EP1761664B1 - Device and method for treating filament yarn and fancy knotted, migrated, and false-twist yarn - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for treating filament yarn by means of air nozzles comprising at least two injector/cover plates that can be clamped together, and at least one air supply channel. Said injector/cover plates form a yarn treatment chamber in the assembled state. According to the invention, the yarn treatment chamber is formed between the injector/cover plates that can be clamped together, in the longitudinal direction of the plates, and the air nozzle is embodied as an open nozzle comprising a threading slit and an individual air supply channel for the yarn channel in the injector/cover plates. The invention has two decisive advantages. The shape of the injector/cover plates is limited to the inherent core functions, namely a yarn channel formed in the plates, the threading slit, and the individual air supply channel for the yarn channel in the plate. The miniaturisation of the injector/cover plates significantly simplifies the production problems.

Description

Technical area

The invention relates to a device for treating filament yarn by means of a nozzle having a yarn channel, which is formed as an open and divided nozzle with threading and Mediumzuführkanal in the yarn channel and a method for treating filament yarn by means of a yarn channel having a nozzle, which divided open nozzle with free threading slot and medium feed channel is formed in the yarn channel. The invention further relates to a knotted yarn, a migrated yarn and a false twisted yarn.

State of the art

• die Migration für die Herstellung von migriertem Garn und
• die Verwirbelung für die Herstellung von Knotengarn.

Filament yarn is subjected to an air treatment during the spinning process after the spinning process, so that the cohesion of the individual filaments for the yarn processing is improved. One differentiates between two different interventions:

• the migration for the production of migrated yarn and
• the turbulence for the production of knotted yarn.

The swirling purpose is primarily to improve the cohesion and also to increase the reliability, eg when winding and unwinding the filament yarn. When swirling the blown air is injected vertically or slightly inclined approximately in the middle of the yarn channel. For the migration reference is made to the international application WO00 / 52240 , The aim of the migration is to give the thread a sufficiently good cohesion in the immediately following processing of the yarn, so that the subsequent direct interventions can be carried out without disruption. With the migration, the filaments in the thread composite are only slightly crossed, so that no individual filaments protrude from the thread. Until recently, migration was carried out using normal vortex nozzles. It was worked for a swirl with the worst possible operating conditions, so that almost no knots emerged. Migration and swirling have the sole purpose of improving the cohesion of the single filaments of the thread for yarn processing, as well as the winding and unwinding with the many deflections. The goal is to prevent malfunctions and yarn breakage without creating a disturbing effect on the finished fabric through the knots.

In the context of spinning, the aforementioned treatments with single or multiple nozzles are used. Often, in the case of turbulence, the nozzles are used as double nozzles. In the case of multiple nozzles, the number of nozzles corresponds to the number of yarn runs. These can be 6 to 12, 16, 20 and recently even 24. The next goal is a doubling to, for example, 50 yarn runs.

An interesting embodiment of a nozzle body is in the U.S. Patent 5,157,819 shown. The nozzle body consists of a larger number of flat plates, which can be clamped together via a screw connection. The yarn channel is formed by means of through holes perpendicular through each plate. The through holes are precisely matched in each plate, so that in the assembled state through all plates through a cylindrical, closed yarn channel is formed. Alternately, plates with and without air supply channels can be formed and clamped together as a package with two end plates. It is a closed nozzle without threading slot. Aim of the solution according to U.S. Patent 5,157,819 was the largest possible number of air supply ducts, whereby it was intended to produce knot yarn as well as false twisted yarn with the same nozzle concept.

The state of the art shows an open, split air nozzle for the production of knotted yarn. On a medium or air supply element of the split nozzle body, consisting of a nozzle body and a baffle or cover plate, assembled. Both parts are individually screwed to the Luftzufuhrlement. The nozzle body has an air supply channel and a transverse bore for blowing the treatment medium into the yarn channel. For the yarn channel, yarn channel profiles are mounted both in the nozzle coiler and in the cover plate. Only in zusammengabaut state is formed between the nozzle body and the cover plate of the yarn channel. Between the two bodies, a gap is provided, which forms the Einfädelschlitz on the side facing away from the air supply element. Only the nozzle body with the air supply channel is sealed with respect to the air supply element with a ring seal. The nozzle is a typical swirl nozzle with approximately central and vertical arrangement of the air supply in the yarn channel. at Two- or multi-nozzle nozzles both nozzle body and cover plate should be used two or more times, which is a disadvantage in terms of a narrow pitch for the yarn runs.

A special case for the application of turbulence are water treatment plants. 500 to 2000 parallel yarn runs are treated simultaneously in very close pitch. The EP 0 216 951 shows such a special device for swirling multifilament threads. The turbulence takes place on two levels, an upper level and a lower level. The Verwirbelungskanäle are arranged for the corresponding number of yarn runs in a very small space, so that the crowd of warp threads can be fed with a very close distance. The swirling device has a number of parallel juxtaposed slots. These are formed between disks and spacers of a nozzle rod. The individual disks have an annular shape, wherein compressed air is supplied to each disk above the central region and supplied via respective transverse bores to the individual swirling zones formed as slots. The threads are transported at a distance from the slot bottom, in the area of influence of the blown air, through the device. The discs have both inlet side and outlet side yarn guide. With the assembly of a plurality of discs with intermediate elements, end to end, so-called nozzle rods are formed. The solution is extremely space-saving. The result is a pitch for the yarn runs in the order of 4 mm. So that the warp threads can not jump out of the treatment slits, a wire is pulled through in the outer area of the slits. The discs are made of ceramic, especially oxide ceramics. This results in a long service life, wherein the ceramic discs are produced by the molding process and then fired. By means of clamping bolts, the plurality of ceramic discs with intermediate plates to self-supporting nozzle rods is stably held on a support frame. The solution according to EP 0 216 951 has proven very successful in the context of sewage treatment plants. However, it was not possible to transfer the concept of the nozzle rod formed from discs to the range of turbulence described in the context of spinning systems. In the case of spinning plants, the number of parallel threads to be treated is much lower, but it is constantly increasing in the current trend. Similarly, in the field of spinning a close division of the parallel threads is asked.

A completely different approach for increasing the textile quality of the end product, ie the fabric, is achieved with the generation of a false twist. Here, the swirl force of the blown air is used to over an immediately upstream thermal treatment by heating and cooling of the yarn to change the molecular structure of the individual filaments permanently, so that the yarn is a considerable bulk. As an example of the false twist is on the EP-PS 0 532 458 With reference to false twisting, the filament yarn and the finished fabric should be given a bulky, textile character.

The narrow pitch for several parallel threads is increasingly required in different yarn treatments. In the two mentioned solutions of the prior art the EP-PS 0 532 458 as well as the U.S. Patent 5,157,819 This results in a relatively large distance between two parallel yarn runs. In the solution according to WO00 / 52240 At least for two yarn runs a division of about 8 to 10 mm results. Only the EP 0 216 951 allows a division to about 4 mm.

• Es haben sich drei unterschiedliche Düsenkonzepte durchgesetzt:
  1. 1. Düsen mit einem dauernd offenen Einfädelschlitz. Diese werden als offene Düsen bezeichnet, wie z.B. bei der EP 0 532 458 und der WO03/029539 (Fig. 8).
  2. 2. Düsen, welche durch eine Schiebeplatte in eine offene Einfädelstellung sowie eine geschlossene Betriebsstellung bringbar sind. Diese werden als offen-geschlossene Düsen bezeichnet, wie z.B. bei der EP 0 216 951 und der WO03/029539 (Figur 8a).
  3. 3. Geschlossene Düsen: Hier muss das Garn in der Regel mit einer dafür konzipierten Luftpistole durch den Garnkanal eingefädelt werden, wie z.B. bei der US-PS 5 157 819 .
• Der zweite Sachverhalt liegt darin, dass sich für jede spezifische Garnbehandlungsmethode völlig unterschiedliche Düsenkonstruktionen durchgesetzt haben. Man spricht deshalb von:
  • Detorquedüsen, für die Nachbehandlung von falschgedralltem Garn,
  • Verwirbelungsdüsen, für die Herstellung von Knotengarn und
  • Migrationsdüsen, für die Herstellung von migriertem Garn.

From the previous explanations, two basic facts emerge from the solutions of the prior art:

• Three different nozzle concepts have prevailed:
  1. 1. nozzles with a permanently open Einfädelschlitz. These are referred to as open nozzles, such as in the EP 0 532 458 and the WO03 / 029539 ( Fig. 8 ).
  2. 2. nozzles, which can be brought by a sliding plate in an open threading position and a closed operating position. These are referred to as open-closed nozzles, such as in the EP 0 216 951 and the WO03 / 029539 ( FIG. 8a ).
  3. 3. Closed nozzles: Here, the yarn must usually be threaded through the yarn channel with an air gun designed for this purpose, such as in the case of the U.S. Patent 5,157,819 ,
• The second issue is that completely different nozzle designs have become established for each specific yarn treatment method. One speaks therefore of:
  • Detorc nozzles, for the after-treatment of false-twisted yarn,
  • Vortex nozzles, for the production of knotted yarn and
  • Migration nozzles, for the production of migrated yarn.

The inventors have now taken on the task to seek solutions to develop low-cost nozzles for the yarn treatment in the context of open nozzles, even for divisions between two or more parallel yarn runs in the field of a few millimeters, the concept should be used in particular for single or poppeldüsen.

Presentation of the invention

The device according to the invention is characterized in that the nozzle is formed by nozzle / cover plates which each have a nozzle and cover plate side can be assembled on a medium supply element and form a yarn channel between two adjacent nozzle / cover plates.

The inventive method is characterized in that the yarn for the treatment between two same, together forming a yarn channel plates is guided, wherein the plates are sealed to each other and with respect to the medium supply side.

A knot or migrated yarn, in particular as a microfilament yarn, is characterized in that , for the treatment , it is guided between two identical plates which together form a yarn channel and a knotted yarn or migrated yarn is produced.

A false-twisted yarn is characterized in that it has been guided and false-twisted for the treatment between two equal plates forming a yarn channel.

• einen beidseits in jede Platte eingelassenen Garnkanalseite,
• den Einfädelschlitz sowie
• den individuellen Luftzuführkanal für den Garnkanal in den Platte.

The new solution brings several decisive advantages. The shape of the plates, in particular the ceramic plates, is limited to the actual core functions, namely:

• a yarn channel side embedded in each plate on both sides,
• the threading slot as well
• the individual air supply channel for the yarn channel in the plate.

In this regard, the nozzle / cover plates of a nozzle are the same. Each of the nozzles / cover plates has the two functions nozzle plate and cover or baffle plate in it. Separate cover plates, omitted. This already allows in principle a closer pitch for multiple yarn runs. The plates can be made with very small external dimensions of eg 1 cm by 2 cm and a thickness of 4 mm or less. The simple plate shape results in their production, especially in ceramics, enormous relief, since this now with the can be made much cheaper injection molding. At least the blanks for the plates can be produced in larger quantities and thus cheaper. Because the plates of a nozzle can be made identical, they can be installed rotated in the case of a single nozzle of 180 °, so that with the still unused Garnkanalprofiten with respect to the wear in their life a doubling can be achieved. With the miniaturization of the plates, the manufacturing problems are greatly simplified. The new solution allows, as will be explained, the production of the plates by injection molding, which is much cheaper than the pressing method, as in accordance with EP 0 216 951 , The second enormous advantage lies in the fact that the yarn channel, which at the EP 0 216 951 is designed as a mere slit, according to the new invention, the specific treatment can be adjusted. The slices of the EP 0 216 951 have the enormous advantage that two threads form between two discs. The disadvantage of the solution according to EP 0 216 951 is, however, that with the simultaneous integration of the yarn guide and the air supply in the plate concept almost palm-sized slices arise, which can be produced only by pressing.

The new plate concept can be used in various treatment processes such as swirling, migrating, false twisting and other textures on filament yarns. It can also be used in reed plants as a multiple nozzle and in texturing plants as a single or double nozzle, but also in stretching plants and false twist texturing plants.

In any case, the same nozzle / cover plates are always used for single nozzles, double nozzles or multiple nozzles in a specific application. Each of the nozzle / cover plates has both a nozzle plate side as a cover plate side and preferably also each air supply channels. Each page is freely accessible for editing. This has the great advantage that the two yarn channel profiles can be easily created in each panel and individually designed for the nozzle side and the baffle or cover plate side and can also be incorporated, for example. In the professional world one speaks with swirl nozzles of a nozzle plate as well as a baffle plate. The nozzle plate has the transverse bore at least for the main air for a double vortex. The baffle plate has the opposite side at which the treatment air impinges. In the case of detorque nozzles, the goal is to create a strong rotational flow with the air, that is, a false twist for the yarn. Here, in the case of a split nozzle, it is necessary to speak of a cover plate instead of the baffle plate. Since the new solution can include both applications, the Term "nozzle / cover plate" selected. Each nozzle / cover plate has a half in each case for both embodiments, which can fulfill the function only after assembly.

The new solution allows a number of particularly advantageous embodiments, to which reference is made to the claims 2 to 21 and 23 to 29. Particularly preferably, the yarn channel is formed on the nozzle plate side half round and flat on the cover plate side. The fact that the yarn channel is embedded in the plates, the shape of the yarn channel can be almost arbitrarily influenced. The same applies to the air supply duct. Particularly preferably, the plates are formed, on the one hand, as a nozzle plate and, on the other hand, as a baffle plate or cover plate and, correspondingly, approximately one half of a yarn channel.

The miniaturization of the plates makes it possible to form the plates as injection-molded flat ceramic plates, which can be clamped together via two end plates to form an assembly. The injection molding process is much cheaper in relation to the pressing method according to the proposal of EP 0 216 951 , The entire assembly can be mounted on a support base with built-in air feed channel to which the air supply channels of each plate are connectable. The support base can be made of metal or plastic. The relatively expensive ceramic is used according to the new invention only where the required functions require the highest quality and accuracy. According to a further embodiment, each of the plates has at least one transverse bore for the medium supply on the nozzle plate side for the individual air supply into the yarn channel. Advantageously, each of the at least two plates has a medium supply channel, which can be activated individually via corresponding connection openings of the medium supply element, so that the free outflow of the unused air supply opening is avoided. Each of the at least two plates of a nozzle is identically formed at least with respect to the yarn channel profiles and each has a nozzle plate side and cover plate side yarn channel profile, which forms a yarn channel only in the assembled state. Because only two plates together form a yarn channel, there are two unused outer sides for each pairing of two or more plates. In the case of a simple nozzle, this has the great advantage that, after greater wear on the active yarn channel profiles, both plates can be installed turned by 180 °, so that the service life of a nozzle can be doubled.

The nozzle / cover plates are preferably formed as ceramic plates or at least in the region of the yarn channel profile on a corresponding highly wear-resistant surface coating. The at least two identical nozzle / cover plates have, in the threading area, a thickness reduced by the threading slot with respect to the air feed area and a flat sealing area on both sides in the air feed area. The sealing surfaces are provided with a very high surface quality, so that they seal airtight with the compression without special seal. In this way, a high precision for the yarn channel during assembly of the plates can be ensured. Preferably, the individual medium supply channel is guided approximately centrally into the yarn channel, wherein on both sides, perpendicular to the planar sealing surfaces, at least two through holes are arranged for an exact positioning of the plates or their Garnkanalprofile means sliding rods. If the through holes are unequal, these serve at the same time as a safeguard against improper installation.

According to another particularly advantageous embodiment, each of the plates laterally preferably in the region of the planar sealing surfaces on scoring, for the dense pressing of all plates on the medium supply element. On the medium supply side, it is advantageous if additional sealing elements between the plates and the Mediumzufuhrlemenet be attached.

The new solution allows the assembly of any number of nozzle / cover plates for a corresponding number of yarn runs. A single nozzle for a single yarn run consists of two nozzle / cover plates. A dual nozzle for two yarn runs consists of three nozzle / cover plates. For the treatment of two or more yarn runs, the number of sheets corresponds to the number of yarn runs + 1.

According to a first application as Verwirbelungdüse for the production of knotted yarn opens the transverse bore for the medium supply approximately centrally vertically or with a slight conveying effect in the yarn channel. Especially for the production of fine knot yarn with high regularity of the knots a Blasluftkanalerweiterung is formed in the mouth region of the Blasluftzufuhrkanales in the Garnbehandlungskanal to form an air swirl chamber, for two opposite stationary swirl flows.

According to a second application in false twisting, the transverse bore for the medium supply opens tangentially into the yarn channel. The corresponding device is designed as a detorque nozzle.

The plates are formed as flat plates and have on both sides planar sealing surfaces with two through-holes in the region of the flat sealing surfaces. By means of the through holes, the plates are pushed individually on sliding rods to a nozzle block, positioned exactly to each other and contracted perpendicular to the flat sealing surfaces by means of screw on the slide rods to a nozzle block. On both sides of the nozzle block, a stable end plate can be attached, over which the ceramic plates are clamped together. The medium supply element may further comprise a support base, on which each of the nozzle / cover plates of the nozzle block is tightly fastened via the clamping notches. The support base or the end plates can be provided with a color coding, so that it is recognizable by the color, which nozzle types are installed. The nozzle block is mounted on a medium supply base with built-in air supply duct, with which the air supply ducts to be activated are connectable. If it is a multiple nozzle, then we connected them with a corresponding number of plates as a nozzle group or nozzle block with a nozzle holder to which a yarn guide is attached. The clampable plates are fastened with two end plates each as an assembly on the support base, wherein thread guides are arranged in attached to the nozzle holder yarn guide carriers and preferably formed as a comb. According to a further preferred embodiment of the method, the plates are joined together via slide bars to form a nozzle block and the nozzle block is tensioned via clamping cams via seals on a medium feed element. To ensure exact positioning of the ceramic plates with respect to the yarn channel, the ceramic plates are guided over slide bars and combined to form a nozzle block. The nozzle block is airtight clamped on a preferably provided with color coding support base with a common air supply.

According to a further particularly advantageous embodiment of the method for the production of knot yarn from smooth and textured filament yarn is blown in a continuous yarn channel of a vortex nozzle with a centrally directed into the Garnkanalachse main bore for the primary air and at least one auxiliary bore at a distance from the main bore for secondary air. The primary air is fed into the yarn channel between the vertical and with only a slight conveying effect or with little effect against the yarn conveying direction and the secondary air via the at least one yarn channel axis inclined and directed differently from the primary air auxiliary bore, the vortex flow supported.

According to a further design concept for the production of fine knot yarn with high regularity of the knots, blown air is blown transversely to the yarn treatment channel by means of air nozzles with a yarn treatment channel. The blown air forms in Garnförderrichtung and against the Garnförderrichtung ever a double vortex for generating the knots. The blowing air is displaced in the entry region into the yarn treatment channel in a twisting chamber which is short in the yarn channel longitudinal direction, into two strong stationary swirl flows undisturbed by filament bundles. The nozzle plate-side transverse holes for the air supply are preferably arranged approximately along the middle of the yarn channel, transversely or slightly inclined to the axis of the yarn channel for nozzles, which are provided for the swirling or migrating yarn. In contrast, the transverse bores are mounted tangentially in the yarn duct for nozzles, which is intended for the false twisting of yarn.

Preferably, yarn guides are arranged on the support base on both sides and at a distance in front of the yarn channel entry and after the yarn channel exit for each yarn path. The support base takes over the two auxiliary functions of the thread guide and the air supply and air distribution to the individual plates. The device is designed as a one- or two-nozzle with two end plates, which can be clamped together by means of clamping means. In the case of multiple nozzles these are formed for the intended yarn runs with a corresponding number of plates as a nozzle group with an air feed channel in the support base and a yarn guide. Advantageously, all the clampable plates with two end plates each are mounted as an assembly on the support base with an air feed channel in the support base, wherein the yarn guides are arranged in attached to the support sockets yarn guide carriers.

Brief description of the invention

die Figur 1 a

eine erfindungsgemäss ausgebildete Düsen-/Deckplatte bzw. Düsen-/Deckplättchen 1, etwa in doppelter natürlicher Grösse;

die Figur 1 b

einen Schnitt A - A der Figur 1 in starker Vergrösserung;

die Figur 2

eine Baugruppe mit mehreren Düsen-/Deckplatten und 8 Garnläufen, oben in perspektvischer Darstellung, unten als Schnitt A-A der oberen Figur;

die Figur 3

eine schematische Seitenansicht der Figur 2 (oben) und unten ein Schnitt B-B der oberen Figur;

die Figur 4

zeigen eine Einfachdüse in perspektivischer Darstellung (oben links) als Draufsicht (links unten), als Seitenansicht (oben rechts) sowie als Schnitt A-A;

die Figur 5

zeigt in Analogie zu den Darstellungen in Figur 4 eine Doppeldüse;

die Figur 6a

einen ganzen Düsenblock mit 24 Garnläufen, oben in einer Ansicht und unten in einer Draufsicht;

die Figur 6b

verschiedene Schnitte B-B bis F-F;

die Figur 6c

der ganze Düsenblock in drei verschiedenen Ansichten;

die Figuren 7a und 7b

eine Lösung mit einer besonderen Spanneinrichtung für den Düsenblock;

die Figuren 8

und 9a eine besonders interssante Ausgestaltung des Mündungsbereiches des Querkanals mit der Bidlung einer Luftdrallkammer;

die Figuren 9b

bis 9dzeigen verschiedene Knotenstrukturen im Garn;

die Fiuren 10a

bis 10c eine Lösung mit Primär- und Sekundärluft für das Behandlungsmedium, wobei die Figuren 10b und 10c besondere Ausgestaltungen der Querkanäle darstellen;

die Figur 11a bis 11d

die Anwendung der neuen Düse als Detorquedüse für das Falschdrallen von Garn mit verschiedenen Formen der tangentialen Lufteinblasung und des Einfädelschlitzes;

die Figuren 1 2 und 13

zeigen ein Beispiel für die Anwendung der neuen Lösung im Rahmen des POY-Prozesses;

die Figur 14

zeigt den Einsatz der neuen Lösung im Rahmen des FDY-Prozesses mit vier Beispielen.

In the following, the invention will be explained with reference to some embodiments with further details. Show it:

Figure 1 a

an inventively designed nozzle / cover plate or nozzle / cover plate 1, approximately in double natural size;

Figure 1 b

a section A - A of FIG. 1 in high magnification;

the figure 2

an assembly with several nozzle / cover plates and 8 yarn runs, above in perspective view, below as section AA of the upper figure;

the figure 3

a schematic side view of FIG. 2 (top) and below a section BB of the upper figure;

FIG. 4

show a single nozzle in perspective view (top left) as a top view (bottom left), as a side view (top right) and as a section AA;

the figure 5

shows in analogy to the illustrations in FIG. 4 a double nozzle;

Figure 6a

a whole nozzle block with 24 yarn runs, top in a view and bottom in a plan view;

Figure 6b

different cuts BB to FF;

the figure 6c

the whole nozzle block in three different views;

Figures 7a and 7b

a solution with a special clamping device for the nozzle block;

Figures 8

and 9a, a particularly interesting design of the mouth region of the transverse channel with the deflection of an air swirl chamber;

Figures 9b

to 9d show different node structures in the yarn;

the furs 10a

to 10c a solution with primary and secondary air for the treatment medium, the FIGS. 10b and 10c represent special embodiments of the transverse channels;

FIGS. 11a to 11d

the use of the new nozzle as a detonation nozzle for false twisting yarn with various forms of tangential air injection and threading slot;

FIGS. 1 2 and 13

show an example of the application of the new solution as part of the POY process;

the figure 14

shows the use of the new solution in the context of the FDY process with four examples.

Ways and execution of the invention

The FIGS. 1 and 1 The front side shows the cover plate side 2 and the back of the nozzle plate side 3, each with a half of the yarn channel 17. On the front side 2 is the Garnkanalhälfte 4th embedded with the baffle plate 5 in the nozzle / cover plates 1. On the back of the nozzle plate side, the Garnkanalhälfte 6 is shown. In the FIGS. 1a and the FIG. 2 (bottom) is from the sectional view of an air supply channel 8 can be seen. The air supply channel 8 leads with a transverse bore 9 in the Garnkanalhälfte 6 with the nozzle plate 7. The nozzle / cover plate 1 has two through holes 10 and 10 'for clamping the plates 1 on. Like from the FIG. 3 can be seen, encounter each two nozzle / cover plates 1 front side close to the front side. The corresponding sealing surface part 11 is the dimensions h and L, where L is the yarn channel length or half of the yarn channel length (L / 2) at the same time FIG. 2 is. The upper surface part 12 is marked with the dimensions X and L and is slightly set back to the dimension Z with respect to the sealing surface part 11. Above the surface part 12 is a tapered surface 13, which results in a facilitated introduction of the yarn in the yarn channel 17. A special feature of the nozzle / cover plates 1 is that they have at the top a threading section Ef, including a yarn channel section GK and at the bottom a sealing section DF. The sealing section DF has the two sealing surfaces 11, 11 'and a lower support surface 7. The support surface 7 must be sealed against a support base 24, as denoted by the reference numeral 7 'in the FIG. 2 is marked. The holes 10 and 10 'are preferably unequal size, so that the nozzle / cover plates 1 are properly installed via corresponding slide rods 18.

Like from the FIGS. 2 and 3 can be seen, resulting from the geometric arrangement of the corresponding surface parts on the nozzle plate side and the cover plate side in the assembled state Einädelschlitz 14. The new solution results in a small, relatively simple shaped plate, which, as stated earlier, inexpensive as a ceramic part in the injection molding produced is. In the FIGS. 2 and 3 For example, a number of ceramic plates are assembled into a nozzle block each having an end plate 15 and 16 for eight yarn spools. All plates are clamped together via clamping screws or slide rods 18, which are guided through the holes 10, 10 ', to form an assembly 20. Each of the nozzle / cover plates 1 has an air supply channel 8 ( FIG. 1 a) which is open at the bottom. The dimension H designates the transverse dimension of the assembly 20 which, depending on the number of plates 1, is larger or smaller corresponding to the thickness "d". The FIG. 2 shows an entire device as a nozzle group 25 for a spin system. The yarn path is usually perpendicular from top to bottom, as indicated by arrows 21. The FIG. 2 shows how in the FIG. 3 , eight yarn runs, wherein a single yarn has the reference numeral 22. The assembly 20 is screwed airtight over mounting screws 23 on a support base 24. The support base 24 has an air feed channel 26, from which the individual air supply channels 8 are supplied with compressed or blast air. The inlet side of the nozzle group is "on" and the outlet side is labeled "off". Both on the inlet and on the outlet side there is a thread guide bar 27, which is fastened by screws 28 to the support base 24. According to the number of thread runs 21 comb-like yarn guide 31 are mounted with teeth 29 on the yarn guide bar 27. In the interdental spaces 30, the yarn is guided laterally. Of the Tooth bottom is aligned with the yarn channel floor. Both the yarn guide bar 27 and the support base 24 may be made of aluminum or low-cost plastic. The yarn guide comb is preferably made of ceramic, so that the wear parts receive a maximum life.

The FIG. 4 shows the use of the new solution as a single nozzle. The yarn channel consists of two nozzle / cover plates 1. The illustrations in FIG. 4 are designed for a single yarn run. Conceptually, the single nozzle is designed the same as a multiple nozzle with a support base 24. The illustrations in FIG. 4 show left above a complete assembly for a single nozzle, with two nozzle / cover plates 1 with a support base 24 and a nozzle holder 19th

The illustrations in FIG. 5 show a double or double nozzle with three nozzle / cover plates 1 in perspective view (top left) in a plan view (bottom left), a side view (top right) and a section AA (bottom right). Because each of the plates is the same design, three nozzle / cover plates are needed for the double nozzle.

The Figures 6a, 6b and 6c show another very interesting design of a multiple nozzle for 24 yarn runs. This solution is basically suitable for more than 2 yarn runs. The uppermost figure shows a nozzle block 25 with 25 nozzle / cover plates 1, which are held together by two sliding rods 18 and are tightly clamped together after installation with great force. Each of the nozzle / cover plates has on both sides clamping grooves 30. Over two clamping rails 31, each nozzle / cover plates is tensioned air-tight on a seal 32. For this purpose, a number of clamping screws 33 are clamped on both sides against a compression spring 34, as in the FIG. 6b is shown. The FIG. 6c shows a whole nozzle assembly 20. The nozzle block 25 is an independent unit, which is used during assembly on the support base 24 and fixed. As a result, the support base 24 is screwed airtight with the nozzle block 25 on a nozzle holder 19. In a suitable embodiment, the nozzle block 25 may first be inserted on one side over the slide rods, lowered in sequence and secured on the support base.

The FIGS. 7a and 7b show a meaningful embodiment in which the nozzle block 25 is pulled together via a rope-like tension element 35. The exact guidance for the nozzle / cover plates is ensured here by dowel sleeves 36. The FIGS. 7b show how the FIGS. 6b , a nozzle block with support base 24 of two different sides (top) and bottom as a view from below with the contact surface 37 to the nozzle holder 19. The reference numeral 38 shows an elastic seal.

1. a) Mit dem BlasluftstrahL BL wird in dem Garnbehandlungskanal ein Doppelwirbel erzeugt wird (Figuren 1a und 1c).
2. b) Der Doppelwirbel wird jedoch völlig gestört, wenn ein Filamentgarn 22 in den Garnbehandlungskanal 17 eintritt. Innert Millisekunden werden die stabilen Doppelwirbel bei Eintritt des Garnes zerstört. Es baut sich in der einen Garnbehandlungskanalhälfte ein einseitiger Wirbel 44^x auf, während der Wirbel 44^x zusammenbricht. Die Folge ist die, dass alle Filamente in dem Garnbehandlungskanal 3 auf die rechte Seite gezwungen werden. Die Sammlung aller Filamente auf der rechten Seite zerstört jedoch sofort diesen Doppelwirbel, so dass sich nahezu ohne Verzug ein entsprechend grosser Wirbel 44^x auf der linken Seite einstellt. Diese Pendelbewegung ist bei Vorhandensein der Blasluft sowie des Filamentgarnes ein völlig unsteter Dauerzustand und letzlich das Geheimnis der Knotenbildung.

The FIGS. 8 and 9a show a very particularly advantageous further development. It is full content to the not yet published Swiss patent application no. 00482/05 dated March 20, 2005. The yarn treatment channel 17 here additionally has an air swirl chamber 41, which represents an immediate continuation of the blown air supply channel or transverse bore 9 into the yarn treatment channel 17. The Garnbehandlungskanal 17 is widened dome-like at the location of the Blasluftzufuhrkanales 9. This creates an additional swirl flow. The dome-like extension allows a stationary swirl flow without the influence of transient whirling motion in the subsequent part of Garnbehandlungskanales 17. The stationary swirl flow goes directly over in a transient turbulent flow. The blown air is displaced in the entry region into the yarn treatment channel in a twisting chamber which is short in the yarn channel longitudinal direction and into two strong stationary swirl flows undisturbed by filament bundles. A short region with a stable swirl flow is generated in the air swirl chamber, followed by an alternating swirl zone in both the yarn transport direction and the yarn transport direction. In the processing of microfilament yarns, a pressure of 0.5 to 1.5 bar is used for the blowing air, for the production of soft knots, which can dissolve in the further processing, or it is compressed air of more than 1.5 bar for the blast air used for the production of hard knots, which do not dissolve in the further processing. In this way, fine yarns smaller than 10 to 15 dpf, preferably smaller than 2 dpf, can be treated. The air swirl chamber is formed at least approximately symmetrical to the Garnkanalmittenachse and protrudes on both sides less than 0.5 mm over the lateral Garnkanalwandungen. Preferably, the air swirl chamber protrudes in Garnkanallängsrichtung the Blasluftzuführkanal by less than 0.5 mm. The FIGS. 8 and 9a each show the result of a theoretical flow calculation. In the FIG. 8 You can see very clearly the Blasluftzuführung BL from bottom to top. The upper level is denoted by E and represents the impact surface of the blast air flow BL on the baffle plate. The air swirl chamber results from the two no Kalottenausnehmungen 42. It can be seen in the FIG. 8 clearly the two swirl flows 43, which in a range of less than 1 to 2 mm in Longitudinal give a very stable flow. In the FIG. 8 can be seen on the basis of the same invoice model (without the presence of yarn) in the middle of the stationary swirl flow and the top of the picture, the two double swirls 44th Die FIG. 9a is a drawing which schematically represents the two flow forms. Only recent studies have shown that knowledge of knot formation was very incomplete. In fact, knot formation does not simply arise from the two stable double vertebrae. A basic requirement for knot formation is the following fact:

1. a) With the blown air jet BL, a double vortex is generated in the yarn treatment channel ( FIGS. 1a and 1c).
2. b) However, the double vortex is completely disturbed when a filament yarn 22 enters the yarn treatment channel 17. Within milliseconds, the stable double vortexes are destroyed when the yarn enters. A one-sided vortex 44 ^x builds up in the one yarn treatment channel half, while the vortex 44 breaks down ^x . The result is that all the filaments in the yarn treatment channel 3 are forced to the right side. However, the collection of all filaments on the right-hand side immediately destroys this double vortex, so that a correspondingly large swirl 44 ^x on the left side occurs almost without delay. This pendulum movement is in the presence of blown air and the filament yarn a completely unsteady steady state and ultimately the secret of knot formation.

The FIG. 9b shows above smooth, so untwisted yarn 2. With the straight lines the individual filaments are indicated. Second, a soft swirled yarn. Typical are the rather shorter nodes K, where the nodes are symbolized by thin straight lines. The third plot shows hard, relatively long nodes K between the swirling open spots. The hard knots are symbolized by thicker lines. The fourth illustration shows a typical knot yarn of the prior art with very irregular knots.

The FIG. 9c shows some examples with irregular knotting. The FIG. 9d is a juxtaposition of hard and soft knots that are producible with the new invention. The FIG. 9d shows a typical associated area of using compressed air of 1.5 to 3 bar or 0.5 to 1.5 bar. Depending on the market, hard knots or soft knots are required.

The new solution according to the FIG. 10a Suggests the supply of primary air (PL) and secondary air (SL). Because the compressed air supply is slightly inclined in the transport direction in the example, a stronger swirling flow in the direction of the Garnkanalaustrittes Ak2 arises. This can be seen from the larger line concentration in the exit region. In the FIGS. 10b and 10c are two auxiliary bores for secondary air SL with an angle δ arranged relatively strong inclined in the transport direction. Both auxiliary bores are arranged symmetrically in the respective edge regions of the yarn channel, as marked by the distance Z. As a variant, the possibility is indicated by δ '. One recognizes in the FIG. 10a three striking zones A, B and C. The result is a slightly intensified zone A in the area Ak1 and a corresponding zone C in the area Ak2. Quite surprisingly, a very stable edge flow zone B1 arises on both sides of the yarn channel. or B2 in the main turbulence zone V - V. It is the zone in which the knots are actually heavily influenced, unlike the section Ö, which primarily serves the opening of the yarn. As stabilized with the secondary air, the lateral edge region and also a strong conveying effect is generated, the knot formation, as explained earlier, surprisingly, and indeed be positively influenced in all the essential quality criteria. The FIGS. 10b and 10c show two examples of the arrangement dre main bore 50 and the auxiliary bore 51 for the secondary air (SL).

The FIGS. 11a to 11d show the use of the new nozzle as a detonation nozzle for the final twisting of filament yarn with various forms of air injection and threading slot. In the in the FIGS. 11a to 11d schematically shown Falschrall-texturing device is a multifilament yarn 22 to be textured via a first heater 60 a Drullgeber 61 such as friction-Drallgeber supplied. The textured yarn leaving the swirler 61 is bulky and highly elastic. The rotation imparted to the yarn by the swirler 61 has been resolved after the swirler. In known false twist texturing devices, a twisting moment prevails here in the yarn, which tends to twist the yarn again. The yarn is then suitably guided in a known manner by a second heater 62 connected downstream of the swirl generator 61, which reduces the elasticity of the yarn. According to the invention, the second heating device 62 is followed by a nozzle 63 according to the invention which again gives the yarn passing through the heating device 62 a false twist, namely in a direction opposite to the direction of the twist generated in the twisting device 61. Thereby, in the second heater 62, the above-mentioned torsional moment in the yarn is reduced or almost completely eliminated. The nozzle 63 is from a compressed air line 64 supplied with compressed air. The nozzle 63 has a blast air duct 65 which opens tangentially into the yarn duct 17. The FIGS. 11a to 11d also show a single nozzle, but in use for creating a false twist on the yarn. For the false twist process is on the EP 0 532 458 Referenced. The two plates must be formed for the generation of false twist with tangential air inlet. The two plates are designated according to their other function by the reference numerals 1 'and 1 ".

The FIGS. 12 and 13 show the POY process. In the two cases, a Vorverwirbelung and an actual turbulence is performed. The FIG. 12 shows a parallel POY / HOY spinning line. In this process, it has no pulleys. It is only possible to regulate the yarn tension for the swirling with the winder speed. This solution is mostly used in Europe and the USA. The FIG. 1 3 shows a POY spinning system with pulleys. The advantage of this POY process is that you can better regulate the thread tension. The pulleys are not heated during the process. This solution is mostly used in Asia but also in Europe and the USA.

The Figure 14a represents a FDY process with a migration as well as a turbulence. This is the standard in FDY spinning. In this process you have two heated Mono's or Duo's. Here the thread tension can be adjusted well. The FIG. 14b is an FDY process (H4S or H5S) and is an example of pre-whirling and swirling. This process has cold godets for stretching, and then the yarn is steam-relaxed. The FIG. 14c is a FDY process showing one migration and two swirls in turn. In this process, the yarn is heated with a heater before preparation and then stretched with cold godets. The Figure 14d is an FDY process and shows migration and turbulence, but without heat input. Here, the yarn is exposed to hot air before preparation and then stretched with cold godets.

Claims (29)

1. Device for the treatment of filament yarn by means of a nozzle with yarn channel, said nozzle being designed as an open and split nozzle with threading slot and medium supply channel to the yarn channel, characterized in that the nozzle consists of nozzle plates/cover plates, each having a nozzle plate side and a cover plate side, that is mountable on a medium supply element to form a yarn channel between two adjacent nozzle plates/cover plates.
2. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the at least two plates have recessed yarn channel profiles that in assembled condition form a yarn channel.
3. Device according to one of Claims 1 or 2,
   characterized in that each plate has at least one transverse bore for the medium supply on the nozzle plate side for the individual air supply to the yarn channel.
4. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
   characterized in that each of the at least two plates has a medium supply channel that can be individually activated by means of corresponding connecting openings of the medium supply element.
5. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 4,
   characterized in that the nozzle plates/cover plates are designed as ceramic plates, or at least have a corresponding highly wear-resistant surface coating in the area of the yarn channel profile.
6. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 5,
   characterized in that each of the at least two plates of a nozzle are of identical design with respect to at least the yarn channel profile, each having a yarn channel profile on the nozzle plate side and on the cover plate side that in assembled condition form a yarn channel.
7. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 6,
   characterized in that with respect to the air supply area, the nozzle plates/cover plates in the threading area have a reduced thickness around the threading slot and a flat sealing surface on both sides in the air supply area.
8. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 7,
   characterized in that the individual medium channel is guided roughly in the middle of the yarn channel and has at least two through-openings for exact positioning of the yarn channel profiles on both sides perpendicular to the flat sealing surfaces.
9. Device according to Claim 8, characterized in that the through-openings are unequal as protection against incorrect installation.
10. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 9,
    characterized in that each of the plates has lateral clamping notches, preferably in the area of the flat sealing surfaces, for tight pressing of all the plates against the medium supply element.
11. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 10,
    characterized in that it has two nozzle plates/cover plates and is formed as a single nozzle for the passage of a yarn.
12. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 10,
    characterized in that it is formed as a double or multiple nozzle for two or more parallel yarn passages, each with an additional nozzle plate/cover plate relative to the number of yarn passages.
13. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 12,
    characterized in that the transverse bore for the medium supply ends roughly in the middle of the yarn channel either perpendicularly or with a slight conveying effect, and that the device is designed as an interlacing nozzle.
14. Device according to Claim 13, characterized in that the production of fine knotted yarns with high regularity of the knots is effected with a continuous yarn treatment channel and a blowing air supply channel with the air blowing channel being aligned with the longitudinal centerline of the yarn treatment channel, and that a blowing air channel extension is formed in the junction area of the blowing air channel and yarn treatment channel in order to form an air swirling chamber for two opposed stationary eddy currents.
15. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 12,
    characterized in that the transverse bore(s) for the medium supply joins the yarn channel tangentially, and that the device is designed as a detorque nozzle.
16. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 15,
    characterized in that the plates are formed as flat plates with flat sealing surfaces on both sides and with two through-holes in the area of the flat sealing surfaces and by means of the through-holes can be pushed individually onto slide rails to form a nozzle block, can be positioned exactly relative to one another and can be drawn together along the slide rails perpendicularly to the flat sealing surface by means of screw connections to form a nozzle block.
17. Device according to Claim 16, characterized in that the nozzle block has a sturdy end plate on both sides via which the plates of ceramic material can be clamped together.
18. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 17,
    characterized in that the medium supply element has a supporting base to which each of the nozzle plates/cover plates of the nozzle block can be tightly fastened by means of the clamping notches, and that the supporting base or sturdy end plates have a colour coding.
19. Device according to one of Claims 16 to 18,
    characterized in that the nozzle block can be fastened to a medium supply base with installed air supply channel to which the air supply channels to be activated can be connected.
20. Device according to one of Claims 16 to 19,
    characterized in that it can be connected as a multiple nozzle to a corresponding number of plates as a nozzle group or nozzle block with a nozzle holder having a thread guide.
21. Device according to Claim 20, characterized in that the clampable plates are each fastened to the supporting base as a module by means of two end plates, with the thread guides being attached to thread guide carriers fastened to the nozzle holder and preferably taking the form of a comb.
22. Method for treatment of filament yarn by means of a nozzle with yarn channel, said nozzle being designed as an open, split nozzle with free threading slot and medium supply channel to the yarn channel, characterized in that for the treatment the yarn is passed through two similar plates that together form a yarn channel, said plates being sealed together and with respect to the medium supply side.
23. Method according to Claim 22, characterized in that for the treatment of two or more yarn passages, the number of plates corresponds to the number of yarn passages + 1.
24. Method according to one of Claims 22 or 23,
    characterized in that the plates are joined on slide rails to form the nozzle block, and that the nozzle block is clamped on seals of a medium supply element by means of clamping cams.
25. Method according to one of Claims 22 to 24,
    characterized in that in order to ensure exact positioning of the ceramic plates relative to the yarn channel, the ceramic plates are guided on slide rails and joined to form a nozzle block, with the nozzle block being clamped air-tight on a colour-coded supporting base with common air supply.
26. Method according to Claim 22, characterized in that the medium supply, in particular the air supply, to the yarn channel is via a transverse bore in a plate roughly along the middle of the yarn channel, transversely to or at a slight angle to the axis of the yarn channel, and that the filament yarn is interlaced or migrated.
27. Method according to one of Claims 22 to 26 for production of knotted yarn from smooth and textured filament yarn in a continuous yarn channel of a swirl nozzle with a main bore aligned centrally with the yarn channel axis for the primary air and at least one auxiliary bore arranged at a distance from the main bore for secondary air, with the primary air being admitted to the yarn channel at an angle between perpendicular and with an only slight conveying effect or slight effect against the yarn conveying direction, and the secondary air via the at least one auxiliary bore arranged at an angle towards the yarn channel axis and oriented differently to the primary air to support the swirling flow.
28. Method according to one of Claims 22 to 27 for production of fine knotted yarn with high regularity of the knots by means of air nozzles with a yarn treatment channel and blowing air that is blown in transversely to the yarn treatment channel, with the blowing air in yarn transport direction and the blowing air against the yarn transport direction each forming a double swirl to produce the knots and the blowing air in the inlet area to the yarn treatment channel is set into two intense stationary eddy currents undisturbed by filament bundles in a short air swirling chamber in the longitudinal direction of the yarn channel.
29. Method according to one of Claims 22 or 25, characterized in that the medium, in particular air, supply to the yarn channel is directed tangentially into the yarn channel via a transverse bore to false twist the filament yarn.

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