EP1752600A1 - Pneumatic body - Google Patents

Abstract

Pneumatic body comprises a progression formed by an outer contour of an inner molded profile. The shape and the volume expansion of the sleeve (1) of the body impinged with compressed air or gas is controlled by the contour of the inner molded profile. Preferred Features: The inner molded profile is made from a flat air-tight plate material, especially a composite material, with or without hollow chambers or bendable pressure stable plastic plates or hollow body elements. The inner molded profile has a frame construction made from aluminum, metal, wood or plastic composite material.

Description

In the description, the invention will be explained in detail on a few product applications, wherein the basic operating principle of the invention is also intended for other product systems or individual products for use.

Pneumatic known components e.g. for sailboat hulls consist essentially of a tube to be acted upon by compressed air rotating body. In terms of flow, these hull shapes have a poor efficiency and, due to the design, have no directionally stable straight-line running, which ultimately impairs the sailing properties. Another disadvantage is that these pneumatic body must be subjected to high internal pressure to stay kink-resistant.

In the so-called film roofs, the frameless foil cushions are anchored by pulling from the outside in a tensioning frame. The foil pillows are designed as a single structure only for a tensile load and therefore can not, for example. in structural structures cast or clamped glass panes, assume static tasks in the structure. This one-sided, designed to train, static function of the foil cushion can be redeemed only at an optimal pressure in the individual pillows. Another disadvantage of this technical solution anchoring the foil cushion in the tensioning frame is that arise in the attachment section cold bridges. In addition, technically complicated and expensive measures are necessary to make waterproofing roofs or facades. Another disadvantage of these known constructions, when the outer film is defective, is the film placed centrally between the outer and inner film layers, e.g. when it rains the water collects like a sack and that this additional load the tensioning frame and the structure of the structure are loaded and that ultimately, when the film breaks, the water flows into the interior of the building.

The invention is now based on the problem of providing a pneumatic body which avoids the disadvantages shown on the two product examples representative and also allows further advantages.

The inner forming profile is disposed within the cavity forming sheath. The design limit for the use of an inner shaping profile is achieved when the cavity-forming casing can be formed by pressurization to a rotational body and the diameter is greater than the height or width of the inner shaping profile. The internal shaping profile ensures that the pneumatic body remains kink-resistant, even at low internal pressure in the cavity-forming shell.

In a plane, the outer contour of the pneumatic body through the

Defined contour profile of the inner shaping profile. In conjunction with the appropriate choice of material for the cavity-forming shell and a specified internal pressure, creates a planned three-dimensional shape of a pneumatic body. The defined nature of the internal forming profile and the material used for the void-forming envelope, as well as its blanking for the volume size, allow precisely calculable and reproducible static designs to be achieved. Depending on the installation position and the constructional shape of the internal forming profile, different product requirements, such as pedestrian bridges or boat hulls of different load bearing capacity, can be realized. When the inner forming profile is inserted vertically into the cavity forming sheath, the inner forming profile is subjected to a greater compressive and tensile load than the sheath forming envelope.

If the inner forming profile runs horizontally in the cavity-forming casing, the inner forming profile is less exposed to compressive and tensile loading, since now the pneumatic mode of action of the cavity-forming casing is more pronounced.

The internal forming profile is designed according to the product requirement. The inner forming profile may e.g. when used in a membrane pad, be formed from a thin Plexiglas disk or frame. In a boat hull with a vertically inserted inner forming profile, as well as a correspondingly high internal pressure in the cavity forming sheath, the inner forming profile is subjected to high pressure and pressure

Subjected to tensile load and therefore must have correspondingly higher static strength values. Unlike in the case of known pneumatic pressure bodies, in the pneumatic body according to the invention the static tasks are defined by both functional elements, the inner shaping profile and the cavity-forming sheath, in their dependent operative connection. When using a flat, dense plate material for the formation of the inner shaping profile, and a material for the cavity-forming shell with mirror-symmetric blank, two equal-sized cavities, which extend to the left and right of the inner shaping profile. At the same internal pressure in these cavities, the Innenfbrmgebungsprofil can be formed of a thin material and still be subjected to a large pressure load, since the inner shaping profile is stabilized and held by the two air pressure pads, which are located on its two sides in its central position. In a different pressurization of the two cavities with gas or air, which consists of a flat plate material internal shaping profile must be structurally stronger, creating a different surface pressure. In an open frame construction or in through holes in the sheet material plate the internal shaping profile prevail in both pneumatic bodies identical pressure conditions. The internal forming profile is responsible for two major design functional requirements. One is responsible for the definition and shaping of the circumferential contour of the pneumatic component in a plane and determines depending on how e.g. with a continuously tapering circumferential contour, using a slightly elongated foil, the pneumatic operative relationship results in the formation of the cavity-forming shell. The result is a continuously increasing or decreasing volume expansion with different curvatures in the hobhaumformenden shell. According to the invention, this pneumatic interaction with its variable parameters is used for the conversion and as a calculable quantity, e.g. lightweight pneumatic body, which can withstand a high static load or which are designed particularly streamlined, realize.

This functional relationship is e.g. when constructing a surfboard or wave board or a bridge clearly. In both cases, the inner forming profile is oriented horizontally and forms on its lower and

Top a cavity-forming shell, which can be used according to a different volume expansion as a sliding surface or as a bridge component.

Another advantageous application of the invention are the so-called foil roofs and facades.

Today's foil cushions consist of two or more layers of film forming the void-forming envelope.

When pressurized with compressed air, they form foil cushions, whereby several of these foil cushions are put together to form a roof or facade. With the invention, an easy-to-install and weather-stable pneumatic component for roof and wall systems is proposed. The cavity-forming sheath () no longer needs to be tensioned from outside by a tensioner frame, but can be inserted into existing or newly designed roof and façade elements through the use of an interior shaping profile such as a glass sheet. The inner forming profile is formed in this application of a transparent plastic plate or a frame construction. For energy-related reasons, it is advantageous if the internal shaping profile is formed from transparent web or double-web plates. The films forming the void-forming shell can be sealed airtight to the transparent plastic panel or the surrounding frame structure. However, it is advantageous if the single-layer or multi-layer films used outside the inner molding profile or the frame construction are welded together. The encircling frame construction has on its inner side receiving guides for receiving transparent plastic plates and films with or without arranged below net mesh made of stainless steel wire or plastic. Advantageously, the combination of a centrally arranged in the foil cushion film and a transparent, coarse-meshed plastic fabric which extends under this centrally disposed film to prevent sagging in a possible damage to the outer film. It is advantageous if the middle film is welded to the inner and outer film and the fabric is attached centrally to the frame construction. The inventive design of the film cushion with the inner shaping profile allows integration of the foil cushion in the roof or facade construction, without causing cold spots at the junctions. By using a thermal insulating element, which is also formed simultaneously as a sealing profile and in the region of the clamping portion of the inner shaping profile with the clamping profile of the recording system. The transparent plastic or multi-wall sheets, which form the inner shaping profile, can be equipped with LED bulbs or glued with light foils. Due to their dimensional accuracy and their cost-effective production, the film cushions according to the invention are particularly suitable for industrial production with corresponding fabrication. In special applications, e.g. in regions with winter conditions, it is envisaged that the upper film of the cavity-forming sheath for the foil cushion is formed by a preformed, solid, transparent plastic element and is subjected to air pressure as in the flexible embodiment.

This constructive solution is also advantageous for light sports boats, such as for kayaks, for economic and product-improving aspects. In this case, the void-forming shell that forms the boat consists of two different materials. The void-forming shell that forms the hull consists of a flexible film with or without a textile fabric. The above-water hull consists of a solid, preformed, cavity-forming casing which, with its receptacles, forms the inner forming profile for the flexible film that forms the boat hull. According to a development of the invention, a counter-clamping mold is used for special product requirements. With the circumferential contour and height profile of the counter-clamping mold, the cavity-forming casing is limited from the outside in its extension and simultaneously changed in their shape.

This design process can be purposefully controlled because it is subject to the same laws as the design principle applied using the inner molding profile. For the static requirements of a pneumatic bridge construction it is sufficient if, using a vertically arranged inner shaping profile, the cavity-forming sheath is designed as a pneumatic supporting structure only in the lower area of the bridge. The shell forming under and over the inner forming profile, according to its blank, is delimited above the inner forming profile by a counter-clamping form which is attached to the inner forming profile. Advantageously, the counter-clamping mold consists of a flat, pressure-stable material, which can be used simultaneously as a catwalk. The distance between the inner forming profile and the cavity-forming casing under the counter-clamping mold is to be selected depending on the product. In most cases, the counter-clamping mold is placed directly on the internal forming profile. Sealant, such as e.g. rubber-like dowels, sealing rings, flanges and appropriate fasteners are used according to the design conditions to airtight seal the cavity-forming shell. Different spacers that are required between the Innenfbrmgehungsprofil and the Gegenspannform arise from the different requirements. With a counter-clamping mold mounted centrally under a slide, e.g. the runner area defined as a pneumatic body and molded. The counter-clamping mold may include coupling systems for receiving different elements, e.g. for bridge railings, fins on the surfboard, connection systems for connecting a plurality of pneumatic bodies or receptacles for cavity-forming sheaths. Variants of the counter-clamping mold are various profiles, e.g. be used as edge profiles and enclose the cavity-shaping envelope according to the profile formation, deform, shorten, evert or fasten. As with the counter-clamping mold, shaping such as e.g. be influenced by the contour and height profile of the edge profiles influence on the shape of the cavity-forming shell. The use of finishing or clamping profiles of rigid materials such as aluminum or plastic is then provided if additional static requirements, e.g. Increased strength is required, or if special profile designs with integrated guide profiles are provided for fastening with other elements.

At the cavity-forming shell various attachment and sealing elements are provided for their attachment to the inner shaping profile. Depending on the different versions, simple fixing piping with or without edge protection function or pneumatic piping or tensioning hoses can be used. The pneumatic piping or tensioning hose is advantageously used for circulating closed sealing systems. An exemplary application is e.g. the airtight connection of a hard boat shell with a flexible underwater boat body. If the void-forming shell of several individual segments or of different materials with different

Assembled properties, it is advantageous if the individual blanks are chosen so that they can be connected to function separators or Funktionserweiternden bodies by appropriate fastening and sealing elements. By way of example, the film blanks for a catamaran hull, which is formed in the simple embodiment of two film blanks, in

Kiel area by a fastening and sealing element with which the cavity-forming shell is attached to the inner shaping profile, welded together.

• Fig. 1 ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel einer pneumatischen Brückenkonstruktion in Draufsicht mit einer Gegenspannform, die gleichzeitig als Laufsteg ausgebildet ist.
• Fig. 2 eine Seitenansicht der Fig. 1
• Fig. 3 die Brückenkonstruktion der Fig.1 und 2 mit der Gegenspannform, die am Innenformgebungsprofil befestigt ist und einer am Innenformgebungsprofil umlaufenden Aufnahme Vorrichtung mit darin angeordnete pneumatischen Kederschlauch im Vertikalschnitt.
• Fig.4 eine Brückenkonstruktion mit in der hohlraumformenden Hülle angeordneten Abstandshalter mit denen die Gegenspannform über dem Innenformgebungsprofil, das hier beispielhaft aus starren Plattenmaterial gebildet wird, gehalten wird im Vertikalschnitt.
• Fig. 5 einen pneumatischen Körper mit einem Innenformgebungsprofil mit umlaufender Aufnahmevorrichtung mit darin angeordneten flexiblen Keder und einer spiegelsymetrisch ausgeformten hohlraumformenden Hülle, im Vertikalschnitt.
• Fig. 6 einen pneumatischen Körper mit einem Innenformgebungsprofil mit umlaufender Aufnahmevorrichtung mit darin angeordneten flexiblen Keder und einer am Innenformgebungsprofil angebrachten Gegenspannform mit der die hohlraumformende Hülle auf einer Seite begrenzt und gleichzeitig geformt wird, im Vertikalschnitt.
• Fig. 7 einen pneumatischen Körper mit einem Innenformgebungsprofil mit umlaufender Aufnahmevorrichtung mit darin angeordneten flexiblen Keder und einer asymetrisch ausgeformten hohlraumformenden Hülle, im Vertikalschnitt.
• Fig. 8 einen pneumatischen Körper mit einem Innenformgebungsprofil mit umlaufender Aufnahmevorrichtung mit darin angeordneten flexiblen Keder und zwei am Innenformgebungsprofil angebrachten Gegenspannformen mit der die hohlraumformende Hülle auf beiden Seiten begrenzt und gleichzeitig geformt wird, im Vertikalschnitt
• Fig. 9 einen pneumatischen Körper für einen Schlitten mit einem Innenformgebungsprofil mit umlaufender Aufnahmevorrichtung mit darin angeordneten flexiblen Keder und einer auf der Unterseite des Imenformgebungsprofils angebrachten Gegenspannform mit der die hohlraumformende Hülle zu zwei pneumatischen Kufen ausgeformt ist an denen einzelne Gleitkufen befestigt sind, im Vertikalschnitt.
• Fig. 10 ein Ausführungsbeispiel für ein Surfbrett, mit einer auf der Oberseite des Innenformgebungsprofils angebrachten Gegenspannform, als Draufsicht.
• Fig. 11 das Surfbrett der Fig. 10 mit einer Gegenspannform, die am Innenformgebungsprofil befestigt ist und einer am Innenformgebungsprofil umlaufenden Aufnahmevorrichtung für einen flexiblen Keder, im Vertikalschnitt.
• Fig. 12 das Surfbrett der Fig.10 und 11 in der Seitenansicht
• Fig. 13 ein Ausführungsbeispiel für ein Surfbrett ohne Gegenspannform in Seitenansicht..
• Fig. 15 das Surfbrett der Fig.13 und 14 mit einem Innenformgebungsprofil und der spiegelsymetrisch ausgeformten hohlraumformenden Hülle, im Vertikalschnitt.
• Fig. 16 ein Ausführungsbeispiel für ein Surfbrett mit einem gekrümmten Innenformgebungsprofil in Seitenansicht.
• Fig. 17 das Surfbrett der Fig. 16 in Draufsicht.
• Fig. 18 als Vertikalschnitt wird eine Ausführungsform für einen Bootsrumpf dargestellt, wo an einem vertikal angeordneten Innenformgebungsprofil in seinen oberen Bereich die umlaufende Außenkontur durch ein mittig angesetztes horizontal verlaufendes zweites Innenformgebuagsprofil das gleichzeitig eine vorgeformte hohlraumformende Hülle bildet ersetzt wird und an beiden Innenformgebungsprofilen Aufnahmevorrichtungen für Befestigungs- und Dichtungselemente für die hohlraumformende Hülle bestehen.
• Fig. 19 als Vertikalschnitt wird eine Ausführungsform für einen Bootsrumpf oder einen pneumatischen Baukörper dargestellt, wo an einem vertikal Angeordneten Innenformgebungsprofil im oberen Drittel zwei horizontal angeordnete Innenformgebungsprofile spiegelsymmetrich angeordnet sind, und an beiden Innenformgebungsprofilen Aufnahmevorrichtungen für Befestigungs- und Dichtungselemente für die hohlraumformende Hülle bestehen.
• Fig. 20 als Vertikalschnitt wird eine Ausführungsform für einen einen pneumatischen Baukörper der durch drei vertikal angeordnete Innenfornigebungsprofile, die als Rahmenkonstruktion ausgebildet sind und durch Querstreben miteinander verbunden sind, dargestellt.
• Fig. 21 ein Vertikalschnitt durch einen pneumatischen Körper mit einem dreidimensional geformten Innenformgebungsprofil
• Fig. 22 als Vertikalschnitt wird eine Ausführungsform für einen pneumatischen Körper dargestellt, wo an einem vertikal Angeordneten Innenformgebungsprofil in seinen oberen Bereich die umlaufende Außenkontur durch ein mittig angesetztes horizontal verlaufendes zweites Innenformgebungsprofil ersetzt wird und an beiden Innenformgebungsprofilen Aufnahmevorrichtungen für Befestigungs- und Dichtungselemente für die hohlraumformende Hülle bestehen an denen drei einzelne Hüllenabschnitte befestigt sind.
• Fig. 23 als Vertikalschnitt wird beispielhaft eine Ausführungsform für einen pneumatischen Körper, der aus zwei gekrümmte Innenformgebungsprofilen mit Aufnahmevorrichtungen für Befestigungs- und Dichtungselementen dargestellt.
• Fig. 24 als Vertikalschnitt eines pneumatischen Körpers, dessen hohlraumformende Hülle aus zwei, einer festen und einer flexiblen hohlraumformenden Hülle, geformt wird und dass das Innenformgebungsprofil durch die Aufnahmevorrichtungen gebildet wird.
• Fig. 25 als Vertikalschnitt eines pneumatischen Körpers, dessen hohlraumformende Hülle aus zwei, einer festen konkav ausgeformten und einer flexiblen höhlraumförmenden Hülle, geformt wird und dass das Innenformgebungsprofil durch die Aufnahmevorrichtungen gebildet wird.
• Fig. 26 als Vertikalschnitt eines pneumatischen Körpers, dessen hohlraumformende Hülle aus zwei, einer festen blattenförmigen und einer flexiblen hohlraumformenden Hülle, geformt wird und dass das Innenformgebungsprofil durch die Aufnahmevorrichtungen gebildet wird.
• Fig. 27 als Vertikalschnitt eines pneumatischen Körpers, dessen hohlraumformende Hülle aus zwei, einer festen dreidimensional verformten und einer flexiblen hohlraumformenden Hülle, geformt wird und dass das Innenformgebungsprofil durch die Aufnahmevorrichtungen gebildet wird.
• Fig. 28 als Vertikalschnitt eines pneumatischen Körpers, mit einem dreidimensional geformten Inrtenformgebungprofils.
• Fig. 29 als Vertikalschnitt eines Bootsrumpfes mit einem dreidimensional geformten Innenformgebungprofils und einer oberhalb der Vertiefung umlaufenden Gegenspannform.
• Fig. 30 als Vertikalschnitt eines Bootsrumpfes mit einem dreidimensional geformten Innenformgebungprofil und einer im Fußbereich angeordneten Gegenspannform.
• Fig. 31 die Draufsicht eines Bootes.
• Fig. 32 als Seitenschnitt des Bootes der Fig.31 dessen hohlraumformende Hülle aus zwei, einer festen oberen dreidimensional verformten und einer flexiblen unteren hohlraumformenden Hülle, geformt ist und die flexible untere hohlraumformende Hülle mit einem pneumatischen Kederschlauch an der oberen festen hohlraumformenden Hülle befestigt ist.
• Fig. 33 ein Querschnitt der Fig. 31 und 32
• Fig: 34 eine Seitenansicht eines Katamaranrumpfes mit einem Abschluss- und Klemmprofil in dem das Innenformgebungsprofil mit der hohlraumformende Hülle eingebetet ist und an dem die Rudereinrichtung und die Verbindungselemente für das Verbinden von zwei Rümpfen befestigt werden.
• Fig. 35 ein Querschnitt der Fig. 34 wobei im Kielbereich ein flexibler Keder an dem die zwei Hälften, die die hohlraumformende Hülle bilden angeschweißt oder angeklebt sind, im Innenformgebungsprofil integriert ist
• Fig. 36 Schnitt durch einen Abschluss- und Klemmbereich am Katamaranrumpf wobei bei dieser Lösung die hohlraumformende Hülle Luftdicht eingeklemmt wird.
• Fig. 37 Schnitt durch einen Abschluss- und Klemmbereich am Katamaranrumpf wobei bei dieser Lösung die hohlraumformende Hülle mit einem pneumatischen Kederschlauch am Innenformgebungsprofil luftdicht angebracht ist
• Fig. 38 Schnitt durch einen Abschluss- und Klemmbereich am Katamaranrumpf wobei bei dieser Lösung an der hohlraumformenden Hülle zwei Klemmkeder angeschweißt oder angeklebt sind, die in entsprechende Aufnahmen am Innenformgebungsprofil durch ein Klemmprofil Luftdicht eingeklemmt werden..
• Fig. 39 Schnitt durch einen Abschluss- und Klemmbereich am Katamaranrumpf wobei bei dieser Lösung an der hohlraumformenden Hülle ein Klemmkeder angeschweißt oder angeklebt ist und in eine entsprechende Aufnahme am Innenformgebungsprofil durch ein Klemmprofil Luftdicht eingeklemmt wird.
• Fig. 40 Schnitt durch einen Klemmbereich in dem ein spezieller Keder der mit der hohlraumformenden Hülle verschweißt oder verklebt ist und in den entsprechend Ausgeformten Profil eingelegt ist und durch ein Klemmprofil gehalten wird.
• Fig. 41 Schnitt durch einen Aufnahmebereich in dem ein spezieller Klemmkeder der mit der hohlraumformenden Hülle verschweißt oder verklebt ist über ein Hohlrohrprofil geklemmt wird.
• Fig. 42 Schnitt durch einen Aufnahmebereich in dem ein spezieller Keder der mit der hohlraumformenden Hülle verschweißt oder verklebt ist in ein entsprechend Ausgeformtes Profil das sich am Innenformgebungsprofil befindet eingeklemmt wird.
• Fig. 43 Schnitt durch eine Aufnahmevorrichtung in dem ein pneumatischer Kederschlauch der an einer hohlraumformenden Hülle angebracht ist, im nicht Aufgeblasenen Zustand in der Aufnahmevorrichtung liegt.
• Fig. 44 Schnitt durch eine Aufnahmevorrichtung in dem ein pneumatischer Kederschlauch der an einer hohlraumformenden Hülle angebracht ist, im aufgeblasenen Zustand in der Aufnahmevorrichtung eingebettet ist.
• Fig. 45 Schnitt durch eine Aufnahmevorrichtung in dem ein pneumatischer Kederschlauch zwei hohlraumformende Hüllen miteinander verbindet und im aufgeblasenen Zustand in der Aufnahmevorrichtung eingebettet ist.
• Fig. 46 Schnitt durch einen Aufnahmebereich in dem ein Klemmkeder der mit der hohlraumformenden Hülle verschweißt oder verklebt ist, auf das Innenformgebungsprofil geschoben ist.
• Fig. 47 Schnitt durch einen Aufnahmebereich in dem ein Keder, der mit der hohlraumformenden Hülle verschweißt oder verklebt ist, in eine Seite eines Doppel Klemmprofils eingelassen ist und dass die andere Seite des Doppel Klemmprofils auf das Innenformgebungsprofil geschoben ist.
• Fig. 48 Schnitt durch einen Aufnahmebereich in dem ein Klemmkeder, der mit der hohlraumformenden Hülle verschweißt oder verklebt ist, in eine Profilaufnahme am Innenformgebungsprofil eingepresst ist.
• Fig. 49 Schnitt durch einen Aufnahmebereich in dem ein Einfassungs- und Schutzprofil aus Alu oder Kunststoff auf das Innenformgebungsprofil aufgeschoben ist und die hohlraumformende Hülle im Klemmbereich zwischen dem Innenformgebungsprofil und dem Einfassungs- und Schutzprofil liegt.
• Fig. 50 zeigt Beispielhaft zwei auf jeder Seite angeordneter Aufnahmebereiche für die Aufnahme pneumatischer Kederschläuche.
• Fig. 51 zeigt Beispielhaft ein Profil in dem auf jeder Profilseite ein Aufnahmebereich für die Aufnahme eines pneumatischen Kederschlauchs eingelassen ist.
• Fig. 52 Schnitt durch eine Aufnahmevorrichtung und einen pneumatischer Spannschlauch im nicht aufgeblasenen Zustand mit der Aufnmevorrichtung und wie er zwei hohlraumformende Hüllen verbindet und dass er auf seiner Verbindungsseite sowie fünfzig Prozent des Schlauchkörperumfangs Gewebeverstärkt oder besonders stark ausgebildet ist.
• Fig. 53 zeigt den pneumatischen Spannschlauch der Fig. 52 im aufgeblasenen Zustand mit der Aufnahmevorrichtung
• Fig. 54 Schnitt durch eine Aufnahmevorrichtung in dem ein pneumatischer Spannschlauch in eine Seite eines Doppel Klemmprofils eingelassen ist und dass die andere Seite des Doppel Klemmprofils auf das Innenformgebungsprofil geschoben ist und die hohlraumformende Hülle im Klemmbereich zwischen dem Innenformgebungsprofil und dem Klemmprofil liegt.
• Fig. 55 Schnitt durch einen Spannschlauch mit zwei Abdeckprofilen und einem Befestigungsabschnitt an dem eine hohlraumformende Hülle befestigt ist.
• Fig. 56 Schnitt durch einen Spannschlauch mit zwei Abdeckprofilen und einem Befestigungsabschnitt an dem ein Kederprofil befestigt ist.
• Fig. 57 Schnitt durch einen Spannschlauch mit zwei Abdeckprofilen und zwei Befestigungsabschnitten an denen zwei hohlraumformende Hüllen befestigt sind.
• Fig. 58 Schnitt durch einen Spannschlauch mit zwei Abdeckprofilen die gleichzeitig Befestigungsabschnitte für zwei hohlraumformende Hüllen bilden.
• Fig. 59 Schnitt durch einen pneumatischen Körper mit zwei in der hohlraumformenden Hülle angeordneten Luftsäcken.
• Fig.60 Schnitt durch einen pneumatischen Körper der durch eine Vorgeformte flexible äußere hohlraumformende Hülle und einer daran anliegenden Innenhülle und einem Innenformgebungsprofil gebildet wird.
• Fig. 61 zeigt einen Schnitt durch einen Befestigungsabschnitt mit einem thermischen Isolier- und Dichtungselement in das zwei Membranenkissen, die jeweils durch eine transparente Stegblatte, die das Innenformgebungsprofil bildet, ausgeformt sind und dass die hohlraumformende Hülle im Befestigungsabschnitt durch das thermische Isolierelement auf der Oberseite des Innenformgebungsprofil eingeklemmt und fixiert wird und dass das thermische Isolierelement mit dem Innenformgebungsprofil durch eine Klemmschiene gehalten wird.
• Fig. 62 zeigt einen Schnitt durch einen Befestigungsabschnitt mit einem thermischen Isolier- und Dichtungselement in das zwei Membranenkissen, die jeweils durch eine transparente Platte, die das Innenformgebungsprofil bildet, ausgeformt sind und dass die hohlraumformende Hülle im Befestigungsabschnitt durch das thermische Isolierelement auf der Oberseite des Innenformgebungsprofil eingeklemmt und fixiert wird und dass das thermische Isolierelement mit dem Innenformgebungsprofil durch eine Klemmschiene gehalten wird.
• Fig. 63 zeigt einen Schnitt durch einen Befestigungsabschnitt mit einem thermischen Isolier- element, das ein Rahmenprofil dass das Innenformgebungsprofil bildet, ummantelt und dass die hohlraumformende Hülle die das Membranenkissen bildet außerhalb des thermischen Isolierelementes angebracht ist und das ein zweites thermisches Isolier- und Dichtungselement unter der Klemmschiene die hohlraumformende Hülle im Befestigungsabschnitt auf den in der hohlraumformenden Hülle eingebrachten thermischen Isolierelement eingeklemmt und fixiert und dass ein Netzgewebe unterhalb einer mittig angeordneten Folie mit der Folie durch das Rahmenprofil gehalten wird.
• Fig. 64 zeigt einen Schnitt durch einen Befestigungsabschnitt mit einem thermischen Isolier- element, das ein kreisförmiges Rahmenprofil, dass das Innenformgebungsprofil bildet, ummantelt und dass die hohlraumformende Hülle die das Membranenkissen bildet innerhalb des thermischen Isolierelementes angebracht ist und dass die Klemmeinrichtung Ausformungen aufweißt, in die das kreisförmige Rahmenprofil eingeklemmt und fixiert wird.
• Fig. 65 zeigt in Draufsicht ein Innenformgebungsprofil, das aus einer transparenten Kunststoffplatte gebildet wird.
• Fig. 66 zeigt in Draufsicht ein Innenformgebungsprofil das als Rahmenkonstruktion mit einer grobmaschigen innenliegenden Gitterstruktur ausgebildet ist.
• Fig. 67 zeigt in Draufsicht ein Innenformgebungsprofil das als Rahmenkonstruktion mit einer feinmaschigen innenliegenden Gitterstruktur ausgebildet ist.
• Fig. 68 zeigt einen Schnitt der Fig. 65
• Fig. 69 zeigt einen Schnitt durch eine Stegplatte.
• Fig. 70 zeigt einen Schnitt durch eine Doppelstegplatte.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawing. Show it:

• Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a pneumatic bridge construction in plan view with a counter-clamping mold, which is also designed as a catwalk.
• FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. 1
• Fig. 3, the bridge construction of Figures 1 and 2 with the counter-clamping mold, which is fixed to the inner shaping profile and a rotating on the inner forming profile receiving device with arranged therein pneumatic Kederschlauch in vertical section.
• 4 shows a bridge construction with spacers arranged in the cavity-forming sheath, with which the counter-clamping shape over the inner shaping profile, which is formed here by way of example from rigid plate material, is held in vertical section.
• Fig. 5 shows a pneumatic body with an inner shaping profile with circumferential receiving device with therein arranged flexible piping and a mirror-symmetrically shaped cavity-forming shell, in vertical section.
• Fig. 6 shows a pneumatic body with an inner shaping profile with circumferential receiving device with therein arranged flexible piping and a Innenformgebungsprofil mounted on the counter-clamping mold with the cavity-forming envelope bounded on one side and simultaneously formed in vertical section.
• Fig. 7 shows a pneumatic body with an inner shaping profile with circumferential receiving device with therein arranged flexible piping and an asymmetrically shaped cavity-forming envelope, in vertical section.
• Fig. 8 shows a pneumatic body with an inner forming profile with circumferential receiving device with therein arranged flexible piping and two attached to the inner forming profile counter-clamping molds with the cavity-forming envelope bounded on both sides and formed simultaneously, in vertical section
• Fig. 9 shows a pneumatic body for a carriage with an inner forming profile with rotating receiving device with therein arranged flexible piping and mounted on the bottom of the Imenformgebungsprofils counter-clamping mold with which the cavity-forming shell is formed into two pneumatic skids on which individual skids are attached, in vertical section.
• 10 shows an embodiment of a surfboard, with a mounted on the top of the inner shaping profile counter-clamping mold, as a plan view.
• Fig. 11, the surfboard of Fig. 10 with a counter-clamping mold, which is fixed to the inner shaping profile and a rotating on the inner forming profile receiving device for a flexible piping, in vertical section.
• Fig. 12, the surfboard of Fig.10 and 11 in side view
• Fig. 13 shows an embodiment of a surfboard without counter-clamping shape in side view.
• 15 shows the surfboard of FIGS. 13 and 14 with an internal shaping profile and the mirror-symmetrically formed cavity-forming sleeve, in vertical section.
• 16 shows an exemplary embodiment of a surfboard with a curved inner shaping profile in side view.
• Fig. 17, the surfboard of Fig. 16 in plan view.
• Fig. 18 is a vertical section showing an embodiment of a boat hull, where on a vertically disposed inner shaping profile in its upper region, the circumferential outer contour is replaced by a centrally applied horizontally extending second Innenformgebuagsprofil which simultaneously forms a preformed cavity-forming shell and on both inner shaping profiles receiving devices for mounting - And sealing elements for the cavity-forming shell exist.
• Fig. 19 is a vertical section showing an embodiment of a boat hull or a pneumatic structure, where two horizontally arranged inner shaping profiles are arranged mirror-symmetrically on a vertically arranged inner shaping profile in the upper third, and on both internal shaping profiles receiving devices for fastening and sealing elements for the cavity-forming shell.
• Fig. 20 as a vertical section is an embodiment of a pneumatic structural body of the three vertically arranged Innenfornigebungsprofile, which are formed as a frame construction and are connected by cross-struts, shown.
• Fig. 21 is a vertical section through a pneumatic body having a three-dimensionally shaped inner shaping profile
• Fig. 22 is a vertical section of an embodiment of a pneumatic body is shown, where on a vertically arranged internal shaping profile in its upper region, the circumferential outer contour is replaced by a centrally applied horizontally extending second inner shaping profile and on both internal shaping profiles receiving devices for fastening and sealing elements for the cavity forming Shell consist of which three individual shell sections are attached.
• Fig. 23 as a vertical section is an example of an embodiment of a pneumatic body, which consists of two curved inner shaping profiles with receiving devices for fastening and sealing elements.
• Fig. 24 is a vertical section of a pneumatic body, the cavity-forming sheath of which is formed from two, a fixed and a flexible cavity-forming sheath, and that the inner shaping profile is formed by the receiving devices.
• Fig. 25 is a vertical section of a pneumatic body, the cavity-forming sheath of two, a solid concave shaped and a flexible cavity-shaped envelope, is formed and that the inner shaping profile is formed by the receiving devices.
• Fig. 26 is a vertical section of a pneumatic body, the cavity-forming sheath of which is formed of two, a solid blade-shaped and a flexible cavity-forming sheath, and that the inner shaping profile is formed by the receiving devices.
• Fig. 27 is a vertical section of a pneumatic body whose cavity-forming sheath is formed of two, a solid three-dimensionally deformed and a flexible cavity-forming sheath, and that the internal shaping profile is formed by the receiving devices.
• Fig. 28 as a vertical section of a pneumatic body, with a three-dimensional molded Inrtenformgebungprofils.
• 29 shows a vertical section of a boat hull with a three-dimensionally shaped inner shaping profile and a counter-clamping mold revolving above the depression.
• Fig. 30 is a vertical section of a boat hull with a three-dimensionally shaped inner shaping profile and arranged in the foot area counter-clamping mold.
• Fig. 31 is a plan view of a boat.
• Fig. 32 is a side sectional view of the boat of Fig. 31 with its cavity forming sheath formed from two solid upper three dimensionally deformed and flexible lower cavity sheaths and the flexible lower cavity sheath secured to the upper solid cavity sheath with a pneumatic welt tube.
• FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view of FIGS. 31 and 32. FIG
• Fig. 34 is a side view of a catamaran fuselage with a termination and clamping profile in which the inner forming profile is embedded with the cavity forming sheath and to which the rudder means and fasteners for joining two hulls are attached.
• Fig. 35 is a cross-sectional view of Fig. 34 wherein in the keel area, a flexible piping on which the two halves which form the cavity forming sheath are welded or glued is integrated in the inner forming profile
• 36 shows a section through a terminating and clamping region on the catamaran hull, wherein in this solution the cavity-forming sheath is clamped in an air-tight manner.
• Fig. 37 section through a termination and clamping area on the catamaran fuselage wherein in this solution, the cavity-forming shell is mounted airtight with a pneumatic piping hose on the inner shaping profile
• Fig. 38 section through a termination and clamping area on the catamaran fuselage wherein in this solution to the cavity-forming shell two Klemmkeder are welded or glued, which are clamped in corresponding receptacles on the inner shaping profile by a clamping profile airtight.
• Fig. 39 section through a termination and clamping area on the catamaran fuselage in this solution to the cavity-forming shell a Klemmkeder is welded or glued and is clamped air-tight in a corresponding receptacle on the inner shaping profile by a clamping profile.
• Fig. 40 section through a clamping area in which a special piping is welded or glued to the cavity-forming shell and is inserted into the corresponding molded profile and is held by a clamping profile.
• Fig. 41 section through a receiving area in which a special Klemmkeder which is welded or glued to the cavity-forming shell is clamped over a hollow tubular profile.
• Fig. 42 Section through a receiving area in which a special piping is welded or glued to the cavity-forming shell is clamped in a correspondingly shaped profile which is located on the inner shaping profile.
• Fig. 43 section through a receiving device in which a pneumatic piping hose is attached to a cavity-forming sheath, in the non-inflated state in the receiving device.
• Fig. 44 section through a receiving device in which a pneumatic piping hose is attached to a cavity-forming sheath, is embedded in the inflated state in the receiving device.
• 45 shows a section through a receiving device in which a pneumatic welt tube connects two cavity-forming sleeves to one another and is embedded in the receiving device in the inflated state.
• FIG. 46 shows a section through a receiving region in which a clamping bead which is welded or adhesively bonded to the cavity-forming casing is pushed onto the inner shaping profile. FIG.
• Fig. 47 section through a receiving area in which a piping, which is welded or glued to the cavity-forming sheath, is embedded in one side of a double clamping profile and that the other side of the double clamping profile is pushed onto the inner shaping profile.
• Fig. 48 section through a receiving area in which a Klemmkeder which is welded or glued to the cavity-forming shell, is pressed into a profile recording on the inner shaping profile.
• Fig. 49 section through a receiving area in which a bordering and protection profile made of aluminum or plastic is pushed onto the inner shaping profile and the cavity-forming shell lies in the clamping area between the inner shaping profile and the bordering and protection profile.
• By way of example, FIG. 50 shows two receiving areas arranged on each side for receiving pneumatic piping hoses.
• 51 shows by way of example a profile in which a receiving area for receiving a pneumatic welt tube is embedded on each profile side.
• Fig. 52 section through a receiving device and a pneumatic tension hose in the uninflated state with the Aufnmevorrichtung and how it connects two cavity-forming sheaths and that it is fabric reinforced or particularly strong on its connection side and fifty percent of the hose body circumference.
• FIG. 53 shows the pneumatic tensioning hose of FIG. 52 in the inflated state with the receiving device
• Fig. 54 section through a receiving device in which a pneumatic tensioning hose is inserted into one side of a double clamping profile and that the other side of the double clamping profile is pushed onto the inner shaping profile and the cavity-forming shell lies in the clamping region between the inner shaping profile and the clamping profile.
• Fig. 55 section through a tension tube with two cover profiles and a mounting portion to which a cavity-forming sheath is attached.
• Fig. 56 section through a tension hose with two cover profiles and a mounting portion to which a Keder profile is attached.
• Fig. 57 section through a clamping tube with two cover profiles and two mounting portions to which two voidformende cases are attached.
• Fig. 58 section through a clamping tube with two cover profiles which simultaneously form attachment portions for two void-forming sheaths.
• Fig. 59 section through a pneumatic body with two arranged in the cavity-forming sheath air bags.
• Fig. 60 section through a pneumatic body is formed by a preformed flexible outer cavity-forming shell and an adjacent inner shell and an inner shaping profile.
• Fig. 61 shows a section through a mounting portion with a thermal insulating and sealing element in the two membrane pad, each formed by a transparent web sheet, which forms the inner molding profile, and that the cavity-forming shell in the attachment portion by the thermal insulating element on the top of Internal shaping profile is clamped and fixed and that the thermal insulation element is held with the inner shaping profile by a clamping rail.
• Fig. 62 shows a section through a fixing portion with a thermal insulation and sealing member in the two membrane cushion, each formed by a transparent plate forming the inner shaping profile, and that the cavity-forming sheath in the attachment portion by the thermal insulation element on the top of Internal shaping profile is clamped and fixed and that the thermal insulation element is held with the inner shaping profile by a clamping rail.
• Fig. 63 shows a section through a mounting portion with a thermal insulation element, which surrounds a frame profile that forms the inner shaping profile, and that the cavity-forming shell which forms the membrane cushion is mounted outside of the thermal insulating element and the second thermal insulation and sealing element under the clamp rail clamps and fixes the cavity forming sheath in the attachment portion to the thermal insulating member inserted in the cavity forming sheath and that a net is held beneath the frame profile below a centrally disposed foil with the foil.
• FIG. 64 shows a section through a fixing section with a thermal insulating element encasing a circular frame profile forming the inner forming profile, and that the cavity forming sheath forming the membrane cushion is mounted inside the thermal insulating element and that the clamping device has protrusions which the circular frame profile is clamped and fixed.
• Fig. 65 shows in plan view an internal forming profile formed of a transparent plastic plate.
• FIG. 66 shows a top view of an internal shaping profile which is designed as a frame construction with a coarse-meshed internal grid structure.
• FIG. 67 shows a top view of an internal shaping profile which is designed as a frame construction with a fine-meshed internal grid structure.
• FIG. 68 shows a section of FIG. 65. FIG
• Fig. 69 shows a section through a web plate.
• Fig. 70 shows a section through a double-web plate.

A pneumatic bridge construction is shown in Figs. 1 to 4, which is formed by a horizontally disposed inner shaping profile 2.d a counter-clamping mold 10 and the cavity-forming sheath 1.1 and 1.2. The flexible sheet material for the shaping of the hollow forming sheath 1 may be fabric reinforced, which is preferably designed as a cross fabric, so that a low extensibility of the film is maintained. Positioning, which relates to the position, distance and the formal shape of the counter-clamping mold 10 in the context of the internal molding profile 2, depends on the required product function. With this type, e.g. Also flat hull or surfboards, as shown in Figs. 31 to 33 and in Figs. 10 to 17, are designed. If the inner forming profile 2 is used vertically and without counter-clamping mold 10 for the design of pneumatic bodies, lightweight pneumatic support structures for roofing systems, bridges or aerodynamic boat hulls, e.g. for a sailing catamaran as shown in FIG. 34. In FIGS. 5 to 9, some differently shaped pneumatic bodies are shown in vertical section by way of example.

5 shows a pneumatic body with the Innenfibrmgebungsprofil 2a plate material and a arranged around the inner shaping profile 2a mirror symmetrically shaped cavity-forming shell. 1

The film material of the cavity-forming sheath 1 consists of a flexible and stretchable film, wherein the internal pressure in both chambers is equal, since a connecting channel in the inner shaping profile 2a connects both chambers 1.5 and 1.6. If the Innenfonngebungsprofil plate material 2a, 2b, 2c and 2c.1 but formed without connecting channel, the internal pressure in the individual chambers 1.5 and 1.6 can be controlled differently. The different shape of the chambers 1.5 and 1.6 can, as shown in FIG. 7, also be predetermined by the use of different film materials, their blank, or with a film type that can be chosen differently in terms of flexibility or film thickness. In FIGS. 6, 8 and 9, some embodiments are shown that result from the use of a counter-clamping mold 10. Again, the internal pressure can be individually controlled in the individual chambers 1.5 and 1.6, or the respective shape of the cavity-forming shell 1 are predetermined on the choice of material. Basically, in all pneumatic bodies which have a different chamber size 1.5 and 1.6, or the void-forming shell is formed mirror-symmetrical, but the internal pressure in the individual chambers is different, or different film materials are used for the void-forming shell 1.1 and 1.2, a lock the Cavity forming sheath 1 on Innenformgebungsgrofil 2 necessary. Various receiving devices 3 on the inner shaping profile 2 and the corresponding fastening and sealing elements 1a on the cavity-forming casing 1 are provided for different applications. The fastening and sealing elements 1a on the cavity-forming sheath 1 can, if required, be designed in such a way that they additionally serve as edge protection, rubbing strip or e.g. are formed as Kielabschluss a hull. In FIGS. 10 to 17, various design options for surfboards are illustrated by way of example.

The fastening and sealing elements 1a on the cavity-forming casing 1 are here provided with a circumferential edge protection 12. FIG. 16 shows a surfboard with a curved 2e.2 internal shaping profile 2 in the bow and stern region. The inner shaping profile 2 can be curved in its longitudinal or transverse direction 2e.2 or formed as a free-form surface. The inner forming profile 2 for particularly viable pneumatic bridge constructions is arc-shaped in its longitudinal axis, and optionally either the inner shaping profile 2 or the counter-clamping mold 10 is clamped with its support points in pressure-resistant receiving mounts. In FIGS. 18 to 30, some design principles of inner forming profiles 2 and the associated forming possibilities of the cavity forming sheath 1 and how the cavity forming sheath 1, by the use of a solid preformed subsegment 1.4 and a flexible subsegment 1.3, the function of the inner shaping profile takes over , In FIGS. 18, 19 and 22, two inner forming profiles 2.1 and 2.2 define the shape of the envelope 1 forming the cavity. In Figs. 24, 25, 26 and 27, the cavity-forming sheath 1 is formed of a preformed sub-segment 1.4 and a flexible sub-segment 1.3. The function of the inner shaping profile 2 takes over the circumferential contour 2e, which are defined by the receiving devices 3 on the preformed part segment 1.4. 21, 28, 29 and 30, the inner shaping profile 2 f is formed as a partial segment of a three-dimensional hollow body to allow special product requirements such as the shape of a seat recess in a boat. In Figs. 20 and 23, the inner forming profile 2 is formed by a frame structure 2d.

In Fig. 20, the pneumatic body is formed of three inner forming profiles 2 which are spaced apart by connecting elements. This solution is particularly suitable for use as a carrier or for a boat double hull. In Fig. 23 it is shown how, by the different arrangement of individual inner shaping profiles 2 with their respective peripheral outer contours 2.e, the shape of the cavity forming sheath 1 can be controlled to e.g. to meet different static requirements. By way of example, FIGS. 31 to 33 show a hull in which the cavity-forming casing 1 which forms the hull is formed by a preformed sub-segment 1.4 and a flexible sub-segment 1.3. The flexible sub-segment 1.3 is airtightly secured with a pneumatic Kederschlauch 1a.3 in the receiving device 3 on the preformed sub-segment 1.4. In Fig. 34 and 35, a hull for a sailing catamaran is shown. The upper end profile 4 made of aluminum, which forms the clamping system, can be connected to a coupling system, e.g. be provided with profiled grooves, e.g. the rudder or the crossbars with which the two hulls are connected together. The material for the cavity-forming sheath 1 can be selected differently according to the requirements. For a more robust handling it is advantageous, e.g. to use an aramid fabric, in particular cases a flexible inner shell 1c can be used in addition. The possibility is provided of changing the internal air pressure in the cavity-forming casing 1 via a pressurizing and controllable system as required. At a higher speed, e.g. the internal pressure in the cavity-forming casing 1 can be lowered in order on the one hand to reduce the volume and, on the other hand, to realize a simultaneous pressure-yielding soft outer skin. For safety reasons, the cavity-forming sheath 1 may be formed in several layers or be equipped with additional individual air bags 9, which can also be acted upon by a pressurizing and controllable system with air or gas.

In FIGS. 36 to 39, there are shown some ways in which the hull forming hull 1 can be hermetically sealed to the hull and at the same time, by the construction, realize a statically stable hemming and securing portion on the upper hull. Various fastening and sealing elements 1a with the corresponding receiving devices 3 are shown in FIGS. 40 to 49. FIG. 40 shows how a soft clamping profile 1a.5 fastened to the cavity-forming casing 1 is pressed through the clamping and end profile 4 into the clamping device 3f. 41, 42, 45, 46 to 48 different fastening and sealing elements 1a are shown, which is pulled or pressed by the pressurized cavity-forming shell 1 to the circumferential outer contour 2e of the Innenfonngebungsprofils 2. These embodiments are provided with an edge protector 12. The pneumatic welt tube 1 a.3 in FIG. 45 is advantageous in pressure-stable

Internal shaping profiles 2 used. By way of example, FIGS. 43 and 44 show the use of a pneumatic welting tube 1a.3 with the corresponding receiving device 3. The pneumatic piping hose 1a.3 is subjected to train, and is therefore additionally made of material reinforced on its pressure-loaded bearing side in the receiving device 3. As shown in FIGS. 50 and 51, a plurality of receiving devices 3 for the pneumatic welting tube 1a.3, or tensioning tube 1a.2 can be attached to the internal forming profile 2.

One or more of these receptacles 3 may also be attached to different end profiles or to the void forming sheath 1, e.g. to couple individual pneumatic bodies together, or to clamp individual membrane films or membrane cushions between individual pneumatic structural bodies or supporting structures, or to tension them. FIG. 49 shows a closing profile 1a.8 which, on the one hand, arrests the cavity-forming casing 1 on the inner forming profile and, on the other hand, is a robust edge protection for products subjected to high stress. If the end profile 1a.8 is made of a hard material, such as e.g. is formed of aluminum, a flexible soft material between the cavity-forming sheath 1 and the inside of the end profile is attached to avoid damage to the cavity-forming sheath 1. FIGS. 52 to 58 show different embodiments of a pneumatic tensioning hose 1a. The pneumatic tension hose 1a.2 is designed for different tasks. It connects in different orientations individual cavity-forming shells 1, 1.1, 1.2 airtight with the inner shaping profile 2, it can with an edge protection 12 and with recording devices 3 or with mounting and

Be provided sealing elements 1a. He takes over with strong shock damping tasks. The optimal efficiency of the pneumatic clamping hose 1a.2 unfold in circular or circular forms. In FIG. 59, a pneumatic body with a mirror-symmetrically shaped hollow space-forming casing 1 with inner air bags 9 is shown. The void-forming shell 1 and the individual air bags can be pressurized individually via a pressure-regulating system. This embodiment is particularly advantageous for use in hulls. Shown in Fig. 60 is a hull including a void forming sheath 1b made of a low expansion aramid fabric having a waterproof, smooth outer skin and a flexible inner sheath 1c. The cavity-forming casing 1 and the flexible inner casing 1c can be pressurized individually via a pressure-regulating system. FIGS. 61 to 64 show some examples of different receiving and fastening options, using thermal insulating and sealing profiles 7 of membrane cushions in structural or façade elements. Depending on the shape of the inner shaping profile 2 and the number of film layers, the thermal insulating and sealing element 7 is used or formed. For thermal reasons, the use of a web or double-wall plate 2c and 2c.1 as Innenformgebungsprofil 2 is an optimal solution. In order to avoid cold spots, the thermal insulating and sealing element 7 is chosen in its dimensioning and shaping depending on the choice of the inner shaping profile 2 in that a correspondingly large thermal insulation space is provided by the cavity-forming casing 1 or in conjunction with the thermal insulating and sealing element 7. For a simple and inexpensive installation of the membrane cushion in the structural or facade construction, it is advantageous if the thermal insulation and

Sealing element 7 is already mounted on the production side of the membrane cushion. Thus, the cavity-forming sheath 1 is sealed watertight at a different internal pressure in its attachment portion from the outside, the thermal insulation and sealing member 7 has a portion of the lip-shaped and outside the mounting portion and resiliently rests on the cavity-forming shell 1. The individual membrane cushions are connected according to the prior art to controllable compressed air systems.

This option applies to all pneumatic bodies according to the invention with their different designs.

FIGS. 65 to 70 show some embodiments of inner shaping profiles 2 for membrane cushions. In principle, the inner shaping profile 2 can be made flexibly but pressure-resistant according to the task and thus have little influence on the static system of the supporting structure, or the inner shaping profile 2 assumes a calculable static task within the supporting structure. The inner shaping profile 2 designed as a frame construction 2d can take on this static task.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

cavity-forming shell

1.1

cavity-forming shell for chamber 1 (1.5)

1.2

cavity-forming shell for chamber 2 (1.6)

1.3

flexible cavity-forming shell

1.4

preformed cavity-forming shell

1.5

Chamber 1

1.6

Chamber 2

1a

Fastening and sealing elements

1a, 1

flexible piping

1a, 2

pneumatic tension hose

1a, 3

pneumatic piping hose

1a.3a

thicker wall thickness

1a, 4

strips of material

1A.5

clamping profile

1A.6

U-clamp profile

1A.7

piping profile

1b

Tissue with low extensibility

1c

flexible inner cover

1d

Sheet metal or stainless steel mesh

2

Interior machining profile

2.1

first level / vertical

2.2

second level / horizontal

2a

rigid plate material

2 B

transparent plastic plates

2c

wall sheets

2c.1

Double-wall sheets

2d

frame construction

2d, 1

inside

2e

circumferential outer contour

2e 2

Krümmungskurfe

2f

Partial segment of a three-dimensional hollow body

3

cradles

3a

Mounting profile for flexible piping

3b

Kederaufnahmeprofile

3c

pneumatic piping

3d

pneumatic tension hoses

3e

Shooting for clamping profiles

3f

Clamps

4

End and clamping profile

5

membrane film

6

tissue

7

thermal insulating and sealing element

8th

weatherstrip

9

Gas or airbag

10

Stirrup shape

11

attachment section

12

edge protection

13

sealing elements

14

distance construction

Claims (25)

Pneumatic body for a variety of products such as boat hulls, construction and bridge elements, foil roofs and furniture having a pressurizable air and gas-tight flexible cavity-forming sheath (1), and components for absorbing compressive and tensile forces, characterized in that in one Level of the course of the pneumatic body by the outer contour of an inner shaping profile (2) is determined that according to the contour of the inner shaping profile (2), the shape and the volume expansion of the cavity-forming sheath (1) which is controllably acted upon by compressed air or gas, and fixed is controlled, and that the internal shaping profile (2) is designed for compressive and tensile stress. Pneumatic body according to claim 1, characterized in that the internal shaping profile (2) is formed from flat and in particular airtight plate material (2a), in particular from composite materials with or without internal cavities, or from flexible but pressure-stable transparent plastic plates (2b) or plastic material plates (2c). or hollow body elements - also pneumatic - is formed. Pneumatic body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner shaping profile (2) is a frame construction (2d) made of aluminum, metal, wood or plastic composite materials and is formed from different profiles with different profile cross sections. Pneumatic body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner shaping profile (2) with its outer peripheral outer contour (2e) has curvature curves (2e.2), and that the inner shaping profile (2) consists of a three-dimensional freeform surface. Pneumatic body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner shaping profile (2) is formed from a sub-segment of a three-dimensional hollow body (2f) and consists of aluminum, metal, transparent plastic or GRP and accommodating devices (3) for cavity-forming envelopes (2). 1). Pneumatic body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner shaping profile (2) on the peripheral outer contour (2e) in partial sections, for fastening the cavity-forming sheath (1) and for gas- and airtight seal a receiving profile for flexible piping (2). 3a), pneumatic piping hose (3c) or tensioning hose (3d), receptacles for clamping profiles (3e) or clamping devices (3f) into which the fastening and sealing elements (1a) located on the cavity-forming casing (1) are inserted or fastened with clamping systems become. Pneumatic body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner shaping profile (2d) on the inside (2d.1) of the frame construction receiving guides for Receiving plastic plates (2b, 2c, 2c.1 and 2f), membrane sheets (5) and fabric (6) made of stainless steel wire or plastic has and that the internal shaping profile (2b, 2c, 2c.1) and the membrane sheets (5) preferably made of a controllable, self-luminous material, which may also be applied to another base material, and that the self-luminous material is also a screen for moving images, and that in the plastic plates (2b, 2c, 2c.1 and 2f) and in the tissue ( 6) and in the Innenformgebungsgrofil (2d) LED bulbs are integrated. Pneumatic body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cavity-forming sheath (1) and the membrane foil (5) are sealed airtight outside the inner shaping profile (2b, 2c, 2c.1, 2d) or the frame construction (2d), or that the cavity-forming casing (1) and the membrane film (5) are welded or glued directly to the frame construction (2d). Pneumatic body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that in order to avoid cold bridges in the attachment section (11) of the pneumatic body with the facade system circumferentially on the inner shaping profile (2b, 2c, 2c.1, 2d), a thermal insulating and sealing element ( 7), which is in particular U-shaped as a sealing element and is mounted within the cavity-forming sheath (1) on the inner shaping profile (2b, 2d, 2c, 2c.1 and 2f) or over the cavity-forming sheath (1). Pneumatic body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermal insulating and sealing element (7) made of rubber, neoprene, fiber composites or other low thermal conductivity materials. Pneumatic body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the inner shaping profile (2) is formed from at least two parts, which are connected by pivoting devices or plug-in coupling systems releasably and lockable with each other. Pneumatic body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that with a spacer construction (14) a different spacing of a plurality of internal shaping profiles (2b, 2d, 2c, 2c.1 and 2f) and the corresponding cavity-forming shells (1) is realized to each other , Pneumatic body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cavity-forming casing (1) is formed from a preformed cavity-forming casing (1.4) and a flexible cavity-forming casing (1.3). Pneumatic body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cavity-forming sheath (1) consists of at least two blanks and an inner shaping profile (2), and the blanks are glued or welded together or by at least one on the hohlrauraformenden shell (1 ) welded or glued Fastening and sealing element (1a) with which the cavity-forming sheath (1) is attached to the inner shaping profile (2) is formed. Pneumatic body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the void-forming sheath (1) consists of airtight flexible plastic films or rubber, which are advantageously coated with a textile fabric of low extensibility or with a net or cross fabric whose thread profile relative to the In particular, the longitudinal axis of the pneumatic body is rotated 45 degrees or from a void forming sheath (1b) formed of carbon or aramid fabric and a second flexible inner sheath (1c) which is pressurized with gas or compressed air and abuts against the inside of the void sheath (1b ) presses. Pneumatic body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cavity-forming sheath (1c) consists of an airtight material with textile fabric, carbon fiber or aramid fabric with small extensibility, and the cavity-forming sheath (1b) alternatively of a flexible airtight material or of the same material as the cavity forming sheath (1c), and that the cavity forming sheath (1b) and the flexible inner sheath (1c) are individually and independently controllable with gas or compressed air. Pneumatic body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cavity-forming sheath (1) by two laterally on the inner shaping profile (2) opposite, tubular shaped and self-contained pneumatic body are formed, which individually controllably applied to gas or compressed air can be, and which are attached to the circumferential outer contour (2e) of the inner shaping profile (2), or in which an air bag (9) is introduced, and that both the individual self-contained pneumatic body and the individual air bags (9) can be subjected to controllable gas or compressed air. Pneumatic body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cavity-forming sheath (1) is formed from at least two individual cavity-forming sheaths (1.1 and 1.2) connected by fastening and sealing elements (1a) with the Innenformgebungsprof (2) be and which can be acted upon individually or together with compressed air or gas. Pneumatic body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that fastening and sealing elements (1a) are provided for gas-tight and hermetic sealing on the cavity-forming sheath (1), such as special zip fasteners or hook-and-loop fasteners, a flexible welt ( 1a.1) or pneumatic tensioning (1a.2) or piping (1a.3), which are regulated by a valve for manual Druckluftbeaufschlagung or in total by a Standardmeß- and control technology via air and gas pressure-supplying systems according to the task. Pneumatic body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pneumatic piping hose (1a.3) is acted upon by a valve with compressed air or gas, is formed from a flexible rubber or plastic hose with different wall thickness, wherein the pneumatic piping hose ( 1a.3) with its thicker wall thickness (1a, 3a), which in particular comprises one third of the hose diameter, in front of the Kederprofilschlitz, and that in this reinforced area a flat strip of material (1a.4) is formed with correspondingly different angular positions with the cavity forming sheath (1) is glued or welded, or that fastening and sealing elements (1a) are attached to the material strip (1a.4). Pneumatic body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pneumatic tensioning hose (1a.2) is acted upon by a valve with compressed air or gas, is formed as a pneumatic ring, and is used for the purpose as a customized clamping system, and that an outer skin (1a.3a) delimiting the expansion of the tension hose consists of a tension-resistant fabric or a plastic shell which has at least half the cross-section of the tension hose (1a.2) in its dimensions, and in that the outer skin (1a.3a) has fastening and Sealing elements (1a) or material strips (1a.4), which can be glued or welded to the cavity-forming sheath (1). Pneumatic body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pneumatic tensioning hose (1a.2) is used with known belt tensioning systems with a retractor mechanism, which allow a variable adjustment of the length and an airtight sealing. Pneumatic body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that terminating and clamping profiles (4) which are fixedly but detachably connected to the internal shaping profile (2) by known screw and clamping devices, that the cavity-forming sheath (1) preferably is introduced under the termination and clamping profile (4), that by the shape and contour of the termination and clamping profiles (4) the course of the pneumatic body is determined that the termination and clamping profiles (4) holes or different profile shapes for Kederaufnahmeprofile (3b, 3c, 3a) or for other coupling elements, which are suitable for receiving different components, and that they are preferably made of aluminum, metal or plastic composites. Pneumatic body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the volumetric expansion of the cavity-forming casing (1) is formed by a counter-clamping mold (10) resting on the outside of the cavity-forming casing (1), which is firm and airtight by known fastening means with the internal forming profile (2) that the course of the pneumatic body is determined by the formal design and the contour profile and by the distance of the counter-clamping mold (10) to the internal shaping profile (2), and that the counter-clamping mold (10) bores, different profile shapes or other coupling elements has, which are suitable for the inclusion of different attachments and preferably made of aluminum, metal or plastic composites. Pneumatic body according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the counter-clamping mold (10) is formed by a pneumatic body.

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