EP1520946A2 - Cladding consisting of covering panels - Google Patents

Abstract

A laminar floor covering block (2) has a main chipboard core under a decor surface (8) and rests on a base panel (1) that allows for minor lateral adjustment. The covering blocks (2) are separated by a narrow seam over an interface void. Prior to fitting the void is pre-filled by a silicone filling agent that hardens in situ. During fitting, the void volume reduces by the action of a sliding wedge (9).

Description

The invention relates to a covering, which consists of lining plates, optionally to Positioning elements, which are arranged on the floor, on the wall and on the ceiling, positioned become.

Since coverings, in particular floor coverings from individual cover plates, which in turn are composed can be formed, are very popular, there is a desire to make such flooring as quickly and inexpensively, but mechanically stable and visually satisfactory to be able to lay. To a similar extent, this also applies to wall decorations, Tiled stoves and the like more.

To achieve these goals, it is known, strip-shaped, star-shaped or punctiform To use adjustment elements glued to the floor, to the wall or to the ceiling, welded, tacked, fastened in another suitable way or even just hung up be and have the positioning and support elements on which the individual plates then put in or put, the mechanical connection to different Way, from elastic snapping to the use of magnets until permanent sticking can be done. The advantage of these mounting systems lies in that, especially in lattice-shaped adjusting elements, only the grid suitably designed and optionally attached and then the actual Assembly process of the plates can be done by semi-skilled assistants. After laying the individual plates, the joints are usually with permanently elastic material, for example Silicone, filled in and the coating is finished and loadable. Further state of the Technology is known from the following publications:

DE 101 58 215 A1 provides as a seal in the region of joints between two lining plates a mushroom-shaped in cross-section rubber seal, which in corresponding grooves a support frame for the tiles can be inserted. Otherwise disclosed This document the mating of individual elements of a support frame by tongue and groove and especially by a temporary, elastic deformation snapping tongue and groove construction.

DE 44 03 383 A discloses an arrangement for limiting floor or wall surfaces, the essentially a massive execution of a so-called Schlüter rail equivalent. It will be adjacent rail sections in the manner of a tongue and groove Connection inserted into each other, the resulting, but very narrow joint area between the two upper sections of the adjacent rails, as on column 2, Lines 40 to 50 is executed, not sealed with sealant to a allow horizontal mobility between adjacent panels.

DE 100 62 812 A proposes for quicker and more reliable attachment of an elastic Seal in front of decking plates, each of the decking plates along its edge to provide a profile without running, like the narrow gap between the frame and the covering plate should be closed, sealed or sealed and between the now fugue formed by the frame depress a rubber-elastic seal whose profile with a special edge profile of the frame corresponds.

WO 2002/031290 A treats the application of joint seals rather encyclopaedically and states on page 12 in the last full paragraph, that this seal passes through final introduction of silicone rubber would be produced (according to the usual Silicone caterpillars, as used by installers, carpenters etc. for many years used) or to use a separate tape as a seal when laying the lining plates is compressed accordingly to develop its sealing effect. It is also stated that it is possible to fix such a sealing tape with a in the in This document described flooring used between the tiles To firmly attach decorative strip to be joined so as sealing and decorative strip in one operation deploy. Finally, it is also pointed out that all others applicable from the sealing area for floors and wall coverings known measures would.

WO 2003/040491 A, claiming the priority of the above discussed DE 101 58 215 A, also proposes in embodiments of the floor coverings disclosed therein Seals of rubber-elastic material with other cross-sections than in DE-A revealed.

For the sake of simplicity, the description of the invention will be concentrated below Soils, without thereby the applications of existing pavement plates Restrict floor coverings alone. Rather lay structure, shape and designs the coverings whose use also on walls, ceilings, tiled stoves, projections, leaning Plains and the like close.

The above-described covering constructions have proven generally satisfactory, However, it has been shown that the proper introduction of the permanently elastic joint material represents a certain weak point, since in the time between laying the first and the last plate, whereupon the grouting takes place, various foreign bodies and impurities enter the fugue, since the grouting itself skill and May require and there even at optically perfect Verfügung the danger is that after a short time when applying too little joint material the Tightness of the joint is no longer guaranteed.

This is especially true when laying such floors, walls and ceilings in wet rooms detrimental, because through these leaking joints moisture in the area between the Paving slabs and the actual floor, the wall or ceiling can penetrate and Both for the integrity of the fabric as well as for the hygiene highly disadvantageous Has effects. There is therefore an urgent need for a safe simple and inexpensive Sealing the joints of said coverings.

According to the invention, these goals are achieved in that in the joint area of the floor covering Recesses, pockets, depressions or the like. (a reservoir) are provided, the preferred immediately prior to laying the tiles in the field of considered Fugue be filled with preferably permanently elastic sealing material, and that during assembly the lining plates the sealing material by deformation of the recesses, depressions, Bags or the like. or by penetration of protrusions in these areas (Reducing the reservoir) is pressed into the joint, where it hardens.

In this way it is possible, when laying each individual covering plate or one small number of tiles, the amount of applied filler to simple Way to check and, by the displacement inevitably occurring during laying the grout to bring this evenly into the joint. There, especially when using strip-shaped or lattice-shaped positioning and support elements, the joint material can be introduced into channel-like recesses of these support elements increases when applying the plates from bottom to top in the joints, thus preventing the Formation of bubbles or cavities. In addition, there is the grout material in this case, not only in the joint area itself, but also around the lower edge of the joint Cover plate around, which achieves a particularly reliable and durable seal becomes.

When using cruciform or punctiform adjustment elements, the joint material in pockets which are formed by elastically deformable tongues which correspond to the individual Plating plates are mounted, are introduced, these tongues are formed are that they are compressed when laying the lining plate and so that Press joint material into the area of the joint.

die Fig. 1 eine Bodenbelag, bestehend aus Trag- und Justierelementen und Belagsplatten, im Schnitt normal zur Fuge,

die Fig. 2 eine Belagsplatte mit einer Zunge im Schnitt normal zur Fuge,

die Fig. 3 eine verlegte Belagsplatte mit einer Zunge im Schnitt normal zur Fuge und

die Fig. 4 eine Variante.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. It shows

1 a floor covering consisting of supporting and adjusting elements and covering plates, in section normal to the joint,

2 shows a covering plate with a tongue in section normal to the joint,

Fig. 3 shows a laid covering plate with a tongue in section normal to the joint and

Fig. 4 shows a variant.

Fig. 1 shows a floor covering with covering plates 2, in strip-shaped or latticed Support and adjustment elements 1 are laid. The term "strip-shaped or lattice-shaped "refers to the floor plan of the support elements 1, the preferred Plastic exist. The support elements 1 have in the joint area at least two, in Lengthwise of the joint 5 of the floor covering extending, strip-shaped elevations 3, which define a gutter-shaped depression 4 between them. In the middle of this groove, thus directly in the region of the joint 5, a further, strip-shaped central elevation 6 is arranged, also, unlike in Fig. 1, the same height or, in a suitable design the lower edge of the covering plate, also higher than the elevations 3 may be. By this central survey 6, the channel 4 in its bottom area in two areas divided. The central elevation 6 serves to provide two separate areas for the grout create and the flow of the grout when pressing the lining plate 2 in the direction to keep small adjacent covering plate.

If the edge of the covering plate forms a wall termination, the supporting and adjusting element 1 separated along the middle of the central elevation 6, so that the remaining Half of the central survey 6 for the above purpose at the wall conclusion stands.

The lining plates 2 consist, as is known, of support plates 7 and decorative panels. 8 The support plate 7 does not have to be formed flat as a real plate, it can also the shape have a grid or network, it has become the name support plate for all these Enforced elements. The decorative panels 8 can also be made of individual parts, thus lumpy, be constructed, but this, as not contributing to the invention, not closer explained. Of course, the lining plates can also be integrally formed.

The support plates 7 are in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1 in the area in which they cooperate sealingly with the elevations 3, completely interrupted. The Material of the support plates forms distance to the support plate 7 having, elongated projections 9 in the edge area of the covering plate. Of course, it is possible, the support plates. 7 thicker, so that the projections 9 with the actual support plates 7 in one piece related. This depends on the intended use, the desired strength the support plates 7 and the selected manufacturing process.

As shown in Fig. 1, the projections 9 are beveled to the joint 5, so lose to the fugue to strength. This design supports the displacement of the before laying the covering plate in the groove 4 introduced joint material to the joint 5 out.

In the course of laying the support element 1 is laid suitably on the ground and, where appropriate attached, for example by gluing. The support elements 1 can either in the piece, preferably in the form of strips, or else in one piece, with cross and transversely extending support elements, produced in the form of a latticework, transported and be laid on the ground. The regularly laid strips or the am Ground or rolled lattice work, provide or provide a dimensionally stable and adjustment instrument available. In this framework, the individual covering plates need 2 only inserted and possibly fixed. The fixation is done either by positive snap elements, which are known in the art and Therefore, in the present embodiment, not further explained or illustrated, it can also be done by gluing, by magnetic forces or even the connection by placing the lining plates in the supporting frame, wherein the weight of the lining plates 2 causes their fixation.

In order to come to dense joints 5, according to the invention a joint filler, for example a permanently elastic material such as silicone or the like., After laying the individual support elements 1 and the grid-shaped support frame in the trough 4 between the surveys 3 introduced in the area in which in immediate consequence one or more covering plates 2 are laid. By impressing the tiles 2 is by the projections 9, the not yet cured joint material from the gutter 4, wherein, in a first step, during the introduction of the first lining plate, in the area of the still empty half of the joint collects and when pressing the opposite Base plate rises from below into the gap 5 and thus filled bubble-free.

Due to the relatively high viscosity of conventional joint fillers there is no risk that These spread along the groove 4 and run, so it is not necessary, the entire preassembled latticework, be it from single strips or one-piece Grille constructed to fill with joint filler. To facilitate the processing, in regular intervals "bulkheads" be provided transversely to the direction of the joint 5, the either canceled in the course of occupancy or be poured with.

FIGS. 2 and 3 show variants of a covering plate 2 'which are particularly suitable for use on walls, but also with discrete support elements, as known from the prior art are known, are suitable. This small-scale support elements on the ground attached, which for each at a corner colliding plates (usually four at rectangular covering plates 2 ') adjusting elements, usually projections, have. These Adjusting elements interact with matching counter-elements on the lining plate 2 'together and allow a quick and accurate installation. The covering plates 2 'can of course be laid directly on the ground, without being dependent on support elements.

Independently of these fastening elements, as can be seen from FIG. 2, Each covering plate 2 'has a peripheral, circumferentially and elastically deformable edge Tongue 10 with a lip 12, which in the illustrated embodiment with the bottom the lining plate 2 'forms a gap 5 open towards the pocket 11. The representation shows the top plate with empty pocket 11 and without any contact in the bottom area. The Bag 11 is filled immediately before laying the lining plate 2 'with grout and then laid on the support elements. When filling the bag 11, the lip 12 something bulge out, but this deformation is only small and obstructs the Do not lay a base plate next to an already installed base plate. When laying, in the illustrated embodiment, the support plate at least in the edge region Keeps distance from the ground, the tongue 10 in particular with its thickening 13th pressed to the top plate 2 'and the grout from the shrinking bag 11 pressed into the joint 5.

The tongue 10 may have a simple profile and on the underside of the lining plate 2 'be mounted. It is of course possible, the support plate 7 thinner in this area form as in the rest of the area and so the covering plate 2 'flat on the ground to hang up, as shown in Fig. 3. It is of course possible, others Finally, it is also possible to use profiles for the tongue 10 and joint material factory to fill in the pocket 11 and by means of a masking tape before curing to protect. The attachment of the tongue 10 to the covering plate 2 'can be achieved by sticking, by an adhesive tape, by one-piece training and the like. be done more.

Before the laying of the covering plate 2 ', a flowing of the joint material out of the pocket 11, the tongues 10 are preferably provided with the thin lip 12, which, as shown in Fig. 2, preferably in the direction of the lining plate 2 'can show. Due to its elasticity, the lip 12 bends during installation due to the weight the lining plate or the contact pressure to the outside, in the direction of the joint 5 and the adjacent Covering plate, whereby the grout material can pass out of the pocket 11. By the subsequent laying of the adjacent lining plate reach the lips 12 of the two adjacent lining plates in contact and are pressed together. The pressed together Lips prevent or reduce the penetration of the joint material or the adhesive in the space below the joint 5 between the tiles 2 and ensure in that the joint material is predominantly pressed into the joint 5 and fills them evenly.

On the underside of the tongue 10, a molding or thickening 13 is preferably provided, when laying the first with the support and adjusting elements 1 in touch comes and the tongue 10 in the direction lining plate 2 'presses. This embodiment is particular then advantageous if the support plate 7 thinner in the region of the tongue 10 is or not enough to the edge and the tongue 10 is introduced in the edge formed thereby is. Such a trained covering plate 2 'in a laid state is shown in Fig. 3. The deformation of the lip 12 is deliberately exaggerated to their Functionality, the interaction with the lip of the adjacent lining plate, with the she has to get in touch, to make it clear. On the representation of the grout was omitted because of the better clarity.

4 shows a variant in which outside the elevations 3, which form the channel 4, in each case a further channel 14 is provided in the support element 1, but no middle elevation (Reference numeral 6 in Fig. 1). The surveys 3 and / or contrary to these surveys Areas of the lining plate 2 have transverse grooves 15, at least in essentially normal to the joint 5. The faces 5 of the facing plates facing the joint 2 have longitudinal grooves 16. These longitudinal grooves preferably run normal to Level of the facing plates 2 and serve with the transverse grooves of the uniform and ascending Distribution of (not shown) sealant originally in the grooves 4, 14th of the support element 1 is introduced and when placing the cover plate 2, the joint. 5 filled. The height, length and width ratios of the elevations or grooves can be different than in the purely schematic Fig. 4 be formed.

The invention is not limited to the illustrated and described embodiments, but can be modified variously. So the tongue 10 can be different be designed as shown, the bar 1 does not have to have the profile shown and may have other proportions or additional elements. The tongue 10 or their Thickening 13 can either come into direct contact with the ground, or with a correspondingly formed region of an element 1, the thickening 13 can be formed strip-shaped or punctiform at regular intervals u.dergl. more.

It is essential that the joint filler in the area of the upcoming joint, either on the Cover plate or an associated adjustment, applied in or on a reservoir and pressed in the course of assembly of the lining plates from the reservoir into the joint becomes. Whether the components involved are rigid and like a piston-cylinder unit interact or whether the walls of the reservoir are at least partially flexible are and the joint filler pressed by appropriate deformation of the reservoir from this is not important for the achievement of the goal of the invention.

In short, the invention provides in a first variant a covering for floors, walls, Ceilings and the like surface, consisting of attached to the ground or launched Supporting and adjusting elements 1 and from there applied covering plates 2, the optionally consist of support plate 7 and decorative plate 8, wherein adjacent top plates 2 joints 5 form between them, characterized in that parts of the lining in Area of the joint 5 have a reservoir for the joint filler whose volume in the Applying the lining plates is reduced, that the reservoir at least one recess 4 in the supporting and adjusting elements 1 and that the lining plates 2 at least one have projecting into the recess projection 9.

In a second variant, the invention provides a covering for floors, walls, ceilings and The same substrate, consisting of supporting or attached to the ground. and adjusting elements 1 and from there applied covering plates 2, if necessary consist of support plate 7 and decorative plate 8, wherein adjacent cover plates 2 joints. 5 form between themselves, characterized in that parts of the lining in the region of the joint 5 have a reservoir for the joint filler whose volume during application of the lining plates is reduced, and that the reservoir is provided on the lining plate 2 ', deformable pocket 11 is.

Claims (17)

Covering for floors, walls, ceilings and the like subsurface consisting of supporting and adjusting elements (1) fastened or laid on the substrate and covering plates (2) applied thereon, optionally comprising support plate (7) and decorative plate (8), adjacent ones being Cover plates (2) joints (5) form between them, characterized in that parts of the lining in the region of the joint (5) have a reservoir for the joint filler whose volume is reduced when applying the lining plates. Covering according to claim 1, characterized in that the reservoir is at least one recess (4) in the supporting and adjusting elements (1) and in that the covering plates (2) have at least one protrusion (9) projecting into the recess. Covering according to claim 2, characterized in that the recess (4) is channel-shaped and formed by two strip-shaped, in the longitudinal direction of the joint (5) extending elevations (3). Covering according to claim 3, characterized in that in the longitudinal direction of the joint (5) extending central elevation (6) in the trough-shaped depression (4) is arranged. Covering according to claim 4, characterized in that the central elevation (6) is lower than the elevations (3). Covering according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the supporting and adjusting elements (1) are integrally formed as a grid network. Covering according to claim 1, characterized in that the projection (9) with the support plate (7) is integrally formed. Covering according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the projection (9) is bevelled towards the joint (5). Covering according to one of claims 3, characterized in that the projection (9) of the covering plate (2) has the same height as the elevation (3) or slightly lower. Covering according to Claim 1, characterized in that the reservoir is a deformable pocket (11) provided on the covering plate (2 '). Covering according to claim 10, characterized in that the pocket (11) is open towards the joint (5). Covering according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the pocket (11) by a on the underside of the lining plate (2 ') encircling, deformable tongue (10) is formed. Covering according to claim 12, characterized in that along the edge of the tongue (10) an opening of the pocket (11) defining lip (12) is formed. Covering according to claim 12, characterized in that in the laid state the lips (12) of adjacent covering plates (2 ') are in contact with each other. Covering according to claim 3, characterized in that the elevations (3) and / or these elevations (3) opposing areas of the covering plate (2) grooves (15) which extend at least substantially normal to the joint (5). Covering according to Claim 3, characterized in that the end faces of the covering plates (2) facing the joint (5) have grooves (16) which preferably extend normal to the plane of the covering plates (2). Covering plate for constructing a covering according to one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that the pocket (11) is filled with grout material and closed with a cover strip.

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