EP1567027B1 - Sports shoe - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a sports shoe, particularly a golf shoe, comprising a sole on which downward-protruding engaging elements are or can be mounted. The inventive engaging elements (9) or the devices used for mounting said engaging elements (10) are guided and retained so as to be movable back and forth along an arc, especially an arc of a circle.

Description

The invention is based on a sports shoe with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1. Such a sports shoe is from the US 6,035,559 A known.

Golf shoes have a more or less profiled plastic sole, which in order to increase their grip and to increase the stability of the golfer projecting engagement elements, in particular, spikes that penetrate more or less deep into the turf or into the ground. Spikes are made of steel, ceramic and as so-called soft spikes also made of plastic. Softspikes are mandatory on some golf courses because they are less demanding on the golf course than steel or ceramic spikes. Spikes can be firmly anchored in the sole or interchangeable. In the latter case, it is customary to provide threaded holes in the sole, for example, to embed metallic threaded bushings in the sole into which spikes which have a suitable external thread can be screwed.
When golf swing, especially when tee, the aim is that the upper body and the hip of the player are rotated about a solid axis to coincide with the spine. Around this axis, the player should first swing the golf club up, swing back, then swing down, swing forward, swing through the ball position and finally continue the swing in the direction of the targeted goal with rotation of the upper body and the hip and complete so that the chest and pelvis are turned in the direction of the golf ball. At the end of the swing, the player has a posture in which he looks towards the target with the target chest and pelvis, but with the right-handed left foot in its original orientation, across the finish line, but clearly bent in goal direction, so that the outer edge of the left foot is against the ground and the inner edge of the left foot is raised, while the right foot is rotated with strong lifting of the heel towards the target. In the left-hander, on the other hand, the roles of the right and left foot are reversed, so that the left foot kinks and the right heel is raised. The body undergoes a strong torsion during the golf swing, which continues from the foot to high in the spine and strains ligaments and joints. In particular, golfers, who often do their sports, which are not physically fit and / or older, and this is more common with golfers, therefore, often have with strains, strains, tensions, dislocations and / or pain in the back and the Legs to fight. This also prevents one from the DE 100 30 917 A1 known golf shoe not, which has a rotatable plate with spikes on the hoes.

The from the US 6,035,559 A known sports shoe has as engagement elements z. B. studs, which are located on one or two circular turntables in the forefoot and optionally on a further circular turntable in the heel area. This sports shoe has the disadvantage that it - equipped with spikes or studs - in normal conditions can not be pivoted practically. In addition, a rotation by means of a turntable in the forefoot area practically only possible after lifting the heel and would be ergonomically unfavorable. For golf, the well-known shoe is completely unsuitable.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a way of mitigating the stresses and deleterious effects on the body that occur in unnatural swinging motions, such as those performed during golf swinging.

This object is achieved by a sports shoe having the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Hereinafter, the invention will be explained only on the basis of the conditions in the right-handed. For a left-hander, the explanations apply accordingly.

If a golfer who is right-handed wears a conventional golf shoe, then the left foot, which has to provide the necessary stability during the swing, can not follow the momentum because the spikes have burrowed into the ground or into the grass. But it is also not possible for the golfer to lift his left foot in a similar manner and to turn it into the swinging plane as the right foot, because then he would lose his grip under the force of the swing and fall forward.

When using a sports shoe according to the invention that is quite different: Although the spikes cling to a sports shoe according to the invention, the spikes in the ground, but the shoe can still rotate by a limited angle from the original standing position out in the direction of the target, because the spikes along a circular arc are guided, preferably in that the spikes are provided on one or more movable carriers, which is guided and held by means of a circular arc-shaped guide or guide device along the circular arc. Therefore, the shoe can rotate relative to the spikes anchored in the ground. The rotation of the left shoe is done without jeopardizing the stability of the golfer, because the spikes of the left shoe remain in the ground during the turn initiated by the swing.

• Die Torsion des Körpers, der Hüfte, der Knie- und Knöchelgelenke, beim Schwung wird verkleinert. Selbst wenn die Torsion nur um wenige Grade verkleinert wird, bedeutet das bereits eine große Entlastung und Erleichterung, weil die Drehung bei herkömmlichen Golfschuhen mit zunehmendem Drehwinkel beschwerlicher wird und die letzten Grade der Drehung die beschwerlichsten und für den Körper belastendsten sind und für manchen Spieler ein Erreichen oder Überschreiten seiner körperlichen Leistungsgrenze bedeuten. Etwas weniger Torsion bedeutet daher für den Spieler bereits, dass seine Bänder bei der Körperdrehung nicht mehr überdehnt und seine Gelenke nicht mehr überlastet werden.

• ◆ Die Verletzungsgefahr ist insbesondere im Bereich der Wirbelsäule und im Bereich der Fuß- und Kniegelenke stark verringert. Die Gefahr von Verrenkungen oder gar eines Bandscheibenvorfalls wird wesentlich verringert.
• ◆ Die Standsicherheit wird in der Endphase des Schwungs erhöht, weil das Gewicht des Golfspielers im Verlauf der Drehung des Schuhs von der Außenkante in Richtung zum Vorderfuß verlagert wird. Mit dem Vorderfuß läßt sich eine Schwungbewegung am leichtesten und sichersten abfangen.
• ◆ Das Golfspielen ist weniger anstrengend und ermüdend.
• ◆ Überraschenderweise beobachtet man auch eine erhebliche Verbesserung der Zielgenauigkeit beim Schlagen von Golfbällen. Dieses Ergebnis ist zwar unerwartet, aber höchst erfreulich, denn es steigert die Spielstärke und damit die Freude am Spiel.

The invention has great advantages:

• The torsion of the body, the hip, the knee and ankle joints, the momentum is reduced. Even if the twist is only a few degrees This already means a great relief and relief, because the rotation is more difficult in conventional golf shoes with increasing rotation angle and the last degrees of rotation are the most arduous and stressful for the body and for some players means reaching or exceeding his physical capacity limit. Slightly less torsion therefore already means to the player that his ligaments are no longer overstretched during body rotation and his joints are no longer overloaded.

• ◆ The risk of injury is greatly reduced, especially in the area of the spine and in the area of the foot and knee joints. The risk of dislocations or even a herniated disc is significantly reduced.
• ◆ Stability is increased in the final phase of the swing because the golfer's weight is shifted from the outer edge toward the forefoot as the shoe rotates. With the forefoot, a swinging motion is easiest and safest to catch.
• ◆ Playing golf is less tiring and tiring.
• ◆ Surprisingly, one also observes a considerable improvement in the accuracy of aiming golf balls. This result is unexpected, but very pleasing, because it increases the strength of the game and thus the joy of the game.

The spikes can be performed individually in undercut trained, arcuate grooves. Preferably, they are located on a bow-shaped movable support. Basically, it is sufficient to provide spikes only on a single support, useful in the forefoot of the sole. Considering only a single carrier, then preferably in one embodiment, which is so wide that it can accommodate several spikes or other engagement elements next to each other and behind each other. Spikes are advantageous in the heel area, but not essential to the practice of the invention. Preferably, however, there are also in the heel area one or two carriers, which interact with one or more carriers in the forefoot area and their Guide means have the center of curvature in common, so that the rotation of the foot can take place about a defined pivot point. This does not mean, however, that the location of the centers of curvature around which the various carriers move may not be slightly different; however, the centers of curvature must not fall apart so far as to prevent the ability of the shoe to perform a rotational movement. It should be noted that the spikes are not completely immovable stuck in the ground, since the substrate (especially a grass) is somewhat yielding.

As with conventional golf shoes, steel spikes, ceramic spikes or soft spikes can be used; the spikes can be fixed or interchangeable provided on the carriers. In this regard, the invention is not subject to any restrictions. Instead of spikes, other engagement elements may be provided, for example, when forming the carrier formed projections made of plastic, which increase the slip resistance and stability similar to spikes.

Preferably, the spikes or the carrier between a starting position and an end position back and forth. Then the spikes or the carrier and its guide device remain in mutual engagement during the entire movement. For simpler applications, for example, for training purposes, but can be dispensed with a defined starting position and a defined end position relative to the sole of the sports shoe. If then due to the momentum of the carrier should slide out of its guide means, it must be introduced again before the next momentum in the guide device. The sliding out of the carrier from their leadership institutions may also have advantages for training purposes, because the spikes stuck in the ground hold the wearer in place and thereby mark the starting position of the feet for the next swing.

For the usual game operation, however, it is preferred if the carriers are held captive on the shoe by the guide means.

If the sports shoe is designed so that the respective carrier can slide out of its guide device a piece, then preferably a stop is formed between the carrier and its guide means, on which the carrier for limiting the length by which it can slide out of the guide means , strikes. Such a stop may be formed, for example, in that a shoulder is formed both in the guide device and on the associated carrier and these two shoulders meet when sliding out of the carrier from its guide device.

After having been displaced as a result of a swing movement, the carriers must be able to be returned to their original position. This can be done by the athlete making a turn in the opposite direction with his foot before raising it and pulling the spikes out of the ground. A more comfortable possibility is that a return spring is provided in each guide device, which automatically retrieves the carrier in its starting position. The return spring may be, for example, a coil spring or an air spring.

Preferably, the respective carrier is shorter than its guide means which receives it. In a guide device which is closed on both sides, it is a prerequisite for the displacement. In guide devices that are open at one end, this development is expedient if a return spring is provided. However, to provide a return spring, this development is not mandatory, because the return spring could also run inside the carrier. At that end of the guide device, which abuts the carrier in its initial position, the return spring could be anchored at one end and at the opposite end of the carrier, it could with her anchored to the other end. In this case, the entire length of the guide means is available for displacement of the carrier.

It is preferred if the carriers do not slide completely out of the guide device or out of the sole in the course of the rotational movement. Even with a kinking of the foot they should remain securely in or on their leadership institutions in which they are slidably housed. This is best achieved by a positive connection between the guide device and the carrier, in particular by guide means in the form of undercut grooves on both sides, in which a complementarily trained slider positively engages, which serves as a carrier for spikes. Tongue and groove connections, in particular dovetail connections, are particularly suitable.

Preferably, the carriers can only slide out of the guide means in one direction while being prevented from slipping out in the other direction by a stop.

Against a complete sliding out of the guide device or from the shoe sole, the carrier are preferably secured by a stop. The return of the carrier in the guide device or in the sole can be done by the player pushes back the carrier with the opposite foot. Preferably, however, a return spring is provided, in particular an air spring.

In a shoe in which the wearer can slide out of their guide device to one side, they should be able to be retrieved or pushed back so far that they no longer project beyond the lateral edge of the sole. In their initial position, they preferably terminate flush with the lateral edge of the sole, over which they can be advanced.

The direction in which the wearer slides during a body rotation is preferably different in the region of the heel than in the region of the forefoot. The common center of curvature should be between the heel of the shoe and the forefoot. It is best located where the vaulting of the sole of a healthy foot has its zenith.

The carrier may be made of metal or of a plastic. Preferably, they consist of a plastic with similar properties as the plastic from which the sole of the shoe exists otherwise. The carriers then have a deformability that is adapted to the deformability of the rest of the sole, in particular with regard to their flexibility. This is convenient for comfortable walking without affecting the function of the wearer, especially when the wearer is a slider and the guide means is a groove provided in the sole which receives the slider.

Providing a groove in the sole as the guide means and providing a slider as a support, which is received by the groove and held therein, has the advantage that the invention is integrated into the sole of the sports shoe, thereby applying very little and running as with a conventional sports shoe allows. But it is also possible to provide on the sole or in grooves, grooves or the like recesses of the sole as a guide means circular arc running rails or brackets whose ends are anchored to the sole or preferably in the sole, and on these rails or straps support for To let spikes slide, these carriers can have a circular arc-shaped contour.

If the guide means grooves in which slide the slide, they can be closed at both ends. This has the advantage that the slides are well protected and accommodated particularly resistant to tread. However, the grooves can also be open at one end, so that the slider in question can each slide a little way out of its groove. This has the advantage that the Shoe can rotate under the action of a momentum by a larger angle, as if the grooves were closed at their ends. Depending on the design and arrangement of the slide, the angle can be up to about 30 °, with telescopically extendable slides even more. But even the smaller angles, which are possible with grooves closed on both sides, lead to a considerable relief of the athlete.

In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the carrier for the spikes is removably attached to the sports shoe. This makes it possible to use a sports shoe of choice with or without equipment according to the invention. For example, in this way, it is possible to attach the spiked spine to the golf shoe by repeating many times on the driving range, which places a particular stress on the golfer's ligaments and joints when using a conventional golf shoe can be reduced by the inventive equipment of the golf shoe. For a tournament, however, the equipment according to the invention can be removed from the golf shoe. Since the carrier guided by the guide means moves along a circular arc, its movement takes place about an axis which can be designed as a physical pivot axis for the carrier. Such a physical pivot axis is well suited as a guide device or as part of a guide device for the wearer. At such a physical pivot axis or by means of such a physical pivot axis of the carrier may be attached to the sole of the sports shoe. For example, it is possible to use as a support a plate which is fastened by means of a threaded bolt as an axle at the bottom of the sole. This threaded bolt can be screwed into a threaded bush which is embedded in the sole, in particular in the metatarsal area. Other guide means, for example in the form of an undercut groove or a stirrup, may be arranged on the sole in the area of the toe for receiving and guiding a front edge of a wearer and may be in the region of Heel may be arranged on the sole to receive and guide a rear end of a wearer.

Another possibility is to provide the carrier or supports and the associated guide means on a holder, which in turn is detachably mounted on the sports shoe, in particular on its sole. The holder may for this purpose have one or more clamping devices with which it is clamped to the sports shoe, for example by means of jaws, which can clamp the sole from the side between them. Another way to attach the bracket to the sports shoe is to fasten it to the sports shoe. Another way of attaching the holder is to provide the holder with a receiving device on which you can put on the sports shoe and firmly engage by pressure from above, for example, in the manner of a ski binding, in which one gets in from above, and the Shoe presses down and locks in place.

In a removable carrier, it is advantageous to arrange a return spring so that it surrounds the center around which the carrier is pivotable.

A sports shoe according to the invention can be used not only for golfing, but also in other sports in which to perform swinging movements and intercept, for example, playing baseball, playing tennis, playing lawn hockey and playing football. Football boots have cleats that counteract body rotations of the football player a resistance that has high loads on the knee and ankle in the high body use, the football player perform. Applying the studs to the football boots in accordance with the invention, so that they are arcuately back and forth, then reduce the burden of the joints and it will be cruciate ligament tears, which are a typical consequence of overloads during rotational movements avoided.

In this case, the sports shoe, which is advantageous, be provided with a spring-loaded release mechanism, which has a triggering threshold for the arcuate movement of the studs or other engagement elements.

Figur 1

zeigt einen erfindungsgemäßen Sportschuh mit Blick auf die Sohle,

Figur 2

zeigt den Schnitt A-A durch die Sohle des in Figur 1 dargestellten Schuhs,

Figur 3

zeigt den Schnitt B-B durch die Sohle des in Figur 1 dargestellten Schuhs,

Figur 4

zeigt ein abgewandeltes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Sportschuhs in einer Darstellung entsprechend der Figur 1,

Figur 5

zeigt einen Schnitt entsprechend der Figur 2 durch eine Sohle mit einer Rückholfeder,

Figur 6

zeigt den Horizontalschnitt C-C gemäß Figur 4,

Figur 7

zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Sportschuhs in einer Darstellung entsprechend der Figur 1, und

Figur 8

zeigt ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Sportschuhs in einer Darstellung entsprechend der Figur 7.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1

shows a sports shoe according to the invention with a view of the sole,

FIG. 2

shows the section AA through the sole of the in FIG. 1 illustrated shoe,

FIG. 3

shows the section BB through the sole of the in FIG. 1 illustrated shoe,

FIG. 4

shows a modified embodiment of a sports shoe in a representation corresponding to FIG. 1 .

FIG. 5

shows a section corresponding to the FIG. 2 through a sole with a return spring,

FIG. 6

shows the horizontal section CC according to FIG. 4 .

FIG. 7

shows a further embodiment of a sports shoe in a representation according to the FIG. 1 , and

FIG. 8

shows a further embodiment of a sports shoe in a representation according to the FIG. 7 ,

Identical or corresponding parts are designated in the examples with matching reference numerals.

The in the FIGS. 1 to 3 illustrated sports shoe has a sole 1, which as guide means in the forefoot four arcuate grooves 2 to 5 and in the heel area two further circular arc grooves 6 and 7, which are arranged concentrically to each other, wherein the centers M, M ₅ , M ₆ between the forefoot and lie in the heel area and partially collapse. In each groove 2 to 7 is located as a slide slide 12 to 17, which is slightly shorter than the associated groove. The foremost slider 12 carries a spike 9, all other slides 13 to 17 each carry two spikes 9, which are each arranged in the vicinity of the ends of the slide 13 to 17. To accommodate the spikes 9 threaded sleeves 10 are embedded in the sliders 12 to 17, in which the spikes 9 are screwed with a threaded extension 11.

The slides 12 to 17 are slidable in the grooves 2 to 7, but held captive by, as FIG. 2 shows, are connected to each other in the manner of tongue and groove.

The slide 12 to 17 have in the grooves 2 to 7 a starting position and an end position. The end position is in FIG. 1 shown. In the initial position they can strike at the opposite end of the groove, optionally at a provided before the end of the groove 2 to 7 return spring. The displacement of the slide 12 to 17 between the starting position and end position determines the angle by which the sports shoe can be rotated by the action of a body swing. This displacement can, in an embodiment, as shown in the FIG. 4 is shown to be larger than in the embodiment in FIG. 1 ,

At the in FIG. 4 illustrated embodiment, the grooves 2 to 7 are not closed at both ends, but only at one end. The grooves 2 to 7 are guided to the edge of the sole 1, in the forefoot area up to the lying on the inside of the foot edge, in the heel area to the lying on the outside of the foot edge. Close in their initial position the slider 12 to 15 with the shoe inside edge of the sole 1 flush, while the two located in the heel area slide 16 and 17 in its initial position flush with the outside edge of the paragraph. If a body swing occurs, the sliders 12 to 17 can slide out of the sole 1 to the side. They can be returned to their original position by pushing them back with the other foot. But you can also be retrieved by a return spring 19, for their training in the FIGS. 5 and 6 an example is shown:

In the top of the slider 14, there is an arcuate groove 18 which is closed to the running side of the sole 1, but open to the bottom of the groove 4 and in which as a return spring 19 a coil spring is arranged, which at its two ends to a steel cable 20, 21 is attached. At the end of the slider 14, which can be moved out of the groove 4, a plate 22 is provided, to which one end of the cable 21 is attached. At the opposite end of the groove 4, a plate 23 is anchored, to which one end of the other steel cable 20 is attached. The fact that the return spring 19 does not extend over the full length of the slider 14, it is well protected against contamination. It is cocked when the slider 14 slides out of its groove 4 due to a body swing, and it automatically returns the slider 14 to the groove 4 when the player lifts the shoe.

Concentric to the arcuate groove 18 in addition to this in the slide 16, a further groove 26 which is open at one end and closed at the other end to form a stop 25 which finally strikes when pushing out the slider 16 from the groove 6 against a stop 24, which is formed by a cam which projects from the sole into the groove 6.

In the in FIG. 7 illustrated embodiment, a holder 27 is rotatably mounted on the underside of the sole 1. For this purpose, a threaded bushing is embedded in the sole between the midfoot and the heel, in which a threaded bolt 28 is screwed, which holds with the aid of a washer 29, the holder 27 on the sole 1, so that it is rotatable about the threaded bolt 28. The holder 27 has two extending in the longitudinal direction of the shoe sole 1 arms 27a and 27b, to which cross members 30, 31, 32 and 33 are fixed, which in turn carry spikes 9. The front end of the arm 27 b engages under a bracket 34, whose ends 35 are embedded in the sole 1. Between the sole 1 and the bracket 34, the front end of the holder 27 is guided. In the area of the heel of the cross member 33 dives with its two ends in each case into a recess 36 which is provided in the sole 1 and covered by a fixed to the sole 1 cover plate 37, which in the illustration of FIG. 7 is broken away over one of the recesses 36 and completely removed from the other recess 36 to make visible an underlying return spring 19, which acts on the immersed in the recess 36 end of the cross member 33. It does not matter in which direction the carrier 27 is twisted when a body swing occurs, one of the two return springs 19 is thereby compressed and can return the holder 27 to its original position when the foot is raised.

The shoes shown are particularly suitable as golf shoes. Not both shoes of a golf shoe pair must be designed according to the invention. In a left-handed person, if the right shoe is designed according to the invention, it is sufficient for a right-handed person if the left-hand shoe is designed according to the invention.

This in FIG. 8 7 differs from the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 7 in that the arm 27a of the holder 27 pivotably mounted about a pin 28 transitions into a plate-shaped carrier 38 in the region of the heel and that the arm 27b of the holder 27 merges into a plate-shaped carrier 39, which is located in the area of the middle and forefoot. The rear end of the rear support 38 and the front end of the front support 39 each engage in a guide gap, which consists between the heel of the sports shoe and a bracket 40 fixed to the heel, or in the region of the forefoot between the sole and a bracket 41 fastened to the sole of the sports shoe. The two brackets 40 and 41 may be formed, for example, from sheet metal or plastic. The bracket 40 and 41 may have a pivotal movement of the bracket 27 limiting stop, but do not have such a stop. The z. B. bolt designed as a threaded bolt 28 is surrounded by a strong coil spring 42 which is fixed with its inner end to the bolt 28 or on a bolt receiving, anchored in the sole socket and which is fixed with its outer end to a mounting part 43 , which is located on the holder 27 and z. B. may be directed against the sole pin. The coil spring is arranged so that it holds the bracket in its in FIG. 8 shown center position holds when the coil spring exerts no restoring forces. If the bracket is deflected clockwise or counterclockwise out of its center position, the coil spring 42 generates a restoring force, which seeks to drive back the holder in its center position. The plate-shaped supports 38 and 39 carry engagement elements 9, which may be spikes, when the athletic shoe is to be used as a golf shoe or which are studs when the athletic shoe is a football boot.

Claims (56)

1. Sports shoe having a sole on which downwardly projecting ground-engaging elements (9) are mounted in the region of the forefoot that penetrate more or less deeply into the turf or into the ground, wherein the ground-engaging elements (9), or the means (10) provided for mounting them, are each guided and held to move forward and backward along an arc, especially an arc of a circle, characterized in that the center of curvature (M, M₅, M₆, 28) of each arc is located between the heel or heel portion and the forefoot portion of the sports shoe..
2. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 1, characterized in that the ground-engaging elements (9), or the elements (10) provided for mounting them, can be moved between a starting position and an end position.
3. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterized in that the ground-engaging elements (9), or the means (10) provided for mounting them, are provided on at least one support (12 to 17, 30 to 33) which is guided and held by guide means (2 to 7, 28, 34 to 37) to move along the arc.
4. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 3, characterized in that the support (12 to 17, 30 to 33) can be moved between a starting position and an end position.
5. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 3 or Claim 4, characterized in that the support (12 to 17, 30 to 33) is held undetachably by the guide means (2 to 7, 28, 34 to 37).
6. The sports shoe as defined in any of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the support (12 to 17) is a slide.
7. The sports shoe as defined in any of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that the guide means (2 to 7) is an arc-shaped groove that matches the support (12 to 17).
8. The sports shoe as defined in Claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the slide (12 to 17) is shaped in the form of an arc of a circle.
9. The sports shoe as defined in any of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that two or more than two supports (12 to 17) are provided, which are arranged in substantially concentric form and each of which is held and slidably guided by separate guide means (2 to 7).
10. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 9, characterized in that at least one support (12 to 15) is arranged in the region of the forefoot, and at least one support (16, 17) is arranged in the region of the heel.
11. The sports shoe as defined in any of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that the guide means (2 to 7, 28, 34 to 37) are closed on both ends thereof so that the path of movement of the supports (12 to 17, 30 to 33) is limited.
12. The sports shoe as defined in any of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that the guide means (2 to 7) are open on at least one of their ends so that the respective support (12 to 17) can move a certain length out of its guide means (2 to 7).
13. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 12, characterized by a stop (24, 25) which acts between the support (12 to 17) and its guide means (2 to 7) and against which the support (12 to 17) abuts in order to limit the length by which it can move out of the guide means (2 to 7).
14. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 11 or Claim 13, characterized in that the support (12 to 17) has a starting position in which it ends flush with the edge of the sole (1).
15. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 14, characterized in that the support is a slide (12 to 17) which is adapted to slide in the guide means (2 to 7) and which in its starting position ends flush with and closes the opening of the groove (2 to 7) through which it can be pushed out beyond the edge of the sole (1).
16. The sports shoe as defined in any of claims 3 to 15, characterized in that the support (12 to 17) is shorter than the guide means (2 to 7) in which it is received.
17. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 16, characterized in that the guide means (2 to 7, 28, 34 to 37) coacts with a return spring 19 that is capable of returning the support (12 to 17, 30 to 33) to its starting position.
18. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 17, characterized in that the return spring is arranged in such a way that it embraces the center point of the arc of a circle.
19. The sports shoe as defined in any of claims 13 to 18, characterized in that a positive connection exists between the support (12 to 17, 30 to 33) and its guide means (2 to 7, 28, 34 to 37), by means of which it is retained in or on the guide means (2 to 7, 28, 34 to 37) during displacement along the latter.
20. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 19, characterized in that the guide means (2 to 7) are undercut along their longitudinal edges and that the respective support (12 to 17) engages the undercut.
21. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 20, characterized in that the support (12 to 17) has a stepped design, matching the undercuts of the guide means (2 to 7).
22. The sports shoe as defined in any of claims 19 to 21, characterized in that the support (12 to 17) and the guide means (2 to 7) engage each other in the way of a groove-and-tongue connection.
23. The sports shoe as defined in any of claims 3 to 22, characterized in that the support (12 to 17, 30 to 33) is made from a plastic material.
24. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 23, characterized in that the support (12 to 17, 30 to 33) is made from a plastic material having the same or similar properties as the sole (1) of the sports shoe.
25. The sports shoe as defined in any of claims 3 to 24, characterized in that the support (30 to 33) is mounted on the shoe detachably.
26. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 25, characterized in that the support (30 to 33) is mounted on the sole (1) of the sports shoe at its center of rotation (28) which coincides with the center point of the arc-shaped path of movement of the support (30 to 33).
27. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 25, characterized in that the support (30 to 33) is provided on a holder (27) which is detachably mounted on the sports shoe.
28. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 27, characterized in that the holder comprises one or more clamping means by which it can be clamped onto the sports shoe.
29. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 27, characterized in that the holder can be fastened on the sports shoe by buckles.
30. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 27, characterized in that the holder comprises receiving means on which the sports shoe can be placed and firmly locked by application of pressure from above.
31. Sports shoe as defined in any of Claims 1 to 3 and 6, characterized in that the slide (12 to 17) is undetachably held in a matching arc-shaped groove (2 to 7) to slide between a starting position and an end position.
32. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 31, characterized in that two or more than two supports (12 to 17) are provided, which are arranged in substantially concentric form and each of which is held in a separate groove (2 to 7) in sliding relationship.
33. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 32, characterized in that at least one slide (12 to 15) is arranged in the region of the forefoot, and at least one slide (16, 17) is arranged in the region of the heel.
34. The sports shoe as defined in any of claims 31 to 33, characterized in that the grooves (2 to 7) are closed on both ends thereof.
35. The sports shoe as defined in any of claims 31 to 33, characterized in that the grooves (2 to 7) are open on one of their ends so that the respective slide (12 to 17) can move a certain length out of its groove (2 to 7).
36. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 35, characterized by a stop (24, 25) provided between the respective slide (12 to 17) and its groove (2 to 7), against which the slide (12 to 17) abuts in order to limit the length by which it can move out of the groove (2 to 7).
37. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 35 or Claim 36, characterized in that in its starting position the respective slide (12 to 17) ends flush with and closes the opening of the groove (2 to 7) through which it can be pushed out beyond the edge of the sole (1).
38. The sports shoe as defined in any of claims 31 to 37, characterized in that the respective slide (12 to 17) is shorter than the groove (2 to 7) in which it is received.
39. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 38, characterized in that a return spring (19) is arranged in each groove (2 to 7) which spring is adapted to return the respective slide (12 to 17) to its starting position.
40. The sports shoe as defined in any of claims 31 to 39, characterized in that a positive connection exists between the groove (2 to 7) and the slide (12 to 17), by which it is retained in the groove (2 to 7) during displacement in it.
41. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 40, characterized in that the grooves (2 to 7) are undercut along their longitudinal edges and that the respective slide (12 to 17) engages the undercut.
42. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 41, characterized in that the slide (12 to 17) is stepped to match the undercuts of the groove (2 to 7).
43. The sports shoe as defined in any of claims 40 to 42, characterized in that the slide (12 to 17) and the groove (2 to 7) engage each other in the way of a groove-and-tongue connection.
44. The sports shoe as defined in any of claims 31 to 43, characterized in that the slide (12 to 17) is made from a plastic material.
45. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 44, characterized in that the slide (12 to 17) consists of a plastic material having the same or similar properties as the remaining sole (1) of the sports shoe.
46. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the ground-engaging elements (9), or the means (10) provided for mounting them, coact with a return spring (19).
47. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 46, characterized in that the return spring is arranged in such a way that it embraces the center point of the arc of a circle.
48. The sports shoe as defined in any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the center of curvature (M, M₅, M₆, 28) of the arc is located between the heel or heel portion and the metatarsal portion of the sports shoe.
49. The sports shoe as defined in any of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the center of curvature (M, M₅, M₆, 28) of the arc is located at a point where the arch of the sole of the foot has its zenith.
50. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 3, characterized in that a common support (39), especially a plate, is provided for all engaging elements (9) outside the heel portion.
51. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 3, characterized in that a common support (38), especially a plate, is provided for all engaging elements (9) within the heel portion.
52. The sports shoe as defined in Claims 50 and 51, characterized in that the two supports (38, 39) have a common pivot axis (28).
53. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 52, characterized in that the two supports (38, 39) are arranged on the common pivot axis (28).
54. The sports shoe as defined in Claim 53, characterized in that the two supports (38, 39) form a single unit.
55. The sports shoe as defined in any of the preceding Claims, characterized in that ground-engaging elements (9) are mounted in an exchangeable fashion.
56. Use of a sports shoe as defined in any of the preceding Claims as a golf shoe.

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