EP1422972A1 - Elément chauffant blindé à effet CTP - Google Patents
Elément chauffant blindé à effet CTP Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1422972A1 EP1422972A1 EP03356160A EP03356160A EP1422972A1 EP 1422972 A1 EP1422972 A1 EP 1422972A1 EP 03356160 A EP03356160 A EP 03356160A EP 03356160 A EP03356160 A EP 03356160A EP 1422972 A1 EP1422972 A1 EP 1422972A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heating
- heating element
- wire
- food
- plate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
- H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of type heating elements shielded where a resistive wire is housed, in a spiral, in a metal tube being surrounded by an insulator such as magnesia.
- the present invention is in particular relating to such elements having electrical characteristics special.
- ⁇ ⁇ o [1 + ⁇ ( T - 25)] where ⁇ o is the resistivity of the wire at 25 ° C, ⁇ the resistivity of the wire at temperature T expressed in ° C, and ⁇ the temperature coefficient.
- heating elements are however used in "all or nothing", that is to say in as long as thermal safety avoids any malfunction.
- the variation of resistance is around 25% between 20 ° C and 800 ° C approximately, which allows generate power drops of 25%, sufficient for normative tests.
- the heating wires commonly used in elements heaters for domestic cooking appliances including maximum temperature of the heating plates is around 300 ° C, have a variation of the order of 10%, for Ni-Cr or Ni-Cr-AI type wires.
- the PTC effect therefore has little effect on the operation of the device. he seems interesting to try to get more out of this effect, protection and / or regulation of such devices.
- a heating element the heating wire of which has a temperature coefficient at least equal to 0.003, the heating element having improved transfers thermal at the level of the heating element, by a double tube, the tube interior with high thermal conductivity, such as copper, tube exterior being corrosion resistant.
- such a heating element allows an automatic limitation of the power when the temperature rises, its use is limited to a range of high temperature and for remote heating of the products, or contact at certain points with the object to be heated.
- Such an embodiment of the heating element remains however expensive, by the materials used for the two tubes.
- such a device has the disadvantage of poor contact between the heating element and the element to heat.
- the present invention aims to remedy the above-mentioned drawbacks.
- She is notably achieved using a heating element for an electrical appliance for heating food or cooking food, comprising an envelope metallic tubular inside which is housed a resistive wire surrounded of insulation, the two main elements constituting said wire being nickel and iron, said wire having a temperature coefficient ⁇ greater than 1500 ppm / ° C and preferably greater than 3000 ppm / ° C, characterized in that the wire is wound in a spiral with an outside diameter greater than 0.7 times the inside diameter of the tubular casing.
- One of the objects of the present invention therefore aims at the production of elements heaters with a very significant PTC effect, with a value of hot resistivity (for example 300 ° C) which can reach several times the initial value at room temperature.
- a value of hot resistivity for example 300 ° C
- By such an effect by feeding electrically such heating elements, as they are heating, their resistance will increase and therefore their power decrease, until stabilization at a certain temperature which depends, in first approximation, the importance of the CTP effect as well as the conditions heat transfer.
- One way to solve this problem is to wind the yarn into a spiral with an outside diameter greater than 0.7 times the inside diameter of the tubular casing. It is usually common to wind the wire spiraling inside the tubular casing, but the outside diameter of the winding does not exceed 60% of the inside diameter of the tubular casing. he however, keep a minimum distance of 0.8 mm to 1 mm between wire and tubular casing.
- a relative increase in this diameter compared to the inside diameter of the tubular casing therefore makes it possible to increase the total length of the wire for a same size of the tubular envelope.
- the thickness of the coating of the insulation is effectively reduced, which increases the heat transfer between the resistive wire and the envelope tubular.
- the proportion of nickel in the constitution of the wire is more than 40%. This value provides wires with high temperature coefficients ⁇ .
- Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus electric food heating or food cooking, comprising at at least one heating plate for said food, said plate being connected with a heating element comprising a metallic tubular casing with the interior of which is housed a resistive wire surrounded by insulation, characterized in that the two main elements constituting said wire are nickel and iron, and in that the wire has a temperature coefficient ⁇ greater than 1500 ppm / ° C and preferably greater than 3000 ppm / ° C.
- the temperature range being relatively small, of the order of 300 ° C., since the appliances concerned are food cooking appliances, we will look for the resistive wire has a high temperature coefficient, while ensuring that the implementation of a heating element comprising such a wire does not lead to a considerable increase in the cost of such an element, and either compatible with the practical realization of said household appliance.
- the production of a heating plate is however conditioned by the heat exchanges between the heating element and said plate. This is all the more important as the equilibrium temperature is dependent on the charge of the heating plate, i.e. of the product being cooked.
- the plaque heater must therefore be in intimate contact with the heating element so that the CTP effect plays its full role.
- the heating element conforms to one of the previously stated characteristics.
- the resistance of the wire is adjusted so that the heating generated by the power supply to the heating element causes a increase in wire resistance to an equilibrium value corresponding to a temperature of the heating plate which is the operating temperature of said heating plate for heating of food or cooking food in cooking appliances of the type croque-monsieur, waffle irons, meat grills, ...
- This temperature is usually set, in common appliances, by a thermostat comprising a temperature probe associated with means for stopping the heating element supply.
- the present invention therefore more particularly aims at eliminating the thermostat for regulating the heating elements fitted to certain electric cooking appliances, ensuring the regulation of the elements heaters without specific device.
- the CTP effect must be significant because, as regards the regulation of cooking food, the temperature difference is much less than in the case of water heater malfunctions.
- the heating element when the heating element is supplied, it heats up the heating plates, which leads to an increase in its resistance. he therefore heats up less and less as its temperature gets up. A thermal equilibrium is therefore obtained fairly quickly.
- the temperature can be adjusted thermal balance of the wire, and therefore of the heating plate. In other words, a such an appliance no longer requires thermal regulation of the heating plate, the latter self-regulating by the CTP effect of the wire constituting the core of the heating element.
- the power of the heating element to the temperature required plate for heating or cooking food is included between 0.4 and 0.7 times the power of the heating element at temperature ambient, under the same supply voltage of said heating element.
- the variation in power is only due to the thermal variation of the resistance of the wire resulting from the value of the coefficient of temperature ⁇ .
- the electrical appliance for heating food or cooking of foods comprises means promoting heat exchange between the heating element and the heating plate.
- the wire even if is at the heart of the problem, is not the only parameter on which it be careful so that, overall, we obtain this self-regulating effect the device.
- This rise or recovery of power is necessary for cooking to take place. performs correctly.
- This increase or recovery of power is a important parameter which is a function of the nuance of the wire but also, for summarize, heat exchanges between the wire and the heating plate since this resumption of power can only take place if information of the fall in temperature of the plates reaches the heating wire.
- One of the means to promote heat exchange consists in providing, in the heating plate, a groove for housing the heating element, which allows a more intimate connection between the heating element and the heating plate.
- the groove surrounds the heating element over at least half a perimeter of the tubular casing of said heating element.
- the heating element undergoes a compression step in the groove in order to increase the contact surface between said element and said groove.
- a complementary method to increase the heat transfer of the heating element towards the heating plate is to cover the parts which do not are not in contact with the heating plate of a diffusion plate in one material good thermal conductor, such as aluminum or copper.
- this diffusion plate is also in contact with the heating plate by extending over a significant area, for example of the order of 30% of the surface of the heating plate.
- Another way to promote the transfer of energy from the heating element to the heating plate is to offset the resistive wire, inside the envelope tubular, towards the heating plate.
- said heating element detects any variation in temperature of the plates, automatically causing a change in its power.
- the example illustrating the present invention is a cooking appliance of the type croque-monsieur, or waffle iron, comprising heating elements based on wires with a strong CTP effect.
- obtaining a significant CTP effect is essentially linked to the choice of the material constituting the resistive wire, and in particular its temperature coefficient.
- the selection according to the invention focused on yarns having a temperature coefficient ⁇ of between 0.0015 and 0.0050, which corresponds to a relative increase in resistivity from 1500 to 5000 ppm / ° C.
- a temperature increase of 300 ° C leads to an increase in resistivity, and therefore in resistance of the heating wire, by a factor between 1.4 and 2.4, which induces, at this temperature, a power drop of the same ratio.
- a value lower than 0.0015 would not have given a CTP effect sufficiently large, and a value greater than 0.005 results in heating element and / or cooking appliance feasibility issues.
- wire diameters of 0.18 mm or even 0.14 mm were thus used (usually 0.25 to 0.30 mm).
- a first curve shows the variation of power of the heating elements since the device was started.
- the second in solid lines, shows the variation of the temperature of the heating plates.
- Pf for cold power
- Pc for hot power
- Tests have therefore been carried out by varying the cold ohmic value of the different heating elements, to determine what cold value is necessary to obtain a given power in stabilization regime towards 300 ° C.
- the heating element must include a wire resistive of temperature coefficient ⁇ as previously defined and present a resistance R making it possible to obtain a determined power at a given temperature, with the constraints as above mentioned.
- Such tests are illustrated by the following table showing, from different cold powers, the evolution of said powers as a function of the temperature, the heating elements being made of a steel tube inside which is housed a wire whose temperature coefficient is 3600 ppm / ° C.
- the different nominal powers are obtained in modifying the length of the wire, essentially by playing on the winding pitch of said wire in the tube.
- the table also indicates the variation in power between 160 ° C and 210 ° C, these two temperatures being estimated as, on the one hand, the temperature of the plate when it receives food to be cooked or heated (160 ° C), and on the other hand the temperature of said plate during cooking or heating (210 ° C).
- the apparatus illustrating the present invention is an apparatus for making croque-monsieur or waffles, depending on the shape of the heating plates used.
- Her starting power is between 500 and 600 W, while its power, when the plates are hot enough, is only 250 to 300 W.
- the wire being housed in a tube filled with insulation, itself in connection with a diffusion plate, connected to the heating plate receiving the product to be cooked, various parameters influencing the heat transfer between the resistive wire and the food being cooked can be modified, in conjunction with the use of different resistive wires with different coefficient values temperature.
- the table presents various tests carried out.
- the indication "N” corresponds to a contact as it is usually made
- the indication "A” corresponds to an improvement in the contact between the heating element and the heating plate, by producing a housing groove for said heating element which has an important role in heat transfer.
- Improvement of heat exchanges and reduction of thermal inertia between the heating element and the plate can be obtained by the quality of the tube of the heating element, made for example of a material having a very good thermal conduction, such as aluminum, in conjunction with a bond intimate between the heating element and the heating plate.
- the heating element 2 comprises a resistive wire 4 centered in a tubular envelope 6 surrounded insulator 5.
- This insulator is preferably a mineral insulator, for example a oxide such as magnesia, alumina or zirconia. Boron nitride can also be used.
- the heating element 2 is linked to a heating plate 8 by a cord of solder 10.
- the exchange surface between the heating element and the plate heater is relatively weak.
- Figures 3 to 6 show different configurations improving the transfer between the heating element and the heating plate.
- a groove 12 for receiving the heating element is provided in the heating plate 80, said groove being delimited by flanks 14.
- the groove can be flush with the surface, as shown in Figure 3, or be located more inside the heating plate, as shown in Figure 4, thus reducing the distance d between the heating element and the active surface 81 by the heating plate 82.
- a winding along a larger diameter of the wire 4 is also presented in FIG. 3, this operation making it possible to house a longer length of wire in the same tubular casing.
- the heating element 20 is shaped to the shape of the groove, by example by pressing, which further increases the surface of contact between the heating element and the heating plate.
- the resistive wire 40 is presented eccentrically in the envelope of the heating element in the direction of the heating plate 82.
- This configuration independent of the conformation wire to the shape of the groove, localizes the heating mainly at level of the heating plate, thus limiting the radiation opposite to the heating plate.
- heating element For the same purpose, special surface treatment may be provided. the heating element so that it has a high emissivity on the surface in contact with the heating plate and low emissivity elsewhere.
- the heating sub-assembly 30 includes a heating plate 36, a heating element 37 and a diffusion plate 38.
- the heating element 37 has a resistive wire with strong PTC effect according to one of the characteristics previously mentioned.
- the heating plate 36 comprises at least one cavity comprising at least an imprint taking the shape of the food to be cooked. All of the footprints of a heating plate 36 form the cooking zone of said heating plate 36.
- the heating element 37 is arranged against the face of the heating plate 36 which is opposite to the face with the imprints.
- the shape of the element heater 37 is adapted to the surface of the cooking zone and to the width and the length of the heating plate 36, forming a loop.
- the diffusion plate 38 has a housing 32 which follows the shape of the heating element 37 and is adapted to receive it. So the heating element 37 is sandwiched between the heating plate 36 and the diffusion plate 38.
- the latter is shaped so that it matches over a predetermined height e , at least part of all of the cavities of the cavities of the heating plate 36.
- the diffusion plate 38 comprises, in addition to the housing 32 receiving the heating element 37, a cavity 35 receiving the heating plate 36 at the predetermined height e . In this way, the heat exchanges between the heating plate 36 and the diffusion plate 38 are encouraged.
- the heating plate 36 is made of a material which is a poor thermal conductor, for example stainless steel, and its thickness, substantially constant, is between 0.6 and 0.8 mm.
- a heating plate 36 can be easily produced by stamping and then by cutting a sheet.
- the steel plate stainless Prior to stamping, the steel plate stainless can be coated with a non-stick material on the side to be contact with the food to be cooked.
- the diffusion plate 38 is made of a material which is a good thermal conductor, for example aluminum, and its thickness, substantially constant, is between 0.8 and 2 mm, and preferably between 0.8 and 1 mm.
- a diffusion plate 38 can be produced by stamping.
- the diffusion plate 38 thus plays the role of thermal diffuser in distributing by thermal conduction the thermal energy coming from the element heater 37 on the part of the heating plate 36 which is in contact with the diffusion plate 38.
- the diffusion plate 38 promotes the feedback of information to the heating element 37 of the thermal state of the heating plate 36, which improves the responsiveness of regulation. This aspect is all the more important when the heating plate is made of steel which has a low conductivity thermal generating significant thermal inertia.
- the assembly of the heating plate 36 with the diffusion plate 38 can be done by welding, gluing, or, preferably for cost reasons, by riveting or screwing.
- the heating plate 36 and the heating plate diffusion 38 are fixed to each other by clinching, that is to say by deformation mutual following a common stamping: the embedding of the plate heater 36 in the diffusion plate 38 provides better hold the rise and fall in temperature despite the difference in expansion between the two metals used.
- the present invention is not limited to the only example presented where the element heating equips a croque-monsieur.
- a heating element and its associated self-regulation capabilities can also find applications in other electrical heating / broiling appliances in contact with food, such as barbecues, crepe makers, grills, as well as in water heating such as coffee makers, kettles, or even irons, to also avoid dry heating.
Landscapes
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
- Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- une meilleure réactivité, par la diminution de la charge du fil à haute température,
- un meilleur vieillissement des éléments en diminuant le nombre de coupures par rapport à une régulation "classique" qui sollicite par ailleurs les zones de soudures,
- la suppression éventuelle du fusible.
- la figure 1 présente une loi de comportement de la puissance et de la température d'une plaque de chauffe selon la présente invention, équipant un appareil électrique de type croque-monsieur ou gaufrier,
- les figures 2 à 6 présentent des agencements particuliers entre un élément chauffant et une plaque de chauffe.
Puissance à 25°C | Puissance à 160°C | Puissance à 210°C | Puissance à 300°C | ΔP 25°C/300°C | ΔP 160°C/210°C |
1318 W | 708 W | 670 W | 625 W | 52,6 % | 5,4 % |
1128 W | 605 W | 570 W | 524 W | 53,5 % | 5,8 % |
977 W | 540 W | 506 W | 461 W | 52,8 % | 6,3 % |
893 W | 470 W | 440 W | 400 W | 55,2 % | 6,4 % |
796 W | 430 W | 402 W | 367 W | 53,9 % | 6,5 % |
754 W | 401 W | 373 W | 335 W | 55,6 % | 7,0 % |
Puissance à 25°C | Puissance à 160°C | Puissance à 210°C | Puissance à 300°C | ΔP 25°C/300°C | ΔP 160°C/210°C |
1060 W | 700 W | 630 W | 542 W | 48,9 % | 10,0 % |
890 W | 580 W | 520 W | 445 W | 50,0 % | 10,3 % |
802 W | 500 W | 448 W | 383 W | 52,2 % | 10,4 % |
700 W | 450 W | 400 W | 335 W | 52,1 % | 11,1 % |
646 W | 400 W | 356 W | 298 W | 53,9% | 11,0 % |
552 W | 355 W | 315 W | 265 W | 52,0 % | 11,3% |
- de la nuance du fil,
- de la qualité de l'isolant pulvérulent, tel la magnésie et des deux interfaces fil/isolant et isolant/tube métallique,
- des échanges thermiques entre le tube métallique et la plaque de chauffe.
Coefficient de température du fil (ppm/°C) | Type de tube | Contact avec plaque | ΔP (%) | ΔPc (%) |
1350 | acier | N | 30 % | 8 % |
1350 | acier | A | 30 % | 11 % |
3600 | acier | N | 55 % | 19 % |
3600 | acier | A | 55 % | 29 % |
3600 | aluminium | A | 52 % | 40 % |
4500 | acier | N | 66 % | 25 % |
4500 | acier | A | 59 % | 41 % |
4500 | aluminium | A | 59 % | 47 % |
- un dépassement limité de la température dite de "régulation", notamment une diminution, voire suppression du phénomène "d'overshoot" lié au premier pic de température lors de la régulation,
- une valeur de régulation qui peut donc être montée de 10 à 30°C,
- une diminution du différentiel de température lors de la régulation (écart entre la température minimale et maximale autour de la valeur de régulation)
- pas d'augmentation de puissance en cas de survoltage,
Claims (17)
- Elément chauffant (2, 20, 37) pour appareil électrique de chauffage d'aliments ou de cuisson d'aliments, comportant une enveloppe tubulaire métallique (6) à l'intérieur de laquelle est logé un fil résistif (4, 40) entouré d'isolant (5), les deux éléments principaux constituant ledit fil (4, 40) étant le nickel et le fer, ledit fil présentant un coefficient de température α supérieur à 1500 ppm/°C et de préférence supérieur à 3000 ppm/°C, caractérisé en ce que le fil est bobiné en une spirale dont le diamètre extérieur est supérieur à 0,7 fois le diamètre intérieur de l'enveloppe tubulaire.
- Elément chauffant (2, 20, 37) selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la proportion de nickel est supérieure à 40 %.
- Appareil électrique de chauffage d'aliments ou de cuisson d'aliments, comportant au moins une plaque de chauffe (8, 36, 80, 82, 86) desdits aliments, ladite plaque étant en liaison avec un élément chauffant (2, 20, 37), comportant une enveloppe tubulaire métallique (6) à l'intérieur de laquelle est logé un fil résistif (4, 40) entouré d'isolant (5), caractérisé en ce que les deux éléments principaux constituant ledit fil (4, 40) sont le nickel et le fer, et en ce que le fil présente un coefficient de température α supérieur à 1500 ppm/°C et de préférence supérieur à 3000 ppm/°C.
- Appareil électrique de chauffage d'aliments ou de cuisson d'aliments selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que le fil de l'élément chauffant (2, 20, 37) est bobiné en une spirale dont le diamètre extérieur est supérieur à 0,7 fois le diamètre intérieur de l'enveloppe tubulaire.
- Appareil électrique de chauffage d'aliments ou de cuisson d'aliments selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que l'élément chauffant comporte une proportion de nickel supérieure à 40 %.
- Appareil électrique de chauffage d'aliments ou de cuisson d'aliments selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la résistance du fil (4, 40) est ajustée pour que l'échauffement généré par l'alimentation électrique de l'élément chauffant (2, 20, 37) provoque une augmentation de la résistance du fil (4, 40) jusqu'à une valeur d'équilibre correspondant à une température de la plaque de chauffe (8, 36, 80, 82, 86) qui est la température de fonctionnement de ladite plaque de chauffe (8, 36, 80, 82, 86) pour le chauffage d'aliments ou la cuisson d'aliments.
- Appareil électrique de chauffage d'aliments ou de cuisson d'aliments selon l'une des revendications 3 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'ajustement de la résistance du fil (4, 40) est obtenu par variation de sa longueur et/ou variation de son diamètre.
- Appareil électrique de chauffage d'aliments ou de cuisson d'aliments selon l'une des revendications 3 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la puissance (Pc) de l'élément chauffant (2, 20, 37) à la température requise de la plaque (8, 36, 80, 82, 86) pour le chauffage ou la cuisson des aliments est comprise entre 0,4 et 0,7 fois la puissance (Pf) de l'élément chauffant (2, 20, 37) à température ambiante, sous une même tension d'alimentation dudit élément chauffant (2, 20, 37), ladite variation de puissance (ΔP) étant uniquement due à la variation thermique de la résistance (R) du fil résultant de la valeur du coefficient de température α.
- Appareil électrique de chauffage d'aliments ou de cuisson d'aliments selon l'une des revendications 3 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte des moyens favorisant l'échange thermique entre l'élément chauffant (20, 37) et la plaque de chauffe (36, 80, 82, 86).
- Appareil électrique de chauffage d'aliments ou de cuisson d'aliments selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la plaque de chauffe (36, 80, 82, 86) comporte une gorge (12) de logement de l'élément chauffant (20, 37).
- Appareil électrique de chauffage d'aliments ou de cuisson d'aliments selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la gorge (12) entoure l'élément chauffant (20, 37) sur au moins un demi-périmètre de l'enveloppe tubulaire (6) dudit élément chauffant (20, 37).
- Appareil électrique de chauffage d'aliments ou de cuisson d'aliments selon l'une des revendications 10 ou 11, caractérisé en ce que l'élément chauffant (20, 37) subit une étape de compression dans la gorge (12) afin d'augmenter la surface de contact entre ledit élément et ladite gorge.
- Appareil électrique de chauffage d'aliments ou de cuisson d'aliments selon l'une des revendications 10 à 12, caractérisé en ce que les parties de l'élément chauffant en contact avec la plaque de chauffe (8, 36, 80, 82, 86) présentent une émissivité de surface supérieure aux parties qui ne sont pas en contact avec la plaque de chauffe (8, 36, 80, 82, 86).
- Appareil électrique de chauffage d'aliments ou de cuisson d'aliments selon l'une des revendications 10 à 13, caractérisé en ce que les parties de l'élément chauffant (37) qui ne sont pas en contact avec la plaque de chauffe (36) sont recouvertes d'une plaque de diffusion (84) en un matériau bon conducteur thermique, tel l'aluminium ou le cuivre.
- Appareil électrique de chauffage d'aliments ou de cuisson d'aliments selon la revendication précédente, caractérisé en ce que la plaque de diffusion (84) est également en contact avec la plaque de chauffe (36) en s'étendant sur une surface significative.
- Appareil électrique de chauffage d'aliments ou de cuisson d'aliments selon l'une des revendications 10 à 15, caractérisé en ce que, à l'intérieur de l'enveloppe tubulaire (6), le fil résistif (40) est excentré en direction de la plaque de chauffe (82).
- Appareil électrique de chauffage d'aliments ou de cuisson d'aliments selon l'une des revendications 9 à 16, caractérisé en ce que, par l'amélioration des échanges thermiques entre l'élément chauffant (20, 37) et la plaque de chauffe (36, 80, 82, 86), ledit élément chauffant détecte toute variation de température des plaques, entraínant automatiquement une modification de sa puissance.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0213251A FR2846509B1 (fr) | 2002-10-23 | 2002-10-23 | Element chauffant blinde a effet ctp |
FR0213251 | 2002-10-23 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1422972A1 true EP1422972A1 (fr) | 2004-05-26 |
EP1422972B1 EP1422972B1 (fr) | 2009-12-09 |
Family
ID=32088215
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03356160A Expired - Lifetime EP1422972B1 (fr) | 2002-10-23 | 2003-10-20 | Elément chauffant blindé à effet CTP |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6919542B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1422972B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN100479624C (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE451814T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60330431D1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2846509B1 (fr) |
TW (1) | TW200414789A (fr) |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2876535B1 (fr) * | 2004-10-13 | 2006-12-01 | Seb Sa | Element chauffant |
ITVE20060001U1 (it) * | 2006-01-12 | 2007-07-13 | I R C A S P A Ind Resistenze Corazzate ... | Contenitore per fluidi da riscaldare |
CN101263983B (zh) * | 2007-03-16 | 2012-01-25 | 厦门灿坤实业股份有限公司 | 一种电热式煎烤器及利用该煎烤器煎烤食物的方法 |
US20100252561A1 (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2010-10-07 | Moshe Ein-Gal | Food plate with structure for accommodating fork tines |
US20090242573A1 (en) * | 2008-03-25 | 2009-10-01 | Moshe Ein-Gal | Food plate with structure for accommodating fork tines |
CN201197641Y (zh) * | 2008-04-17 | 2009-02-25 | 厦门灿坤实业股份有限公司 | 一种可局部高温加热的电煎烤器 |
KR101544552B1 (ko) * | 2009-05-04 | 2015-08-13 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 조리 기기 |
ITRM20100363A1 (it) * | 2010-07-06 | 2012-01-07 | I R C A S P A Ind Resistenze Corazzate | Sistema di riscaldamento di acqua, in particolare per lavastoviglie |
US10190814B2 (en) * | 2011-11-17 | 2019-01-29 | Component Hardware Group, Inc. | Condensate evaporator for refrigeration apparatus |
MA41647A (fr) * | 2015-03-05 | 2018-01-09 | Spectrum Brands Inc | Dispositif de cuisson |
US10251218B2 (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2019-04-02 | Haier Us Appliance Solutions, Inc. | Appliance heating element |
US20170325293A1 (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2017-11-09 | General Electric Company | Appliance Heating Element with Integrated Temperature Sensing |
CN106659034A (zh) * | 2016-12-27 | 2017-05-10 | 艾思玛新能源技术(江苏)有限公司 | 一种用于放置发热元件的装置 |
US11154162B2 (en) * | 2017-03-14 | 2021-10-26 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Cooking appliance and related heater assembly |
CN207412066U (zh) * | 2017-05-05 | 2018-05-29 | 广东美的厨房电器制造有限公司 | 电烤箱 |
EP4434419A1 (fr) * | 2023-03-22 | 2024-09-25 | Lavafileds Group | Appareil electromenager et procede de fonctionnement |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2767288A (en) * | 1954-04-26 | 1956-10-16 | Gen Electric | Electric heating unit |
GB2308537A (en) * | 1995-12-19 | 1997-06-25 | Strix Ltd | Mounting carrier for heating elements |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2499961A (en) * | 1948-04-30 | 1950-03-07 | Gen Electric | Electric heating unit |
US2816200A (en) * | 1954-12-15 | 1957-12-10 | Int Nickel Co | Electrical heating unit |
US2916594A (en) * | 1957-08-05 | 1959-12-08 | Gen Electric | Electric heating |
US3885128A (en) * | 1974-07-01 | 1975-05-20 | Gen Electric | Glass-ceramic plate heating unit cast-in heat spreader |
US4052590A (en) * | 1976-10-28 | 1977-10-04 | National Presto Industries, Inc. | Electric appliance with intermittently staked sheathed heating element |
-
2002
- 2002-10-23 FR FR0213251A patent/FR2846509B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2003
- 2003-10-15 TW TW092128532A patent/TW200414789A/zh unknown
- 2003-10-20 AT AT03356160T patent/ATE451814T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-10-20 DE DE60330431T patent/DE60330431D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-20 EP EP03356160A patent/EP1422972B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-22 US US10/689,734 patent/US6919542B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-10-23 CN CNB2003101025633A patent/CN100479624C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2767288A (en) * | 1954-04-26 | 1956-10-16 | Gen Electric | Electric heating unit |
GB2308537A (en) * | 1995-12-19 | 1997-06-25 | Strix Ltd | Mounting carrier for heating elements |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2846509A1 (fr) | 2004-04-30 |
FR2846509B1 (fr) | 2006-03-17 |
CN100479624C (zh) | 2009-04-15 |
US6919542B2 (en) | 2005-07-19 |
ATE451814T1 (de) | 2009-12-15 |
DE60330431D1 (de) | 2010-01-21 |
US20040084439A1 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
EP1422972B1 (fr) | 2009-12-09 |
TW200414789A (en) | 2004-08-01 |
CN1498037A (zh) | 2004-05-19 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP1422972B1 (fr) | Elément chauffant blindé à effet CTP | |
EP1625772B1 (fr) | Dispositif de chauffage d un liquide pour appareil electrome nager, appareil electromenager equipe d un tel dispositif | |
EP1812758B1 (fr) | Procédé et dispositif de fourniture d'eau chaude | |
EP0412875B1 (fr) | Dispositif de mesure de température pour appareil de cuisson à induction et appareil comportant un tel dispositif | |
CA2231333C (fr) | Friteuse a cuve amovible | |
WO2016087772A1 (fr) | Appareil et procede de cuisson et/ou rechauffage | |
FR2694178A1 (fr) | Procédé de grillage et/ou de réchauffage d'un produit agro-alimentaire, et dispositif de mise en Óoeuvre dudit procédé. | |
FR2608882A1 (fr) | Agencement de protection thermique pour table de cuisson en verre a disque massif | |
EP2054783B1 (fr) | Procede et dispositif pour commander un appareil electrique menager de chauffage de liquide | |
WO1999038426A1 (fr) | Thermostat a thermistance et interrupteur-relais pour resistances chauffantes d'appareil electromenager | |
FR2760957A1 (fr) | Appareil de cuisson electrique | |
EP1557120B1 (fr) | Capot d'appareil électrique du type gaufrier | |
EP1433406B1 (fr) | Dispositif de régulation de l'alimentation électrique d'une résistance pour barbecue | |
EP1400194B1 (fr) | Sous-ensemble chauffant d'un appareil electrique du type gaufrier | |
EP1294261A2 (fr) | Recipient chauffant pour appareil electromenager chauffe liquides | |
EP1121884B1 (fr) | Appareil électrique de cuisson à cuve amovible | |
WO2006040476A1 (fr) | Element chauffant, notamment destine aux bouilloires | |
FR2789875A1 (fr) | Friteuse electrique adaptee a l'utilisation de produits surgeles | |
FR2788213A1 (fr) | Friteuse electrique | |
FR2814056A1 (fr) | Appareil electrique de cuisson du type barbecue, a limitation de chauffe | |
EP2054784A2 (fr) | Procede et dispositif pour commander un appareil electrique menager de chauffage de liquide | |
BE569488A (fr) | ||
BE420247A (fr) |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: AL LT LV MK |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20041125 |
|
AKX | Designation fees paid |
Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20050524 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20050524 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IT LI LU MC NL PT RO SE SI SK TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 60330431 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 20100121 Kind code of ref document: P |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: T3 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20091209 Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20091209 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20091209 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20091209 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FD4D |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20100320 Ref country code: BG Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20100309 Ref country code: RO Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20091209 Ref country code: PT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20100409 Ref country code: EE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20091209 Ref country code: IE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20091209 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20091209 Ref country code: CZ Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20091209 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20100310 Ref country code: CY Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20091209 |
|
26N | No opposition filed |
Effective date: 20100910 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DK Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20091209 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20091209 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: MC Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20101031 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20101031 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20101031 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20101020 Ref country code: HU Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20100610 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: TR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 20091209 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: PLFP Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20151014 Year of fee payment: 13 Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20151019 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20150921 Year of fee payment: 13 Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20151029 Year of fee payment: 13 Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20151102 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20161031 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R119 Ref document number: 60330431 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: NL Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20161101 |
|
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20161020 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20170630 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20161102 Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20170503 Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20161020 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20161101 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: BE Ref legal event code: MM Effective date: 20161031 |