Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
  • C08F290/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated end groups
  • C08F290/06—Polymers provided for in subclass C08G
  • C08F290/062—Polyethers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
  • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
  • C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
  • C08F290/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated end groups
  • C08F290/04—Polymers provided for in subclasses C08C or C08F
  • C08F290/046—Polymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D151/00—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers

Definitions

• Liquid concentrate of mineral fillers containing grafted copolymers and their use for the preparation of paints in an aggressive and / or organic medium Liquid concentrate of mineral fillers containing grafted copolymers and their use for the preparation of paints in an aggressive and / or organic medium
• the invention relates to concentrates of mineral fillers comprising graft copolymers comprising at least three sequences of distinct chemical natures, among which at least one sequence for anchoring on solid particles consisting of mineral fillers, at least one sequence of hydrophobic nature and at least one sequence of hydrophilic nature.
• sequence of hydrophilic nature or “sequence of hydrophobic character” is understood here to mean that said sequence is more hydrophilic or respectively more hydrophobic than the other two said sequences.
• the invention also relates to a method for preparing paint using said liquid concentrates of mineral fillers.
• said copolymers are used as a dispersing agent, stabilizer of solid particles and / or emulsifier in an aqueous and / or organic medium, as well as their use for the preparation of paints in an aqueous medium and / or organic.
• the mineral fillers used in paints are in the form of aggregates or agglomerates. Their incorporation into a liquid, in order to obtain a stable suspension, therefore requires a dispersion step beforehand, a step during which these assemblies are dissociated into elementary particles under the effect of significant mechanical stresses.
• Universal that is to say mixtures or compatible with other compositions of binders, solvents and additives or pigment compositions, in order to prepare paints which can either be paints in an aqueous medium or a solvent medium.
• These graft copolymers are therefore used as dispersing and / or stabilizing agents for solid particles and / or emulsifier in an aqueous and / or organic medium, and / or compatibilizing in an aqueous and / or organic medium.
• the copolymers facilitate and complete the mechanical dispersion by good wetting of the particles by the continuous phase, and by eliminating the air film which surrounds them.
• copolymers are involved at each stage of the dispersion. First, they ensure good wetting of the particle by the continuous phase, replacing the air film surrounding the surface of the solid with liquid molecules.
• a copolymer which can be used as a dispersant must therefore comprise an anchoring sequence, having a good affinity for the surface of the particles, as well as one or more sequence (s) compatible with the continuous phase in which these solids are incorporated.
• an anchoring sequence having a good affinity for the surface of the particles, as well as one or more sequence (s) compatible with the continuous phase in which these solids are incorporated.
• one attends the flocculation of the system phenomenon which is manifested by the re-agglomeration of the particles, and an increase in viscosity of the dispersion.
• poor dispersion of the mineral fillers within the binder results in rapid sedimentation of the charge agglomerates in the paint with an increase in its viscosity.
• the copolymers As a stabilizing agent for solid particles in an aqueous and / or organic medium, the copolymers adsorb on the surface of the solid and coat the particles and constitute a layer of solvated copolymers which cause steric repulsion forces, as well that, in the case of polyelectrolytes in an aqueous medium, electrostatic repulsion forces, which oppose the attractive Van der Waals forces, thus ensuring the stability of the dispersion. It is therefore necessary that the anchoring sequence is strongly adsorbed on the surface of the solid particle for example by Van der Waals bonds and that one of the two other sequences respectively hydrophilic and hydrophobic, develops to create forces of steric repulsion and / or electrostatic repulsion depending on the environment of use.
• the copolymers As an emulsifying agent in an aqueous and / or organic medium, when the continuous phase of a dispersion of solid particles is not miscible with the continuous phase of the paint which receives it, the copolymers facilitate and complete the mechanical emulsification of the phase continues from the first into the second.
• the emulsifying effect of the copolymer develops as soon as the copolymer has hydrophilic and hydrophobic sequences long enough and numerous to deploy each in its respective affinity medium, water / organic solvent.
• the anchoring sequence plays little role in the emulsifying effect.
• compatibilizing agent for preparing the dispersion of solid particles in an aqueous and / or organic medium with respect to the other constituents of the paint.
• the compatibilizing effect of the copolymer is optimized if the conditions of the stabilizing effect and of the emulsifying effect are met.
• copolymers contain a block allowing their anchoring on the solid particles, as well as at least 2 blocks of hydrophilic / water-soluble and hydrophobic / organosoluble character respectively, authorizing their use in compositions in aqueous and / or organic medium.
• the presence of an insoluble sequence in a selective medium surprisingly increases the amount of dispersant adsorbed on the surface of the particles, thus avoiding the flocculation phenomenon when mixing different pigments.
• a graft copolymer consists of:
• anchoring sequence on the solid particles, consisting of a hydrocarbon chain, linear or branched, cycloalkyl or aromatic, comprising basic nitrogen groups of type: heterocyclic, -NH2, -NH-, -NHR, -NR2, - CONH2, -CONHR, -CONR2 (where R is an (C1-C6) alkyl radical, optionally substituted by one or more group (s) -OH, -COO-, -CO-, -O-, -SO3H), and whose molecular mass is between 150 and 10,000, preferably between 300 and 3000, the mass content of basic nitrogen monomers in the anchoring chain being at least 5%, and preferably 30%, and
• the anchoring sequences are preferably produced by radical copolymerization of monomers comprising ethylenic monomers carrying basic nitrogen groups, these nitrogen monomers being arranged statistically along the chain.
• WO97 / 28200 it has been proposed as an anchoring sequence to copolymerize the nitrogenous monomers mentioned above with one or more ethylenic unsaturated monomer (s).
• the anchoring sequences only include ethylenic monomers comprising nitrogen groups, to the exclusion of any other monomer.
• the preferred graft copolymers have been specially developed for producing liquid concentrates of pigment dyes and include:
• a main anchoring chain on the solid particles comprising dialkylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-vinylpyridine, 4-vinylpyridine groups,
• hydrophilic poly (ethylene oxide) grafts one or more hydrophilic poly (ethylene oxide) grafts
• hydrophobic grafts based on alkyl (meth) acrylates, on vinyl esters alone or copolymerized with styrenic and alkylstyrenic derivatives, fluorinated monomers (trifluoroethyl methacrylate), or 3- (trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate .
• liquid concentrates of pigment dyes contain a dry extract of coloring pigments, less than 60% by weight.
• Said colorless mineral fillers in a paint are the main constituent with the binder; they provide a thick microporous and opaque structure, and give the paint a specific mat, satin or shiny surface finish. And, a paint should preferably contain at least 45 to 50% of dry extract of these colorless mineral fillers.
• colorless mineral filler is used here to better distinguish these thickening and opacifying mineral fillers from paints of the carbonate, silicate, sulphate and silica type, compared with the mineral coloring pigments used for coloring the paintings.
• a "colorless mineral filler” is defined as a powdered mineral substance, practically insoluble in aqueous or organic suspension media, having a refractive index of less than 1.7. As soon as it is introduced into an aqueous or organic medium, it becomes colorless thanks to the refraction phenomenon linked to the difference in refractive index between the medium and the powdered material. This refractive index is due to the crystallographic structure and the chemical nature of the mineral compound concerned.
• the object of the present invention is to provide a liquid concentrate of colorless mineral fillers, also called a “mineral fill module”, comprising universal copolymers having the properties listed above in a solvent or aqueous medium, and having an extract content.
• dry of high loads in particular a weight content of dry extract of load greater than or equal to 65%, while being stable and compatible with the other constituents of paints, so as to be able to directly prepare the paints with these load modules.
• the load modules are the majority constituent of paints, and that the paints must have a dry extract with a weight content of at least 45% and have good application qualities, it is necessary to have mineral charge modules with the highest possible dry solids content, in particular at least 65%.
• liquid is understood here to mean a fluid whose rheological characteristics measured at 20 ° C. are as follows:
• the problem posed by the present invention is therefore to develop specific copolymers corresponding to these additional properties allowing the preparation of a concentrate of mineral fillers with a high dry extract content, liquid and stable, in combination with the preceding properties sought for copolymers ( dispersion, stabilization, emulsification).
• Another problem underlying the present invention is to be able to provide effective copolymers for the various types of mineral fillers used in paints, in particular fillers constituted by aluminum oxide and hydroxide, in particular silica, such as quartz, silicate, such as talc, kaolin and mica, barium sulfate, or calcium carbonate, such as chalk, calcite, dolomite and marble.
• silica such as quartz, silicate, such as talc, kaolin and mica, barium sulfate, or calcium carbonate, such as chalk, calcite, dolomite and marble.
• Another object of the present invention is to provide modules of said colorless mineral fillers which allow paints to be easily prepared by a simple mixture of liquid concentrates without the addition of external solid matter.
• mineral fillers of the silica type have many hydroxyl groups on the surface, while fillers of the carbonate type have carboxylic groups on the surface.
• a liquid concentrate of colorless mineral fillers useful for the manufacture of paint comprising an aqueous or organic solvent, said mineral fillers and a graft copolymer comprising at least three sequences of distinct chemical natures, among which at least one anchoring sequence capable of being absorbed on solid particles consisting of said mineral fillers, at least one sequence of hydrophobic character and at least one sequence of hydrophilic character, characterized in that it comprises a dry extract of said mineral fillers greater than or equal to 65% by weight of said liquid concentrate, and said copolymer consists of:
• a first ethylenic monomer unit comprising at least one basic nitrogen group preferably chosen from -NH2, -NH-, -NHR, -NR 2 , - CONH, -CONHR, R representing a C1-C6 alkyl radical, and the groups heterocyclic, pyridine type,
• a second unsaturated ethylenic monomer unit comprising an aromatic group, preferably a phenyl,
• the mass content of said first monomer units with respect to said second monomer units being from 40 to 60%, preferably about 50%.
• hydrophobic sequence (s) comprising an organosoluble polymer
• anchoring sequences as defined above make it possible to obtain liquid concentrates of mineral charges with high dry extracts while being stable and compatible with the other constituents of the paints, both in a solvent medium and an aqueous medium, and this for the different fillers of mineral type used in paints.
• the inventors also hypothesize that, in a solvent medium, the basic nitrogen groups tend to exert a repulsive effect with respect to the solvent, which propels the aromatic groups towards the mineral charge and accentuates the polar bonds. And, conversely, the aromatic groups exert a repellent effect on aqueous media, propelling the nitrogen groups towards the mineral charges and accentuating the hydrogen bonds with their hydroxyl and carboxyl environment.
• these graft copolymers are based on the use of the "macromonomer” technique and / or the grafting of functionalized telomeres on a preformed linear or grafted chain.
• they can be prepared by radical copolymerization of one or more hydrophilic macromonomer (s) and of one or more hydrophobic macromonomer (s) with one or more nitrogenous comonomer (s).
• These syntheses are carried out under an inert atmosphere in the presence of a suitable solvent or mixture of solvents, that is to say in which the reagents, macromonmers, comonomers are completely soluble and the final products are totally or at least partially soluble.
• solvents will in particular be chosen from aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene or xylene; ethers such as dioxane or tetrahydrofuran; ketones such as acetone or methyl ethyl ketone; esters such as ethyl acetate or butyl acetate.
• dioxane or tetrahydrofuran when preparing the graft copolymers.
• the synthesis begins with the preparation of the macromonomers, by telomerization then fixation of a double bond at the end of the chain, step followed by the copolymerization of said macromonomers with the comonomers.
• this chain may already contain one or more hydrophilic or hydrophobic graft (s) incorporated by radical route.
• the course of the reaction requires the use of at least two separate reactors, the first serving for the preparation of the main chain, the second intended for the preparation of the telomer.
• the grafting of these side chains on the preformed polymer can then be carried out by adding the content of the reactor (s) containing the telomeres to the first.
• the graft copolymers according to the invention have, distributed along their anchoring sequence, monomeric units comprising basic nitrogen groups, arranged in a statistical fashion.
• Said basic groups can be defined by their pKa, between 2 and 14, preferably between 5 and 14, in particular between 5 and 12.
• the measurements of pKa are carried out at 25 ° C. in water at a concentration of 0, 01 molar.
• the invention therefore relates to a liquid concentrate of colorless mineral fillers comprising a graft copolymer as defined above in which the anchoring sequence (s) more particularly comprises:
• H is a hydrogen atom or a (C1-C4) alkyl radical
• R 4 , R 5 , R 6 are identical or different and each represents a hydrogen or a C1-C4 alkyl radical, preferably hydrogen,
• R 7 represents an aromatic group, in particular a phenyl group optionally substituted, in particular by a C1-C4 alkyl radical.
• Said first monomer can in particular be an aminoalkyl methacrylate or else a vinylpyridine.
• Said second monomer can in particular be a styrene or alkylstyrene such as and methylstyrene or tert-butylstyrene.
• said first monomer is the monomer of 2-dymetylaminoethyl methacrylate (MADAME) and said second monomer is styrene.
• MADAME 2-dymetylaminoethyl methacrylate
• hydrophobic sequence consists of a hydrocarbon chain comprising -COOR 10 - groups, in which R 10 is a C1-C10 alkyl radical and, preferably, a C4-C8 alkyl radical.
• said hydrophobic sequence is obtained from a macromonomer of formula (III) below:
• R 4 , R 5 , R 6 are identical or different and each represents a hydrogen or a C1-C4 alkyl radical, preferably a hydrogen,
• R 8 consists of a polymer, the monomer units of which contain groups - COOR 10 -, in which R i0 is a C1-C10, and preferably C4-C8, alkyl radical.
• organosoluble polymers formed from monomer units whose solubility parameter less than or equal to 21.5 J1 / 2 / cm3 / 2, preferably less than 19 J1 / 2 / cm3 / 2, constitute these sequences of hydrophobic nature and make it possible to disperse the particles in an apolar medium.
• this sequence (s) or graft (s) into the copolymer can be carried out by radical copolymerizing one or more organosoluble macromonomer (s) with one or more ethylenic comonomer (s) ) unsaturated (s) mentioned above in the description of the anchoring sequence, namely one or more ethylene nitrogenous monomer (s), optionally one or more ethylenic monomer (s) ) unsaturated neutral (s) and at least one hydrophilic macromonomer described below (from the initiators usually used, for example organic peroxides, redox systems, or preferably azo compounds), and will lead to the formation of a bigreffe copolymer.
• hydrophobic grafts can also be fixed by radical copolymerization or by grafting on a linear or branched copolymer consisting of one or more ethylenic nitrogenous or unsaturated monomer (s) mentioned above in the description of the anchoring sequence, and / or one or more macromonomer (s) to hydrophilic character described below.
• said hydrophobic sequences according to the invention have a hydrophobicity such that the solubility parameter of the monomers of the hydrophobic sequence is less than 22.5 J 1/2 / cm 3/2 .
• solubility parameters expressed in J 1/2 / cm 3/2 were calculated by the increment method of Hoftyzer-Van Krevelen or measured experimentally (case of polydimethylsiloxane).
• the molar volumes required when calculating the solubility parameters are calculated from the data of Feedor. These calculation methods and experimental values are exposed in the work: DW VAN KREVELEN, "Properties of polymers. Their correlation w / t chemical structure; their numerical estimation and prediction from additive group contributions", Third edition, Elsevier, 1990, p . 189-225.
• the monomer units constituting the macromonomers used to prepare the sequence (s) of hydrophobic nature are preferably compounds of formula IV below:
• R 4 , R 5 , R 6 are identical or different and each represents a hydrogen or a C1-C4 alkyl radical, preferably a hydrogen,
• R 10 represents COOR 10 , with R 10 which is a C1-C10 alkyl, preferably substituted by a C4-C8 alkyl radical.
• R'8 is an ethylhexyl methacrylate (EHMA).
• the hydrophilic sequence (s), distributed statistically along the main chain of the copolymer, are at the origin of the solubility of the copolymers in water. It is these sequences which stabilize the dispersions of particles in an aqueous medium.
• the solubility parameter of the monomer units constituting these hydrophilic grafts is greater than or equal to 22 J 1 2 / cm 3/2 , preferably greater than 22.5 J 1 2 / cm 32 .
• said hydrophilic sequence consists of a hydrocarbon chain comprising groups chosen from -O-, -OH, and -COOH.
• a macromonomer of this type consists of a water-soluble polymer terminated at one of its ends by a group which can be polymerized in a radical manner.
• said hydrophilic sequence is obtained from a macromonomer of formula (V) below:
• R, R 5 , R ⁇ are identical or different and each represents a hydrogen or a C1-C4 alkyl radical, preferably a hydrogen,
• - R 9 is a hydrophilic block consisting of a polymer, the monomer units of which comprise groups chosen from -O-, -OH, - COOH.
• hydrophilic grafts can also be fixed by radical copolymerization or grafting on a linear or branched copolymer consisting of one or more ethylene nitrogenous or unsaturated monomer (s) mentioned above in the description of the anchoring sequence.
• the hydrophilic block is of a chemical nature distinct from said hydrophobic block, as well as from said anchoring block on the one hand, and on the other hand, the hydrophilicity of the hydrophilic sequence is greater than that of said hydrophobic and anchoring sequences.
• said hydrophilic blocks have a hydrophilicity such that the solubility parameter of the monomers of the hydrophilic block is greater than 22.5 J 1/2 / cm 3 ' 2 , more preferably still greater than 24 J 1/2 / cm 32 .
• the monomer units constituting the macromonomers, used to prepare the sequence (s) of hydrophilic nature will preferably be chosen from:
• R 9 is polyethylene glycol.
• graft copolymers according to the invention are prepared by the radical route ("macromonomer” technique), from macromonomers such as:
• the molecular weight of the graft copolymer is between 5,000 and 25,000, preferably between 10,000 and 20,000.
• Said copolymers can be prepared by radical copolymerization from macromonomers and / or by grafting of functionalized polymers on a preformed chain, and therefore have a well-controlled structure.
• This synthesis mode also offers the possibility of adjusting the molecular mass of the anchoring sequence, in order to increase the adsorption rate of the copolymers on the particles, both mineral and organic, as well as that of the side chains. , improving their compatibility with the continuous phase.
• graft copolymers according to the invention for the preparation of pigment concentrates, a dispersion state is obtained which is higher than that obtained from the dispersants of the prior art.
• the high molecular weight of the products according to the invention makes it possible to prepare pigment concentrates without elongation resin.
• the radical copolymerization is preferably carried out at a temperature between 50 ° C and 140 ° C, and the grafting reaction at a temperature preferably between 20 ° C and 150 ° C.
• the order of addition of the monomers during the radical copolymerization is as follows:
• the macromonomers of high molecular mass and therefore less reactive, are incorporated from the start in the reactor, with the solvent;
• the comonomer (s) constituting the main chain which are more reactive, are introduced continuously over time, so that their concentration is always low compared to that of the macromonomers.
• a process for the preparation of a graft copolymer as defined above comprising at least three sequences of distinct chemical nature, among which an anchoring sequence on the solid particles, one or more sequence (s) with character hydrophobic and one or more sequence (s) of hydrophilic nature, in which the main chain is an anchoring sequence on the solid particles, characterized in that the radical copolymerization of: i) said first monomer (s) comprising at least one basic nitrogen group, in particular monomers of formula I above, and said second monomers comprising an aromatic group, in particular monomers of formula II above
• R 6 R 8 (, hopefully) where R, R 5 , R 6 , and R 8 have the meanings given above.
• R4, R5, R6 and R9 are as defined above.
• the invention also relates to said copolymer in the form of one of its salts, obtained by quaternization or neutralization of the basic functions.
• the subject of the present invention is a liquid concentrate of mineral fillers comprising a solvent which may also be an aqueous or organic solvent, colorless mineral fillers useful for the manufacture of paints, preferably carbonate, silicate, silica and / or sulfate, and additives, characterized in that it comprises a graft copolymer as defined above.
• liquid a fluid whose rheological characteristics measured at 20 ° C. are as follows:
• the liquid mineral filler concentrate according to the invention comprises a dry extract of mineral filler, preferably greater than or equal to 70%.
• the liquid concentrate according to the present invention comprises a dry extract of said graft copolymer whose weight content represents from 10 to 15% of the weight of said liquid concentrate.
• the present invention also relates to a process for preparing paint using a liquid mineral filler concentrate according to the invention, which is mixed with the other constituents of the paint, such as dyes, binders in an organic or aqueous medium, and other additives, in particular drying agents or bactericidal agents, anti-foaming agents as explained in Example 3..
• the various components are added in a tank, in semi-batch, so as to avoid too great a drift in composition, due to a different reactivity of the various reagents.
• the copolymerization takes place at 80 ° C.
• EHMA macromere 200 g HEMA 10 macromer 44 g
• the reactor is left at 80 ° C. for approximately 10 hours to obtain total conversion.
• the solution obtained, once cooled, has a clear appearance without gel formation.
• the phase change of the copolymer obtained is done by adding it to the aqueous phase and the exchange is done by azeotropic distillation.
• the final suspension of copolymer in the aqueous phase is translucent after cooling.
• Copolymers Nos. 7, 8, 10, 12, 14, 17 and 20 comprise anchor sequences according to the invention.
• Copolymers Nos. 7, 8, 10, 12 and 20 include a preferred anchor sequence.
• copolymers No. 10, 12, and 17 comprise a preferred hydrophobic block according to the invention (EHMA), and the copolymers No. 7, 10, 14, 17 and 20 comprise a preferred hydrophilic block according to the invention (HEMA-10).
• EHMA preferred hydrophobic block according to the invention
• HEMA-10 preferred hydrophilic block according to the invention
• MADAME 2-dimethylaminoethyl metacrylate.
• load modules These liquid concentrates of mineral fillers are hereinafter called "load modules".
• charge modules Liquid concentrates of charge materials are prepared, called charge modules of the following two types:
• the procedure for manufacturing the load modules is as follows, which can be applied to the different types of load materials, comprises the following successive steps:
• This first phase is defined as the mashing phase which makes it possible to wet the surface of the filler with the copolymer; the charge is not yet in its state of maximum dispersion (complete separation of the particles forming charge agglomerates); a mashing time of approximately 20 minutes to 40 minutes according to the characteristics of the load. Some additives are also added during this mashing phase
• the "grinding" operation is carried out by increasing the dispersion speed around 1500 rpm with a significant peripheral speed around 15-20 m / second.
• This designation of grinding it is not a question of grinding the elementary particles of fillers but of dispersing these particles contained in the agglomerates (grinding of the agglomerates).
• the grinding time can vary from 20 minutes to 60 minutes depending on the nature of the load and especially its particle size, its specific surface.
• the second part of additives can be added at the end of grinding.
• the stability test is carried out on the modules but also on the paints made from the mixture of modules. This test is carried out on a module sample which is placed for 3 weeks in an oven at 50 ° C. 3 boxes of 200 ml are prepared and checked before introduction into the oven.
• the compatibility test must make it possible to check the physicochemical behavior of the module mixed with other modules or constituents of a modular paint: resin (binder), solvent, water, etc.
• the module is mixed in predetermined proportions with several constituents in the 50/50 ratio:
• the module will be classified according to the above scale more or less compatible.
• copolymers with hydrophobic blocks with moderate hydrophobicity obtained with macromers EHMA
• hydrophilic blocks with high hydrophilicity obtained with HEMA-10 macromers copolymers 7, 8, 10 and 17 have the best stability and compatibility.
• the modular components are all liquids, therefore storable in tanks, pumpable, dosable automatically and easily mixed.
• the procedure for manufacturing modular paints which can be applied to all mass or volume combinations between the various liquid constituents comprises the following successive steps:
• modules A and H comprising copolymers 10 and 7.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Paints Or Removers (AREA)
• Macromonomer-Based Addition Polymer (AREA)
• Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)

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