EP1581775A1 - Method and device for the generation of cold and heat by magneto-calorific effect - Google Patents
Method and device for the generation of cold and heat by magneto-calorific effectInfo
- Publication number
- EP1581775A1 EP1581775A1 EP03776760A EP03776760A EP1581775A1 EP 1581775 A1 EP1581775 A1 EP 1581775A1 EP 03776760 A EP03776760 A EP 03776760A EP 03776760 A EP03776760 A EP 03776760A EP 1581775 A1 EP1581775 A1 EP 1581775A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- heat
- mixture
- magnetic field
- particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
- F25B2321/002—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects by using magneto-caloric effects
- F25B2321/0021—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects by using magneto-caloric effects with a static fixed magnet
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for generating cold and heat by magneto-caloric effect through at least one heat exchanger.
- It also relates to a device for generating cold and heat by magneto-caloric effect comprising at least one heat exchanger.
- US Pat. No. 4,674,288 describes a helium liquefaction device comprising a magnetizable substance which is mobile in a magnetic field generated by a coil and a reservoir containing helium and in thermal conduction with said coil. The translational movement of the magnetizable substance generates cold which is transmitted to helium via conductive elements.
- the subject of French publication FR-A-2 525 748 is a magnetic refrigeration device comprising a magnetizable material, a system generating a variable magnetic field and heat and cold transfer means comprising a chamber filled with a saturated liquid refrigerant.
- the magnetizable material generates cold in a position in which the cold transfer means extract the cold from the magnetizable material by condensation of a coolant, and the magnetizable material generates heat in another position in which the transfer means heat extract heat from the magnetizable material by boiling another coolant.
- French publication FR-A-2 586 793 relates to a device comprising a substance intended to produce heat when it magnetizes and to produce cold when it demagnetizes, a means of generating a variable magnetic field, said magnetic field generating means comprising a superconductive coil and a reservoir containing an element to be cooled.
- American patent US Pat. No. 5,231,834 includes a magnetic effect heating and cooling device in which a magnetic fluid is pumped through the system.
- the fluid crosses a magnetic field generated by superconductive magnets or others. When the fluid enters the magnetic field it is heated. due to magnetization.
- the present invention proposes to overcome the drawbacks of known systems by providing a method and a cooling device which do not use polluting refrigerants and which therefore do not have the drawbacks of previous systems.
- This object is achieved by the process as defined in the preamble and characterized in that a mixture of a carrier fluid containing particles consisting of at least one magneto-caloric material, or a material with phase change, is circulated.
- a superconductive material or a mixture of such materials in a main circuit consisting of a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger connected in series, in that a magnetic field is generated in said first exchanger heat by magnetic means associated with this first heat exchanger, in that the second heat exchanger is kept outside said magnetic field so that said particles undergo a rise in temperature when they pass through the magnetic field and that they undergo cooling when they leave the magnetic field, in that heat is extracted from said first heat exchanger at the hub n of a hot circuit, and in that cold is extracted from said second heat exchanger by means of a cold circuit.
- said carrier fluid can be in the liquid state or in the gaseous state.
- said carrier fluid is a heat transfer liquid.
- said carrier fluid is a nano-fluid.
- said carrier fluid is a suspension.
- Said carrier fluid can also be a fluid of the multifunctional type.
- said particles of a magneto-caloric material consist of one and the same material.
- Said particles preferably have a substantially spherical shape and average dimensions of between 10 ⁇ m and 1000 ⁇ m.
- said particles can have different shapes and dimensions.
- the second heat exchanger is isolated from the magnetic field generated in the first heat exchanger.
- the mixture of the main circuit and the fluid of the hot circuit and / or of the cold circuit are circulated in opposite directions, respectively through said first and said second heat exchanger.
- a mixture of a heat transfer fluid and particles made up of at least one superconductive material is circulated in a main circuit consisting of a first heat exchanger connected to a second heat exchanger, a magnetic field is generated in said first heat exchanger by magnetic means associated with this first heat exchanger, said mixture is circulated in the second heat exchanger located outside said magnetic field, so that the particles of material superconductor undergo a rise in temperature when they pass through the magnetic field to heat said mixture in said first heat exchanger and they undergo cooling when they leave the magnetic field to cool said mixture in said second heat exchanger, what is extracted from the heat of said first heat exchanger eur by means of at least one hot circuit, and in that the cold is extracted from said second heat exchanger by means of at least one cold circuit.
- the device as defined in the preamble and characterized in that it comprises:
- a main circuit consisting of a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger, connected in series, in which a mixture of a carrier fluid circulates containing particles consisting of at least one magneto-caloric material, or a phase change material, or a superconductive material or a mixture of such materials,
- magnetic means arranged to generate a magnetic field in said first heat exchanger so that the particles undergo a rise in temperature when they pass through said magnetic field and that they undergo cooling when they leave this magnetic field
- said magnetic means comprise permanent magnets.
- said magnetic means comprise electromagnets.
- said magnetic means are arranged to generate a variable magnetic field.
- said first heat exchanger comprises an outer casing and interior conduits, the interior conduits conveying said heat transfer fluid of the hot circuit and bathing in the mixture of carrier fluid and particles of the main circuit and said magnetic means constituting the outer shell of the heat exchanger.
- said first heat exchanger comprises an outer casing and interior conduits, these interior conduits carrying a heat-transfer fluid from the hot circuit and immersed in the mixture of carrier fluid and particles of the main circuit and said magnetic means constituting part of the outer casing of the heat exchanger, the other part consisting of tubing concentric with the magnetic means.
- said first heat exchanger comprises an outer casing and interior conduits, said interior conduits conveying the mixture of carrier fluid and particles of the main circuit and bathing in a heat transfer fluid of the hot circuit, and said means magnetic constituting the walls of the interior conduits.
- said first heat exchanger comprises an outer casing and interior conduits, said interior conduits conveying the mixture of carrier fluid and particles of the main circuit and immersed in a heat transfer fluid of the hot circuit and said magnetic means constituting a part of the walls of the interior conduits of the heat exchanger, the other part consisting of tubes concentric with the magnetic means and arranged inside the latter.
- FIG. 1 represents a schematic view of an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention
- FIGS. 2A, 2B, 2C and 2D show cross-sectional views of particular construction forms of the first heat exchanger of the device of FIG. 1.
- the device 10 shown schematically comprises a first heat exchanger 11 mounted in series with a second heat exchanger 12 to form a main circuit 13 in which circulates for example a mixture consisting of a heat transfer fluid and particles of at least one magneto-caloric material.
- the first heat exchanger 11 is associated with magnetic means 14 arranged to generate a magnetic field in this first heat exchanger 11.
- the walls of the latter are defined so that they do not influence the magnetic field generated and that this magnetic field is preferably substantially identical inside and outside of said first heat exchanger 11.
- the magnetic means 14 consist either of permanent magnets, or of electromagnets or of any other device capable of creating a magnetic field. It is possible to provide magnetic means 14 generating a constant magnetic field or a variable magnetic field.
- the magnetic means 14 are arranged so that the first heat exchanger 11 is entirely subject to the generated magnetic field and the second heat exchanger is arranged so that it is located outside of this magnetic field.
- any suitable insulation means can be used to magnetically insulate the second heat exchanger 12.
- the device 10 comprises a first circuit called “hot circuit 15" in which a heat transfer fluid is preferably circulated to use the heat produced by the magneto-caloric effect, this first circuit being associated with said first heat exchanger 11. It comprises also a second circuit called “cold circuit 16" in which preferably circulates a heat transfer fluid to exploit the lowering of the temperature linked to the magneto-caloric effect, this second circuit being associated with said second heat exchanger 12.
- a pump 17 is mounted in the main circuit 13 to circulate the mixture of heat transfer fluid and particles through the heat exchangers 11 and 12.
- the hot circuit 15 and the cold circuit 16 are conventional user circuits respectively used for heating and cooling a space or an enclosure depending on the applications.
- the mixture circulating through the main circuit 13 is for example made up of a mixture made up of a heat-transfer fluid in the liquid state or in the gaseous state preferably having a high thermal conductivity and of particles made up either of one or of several magneto-caloric materials, either of phase change materials, or of superconductive materials.
- the fluid is called the carrier fluid and carries particles of one or more different natures.
- the particles conveyed by the carrier fluid can be mixtures of magneto-caloric and phase change particles or possibly superconductive.
- the carrier fluid may also be a nanofluid or a suspension or any other fluid of the multifunctional type. The various possible structures of these particles will be described in more detail below.
- the particles can have any shape and any size. They can be of the same shape and the same dimensions or of different shapes and dimensions. However, for the mixture to have better dynamic characteristics, the particles are preferably small. Their average size is preferably between 10 and 1000 micrometers.
- the mixture can form a homogeneous or heterogeneous mixture.
- the proportion of particles in the mixture is defined so that the latter remains fluid enough to circulate freely in the main circuit 13. For this purpose, this proportion preferably does not exceed 40% of the mass of the mixture and is preferably between 15% and 40% of this mass.
- the operation of the device 10 is based on the method in which, when the magnetic means 14 generate a magnetic field in the first heat exchanger 11, the particles located in this first heat exchanger 11 magnetize and lose their entropy. As a result, they undergo a rise in temperature and the heat generated is transmitted by heat exchange to the heat transfer fluid in which these particles are suspended. The entire mixture located in the first heat exchanger 11 subjected to the magnetic field therefore undergoes a temperature rise.
- This heated heat transfer fluid can be used in the use circuit 15 for any application.
- the particles of the mixture undergo demagnetization and cool.
- the heat transfer fluid of the mixture located in the vicinity of these particles undergoes cooling.
- the entire mixture leaving the magnetic field undergoes cooling.
- the cooled mixture enters the second heat exchanger 12 and the cold thus produced can be used for any application.
- the main circuit 13 is provided with a means of adjusting (not shown) the flow rate to suitably adjust the flow rate of the mixture through this circuit.
- Optimal operation of the device 10 is obtained by choosing flow rates for which the particles do not undergo sedimentation but remain in suspension in the mixture to circulate through the first and second heat exchangers 11 and 12.
- the device is weightless and the mixture of the main circuit 13 is no longer subject to flow constraints. Their parameters are then defined so as to optimize the generation of cold and heat.
- the heat exchanger 11 comprises an outer casing 11a and inner conduits 11b arranged inside this outer casing.
- the inner conduits 11b convey a heat transfer fluid 15a from the hot circuit and are immersed in the mixture of carrier fluid and particles 13a of the main circuit 13.
- the magnetic means 14 constitute the outer casing 11a of the heat exchanger 11 .
- the heat exchanger 11 comprises an outer casing 11a and inner conduits 11b arranged inside this outer casing.
- the inner conduits 11b convey a heat transfer fluid 15a from the hot circuit and are immersed in the mixture of carrier fluid and particles 13a of the main circuit 13.
- the magnetic means 14 constitute the outer part of the envelope 11a of the heat exchanger, the inner part of this envelope being constituted by a tube 11c concentric with the magnetic means 14.
- the heat exchanger 11 has an outer casing 11a and inner conduits 11b disposed inside this outer casing.
- the interior conduits 11b convey the mixture of carrier fluid and particles 13a of the main circuit and are immersed in a heat transfer fluid 15a of the hot circuit.
- the magnetic means 14 constitute, in this embodiment, the walls of the interior conduits 11b.
- the heat exchanger 11 comprises an outer casing 11a and inner conduits 11b arranged inside this outer casing.
- the interior conduits 11b convey the mixture of carrier fluid and particles 13a of the main circuit 13 and are immersed in a heat transfer fluid 15a of the hot circuit.
- the magnetic means 14 constitute, in this embodiment, the external part of the walls of the internal conduits 11b of the heat exchanger 11, the part interior of these conduits being formed by pipes 11d, concentric with the magnetic means and arranged inside the latter.
- Particles of magneto-caloric, superconductive or phase change materials can have different internal structures.
- several magneto-caloric, superconductive or phase change materials compatible with the environment and various non-polluting heat transfer fluids are available and have the properties required to carry out the process and the device of the invention.
- the method and the device according to the invention can be used in industry, in restaurants, in the food industry, in heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems, in refrigerators for domestic use and air conditioners, heat pumps, cars, trains, planes, spaceships, etc.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH221202 | 2002-12-24 | ||
CH02212/02A CH695837A5 (en) | 2002-12-24 | 2002-12-24 | Method and cold generation device and heat by magnetic effect. |
PCT/CH2003/000848 WO2004059222A1 (en) | 2002-12-24 | 2003-12-24 | Method and device for the generation of cold and heat by magneto-calorific effect |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1581775A1 true EP1581775A1 (en) | 2005-10-05 |
Family
ID=32661024
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03776760A Withdrawn EP1581775A1 (en) | 2002-12-24 | 2003-12-24 | Method and device for the generation of cold and heat by magneto-calorific effect |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7481063B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1581775A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2006512557A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2003286086A1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2511543A1 (en) |
CH (1) | CH695837A5 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2004059222A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (32)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FI20050252A (en) * | 2005-03-09 | 2006-09-10 | Mg Innovations Corp | Heat exchanger utilizing a phase change |
CH699375B1 (en) | 2005-12-13 | 2010-02-26 | Heig Vd Haute Ecole D Ingenier | cold generating device and heat by magneto-caloric effect. |
US7788933B2 (en) * | 2006-08-02 | 2010-09-07 | Bsst Llc | Heat exchanger tube having integrated thermoelectric devices |
US20080276623A1 (en) * | 2007-05-11 | 2008-11-13 | Naushad Ali | Magnetic refrigerant material |
US9310112B2 (en) * | 2007-05-25 | 2016-04-12 | Gentherm Incorporated | System and method for distributed thermoelectric heating and cooling |
EP2315987A2 (en) * | 2008-06-03 | 2011-05-04 | Bsst Llc | Thermoelectric heat pump |
FR2932254B1 (en) * | 2008-06-10 | 2010-08-20 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | MAGNETIC REFRIGERATION DEVICE AND REFRIGERATION METHOD |
US20100024859A1 (en) * | 2008-07-29 | 2010-02-04 | Bsst, Llc. | Thermoelectric power generator for variable thermal power source |
CN102264563A (en) | 2008-10-23 | 2011-11-30 | Bsst有限责任公司 | Multi-mode hvac system with thermoelectric device |
FR2942305B1 (en) * | 2009-02-17 | 2011-02-18 | Cooltech Applications | MAGNETOCALORIC THERMAL GENERATOR |
FR2942304B1 (en) * | 2009-02-17 | 2011-08-12 | Cooltech Applications | MAGNETOCALORIC THERMAL GENERATOR |
US9187684B2 (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2015-11-17 | University Of South Carolina | Nanofluids for thermal management systems |
US9556375B2 (en) * | 2009-03-20 | 2017-01-31 | University Of South Carolina | Nanofluids for thermal management systems |
CN102549789B (en) | 2009-07-24 | 2015-03-18 | Bsst有限责任公司 | Thermoelectric-based power generation systems and methods |
KR101771772B1 (en) * | 2010-08-09 | 2017-08-25 | 쿨테크 어플리케이션즈 | Thermal generator containing magnetocaloric material |
FR2963668B1 (en) * | 2010-08-09 | 2012-08-24 | Cooltech Applications | THERMAL GENERATOR WITH MAGNETOCALORIC MATERIAL |
JP5633746B2 (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2014-12-03 | 日立アプライアンス株式会社 | Washing and drying machine |
JP5278486B2 (en) * | 2011-04-25 | 2013-09-04 | 株式会社デンソー | Thermomagnetic engine device and reversible thermomagnetic cycle device |
JP5338889B2 (en) | 2011-04-28 | 2013-11-13 | 株式会社デンソー | Magnetic heat pump system and air conditioner using the system |
KR101654587B1 (en) | 2011-06-06 | 2016-09-06 | 젠썸 인코포레이티드 | Cartridge-based thermoelectric systems |
US9006557B2 (en) | 2011-06-06 | 2015-04-14 | Gentherm Incorporated | Systems and methods for reducing current and increasing voltage in thermoelectric systems |
FR2983281B1 (en) * | 2011-11-24 | 2015-01-16 | Cooltech Applications | MAGNETOCALORIC THERMAL GENERATOR |
KR101264354B1 (en) | 2011-12-06 | 2013-05-15 | 한국전기연구원 | Heat exchange apparatus using magnetic materials with different curie temperatures |
JP2015524894A (en) | 2012-08-01 | 2015-08-27 | ゲンサーム インコーポレイテッド | High efficiency thermoelectric power generation |
US11233254B2 (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2022-01-25 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Process for delivering liquid H2 from an active magnetic regenerative refrigerator H2 liquefier to a liquid H2 vehicle dispenser |
US10443928B2 (en) | 2016-02-22 | 2019-10-15 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Active magnetic regenerative liquefier using process gas pre-cooling from bypass flow of heat transfer fluid |
WO2018183398A1 (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2018-10-04 | Barclay, John | Advanced multi-layer active magnetic regenerator systems and processes for magnetocaloric liquefaction |
WO2018183397A1 (en) | 2017-03-28 | 2018-10-04 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Active magnetic regenerative processes and systems employing hydrogen heat transfer fluid |
US11220155B2 (en) | 2018-08-31 | 2022-01-11 | Faurecia Interior Systems, Inc. | Vehicle air vent |
CN112178973A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-01-05 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Magnetic regenerator and magnetic refrigeration device |
US20230392884A1 (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2023-12-07 | Toyo Engineering Corporation | Heat pump and heat pump unit using same |
WO2022168379A1 (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2022-08-11 | 東洋エンジニアリング株式会社 | Heat pump unit |
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US3108444A (en) * | 1962-07-19 | 1963-10-29 | Martin Marietta Corp | Magneto-caloric cryogenic refrigerator |
US4392356A (en) * | 1977-08-31 | 1983-07-12 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Magnetic heat pumping |
JPS58184471A (en) | 1982-04-23 | 1983-10-27 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Magnetic refrigerator |
US4638194A (en) * | 1983-07-18 | 1987-01-20 | Keefe Peter D | Coherent magneto-caloric effect superconductive heat engine process cycle |
JP2513608B2 (en) | 1985-08-30 | 1996-07-03 | 株式会社東芝 | Magnetic refrigeration method and apparatus |
US4970866A (en) * | 1989-12-07 | 1990-11-20 | Sundstrand Corporation | Magneto caloric system |
US5091361A (en) * | 1990-07-03 | 1992-02-25 | Hed Aharon Z | Magnetic heat pumps using the inverse magnetocaloric effect |
US5231834A (en) * | 1990-08-27 | 1993-08-03 | Burnett James E | Magnetic heating and cooling systems |
US5381664A (en) * | 1990-09-28 | 1995-01-17 | The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of Commerce | Nanocomposite material for magnetic refrigeration and superparamagnetic systems using the same |
US6221275B1 (en) | 1997-11-24 | 2001-04-24 | University Of Chicago | Enhanced heat transfer using nanofluids |
WO2003004944A2 (en) * | 2001-01-30 | 2003-01-16 | Materials And Electrochemical Research (Mer) Corporation | Nano carbon materials for enhancing thermal transfer in fluids |
JP3715582B2 (en) | 2001-03-27 | 2005-11-09 | 株式会社東芝 | Magnetic material |
-
2002
- 2002-12-24 CH CH02212/02A patent/CH695837A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2003
- 2003-12-24 EP EP03776760A patent/EP1581775A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-12-24 AU AU2003286086A patent/AU2003286086A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-24 US US10/540,078 patent/US7481063B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-12-24 WO PCT/CH2003/000848 patent/WO2004059222A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-12-24 CA CA002511543A patent/CA2511543A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-12-24 JP JP2004562429A patent/JP2006512557A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO2004059222A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2006512557A (en) | 2006-04-13 |
CA2511543A1 (en) | 2004-07-15 |
AU2003286086A1 (en) | 2004-07-22 |
CH695837A5 (en) | 2006-09-15 |
WO2004059222A1 (en) | 2004-07-15 |
US7481063B2 (en) | 2009-01-27 |
US20060080979A1 (en) | 2006-04-20 |
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