichtet ist.Paving stones with an H-shaped basic shape have long been known in practice. They usually have a walkable or passable top, a bottom facing the ground and a substantially rectilinearly extending between the top and the bottom edge. The basic shape of the upper side or the underside consists of two substantially rectangular sections, which are spaced apart and extend substantially parallel to one another in a first direction, and a further substantially rectangular section, which connects the two parallel sections substantially perpendicular to each other and in a second direction, which is substantially perpendicular to the first direction, is aligned.
Derartige H-förmigen Pflastersteine sind zum Beispiel aus der
Beim Herstellen dieser herkömmlichen Pflastersteine entsteht, bedingt durch die Fertigungsformen, ein Abstand zwischen den einzelnen Pflastersteinen. Zum Palettieren erfolgt dann ein Zusammenschieben der Pflastersteine in zwei zueinander orthogonalen Richtungen auf dem Fertigungsbrett, sodass ein loser Verbund entsteht. Beim manuellen oder maschinellen Verlegen der Pflastersteine wird dieser lose Verbund beibehalten. Problematisch ist hierbei, dass beim Einwirken entsprechender Kräfte zum Beispiel beim Befahren mit Fahrzeugen dieser Verbund aus Pflastersteinen auch einfach wieder aufgelöst werden kann. Um dem entgegenzuwirken ist es bekannt, den verlegten Verbund aus Pflastersteinen mit Hilfe geeigneter Randsteinelemente zusammenzuhalten.When manufacturing these conventional paving stones created, due to the manufacturing forms, a distance between the individual paving stones. For palletizing then the paving stones are pushed together in two mutually orthogonal directions on the production board, so that a loose bond is formed. When manually or mechanically laying the paving stones this loose bond is maintained. The problem here is that when exposed to appropriate forces, for example when driving on vehicles, this composite of paving stones can also be easily dissolved again. To counteract this, it is known to hold together the installed composite of paving stones with the aid of suitable curb elements.
Je nach Grundform des Pflastersteins ist es möglich, durch Anformen der Vorsprünge bzw. Abstandhalter in zueinander versetzter Anordnung eine gegenseitige Verzahnung der benachbarten Pflastersteine zu erzielen. Derartige Pflastersteine sind zum Beispiel aus der
Pflastersteine zum Erzielen eines stabilen Verbundes in beiden Richtungen sind beispielsweise in
Die
Es ist eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, einen H-förmigen Pflasterstein zu schaffen, der in einem stabilen Verbund verlegt werden kann.It is an object of the present invention to provide an H-shaped paving stone which can be laid in a stable composite.
Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung wird diese Aufgabe gelöst durch einen Pflasterstein mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Ausgestaltungen sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen angegeben.According to the present invention, this object is achieved by a paving stone with the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments and refinements are specified in the dependent claims.
Der Pflasterstein zum Bilden eines Verbundes aus einer Vielzahl solcher Pflastersteine hat eine begehbare oder befahrbare Oberseite, eine der Oberseite abgewandte Unterseite und einen zwischen der Oberseite und der Unterseite verlaufenden Rand. Die Oberseite weist eine im Wesentlichen H-förmige Grundform auf, bestehend aus einem ersten und einem zweiten im Wesentlichen rechteckigen Abschnitt, die voneinander beabstandet und im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander verlaufen und in einer ersten Richtung ausgerichtet sind, sowie einem dritten im Wesentlichen rechteckigen Abschnitt, der den ersten und den zweiten Abschnitt im Wesentlichen senkrecht miteinander verbindet und in einer zweiten Richtung, die im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur ersten Richtung verläuft, ausgerichtet ist, wobei innere Flanken des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts, die dem dritten Abschnitt zugewandt sind, mit diesem einen vorbestimmten Winkel einschließen. Der Pflasterstein ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Bereich jeder inneren Flanke des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts wenigstens ein Vorsprung vorgesehen ist, der am Rand des Pflastersteins im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Oberseite angeformt ist, wobei eine Tiefe der Vorsprünge parallel zur Oberseite des Pflastersteins mehr als eine Hälfte einer Fugenbreite zwischen zwei benachbarten Pflastersteinen in dem Verbund beträgt. Weiter sind Breiten des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts an dem dem dritten Abschnitt abgewandten Rand in der zweiten Richtung, die Tiefe und eine Positionierung der Vorsprünge sowie der Winkel zwischen den inneren Flanken des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts und dem dritten Abschnitt derart gewählt, dass in der ersten Richtung benachbarte Pflastersteine nicht in der ersten Richtung zum Verbund zusammengeschoben werden können.The paving stone for forming a composite of a plurality of such paving stones has a walkable or passable top, an upper side facing away from the top and a running between the top and the bottom edge. The upper side has a substantially H-shaped basic shape consisting of a first and a second substantially rectangular portion, which are spaced apart and substantially parallel to each other and aligned in a first direction, and a third substantially rectangular portion which connecting the first and second sections substantially perpendicularly and aligned in a second direction substantially perpendicular to the first direction, wherein inner flanks of the first and second sections facing the third section are aligned therewith one Include angle. The paving stone is characterized in that in the region of each inner flank of the first and second sections at least one projection is provided, which is integrally formed on the edge of the paving stone substantially perpendicular to the top, wherein a depth of the projections parallel to the top of the paving stone more than one Half of a joint width between two adjacent paving stones in the composite amounts. Further, widths of the first and second portions at the edge remote from the third portion in the second direction, the depth and positioning of the projections, and the angle between the inner edges of the first and second portions and the third portion are selected such that The first direction adjacent paving stones can not be pushed together in the first direction to the composite.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Pflasterstein sind Breiten des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts in der zweiten Richtung, die Tiefe und eine Positionierung der Vorsprünge sowie der Winkel zwischen den inneren Flanken des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts und dem dritten Abschnitt derart gewählt, dass in der ersten Richtung benachbarte Pflastersteine nicht in der ersten Richtung zum Verbund zusammengeschoben werden können. Durch diese Maßnahme sind die Pflastersteine im Verbund sowohl in der ersten Richtung (durch die Vorsprünge) als auch in der zweiten Richtung (durch die ersten und zweiten Abschnitt selbst) ineinander verzahnt und können weder in der ersten noch in der zweiten Richtung auseinander geschoben werden. Auf diese Weise kann auch ohne spezielle Randsteinelemente zur Begrenzung ein stabiler Verbund von Pflastersteinen erzielt werden. Zudem behalten die H-Pflastersteine eine relativ einfache Formgebung bei.In the paving block of the invention, widths of the first and second portions in the second direction, the depth and positioning of the protrusions, and the angle between the inner flanks of the first and second portions and the third portion are selected so as to be adjacent in the first direction Paving stones can not be pushed together in the first direction to the composite. By this measure, the paving stones are interlocked with each other both in the first direction (through the protrusions) and in the second direction (through the first and second sections themselves) and can not be pushed apart in either the first or the second direction. In this way, even without special curb elements for limiting a stable composite of paving stones can be achieved. In addition, the H-paving stones maintain a relatively simple shape.
Bei den "Pflastersteinen" handelt es sich um Formkörper aus Beton, Klinker, Kunststoff oder einem beliebigen anderen Material. Sie können zum Befestigen von zum Beispiel Gehwegen, Zufahrten, Plätzen, Parkplätzen und dergleichen eingesetzt werden. Die Abmessungen (Breite, Länge, Höhe) der Pflastersteine sind dabei grundsätzlich weder nach oben noch nach unten begrenzt.The "paving stones" are moldings made of concrete, clinker, plastic or any other material. They can be used for attaching, for example, walkways, driveways, squares, parking lots and the like. The dimensions (width, length, height) of the paving stones are basically neither up nor down limited.
Die Pflastersteine können dabei sowohl als massive Formkörper als auch als teilweise hohle Formkörper ausgebildet sein. Außerdem kann die Oberseite der Pflastersteine wahlweise vollständig geschlossen oder teilweise durchbrochen ausgestaltet sein. Durchlässige Pflastersteine sind in der Fachwelt auch als so genannte "Rasensteine" bekannt.The paving stones can be formed both as solid moldings as well as partially hollow moldings. In addition, the top of the paving stones can be configured either fully closed or partially open. Permeable paving stones are also known in the professional world as so-called "grass stones".
Die Oberseite und die Unterseite des Pflastersteins verlaufen zumeist im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander und der Rand verläuft im Allgemeinen im Wesentlichen geradlinig zwischen der Oberseite und der Unterseite, ohne dass die Erfindung auf diese beiden Aspekte beschränkt sein soll. Ferner stimmt die Grundform der Unterseite zumeist mit der Grundform der Oberseite ein, auch wenn die Erfindung auch hierauf nicht beschränkt sein soll. Außerdem müssen die Oberseite und die Unterseite nicht notwendigerweise im Wesentlichen eben bzw. plan ausgebildet sein, sie können ebenso Wölbungen, Strukturen, Profile etc. aufweisen. Insbesondere ist es dabei denkbar, die Unterseite des Pflastersteins mit nutenartigen Profilen zum Zwecke einer Drainage oder mit Profilen zur besseren Verankerung der Pflastersteine auf dem Untergrund auszubilden. Die Kanten des Pflastersteins können wahlweise scharfkantig, abgerundet oder gebrochen ausgebildet sein.The top and bottom of the paving stone are generally substantially parallel to one another and the edge is generally substantially straight between the top and bottom without the invention being limited to these two aspects. Furthermore, the basic shape of the underside usually agrees with the basic shape of the top, although the invention should not be limited thereto. In addition, the top and bottom do not necessarily have to be substantially planar, they may also have bulges, structures, profiles, etc. In particular, it is conceivable to use the underside of the Paving stone with groove-like profiles for the purpose of drainage or with profiles for better anchoring the paving stones on the ground form. The edges of the paving stone can either be sharp-edged, rounded or broken.
Die "rechteckige" Form des ersten, des zweiten und des dritten Abschnitts der H-förmigen Grundform der Oberseite des Pflastersteins bezieht sich jeweils auf die Grundform dieser Abschnitte. Dabei können diese Abschnitte zum Beispiel sowohl geradlinig, abschnittweise geradlinig, gekrümmt und/oder abschnittweise gekrümmt verlaufende Ränder aufweisen. Auch müssen die jeweils gegenüberliegenden Kanten der "Rechtecke" nicht notwendigerweise exakt parallel zueinander verlaufen. So ist es insbesondere auch möglich, durch eine winklige Anstellung wenigstens einer in der zweiten Richtung verlaufenden Außenflanke des verbindenden dritten Abschnitts und/ oder eine winklige Anstellung einer in der ersten Richtung verlaufenden Außenflanke des ersten und/oder des zweiten Abschnitts den Pflastersteinen eine gewisse Keilform zu verleihen und damit einen so genannten Kurvensatz zum Verlegen von Pflastersteinverbünden mit Kurven bzw. Radien bereitzustellen.The "rectangular" shape of the first, the second and the third portion of the H-shaped basic shape of the top of the paving stone refers to the basic shape of these sections. These sections may, for example, both rectilinear, sectionally rectilinear, curved and / or curved sections have edges running. Also, the respective opposite edges of the "rectangles" do not necessarily have to be exactly parallel to one another. Thus, it is also possible in particular by an angular adjustment of at least one extending in the second direction outer edge of the connecting third portion and / or an angular employment of extending in the first direction outer edge of the first and / or the second portion of the paving stones a certain wedge shape lend and thus provide a so-called set of curves for laying paving stone composites with curves or radii.
Ferner sind die H-förmigen Pflastersteine im Allgemeinen symmetrisch aufgebaut. D.h. der erste und der zweite Abschnitt sind im Wesentlichen identisch zueinander geformt und der dritte Abschnitt ist in Bezug auf den ersten und den zweiten Abschnitt in der ersten Richtung im Wesentlichen mittig positioniert. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung sollen aber auch Abweichungen von dieser exakt symmetrischen H-Grundform möglich sein. Beispielsweise können die Winkel der inneren Flanken des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts gegenüber dem dritten Abschnitt auch unterschiedlich zueinander sein.Furthermore, the H-shaped paving stones are generally symmetrical. That the first and second portions are formed substantially identically to each other and the third portion is positioned substantially centrally with respect to the first and second portions in the first direction. In the context of the present invention, however, deviations from this exactly symmetrical basic H-shape are also to be possible. For example, the angles of the inner flanks of the first and the second portion relative to the third portion may also be different from each other.
Von den "H-förmigen Pflastersteinen" im Sinne dieser Erfindung zu unterscheiden sind Pflastersteine mit Grundformen, die neben der reinen H-Form noch weitere Elemente besitzen. Solche Zusatzelemente sind zum Beispiel an den ersten und zweiten Abschnitten nach innen ragende Flansche zum Bilden einer Doppel-T-Form im Sinne zum Beispiel der
Unter den "inneren Flanken" sind spezielle Abschnitte des Randes des Pflastersteins zu verstehen, die - bezogen auf die H-förmige Grundform - an dem ersten und dem zweiten Abschnitt vorgesehen und dabei dem diese verbindenden dritten Abschnitt zugewandt sind.The "inner flanks" are to be understood as meaning special sections of the edge of the paving stone, which-with respect to the H-shaped basic shape-are provided on the first and second sections and face the third section connecting them.
An diesen inneren Flanken ist jeweils "wenigstens ein Vorsprung" vorgesehen, wobei es sich hierbei je nach Größe des Pflastersteins und gewünschter Genauigkeit der gegenseitigen Verzahnung von im Verbund benachbarten Pflastersteinen um genau einen, um zwei, drei oder mehr Vorsprünge an einer inneren Flanke handeln kann. Die Vorsprünge sind dabei derart an den inneren Flanken positioniert, dass die Vorsprünge von zwei im Verbund benachbarten Pflastersteinen versetzt zueinander angeordnet sind, sodass sie sich gegenseitig verzahnen können. Je genauer die Genauigkeit dieser Verzahnung sein soll, umso enger sind die versetzten Vorsprünge der benachbarten Vorsprünge zueinander angeordnet.At these inner flanks, "at least one projection" is provided in each case, which depending on the size of the paving stone and the desired accuracy of the mutual toothing of paving stones adjacent to each other can be exactly one, two, three or more projections on an inner flank , In this case, the projections are positioned on the inner flanks in such a way that the projections of two paving stones adjacent to one another are offset relative to one another, so that they can interlock with one another. The more accurate the accuracy of this toothing should be, the closer the staggered projections of the adjacent projections are arranged to each other.
Die "am Rand angeformten Vorsprünge" sind vorzugsweise einstückig mit dem Formkörper des Pflastersteins gefertigt, können wahlweise aber auch fest mit diesem verbunden sein. Die "Vorsprünge" können grundsätzlich einen beliebigen Querschnitt haben, sie besitzen aber vorzugsweise einen rechteckigen oder quadratischen Querschnitt mit scharfen oder abgerundeten Kanten oder einen halbkreisförmigen oder halbelliptischen Querschnitt.The "integrally formed on the edge projections" are preferably made in one piece with the molding of the paving stone, but can optionally be firmly connected to this. The "projections" may in principle have any cross section, but they preferably have a rectangular or square cross section with sharp or rounded edges or a semi-circular or semi-elliptical cross section.
Außerdem erstrecken sich die Vorsprünge in Höhenrichtung des Pflastersteins, d.h. in der Verbindungsrichtung des Randes zwischen der Oberseite und der Unterseite des Pflastersteins, allgemein ein vorbestimmtes Maß, welches der gesamten Höhe des Pflastersteins entsprechen, aber auch kleiner sein kann. Vorzugsweise erstrecken sich die Vorsprünge zumindest über die halbe Höhe des Pflastersteins. Hierbei müssen die Vorsprünge nicht notwendigerweise mit der Oberseite oder der Unterseite des Pflastersteins abschließen. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform erstrecken sich die Vorsprünge ausgehend von der Unterseite des Pflasterseins über wenigstens die halbe Höhe des Pflastersteins in Richtung zur Oberseite. Des Weiteren können der obere und/oder der untere Abschluss eines Vorsprungs in der Höhenrichtung des Pflastersteins wahlweise parallel zur Oberseite bzw. Unterseite des Pflastersteins verlaufen oder abgeschrägt sein.In addition, the projections in the height direction of the paving stone, ie in the direction of connection of the edge between the top and the bottom of the paving stone, generally extend a predetermined amount, which may correspond to the total height of the paving stone, but may also be smaller. Preferably, the projections extend at least over half the height of the paving stone. In this case, the projections do not necessarily complete with the top or bottom of the paving stone. In a preferred embodiment, the protrusions extend from the underside of the plaster over at least half the height of the paving stone towards the top. Furthermore, the upper and / or the lower end of a projection in the height direction of the paving stone optionally be parallel to the top or bottom of the paving stone or beveled.
In einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung beträgt der Winkel zwischen den inneren Flanken des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts und dem dritten Abschnitt im Wesentlichen 90 Grad, d.h. die inneren Flanken des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts sind im Wesentlichen senkrecht zum verbindenden dritten Abschnitt ausgerichtet.In one embodiment of the invention, the angle between the inner flanks of the first and second sections and the third section is substantially 90 degrees, i. the inner flanks of the first and second sections are oriented substantially perpendicular to the connecting third section.
In einer anderen Ausgestaltung der Erfindung liegt der Winkel zwischen den inneren Flanken des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts einerseits und dem dritten Abschnitt andererseits im Bereich von etwa 90 Grad bis zu etwa 150 Grad, vorzugsweise von etwa 105 Grad bis zu etwa 135 Grad. Diese winklige Ausrichtung der inneren Flanken relativ zu dem dritten Abschnitt muss sich nicht notwendigerweise über die gesamte Länge der inneren Flanken erstrecken.In another embodiment of the invention, the angle between the inner flanks of the first and second sections on the one hand and the third section on the other hand in the range of about 90 degrees to about 150 degrees, preferably from about 105 degrees to about 135 degrees. This angular orientation of the inner flanks relative to the third section need not necessarily extend over the entire length of the inner flanks.
Ferner kann der Pflasterstein wahlweise nur an den inneren Flanken des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts, an den inneren Flanken des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts sowie an den in der ersten Richtung verlaufenden Randabschnitten des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts oder an den inneren Flanken des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts, an den in der ersten Richtung verlaufenden Randabschnitten des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts sowie an den in der zweiten Richtung verlaufenden Randabschnitten des ersten, zweiten und dritten Abschnitts mit Vorsprüngen versehen sein.Further, the paving stone may optionally only on the inner flanks of the first and second sections, on the inner flanks of the first and second sections and on the first-direction edge portions of the first and second sections or on the inner flanks of the first and of the second portion, at the edge portions extending in the first direction of the first and the second portion and at the extending in the second direction edge portions of the first, second and third portions with projections.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann bei den oben beschriebenen Pflastersteinen die Tiefe der Vorsprünge im Bereich von etwa 60% bis etwa 90%, vorzugsweise von etwa 65% bis etwa 85% der Fugenbreite zwischen zwei benachbarten Pflastersteinen in dem Verbund betragen.In a further embodiment of the invention, in the paving stones described above, the depth of the protrusions may range from about 60% to about 90%, preferably from about 65% to about 85%, of the joint width between two adjacent paving stones in the composite.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung können bei den oben beschriebenen Pflastersteinen die Vorsprünge von der Oberseite der Pflastersteine beabstandet sein. Auf diese Weise können die Vorsprünge zwischen den benachbarten Pflastersteinen im Verbund bei gefüllten Fugen unsichtbar sei und der Verbund zeigt ausschließlich die H-Form der Pflastersteine.In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, in the paving stones described above, the projections may be spaced from the top of the paving stones. In this way, the projections between the adjacent paving stones in the composite with filled joints invisible and the composite shows only the H-shape of the paving stones.
In einer weiteren vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann bei den oben beschriebenen Pflastersteinen im Bereich des ersten, des zweiten und/oder des dritten Abschnitts wenigstens eine Durchbrechung vorgesehen sein, die sich von der Oberseite zur Unterseite des Pflastersteins erstreckt. Pflastersteine mit solchen Durchbrechungen können zum Beispiel als Rasensteine eingesetzt werden. Weitere Vorteile solcher Pflastersteine können sein: geringeres Gewicht, geringerer Werkstoffeinsatz für die Herstellung, Designelemente der Oberseite, bessere Versickerung von Regenwasser.In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention may be provided at the above-described paving stones in the region of the first, second and / or third portion at least one opening extending from the top to the bottom of the paving stone. Paving stones with such openings can be used for example as grass stones. Further advantages of such paving stones can be: lower weight, less material used for production, design elements of the top, better infiltration of rainwater.
Die oben beschriebenen Pflastersteine gemäß der Erfindung können in vorteilhafter Weise zu einem stabilen Verbund verlegt werden, indem sie in der zweiten Richtung zusammengeschoben und in der ersten Richtung ineinander gehoben werden. Dabei werden die erfindungsgemäßen Pflastersteine in im Wesentlichen gleicher Ausrichtung zueinander verlegt.The paving stones according to the invention described above can be advantageously laid to a stable composite by being pushed together in the second direction and lifted into each other in the first direction. In this case, the paving stones according to the invention are laid in substantially the same orientation to each other.
Dieses Verlegen der Pflastersteine kann dabei wahlweise maschinell oder von Hand erfolgen. Bei einem solchen Verbund von Pflastersteinen kann in vorteilhafter Weise auf spezielle Randsteinelemente zur Begrenzung verzichtet werden. Falls erwünscht, können derartige Randsteinelemente aber natürlich dennoch als zusätzliche mechanische oder optische Maßnahme verwendet werden.This laying of paving stones can be done either by machine or by hand. In such a composite of paving stones can be dispensed with special curb elements to limit advantageously. Of course, if desired, such curb elements can still be used as an additional mechanical or optical measure.
Ferner können die oben beschriebenen Merkmale und Ausgestaltungen des erfindungsgemäßen Pflastersteins auch beliebig miteinander kombiniert werden. Insbesondere können die inneren Flanken des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts auch mehrere Abschnitte mit unterschiedlichen Winkeln zum dritten Abschnitt aufweisen. Weiter müssen nicht alle inneren Flanken des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts den gleichen Winkel mit dem verbindenden dritten Abschnitt des Pflastersteins einschließen.Furthermore, the features and configurations of the paving block according to the invention described above can also be combined with each other as desired. In particular, the inner flanks of the first and second sections can also have a plurality of sections with different angles to the third section. Further, not all inner flanks of the first and second sections need to enclose the same angle with the connecting third section of the paving stone.
Schließlich kann aus den oben beschriebenen Pflastersteinen der Erfindung auch in vorteilhafter Weise ein Verlegepaket aus mehreren Pflastersteinen hergestellt werden. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Verlegepakets aus mehreren Pflastersteinen enthält die Schritte des Fertigens mehrerer erfindungsgemäßer Pflastersteine, des Zusammenschiebens mehrerer dieser Pflastersteine in der zweiten Richtung zu einer Reihe, und des Ineinanderhebens von wenigstens zwei der so zusammengesetzten Reihen von Pflastersteinen in der ersten Richtung.Finally, from the paving stones of the invention described above also advantageously a laying package can be made of several paving stones. The inventive method for producing a laying package of several paving stones includes the steps of making several inventive paving stones, pushing together several of these paving stones in the second direction to a row, and the nesting of at least two of the thus assembled rows of paving stones in the first direction.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Konstruktion der Pflastersteine und das Ineinanderheben der Pflastersteine in der ersten Richtung (im Gegensatz zum herkömmlichen bloßen Zusammenschieben) wird bereits bei der Bereitstellung des Verlegepakets ein stabiler Verbund der Pflastersteine erreicht. Aufgrund der verbesserten Stabilität eines solchen Verlegepakets können diese Verlegepakete dann einfacher weiter verarbeitet, d.h. insbesondere gelagert, transportiert und vor Ort zu einem Verbund aus einer Vielzahl von Pflastersteinen verlegt werden.Due to the inventive construction of the paving stones and the nesting of the paving stones in the first direction (in contrast to the conventional mere pushing together) a stable bond of the paving stones is already achieved in the provision of the laying package. Due to the improved stability of such a laying package, these laying packages can then be processed more easily, i. in particular stored, transported and laid on site to form a composite of a variety of paving stones.
Bei einem "Verlegepaket" handelt es sich um eine Zusammenfassung mehrerer Pflastersteine nach deren Fertigung, das mittels entsprechender Verlegemaschinen verlegt werden kann. Der Einsatz von Verlegepaketen ist bereits seit langem bekannt und führt zu einer Senkung der Verlegekosten und einer Verkürzung der Verlegezeit. Beim Verlegen der Pflastersteine vor Ort werden dann mehrere solcher Verlegepaket zu einem größeren Verbund miteinander verlegt.A "laying package" is a summary of several paving stones after their production, which can be laid by means of appropriate laying machines. The use of laying packages has long been known and leads to a reduction in installation costs and a shortening of the laying time. When laying the pavers on site then several such laying package are laid together to form a larger composite.
Gemäß der Erfindung werden jeweils mehrere Pflastersteine gemeinsam in mehrere andere Pflastersteine gehoben. Auf diese Weise kann die Zeit zum Zusammenstellen des Verlegepakets verkürzt werden.According to the invention, in each case several paving stones are lifted together into several other paving stones. In this way, the time to assemble the laying package can be shortened.
Ein Verlegepaket aus den erfindungsgemäßen H-förmigen Pflastersteinen besteht zum Beispiel aus vier Reihen von jeweils vier Pflastersteinen, ohne dass die Erfindung auf diese Zahlen beschränkt sein soll.A laying package of the H-shaped paving stones according to the invention consists for example of four rows of four paving stones, without the invention being limited to these numbers.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung wird das Ineinanderheben der Pflastersteine zum Bilden des Verlegepakets maschinell durchgeführt.In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the nesting of the paving stones to form the laying package is performed by machine.
Obige sowie weitere Merkmale, Vorteile und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der Erfindung werden aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung verschiedener bevorzugter, die Erfindung nicht einschränkender Ausführungsbeispiele anhand der beiliegenden Zeichnungen besser verständlich. Darin zeigen:
- Fig. 1
- eine vereinfachte Perspektivansicht eines Pflastersteins gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung;
- Fig. 1A
- eine Perspektivansicht eines Pflastersteins gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung;
- Fig.
- 1B eine Perspektivansicht eines Pflastersteins gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung;
- Fig. 2
- eine schematische Darstellung eines Pflastersteins gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel in Draufsicht;
- Fig. 3A bis C
- schematische Darstellungen zum Erläutern des Herstellens eines Verlegepakets oder eines Verbundes aus Pflastersteinen von
Fig. 2 ; - Fig. 4
- eine schematische ausschnittweise Darstellung eines nach dem Verfahren von
Figuren 3A bis 3C erzeugten Verlegepakets oder Verbundes aus mehreren Pflastersteinen gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel vonFigur 2 ; - Fig. 4A
- eine Perspektivansicht eines als Begrenzungsstein einsetzbaren Pflastersteins für das Verlegepaket bzw. den Verbund von
Figur 4 ; - Fig. 5
- eine schematische Darstellung eines Pflastersteins gemäß einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel in Draufsicht;
- Fig. 6
- eine schematische Darstellung eines Pflastersteins gemäß einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel in Draufsicht; und
- Fig. 7
- eine schematische Darstellung eines Pflastersteins gemäß einer herkömmlichen Ausführungsform in Draufsicht zum Vergleich.
- Fig. 1
- a simplified perspective view of a paving stone according to the present invention;
- Fig. 1A
- a perspective view of a paving stone according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
- FIG.
- 1B is a perspective view of a paving stone according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
- Fig. 2
- a schematic representation of a paving stone according to a first embodiment in plan view;
- Fig. 3A to C
- schematic representations for explaining the production of a laying package or a composite of paving stones of
Fig. 2 ; - Fig. 4
- a schematic fragmentary view of a according to the method of
FIGS. 3A to 3C produced laying package or composite of several paving stones according to the embodiment ofFIG. 2 ; - Fig. 4A
- a perspective view of usable as a boundary stone paving stone for the laying package or the composite of
FIG. 4 ; - Fig. 5
- a schematic representation of a paving stone according to a second embodiment in plan view;
- Fig. 6
- a schematic representation of a paving stone according to a third embodiment in plan view; and
- Fig. 7
- a schematic representation of a paving stone according to a conventional embodiment in plan view for comparison.
Der Pflasterstein 10 besitzt eine begehbar oder befahrbar ausgebildete Oberseite 12 und eine der Oberseite 12 abgewandte, d.h. im verlegten Zustand dem Untergrund zugewandte Unterseite 14. Die Oberseite 12 und die Unterseite 14 sind durch einen umlaufenden, im Wesentlichen geradlinig zwischen diesen verlaufenden Rand 16 miteinander verbunden.The paving
Ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel dieses H-förmigen Pflastersteins wird nun Bezug nehmend auf die
Die Oberseite 12 - und im Allgemeinen auch die Unterseite 14 - hat eine im Wesentlichen H-förmige Grundform, die am besten in der Draufsicht zu erkennen ist, wie in
Die (insgesamt vier) als innere Flanken 20 zu bezeichnenden Randabschnitte des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts 18a, 18b, die dem verbindenden dritten Abschnitt 18c zugewandt sind, schließen mit diesem dritten Abschnitt 18c einen vorbestimmten Winkel W ein, der in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel jeweils etwa 90 Grad beträgt.The (four in total) edge portions of the first and
Ferner ist entlang des Umfanges des Pflastersteins 10 eine Vielzahl von Vorsprüngen 22 vorgesehen. Diese Vorsprünge 22 sind an dem Rand 16 des Pflastersteins 10 angeformt und verlaufen im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Oberseite 12, d.h. im Wesentlichen parallel zur Verbindungsrichtung zwischen der Oberseite 12 und der Unterseite 14 bzw. im Wesentlichen in der Höhenrichtung des Pflastersteins 10. In einer Ausführungsform erstrecken sich diese Vorsprünge 22 etwa von der Unterseite 14 des Pflastersteins 10 wenigstens über die halbe Höhe, vorzugsweise etwa 50-90 oder sogar 95%, bevorzugter etwa 60-85% in Richtung zur Oberseite 14 des Pflastersteins 10.Further, along the periphery of the paving
Eine mögliche Form und Verteilung der Vorsprünge 22 an den Rändern 16 des Pflastersteins 10 ist in
An bzw. in der Oberseite 12 des Pflastersteins 10 können zudem Profilierungen 15 oder dergleichen vorgesehen sein, die zum Beispiel das Design des Pflastersteins 10 und damit des gesamten Verbundes von Pflastersteinen verändern können.On or in the top 12 of the paving
Wie in der Draufsicht von
Weiter ist in
Wie in
Um einen stabilen Verbund der verlegten Pflastersteine 10 zu erzielen, sind die Vorsprünge 22 an den inneren Flanken 20 an zwei benachbarten Pflastersteinen 10 versetzt zueinander und in einem engen Abstand voneinander angeordnet. Auf diese Weise können sich die Vorsprünge 22 an den inneren Flanken 20 in der ersten Richtung A ineinander verzahnen. In der zweiten Richtung B wird die gegenseitige Verzahnung durch die Form der Pflastersteine 10 erzielt. Dabei müssen die Breiten b des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts 18a, 18b in der zweiten Richtung B und die Tiefe d der Vorsprünge 22 an den inneren Flanken 20 und ggf. an den in der ersten Richtung A verlaufenden Randabschnitten des ersten und zweiten Abschnitts 18a, 18b so gewählt sein, dass sich die Vorsprünge 22 an den inneren Flanken 20 von zwei benachbarten Pflastersteinen 10 ineinander verzahnen und so ein gegenseitiges Verschieben dieser benachbarten Pflastersteine 10 in der ersten Richtung A verhindern.In order to achieve a stable composite of the laid paving
Die Pflastersteine 10 können also in der ersten Richtung A nicht zum Verbund zusammengeschoben werden. Stattdessen müssen die Pflastersteine 10 in dieser ersten Richtung A ineinander gehoben werden und bilden anschließend einen weder in der ersten Richtung A noch in der zweiten Richtung B lösbaren Verbund von Pflastersteinen 10.The paving
Die Bildung des Verbundes ist in
In
In diesem Ausführungsbeispiel sind zudem Vorsprünge 22 an den in der ersten Richtung A verlaufenden Randabschnitten des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts 18a, 18b und auch an den in der zweiten Richtung B verlaufenden Randabschnitten des ersten, des zweiten und des dritten Abschnitts 18a, 18b, 18c vorgesehen. Für die erfindungsgemäße Verzahnung benachbarter Pflastersteine 10 zum stabilen Verbund sind jedoch nur die Vorsprünge 22 an den inneren Flanken 20 des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts 18a, 18b unbedingt erforderlich. Dies ist beispielhaft in
Unter Bezug auf
Das Ausführungsbeispiel von
In dem Beispiel von
Bei dieser Grundform des H-förmigen Pflastersteins, der im Wesentlichen jener der herkömmlichen H-Pflastersteine entspricht, muss darauf geachtet werden, dass die Tiefe d der Vorsprünge 22 an den inneren Flanken 20 ausreichend groß gewählt ist, sodass die gegenseitige Verzahnung zwischen den angrenzenden Pflastersteinen 10 gewährleistet und ein Ineinander- und Auseinander-Schieben benachbarter Pflastersteine in der ersten Richtung A verhindert ist.In this basic shape of the H-shaped paving stone, which essentially corresponds to that of the conventional H-paving stones, care must be taken that the depth d of the
Die übrigen Merkmale und die Verlegeweise dieses Pflastersteins 10 entsprechen jenen des ersten Ausführungsbeispiels von
Bezug nehmend auf
Bei dem Pflasterstein von
Bei dieser Ausführungsform wird die gegenseitige Verzahnung zwischen benachbarten Pflastersteinen 10 allein durch deren Grundform erzielt. Das Vorsehen von Vorsprüngen 22 an den inneren Flanken 20 des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts 18a, 18b ist zu diesem Zweck nicht zwingend erforderlich.In this embodiment, the mutual interlocking between adjacent paving
Im Fall der
In die zwischen den gegenüber liegenden inneren Flanken 20 des ersten und des zweiten Abschnitts 18a, 18b des Pflastersteins 10 gebildete Ausnehmung werden dann wie in den obigen Ausführungsbeispielen jeweils die ersten bzw. zweiten Abschnitte von zwei benachbarten Pflastersteinen eingesetzt. Zu diesem Zweck ist die Breite c der Ausnehmung zwischen den ersten und zweiten Abschnitten 18a, 18b größer als die Summe der Breiten b des ersten Abschnitts 18a und des zweiten Abschnitts 18b gewählt.In the recess formed between the opposite
Wie in
Während in den oben beschriebenen Ausführungsbeispielen der
Durch diese Konstruktion ergibt sich eine gewisse Keilform des Pflastersteins 10 in der zweiten Richtung. Hierdurch kann ein so genannter Kurvensatz von Pflastersteinen 10 hergestellt werden, mit dem ein Verbund mit Kurven bzw. Radien verlegt werden kann. Ein solcher Kurvensatz ist dem Fachmann bereits grundsätzlich bekannt (vgl. zum Beispiel einen Kurvensatz zu Pflastersteinen mit der Bezeichnung UNNI - 2N der UNI-International Bausysteme GmbH & Co. KG, Bremen), sodass er hier nicht näher erläutert werden muss.By this construction results in a certain wedge shape of the paving
Claims (12)
- A paving stone (10) for forming a combination made of a plurality of such paving stones,
having a walkable or trafficable upper side (12), a lower side (14) facing away from said upper side, and an edge (16) extending between said upper side and said lower side, wherein said upper side (12) has a substantially H-shaped basic shape consisting of first and second substantially rectangular sections (18a, 18b) spaced apart from each other and extending substantially parallel to each other and being oriented in a first direction (A), and a third substantially rectangular section (18c) connecting said first and second sections substantially perpendicularly to each other and being oriented in a second direction (B) substantially perpendicular to said first direction (A),
wherein inner flanks (20) of said first and second sections (18a, 18b) facing towards said third section (18c) enclose a predetermined angle (W) with it,
characterized in that
at least one projection (22) is provided in the region of each inner flank (20) of said first and second sections (18a, 18b), said protrusion being formed on said edge (16) of said paving stone (10) substantially perpendicularly to said upper side (12), wherein a depth (d) of said projections (22) parallel to said upper side (12) of said paving stone (10) is more than one half of a joint width (f) between two adjacent paving stones (10) in the combination, and
width dimensions (b) of said first and second sections (18a, 18b) in said second direction (B) at the edge facing towards said third section (18c), the depth (d) and positioning of said projections (22), and an angle (W) between said inner flanks (20) of said first and second sections (18a, 18b) and said third section (18c) are selected such that paving stones (10) being adjacent in said first direction (A) cannot be pushed together to the combination in said first direction (A). - The paving stone according to claim 1,
characterized in that
said angle (W) between said inner flanks (20) of said first and second sections (18a, 18b) and said third section (18c) is substantially 90 degrees. - The paving stone according to claim 1,
characterized in that
said angle (W) between said inner flanks (20) of said first and second sections (18a, 18b) and said third section (18c) is in the range of about 90 degrees to about 150 degrees. - The paving stone according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that
said paving stone (10) is provided with projections (22) only on said inner flanks (20) of said first and second sections (18a, 18b). - The paving stone according to any one of Claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that
said paving stone (10) is provided with projections (22) on said inner flanks (20) of said first and second sections (18a, 18b). and on the edge sections of said first and second sections (18a, 18b) extending in said first direction (A). - The paving stone according to any one of Claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that
said paving stone (10) is provided with projections (22) on said inner flanks (20) of said first and second sections (18a, 18b), on the edge sections of said first and second sections (18a, 18b) extending in said first direction (A), and on the edge sections of said first, second and third sections (18a, 18b, 18c) extending in said second direction (B). - The paving stone according to any one of preceding claims,
characterized in that
the depth (d) of said projections (22) is in the range of about 60% to about 90% of the joint width (f) between two adjacent paving stones (10) in the combination. - The paving stone according to any one of preceding claims,
characterized in that
said projections (22) are spaced apart from said upper side (12) of said paving stone (10). - The paving stone according to any one of preceding claims,
characterized in that
at least,one through-hole (13) extending from said upper side (12) to said lower side (14) of said paving stone (10) is provided in the region of said first, second and/or third section (18a, 18b, 18c). - A combination of a plurality of paving stones (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein said paving stones are laid in substantially the same orientation with one another, and are pushed together in said second direction (B) and are lifted one into the other in said first direction (A).
- A method of producing a laying package of a plurality of paving stones, comprising the steps of:producing a plurality of paving stones (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9;pushing together a plurality of these paving stones (10) in said second direction (B) into a row; andlifting at least two of said pushed together rows of paving stones (10) one into the other in said first direction (A).
- The method according to claim 11,
characterized in that
lifting said paving stones (10) one into the other is performed by machine.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102010005018A DE102010005018A1 (en) | 2010-01-19 | 2010-01-19 | Paving stone and composite paving stones |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2354306A2 EP2354306A2 (en) | 2011-08-10 |
EP2354306A3 EP2354306A3 (en) | 2015-06-03 |
EP2354306B1 true EP2354306B1 (en) | 2017-09-06 |
Family
ID=43875255
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP11000226.8A Active EP2354306B1 (en) | 2010-01-19 | 2011-01-13 | Paving stone and group of paving stones |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2354306B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102010005018A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102011101821A1 (en) | 2010-07-09 | 2012-03-08 | Urs Gassmann | Corner input profile for rounded corner of mounting object on e.g. wall, has |
DE102015015987A1 (en) | 2015-12-10 | 2017-06-14 | Detlef Schröder | Paving stone and plaster made from it |
DE102019008497A1 (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2021-06-10 | Detlef Schröder | H-shaped paving stone |
Family Cites Families (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3142745A1 (en) * | 1981-10-28 | 1983-05-11 | Couwenbergs, Paul, Dr., 7500 Karlsruhe | Construction element |
DE9408693U1 (en) * | 1994-05-27 | 1994-09-01 | Hagedorn, Wolfram, 69483 Wald-Michelbach | Pavement element made of compressed plastic waste, plastics and plastic mixtures of all kinds |
DE29501168U1 (en) * | 1995-01-26 | 1995-08-24 | Eurecast Recycling-Anlagen, Systeme, Technologien und Produkte GmbH, 32602 Vlotho | Self-locking composite plaster |
DE29508723U1 (en) | 1995-05-26 | 1996-09-26 | Betonwerk Kwade GmbH & Co. KG, 48465 Schüttorf | Paving stone |
DE29518770U1 (en) | 1995-11-27 | 1996-03-07 | Hell, Frank, 63452 Hanau | Composite plasters |
DE29603148U1 (en) | 1996-02-22 | 1996-05-15 | Sf-Kooperation Gmbh Beton-Konzepte, 28717 Bremen | Kit made of concrete paving stones |
DE29619583U1 (en) * | 1996-11-14 | 1998-07-02 | Johann Pfennig GmbH, 68623 Lampertheim | Concrete paving stone for seepable paving with high load-bearing capacity |
DE20113580U1 (en) | 2001-08-16 | 2001-12-20 | Geiger, Peter, 92318 Neumarkt | Paving stone made of concrete material |
DE10330928B4 (en) | 2003-07-08 | 2005-05-25 | Schröder, Harald | paving stone |
-
2010
- 2010-01-19 DE DE102010005018A patent/DE102010005018A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2011
- 2011-01-13 EP EP11000226.8A patent/EP2354306B1/en active Active
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
None * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE102010005018A1 (en) | 2011-07-21 |
EP2354306A3 (en) | 2015-06-03 |
EP2354306A2 (en) | 2011-08-10 |
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