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EP1464711A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour le durcissement de pièces annulaires - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour le durcissement de pièces annulaires Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1464711A1
EP1464711A1 EP04005518A EP04005518A EP1464711A1 EP 1464711 A1 EP1464711 A1 EP 1464711A1 EP 04005518 A EP04005518 A EP 04005518A EP 04005518 A EP04005518 A EP 04005518A EP 1464711 A1 EP1464711 A1 EP 1464711A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpieces
mandrel
cold gas
quenching
quenching chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04005518A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1464711B1 (fr
Inventor
Karl Heess
Karlheinz Schweikert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heess & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Heess & Co KG GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heess & Co KG GmbH filed Critical Heess & Co KG GmbH
Publication of EP1464711A1 publication Critical patent/EP1464711A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1464711B1 publication Critical patent/EP1464711B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
    • C21D1/613—Gases; Liquefied or solidified normally gaseous material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/32—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for gear wheels, worm wheels, or the like
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
    • C21D9/0025—Supports; Baskets; Containers; Covers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for quenching ring-shaped, metallic workpieces, for example of sliding sleeves for Vehicle transmissions.
  • EP-A-45 881 is a device for hardening internally toothed Known gears in which a pre-centering dome with an externally toothed Härtedom inserted into the interior of the gear to be hardened, the hardening medium applied to the surface of the gear and then the pre-centering mandrel with hardness is removed from the gear by a press.
  • German utility model DE-U-296 08 569 explains a hardening device for ring-shaped workpieces placed in a carrier plate Magazines are stacked on top of each other.
  • the carrier plate with the magazines are firmly mounted in an oil bath Dome lowered into the openings of the stacked during lowering Penetrate workpieces.
  • a squeezing device is also provided, which After hardening, press the mandrel out of the workpieces in the hardening oil bath.
  • a chamber For cold gas quenching of relatively small workpieces, such as those used as sliding sleeves a chamber is required, the size of which is much smaller in itself can be as such in which waves can be quenched.
  • the dome squeezing device requires a considerable chamber size and special measures on the squeezing device, which corresponding effort means and is therefore disadvantageous.
  • Quenching chambers are known in which hot gear wheels brought up from a carburizing furnace are freely deposited and cold gas can be exposed to high pressure. A significant proportion of Components quenched in this way shows a distortion that is a predetermined Tolerance exceeds.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, the hardening of the beginning to improve the workpieces mentioned by cold gas quenching.
  • the invention provides a method according to claim 1 and a Device according to claim 7 before.
  • the invention has the advantage that ring-shaped workpieces with high precision due to the fact that compared to oil hardened cold gas quenching which is more environmentally friendly and easier to use can be, with a post-treatment in the form of a compensation unwanted distortion of the workpieces can be eliminated.
  • the Cold gas chamber to be only as large as the size of the or Workpieces is specified because the extensive mandrel pressing and the Preparation of the pressed mandrels for the reception of hot workpieces be carried out outside the cold gas chamber, the mandrel squeezing device unaffected by damaging influences of the cold gas pressure remains.
  • the number of workpieces that can be quenched per unit of time is determined by the Invention does not affect the mandrel squeezing and preparation of new mandrels takes less time than is required to quench the workpieces.
  • the hardening device essentially has a quenching chamber 20 with a upper loading door 22 and an opposite lower removal door 24, a plurality of domes 30 standing on a carrier plate 35 and an ejection device 40, 45, the latter outside the quench chamber 20 next to the Removal door 24 is arranged.
  • the removal door 24 can also be located on the same side of the quench chamber 20 as that Loading door 22, but below it in the example shown. Further comes into consideration, the removal door 24 at the same height as the loading door 22 and compared to the same at the quench chamber 20 from below to provide explanatory reasons.
  • a first transfer unit is not shown, which each place a set of several workpieces 10 in the quenching chamber 20 introduces through the loading door 22.
  • the first and the second Transfer units can each have a manipulator with the required degrees of freedom for the respective manipulator arm.
  • a group of nine similar workpieces 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18 are in a different location, not shown here, concentrically one above the other in one Basket 60 ( Figure 6) stacked, the bottom flange 62 of which is circular in plan view the concentric, similar top chord 64 over four vertical, circumferential directions narrow posts 61, 63, 65, 67 is firmly connected.
  • the vertical Inner edges 66, 68, 69, 70 of the posts 61, 63, 65, 67 affect an imaginary one horizontal circle, the radius of which is only slightly larger than the largest outer radius of each workpiece 10.
  • 71 and 75 On each post in the vicinity of the lower flange 62 formed a radially inwardly projecting nose that for the posts 61 and 65th are denoted by 71 and 75. Therefore, the cold workpieces 10 from the Side of the upper belt 64 are introduced into the basket 60 so that they according Figure 1 are concentric and horizontal and spaced one above the other and to be held by the noses.
  • a grate 50 is used for the joint transfer of several baskets 72, 73, 74 ( Figure 6), which in a framework eight similar recordings 52 for each has a basket. It is understood that each basket 60 is near the bottom End of each post 61, 63, 65, 67 pointing radially outward, not shown Has protrusions, the vertical insertion of the baskets 60 in one of the receptacles 52 allow such that the baskets 60 flush with the bottom of the bottom Rust 50 ends, as shown in Figures 1 and 2.
  • Each of the three cylindrical domes 31, 32, 33 shown sits with its lower one End in a through hole 36, 37, 38 of the support plate 35 and rests according to Figure 1 on a bolt 39, which is not shown under the support plate 35 is slidably mounted between two positions.
  • the closed position in which the through holes 36, 37, 38 of the bolt 39 at least 1 and 3 and the open position, in FIG. 2 shows which latch 39 releases through holes 36, 37, 38.
  • the one protruding from the through bores 36, 37, 38 immediately upwards Section of each dome 31, 32, 33 is narrow of four in the circumferential direction equally spaced, equally high and upright trestles surrounded, which are designated for the mandrel 31 with 81, 82.
  • the trestles rise from a flat ring flange surrounding the associated mandrel, which is screwed onto the top of the carrier plate 35.
  • the ejection device 40, 45 shown schematically in FIG. 2 is located outside the quench chamber 20 next to the removal door 24 and has one upper part 40 and a lower part 45, which are spaced vertically in such a way that carrier plate 35 with bars 39, domes 30 and baskets 60 place between them can find.
  • the upper part 40 has three drives, not shown, vertically movable upper punch 41, 42, 43 and the lower part 45 includes correspondingly aligned with the upper punches 41, 42, 43 and not Drives shown vertically movable lower punch 46, 47, 48.
  • Carrier plate 35 aligns an upper punch and a lower punch with each mandrel Stamp and the associated through opening in the carrier plate 35.
  • the three are in the Figures side by side spines and associated through holes and stamp not in the same plane, rather the middle thorn lies with related components behind the paper plane.
  • the method for hardening or quenching the workpieces 10 with the one described Hardening is carried out as follows.
  • the hardening device is For example, assigned a carburizing furnace, which is a rotary hearth furnace or can generally be a heat treatment furnace. There may be rust in the oven 50 with a number of baskets loaded with workpieces 10.
  • the first transfer unit pulls the grate 50 out of the Carburizing furnace and sets it through the open feed door 22 in the Quenching chamber 20 holding arms of the first transfer unit are controlled so that the grate 50 is guided over the mandrels 31, 32, 33 and placed on the carrier plate 35, for example, the mandrel 31 is centered in the stack accommodated by the basket 72 of workpieces 10 .. 18 penetrates.
  • the carrier plate In the quenching chamber 20, the carrier plate with a Be coupled lifting device, which lifts the carrier plate so far that the Insert the mandrels into the baskets 60 on the grid 50 from below until the carrier plate 35 frames the grate 50 from below.
  • the removal door 24 is then opposite at the top the loading door 22 on the quench chamber 20.
  • the loading door 24 instead of on one side of the Quench chamber 20 is formed on its top 25.
  • the crane can remove the grate from the transfer unit and move it through the open one Lower the loading door into the interior of the quenching chamber until the Grate 50 is seated on the carrier plate 35.
  • the position of the mandrels 30 on the carrier plate 35 corresponds exactly to the position of the Recordings 52 of the grate 50 so that when lowering or lowering the grate 50 or raising the carrier plate 35 by the lifting device of each mandrel 30 aligned with exactly one basket 60. Because the outside diameter of the mandrels 30 is somewhat is smaller than the smallest inside diameter of the hot workpieces 10, specifically by an amount that was expected during the quenching of the workpieces 10 corresponds to radial shrinkage of the workpieces, all hot workpieces one basket each over the associated mandrel until the bottom Workpiece of each basket rests on the support blocks 81, 82.
  • the trestles 81, 82 are axially higher than the lugs 71, 75 around the bottom workpiece 10 to raise the area of the lower flange 62. Are the lugs 71, 75 corresponding Formed high on the post 61, the support blocks can be omitted without replacement.
  • the loading door 22 and the removal door 24 are closed and in the quench chamber 20 becomes an inert gas such as nitrogen high pressure of about 20 bar initiated.
  • the heated gas from the quenching chamber the heat carried by the gas is transferred via a heat exchanger withdrawn, after which the gas is returned to the quenching chamber.
  • the hot workpieces are quenched in this way and shrink onto the Thorn 30 on. Due to this shrinking, the dimensional accuracy of the cold Workpieces 10 ensured.
  • the removal door 24 is opened and the Carrier plate 35 with latch 39 and the domes and baskets with workpieces from the second transfer unit from the quenching chamber 20 laterally and in the position shown in Figure 2 between the upper part 40 and the brought lower part 45 of the ejector.
  • the latch 39 is in his 2 moved relative to the support plate 35, the Mandrels 31, 32, 33 through the shrunk-on workpieces in the left in Figure 2 shown unchanged position are held.
  • the drives for the upper punches 41, 42, 43 and the drives for the lower punches 46, 47, 48 accordingly, that is activated in opposite directions, so that the upper stamp Can eject domes from the workpieces downwards, as in Figure 2 on the right Hand is indicated.
  • everyone has the upper and lower stamps a smaller outside diameter than the mandrels.
  • the domes 31, 32, 33 are by hollow domes 131, 132, 133 and the carrier plate 35 which is closed except for the through bores 36, 37, 38 is replaced by a grate carrier 135.
  • the mandrel 131 has a central axial inner channel 134, which not only how shown, is open at the top but can also be open at the bottom.
  • the cold compressed gas therefore flows through the mandrel 131 inside and not only ensures its cooling, but also indirectly for quenching the workpieces on their inner edge, So, for example, on the internal toothing 2, if there is one. Quenching the workpieces on their inner edges becomes even more effective if the jacket 136 of the mandrel 131 with several, with the inner channel 134 communicating radial bores, two of which are provided with 137, 138 are designated.
  • the inner channel 134 below is closed or at least narrowed, cold compressed gas flows through the Radial bores 137, 138, which act as nozzles, directly against the inner edge of the workpieces.
  • the radial bores are circumferential over the jacket 136 equally distributed and vertically spaced in several rows. each Row of radial holes is designed so that the associated radial holes aim approximately at the center of the respective workpiece.
  • the grate carrier 135 has in addition to the through opening 139 for receiving the lower end of the cathedral 131 several openings 141, 142, 143, their number and shape of the design of the grate 50 is the same. This will make a better one Vertical flow of the cold gas on the baskets and the outside of the Workpieces reached. Not shown is a grate bar, which the function of Riegel's 39 takes over and like the latter between an open position and one Closed position is slidable below the grate support.
  • the rust bar has several openings, their arrangement and shape of the openings 141, 142, 143 of the grate carrier 135 are the same and in their closed position they are the same aligned.
  • the invention is not based on the numbers mentioned above one another in each Basket stacked workpieces, on the number of baskets provided, on the explained design and number of receptacles 52 in the grate 50 limited.
  • the invention is also applicable to the quenching of a single one Workpiece that is held in a basket and is placed over a mandrel.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
EP04005518A 2003-03-28 2004-03-09 Procédé et dispositif pour le durcissement de pièces annulaires Expired - Lifetime EP1464711B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10314040 2003-03-28
DE10314040A DE10314040B3 (de) 2003-03-28 2003-03-28 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Härten ringförmiger Werkstücke

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1464711A1 true EP1464711A1 (fr) 2004-10-06
EP1464711B1 EP1464711B1 (fr) 2006-06-21

Family

ID=32842173

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04005518A Expired - Lifetime EP1464711B1 (fr) 2003-03-28 2004-03-09 Procédé et dispositif pour le durcissement de pièces annulaires

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1464711B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE331047T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10314040B3 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012016603B3 (de) * 2012-08-23 2013-12-24 Heess Gmbh & Co. Kg Fixtur zum Härten eines einzelnen ringförmigen Werkstücks
CN103695629A (zh) * 2013-12-27 2014-04-02 段仲达 一种利用了圆形转动盘和三条轴向凹槽的工件热处理方法
WO2019096523A1 (fr) * 2017-11-17 2019-05-23 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Support destiné à recevoir plusieurs roues dentées d'une éolienne
CN110512059A (zh) * 2019-10-08 2019-11-29 王世民 一种方便固定齿轮轴淬火的工装

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022204920A1 (de) 2022-05-18 2023-11-23 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abschreckhärten von Bauteilen mit Durchgangsöffnung

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0045881A1 (fr) * 1980-08-13 1982-02-17 Karl David Heinrich Heess Appareil pour tremper des roues dentées
DE3307041A1 (de) * 1982-11-26 1984-05-30 Jenny Pressen AG, 8500 Frauenfeld Verfahren und vorrichtung zum serienmaessigen, verzugsarmen haerten von werkstuecken sowie anwendung des verfahrens
DE3906217C1 (en) * 1989-02-28 1989-11-23 Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, 7000 Stuttgart, De Rod- or ring-shaped workpiece-adapted receiving device for rotationally symmetrical workpieces
DE29608569U1 (de) * 1996-05-13 1996-08-14 Karl Heess GmbH & Co Maschinenbau, 68623 Lampertheim Vorrichtung zum Aufnehmen und Umsetzen von Wärmebehandlungsschritten zu unterwerfenden Werkstücken
US5667603A (en) * 1994-09-05 1997-09-16 Ntn Corporation Hardening process and apparatus for holed flat parts
DE19919738A1 (de) * 1999-01-29 2000-08-03 Loi Thermprocess Gmbh Durchlaufofen mit einer Einrichtung zum Abschrecken von Werkstücken sowie Abschreckverfahren

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1702985A (en) * 1927-01-27 1929-02-19 Hilger Ltd Adam Heat treatment of metal articles
DE10005969C1 (de) * 2000-02-09 2001-07-05 Karl Heess Gmbh & Co Maschb Wellenricht- und -härtemaschine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0045881A1 (fr) * 1980-08-13 1982-02-17 Karl David Heinrich Heess Appareil pour tremper des roues dentées
DE3307041A1 (de) * 1982-11-26 1984-05-30 Jenny Pressen AG, 8500 Frauenfeld Verfahren und vorrichtung zum serienmaessigen, verzugsarmen haerten von werkstuecken sowie anwendung des verfahrens
DE3906217C1 (en) * 1989-02-28 1989-11-23 Daimler-Benz Aktiengesellschaft, 7000 Stuttgart, De Rod- or ring-shaped workpiece-adapted receiving device for rotationally symmetrical workpieces
US5667603A (en) * 1994-09-05 1997-09-16 Ntn Corporation Hardening process and apparatus for holed flat parts
DE29608569U1 (de) * 1996-05-13 1996-08-14 Karl Heess GmbH & Co Maschinenbau, 68623 Lampertheim Vorrichtung zum Aufnehmen und Umsetzen von Wärmebehandlungsschritten zu unterwerfenden Werkstücken
DE19919738A1 (de) * 1999-01-29 2000-08-03 Loi Thermprocess Gmbh Durchlaufofen mit einer Einrichtung zum Abschrecken von Werkstücken sowie Abschreckverfahren

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012016603B3 (de) * 2012-08-23 2013-12-24 Heess Gmbh & Co. Kg Fixtur zum Härten eines einzelnen ringförmigen Werkstücks
EP2700725A3 (fr) * 2012-08-23 2015-03-04 HEESS GmbH & Co. KG Système de fixation pour le durcissement d'une pièce individuelle en forme d'anneau
CN103695629A (zh) * 2013-12-27 2014-04-02 段仲达 一种利用了圆形转动盘和三条轴向凹槽的工件热处理方法
WO2019096523A1 (fr) * 2017-11-17 2019-05-23 Zf Friedrichshafen Ag Support destiné à recevoir plusieurs roues dentées d'une éolienne
CN110512059A (zh) * 2019-10-08 2019-11-29 王世民 一种方便固定齿轮轴淬火的工装
CN110512059B (zh) * 2019-10-08 2021-03-26 南通今朝机床有限公司 一种方便固定齿轮轴淬火的工装

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1464711B1 (fr) 2006-06-21
DE10314040B3 (de) 2005-01-13
ATE331047T1 (de) 2006-07-15

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