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EP1545769A1 - Procede de regeneration de catalyseurs denox charges en fer - Google Patents

Procede de regeneration de catalyseurs denox charges en fer

Info

Publication number
EP1545769A1
EP1545769A1 EP03793801A EP03793801A EP1545769A1 EP 1545769 A1 EP1545769 A1 EP 1545769A1 EP 03793801 A EP03793801 A EP 03793801A EP 03793801 A EP03793801 A EP 03793801A EP 1545769 A1 EP1545769 A1 EP 1545769A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
acid
catalyst
reaction solution
treatment
compounds
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03793801A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Marcel FÖRSTER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sas Sonderabfallservice GmbH
Original Assignee
Sas Sonderabfallservice GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sas Sonderabfallservice GmbH filed Critical Sas Sonderabfallservice GmbH
Publication of EP1545769A1 publication Critical patent/EP1545769A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/96—Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/90—Regeneration or reactivation
    • B01J23/92—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts comprising metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
    • B01J38/48—Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended
    • B01J38/60—Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended using acids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J38/00—Regeneration or reactivation of catalysts, in general
    • B01J38/48—Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended
    • B01J38/60—Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended using acids
    • B01J38/62—Liquid treating or treating in liquid phase, e.g. dissolved or suspended using acids organic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
    • B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
    • B01J21/063—Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • B01J23/20—Vanadium, niobium or tantalum
    • B01J23/22—Vanadium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • B01J23/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the regeneration of iron-loaded Denox catalysts.
  • the denitrification is carried out in parallel, with nitrogen monoxide being reacted with ammonia and atmospheric oxygen to form elemental nitrogen and water, or nitrogen dioxide also reacting with ammonia and atmospheric oxygen to form elemental nitrogen and water.
  • This reaction requires catalysts called denox catalysts.
  • These are catalysts with a glass fiber body or catalysts of various shapes, preferably honeycomb or plate shapes, based on titanium dioxide, which contain the oxides of various transition metals such as vanadium, molybdenum or tungsten as active components.
  • such catalysts leave after hours of operation, for example in the Order of magnitude of 30,000 hours in terms of its effectiveness, which is due on the one hand to the clogging or clogging of the passages in catalysts by fly ash, and on the other hand to the formation of barrier layers by the ammonium sulfate formed in the course of denitrification by residual ammonia and also by poisoning the active centers through elements or compounds contained in the exhaust air such as arsenic, phosphorus or metals.
  • a special problem is the reduction in performance due to the undesired increase in the SO 2 / SO 3 conversion rate in the area of denitrification by iron compounds.
  • coal When using coal as fuel, it must be taken into account that coal has a not inconsiderable amount of mineral components, depending on age and origin can, whereby, based on the total amount of the mineral constituents, the iron content can be in the range of mostly 5 to 7 or 8% by weight.
  • Iron compounds not only settle mechanically on the surfaces of the catalytic converter, but also undergo chemical reactions with the catalytic converter components and thus lead to a reduction in the catalytic converter performance during denitrification.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to develop a process which enables the specific removal of iron from Denox catalysts.
  • catalysts which have to be regenerated have a high dust load, so that mechanical pretreatment for removing fly ash from the catalyst surfaces or passages, for example by using industrial vacuum cleaners or compressed air, has mostly proven to be necessary.
  • a strong barrier layer of salts such as ammonium sulfate
  • treatment with water can also be carried out in order to detach these barrier layers.
  • the barrier layers contain poorly water-soluble salts such as calcium sulfate, the water treatment can be carried out with the additional use of ultrasound.
  • the catalysts are introduced into a reaction solution which is essentially an aqueous solution of an inorganic or organic acid with the addition of one or more antioxidants, this solution possibly including a certain addition of polar organic solvents, for example alcohols, depending on the type of contamination present may contain.
  • Inorganic acids are preferably used as the aqueous acid solution, namely hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid and in particular sulfuric acid, the solutions being diluted such that a pH of between 0.5 and 4.0 results.
  • the pH is about 2, in particular 1.9, which corresponds to an approximately 1/100 molar solution.
  • inorganic acids rather strong organic acids can also be used, which are comparable in the effectiveness of the regeneration, but are generally not used due to their higher price.
  • Acids that can be used are, for example, oxalic acid, citric acid, malonic acid, formic acid, chloroacetic acids or benzenesulfonic acid. Possibly. Mixtures of the acids mentioned can also be used.
  • Antioxidants are added to the aqueous acid in amounts of 0.1 to 5.0, preferably between 0.2 and 2.0% by weight, with substituted phenols including phenol carboxylic acids, hydroquinones, pyrocatechols and / or inorganic or organic, aliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic mercapto compounds, dithiocarbamates, hydroxycarboxylic acids or endiols and / or phosphites or phosphonates, which also include salts, esters, metal complexes or mixtures of such compounds.
  • substituted phenols including phenol carboxylic acids, hydroquinones, pyrocatechols and / or inorganic or organic, aliphatic, araliphatic or aromatic mercapto compounds, dithiocarbamates, hydroxycarboxylic acids or endiols and / or phosphites or phosphonates, which also include salts, esters, metal complexes or mixtures of such compounds.
  • the reaction solutions preferably also contain a certain amount of surfactants, which are anionic, cationic, amphoteric, nonionic or zwitterionic surfactants can act, which improve the wettability of the catalyst surfaces and the penetration of the reaction liquid into the pores of the catalyst.
  • surfactants which are anionic, cationic, amphoteric, nonionic or zwitterionic surfactants can act, which improve the wettability of the catalyst surfaces and the penetration of the reaction liquid into the pores of the catalyst.
  • the addition of surfactants takes place in a concentration of approximately 0.01 to 0.2% by weight.
  • the catalyst module When carrying out the process, the catalyst module is immersed in the reaction solution, possibly after mechanical pre-cleaning, in which it can remain for a period of from 5 minutes to about 24 hours, depending on the degree of contamination and additional treatment.
  • the temperature of the solution which can in principle be between ambient temperature and higher values up to 100 ° C., should be increased, preferably to about 60 ° C.
  • the treatment time can be shortened and the effectiveness of the treatment can be increased by either moving the catalyst module itself or by moving the reaction liquid regularly, the latter being able to be accomplished in a simple manner by agitators or submersible pumps.
  • the catalytic converter is to be moved, this would preferably take place in the longitudinal direction of the channels in the honeycomb catalytic converter or in the longitudinal direction of the plates as a lifting movement, which can be generated, for example, by hanging the module on a crane and moving it accordingly.
  • the effectiveness of the treatment can be increased and the processing time can be shortened by exposing the module to low-frequency vibrations of the reaction liquid or ultrasound, the ultrasound preferably at a frequency in the range from 10,000 to 100,000 Hz or the low-frequency vibration in the range from 20 to 1000 Hz should be used.
  • the treatment with ultrasound leads to a wave-local movement of the liquid on the catalyst surface and to the formation of cavitations, as a result the removal of any remaining barrier layers and the removal of iron compounds from the ceramic are favored.
  • a particularly favorable working variant has been found to be a two-part process in which the catalyst module is subjected to primary treatment with the reaction liquid while the module and / or the surrounding liquid is moving, advantageously with lifting or stirring movements, and the module is then transferred to the ultrasonic tank being immersed in a reaction liquid of the same composition and sonicated.
  • the contaminated reaction liquid in the first tank can then either be used further or cleaned by filtration.
  • the catalyst module is rinsed several times with water and then dried, for example by hot air at 50 to 400 ° C.
  • transition metal oxides acting as activators or active centers are soluble to a certain extent not only in alkalis but also in acids, a further analysis should be carried out at the end of the treatment to determine the content of transition metals. If the discharge of activators has led to a reduction in the content of transition metals during the regeneration, a subsequent impregnation to the desired content can be carried out immediately by adding an appropriate aqueous solution and then drying.
  • the catalyst which has been largely freed from fly ash by a preparation step, is dried in a sulfuric acid solution with a pH of 1.9, which contains 5 g / l ascorbic acid and a surfactant additive of 0.05% by weight, at a temperature of 20 ° C set.
  • the reaction solution is pumped into the container by means of a submersible pump.
  • the catalyst remains in the pool with the reaction solution for 4 hours.
  • the module is then removed from the container, rinsed and dried and, if necessary, impregnated.
  • the mechanically pretreated catalyst is placed in the reaction solution described in Example 1 and the reaction solution is heated to 60 ° C. and pumped around by means of a submersible pump. The module remains in the reaction solution for 25 minutes. Then it is removed and further treated in the manner described.
  • Example 3 The catalyst pretreated in the manner described is placed in a sulfuric acid solution with a pH of 1.9, which contains the stated surfactant additive and 15 g / l ascorbic acid, at a temperature of 60.degree.
  • the catalytic converter is moved by a lifting mechanism in the container.
  • an ultrasound treatment with an energy density of 3 W / l takes place.
  • the catalyst remains in the basin for 20 minutes and is then further treated in the manner described after the end of the treatment.
  • the catalyst module is treated with the reaction solution in accordance with Example 1 and remains in the corresponding basin for 12 hours. After this time has elapsed, the catalyst is removed and placed in a further tank in a sulfuric acid solution with a pH of 1.9, which contains 15 g / l ascorbic acid, at a temperature of 60 ° C. and moved by a lifting mechanism in the container. At the same time, an ultrasound treatment with an energy density of 3 W / l takes place. The further treatment is ended after 20 minutes and the module is removed and rinsed and further treated in the usual way.
  • the mechanically pretreated catalyst is set in a dry state in a sulfuric acid solution with a pH of 2.0, which contains 10 g / l ascorbic acid and surfactants, at a temperature of 60 ° C, the solution being pumped around in the tank by means of a submersible pump and the Catalyst is moved by a lifting mechanism. At the same time, ultrasound radiation with an energy density of 3 W / l. After 30 minutes, the module is removed from the pool, rinsed with water and further treated as described.
  • the catalyst which has been pretreated mechanically and for the removal of alkali oxides, arsenic and phosphorus and then dried in a manner known per se, is placed in a sulfur solution with a pH of 1.9, which contains 10 g / l of ascorbic acid and 0.02% by weight of nonionic surfactants, set at a temperature of 22 ° C and remains in the agitated reaction solution for 4 hours.
  • the catalyst is then removed and rinsed and further treated in the manner described.
  • the catalyst module is treated as described in Example 1, the dilute sulfuric acid having an addition of 7 g / l of hydroquinone instead of ascorbic acid.
  • the catalyst module is treated as described in Example 1, with 5 g / l gallic acid being added to the dilute sulfuric acid.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de régénération de catalyseur DeNOx présentant un taux de conversion SOs/S03 élevé résultant de l'accumulation de composés de fer. Ce composé se caractérise en ce que le catalyseur est traité avec une solution acide sensiblement aqueuse, de préférence présentant un pH de 0,5 à 4,0, et avec addition d'antioxydantx.
EP03793801A 2002-09-05 2003-09-04 Procede de regeneration de catalyseurs denox charges en fer Withdrawn EP1545769A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10241004A DE10241004A1 (de) 2002-09-05 2002-09-05 Verfahren zur Regeneration von eisenbelasteten Denox-Katalysatoren
DE10241004 2002-09-05
PCT/EP2003/009794 WO2004022226A1 (fr) 2002-09-05 2003-09-04 Procede de regeneration de catalyseurs denox charges en fer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1545769A1 true EP1545769A1 (fr) 2005-06-29

Family

ID=31502383

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03793801A Withdrawn EP1545769A1 (fr) 2002-09-05 2003-09-04 Procede de regeneration de catalyseurs denox charges en fer

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US7569506B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1545769A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2006505386A (fr)
KR (1) KR100974688B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003260490A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA2496861C (fr)
DE (1) DE10241004A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004022226A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2003260490A1 (en) 2004-03-29
US20060148639A1 (en) 2006-07-06
US7569506B2 (en) 2009-08-04
KR100974688B1 (ko) 2010-08-06
KR20050067143A (ko) 2005-06-30
DE10241004A1 (de) 2004-03-11
WO2004022226A1 (fr) 2004-03-18
US20090291823A1 (en) 2009-11-26
CA2496861C (fr) 2011-07-19
US7858549B2 (en) 2010-12-28
JP2006505386A (ja) 2006-02-16
CA2496861A1 (fr) 2004-03-18

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