EP1351277A2 - Metallhalogenidfüllung und zugehörige Lampe - Google Patents
Metallhalogenidfüllung und zugehörige Lampe Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1351277A2 EP1351277A2 EP03005727A EP03005727A EP1351277A2 EP 1351277 A2 EP1351277 A2 EP 1351277A2 EP 03005727 A EP03005727 A EP 03005727A EP 03005727 A EP03005727 A EP 03005727A EP 1351277 A2 EP1351277 A2 EP 1351277A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- metal halide
- filling
- discharge vessel
- lamp according
- halide lamp
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052689 Holmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052775 Thulium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims 3
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 manganese halide Chemical class 0.000 abstract 2
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 13
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052692 Dysprosium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
- H01J61/18—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
- H01J61/02—Details
- H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
- H01J61/125—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature having an halogenide as principal component
Definitions
- the invention relates to a metal halide fill and associated lamp for a high-pressure discharge lamp according to the preamble of claim 1. It these are in particular fillings for lamps with warm white or neutral white light color.
- the invention also relates to an associated filled therewith Lamp.
- US-A 3,575,630 describes a lamp containing a metal halide filling with the elements Na, Tl, and Zr and has a warm white light color.
- EP-A 883 160 lamp described. It has a metal halide filling with the elements Na, Sc, and other ingredients like Mn. This lamp is dimmable.
- Metal halide discharge lamps with a glass discharge vessel and one Sodium-containing fillings are known to have the disadvantage of sodium diffusion the discharge vessel, which reduces the lamp life.
- the sodium diffusion must take additional measures, such as shielding the power supply in the vicinity of the discharge vessel, reducing the manufacturing cost of the lamp elevated.
- Another disadvantage of sodium-containing metal halide discharge lamps is their relatively low color rendering.
- a filling for metal halide lamps is known from DE-A 35 12 757 which contains a metal silicide such as V 5 Si 3 .
- the filling contains rare earth or Sc halide and the corresponding rare earth oxyhalide and / or Sc oxide.
- the silicide acts here as a halogen getter.
- FIG. 1 shows a color locus diagram of a metal halide lamp, which is based on two sides with a power of 250 W and a neutral white Filling (HQI-TS 250W / NDL from OSRAM) as an example, which contains a Na-containing metal halide filling has.
- the performance of the lamp was measured on an electronic ballast reduced to half their luminous flux in steps of approximately 250W to 160W. As the power decreases, the color locus of the lamp moves out of range the straight line of Judd. The lamp becomes increasingly greenish.
- a metal halide filling which consists of V and Mn halides consists. These can advantageously be combined with other halides of the elements Cs, Dy, Tl, Ho, Tm can be combined.
- Another advantageous aspect of the invention is that the metal halide discharge lamp filled therewith is very well dimmable because the color locus changes with decreasing Performance takes place approximately parallel to the Planck curve and thereby high color rendering is retained.
- FIG. 2 An embodiment of a 250 W metal halide lamp 1 is shown schematically in FIG. 2 shown. It comprises a discharge vessel 2 squeezed on both sides Quartz glass from a cylindrical evacuated outer bulb 3 made of tempered glass is enclosed, which is capped on one side. One end of the outer bulb 3 has a rounded tip 17, whereas the other end has a screw base 12 has.
- a holding frame 6 fixes the discharge vessel 2 axially inside of the outer bulb 3.
- the holding frame 6 consists of two lead wires, from which the one with the power supply 8 of the discharge vessel 2 near the base connected is.
- the other lead wire is over a solid metal support wire, which extends along the discharge vessel 2, for the power supply remote from the base 9 led.
- the discharge vessel 2 It also has a guide element 15 at the end near the base (in the form of a stamped sheet) and a support 13 near the top 17 in Shape of a partial circle.
- the ends 4, 5 of the discharge vessel 2 have a heat reflective coating 16 provided.
- On the support frame 6 is an additional welded onto a metal plate applied getter material 14.
- the volume of the discharge vessel 2 is approximately 5.2 ml.
- the distance between the electrodes 11 is 27.5 mm.
- the discharge gas contains 56 mbar Ar as the base gas.
- the discharge vessel 2 is preferably operated within an outer bulb 3, which is evacuated for particularly good color rendering. If the burner contains the Penning mixture mentioned above, an outer piston gas mixture with 600 mbar N 2 or 450 mbar CO 2 and an additional 50 mbar Ne is used to increase the service life.
- FIG. 3 shows the spectrum of a lamp with a burning time of 100 h according to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 2, the discharge vessel of which contains 12.2 mg Hg and the metal halide filling according to Table 1. filling Metal halide content (% by weight) Total mass (mg) CsI Dyl 3 TII Get 3 Tml 3 Mnl 2 Vl 2 7.0 14.3 29.4 9.9 9.0 9.0 26.1 2.3
- the lamp power is 247 W.
- the lamp according to the exemplary embodiment thus has a significantly better color rendering as lamps with sodium-containing metal halide fillings and one around 5 Im / W higher luminous efficacy than lamps with Mn-containing metal halide fillings without V.
- Fig. 4 shows the color locus of a lamp HQI-T 250W / NDL according to the above Embodiment according to FIG. 2, on an electronic ballast was operated. At 160 W the luminous flux reaches half the value of 250 W. According to Fig. 4, the color locus migration takes place with decreasing power of 250 W to 160 W approximately parallel to the Planck curve (a) and reaches the Daylight curve (b). The distances to the Planck curve and daylight curve are smaller than three threshold value units. The lamp remains white Light color.
- 5 and 6 show the general color rendering index Ra and special color rendering index R9 as a function of lamp power.
- 5 and 6 With decreasing performance 5 and 6 remain with the lamp HQI-T 250W / NDL with the Mn-V-containing Filling the general color rendering index Ra greater than 88 and the special color rendering index R9 greater than 54.
- the lamp HQI-TS 250W / NDL decrease with the Na-containing filling the values for the general color rendering index 77 and the special color rendering index R9 to -48.
- a ratio of Mn halide: V halide of 5: 1 to 20: 1 is preferred.
- a filling containing the following proportions of metal halides is advantageous: Cs-Hal. 10 to 20% by weight, Dy-Hal. 25 to 35% by weight, TI-Hal. 6 to 12% by weight, Ho-Hal. 8 to 14% by weight, Tm-Hal. 8 to 14% by weight, Mn-Hal. 23 to 30% by weight and V-Hal. 1 to 4% by weight.
- the halides of Cs, Dy, TlHo and / or Tm can be added. In order to have a measurable influence, one is recommended Minimum amount of 0.1% by weight.
Landscapes
- Discharge Lamp (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Figur 1
- ein Farbortdiagramm für eine Lampe aus dem Stand der Technik
- Figur 2
- eine Metallhalogenidlampe gemäß der Erfindung im Schnitt
- Figur 3
- ein Spektrum einer Lampe gemäß Figur 2
- Figur 4
- ein Farbortdiagramm einer Lampe gemäß Figur 2
- Figur 5
- den Farbwiedergabeindex Ra einer Lampe gemäß Figur 2
- Figur 6
- den Rotwiedergabeindex R9 einer Lampe gemäß Figur 2
Füllung | Anteil Metallhalogenid (Gew.-%) | ||||||
Gesamtmasse (mg) | Csl | Dyl3 | Tll | Hol3 | Tml3 | Mnl2 | Vl2 |
7.0 | 14.3 | 29.4 | 9.9 | 9.0 | 9.0 | 26.1 | 2.3 |
Claims (15)
- Metallhalogenidfüllung zur Bildung einer ionisierbaren Füllung mit mindestens einem Inertgas, Quecksilber, mit mindestens einem Halogen, wobei die Füllung Mangan umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Füllung zumindest die Bestandteile Mn-Halogenid und V-Halogenid umfasst.
- Metallhalogenidfüllung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens ein Halogenid der Metalle aus der Gruppe Cs, Dy, Tl, Ho, Tm zusätzlich verwendet wird.
- Metallhalogenidlampe mit einem Entladungsgefäß (2) sowie zwei Elektroden (11) und mit einer darin enthaltenen Füllung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Füllmenge an V 0,01 bis 25 µmol pro ml Volumen des Entladungsgefäßes beträgt
- Metallhalogenidlampe nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Füllmenge an Mn 0,01 bis 50 µmol pro ml Volumen des Entladungsgefäßes beträgt.
- Metallhalogenidlampe nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verhältnis Mn:V zwischen 0,3 und 120 beträgt.
- Metallhalogenidlampe nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Füllung zusätzlich Cs in einer Menge von 0 bis 30 µmol pro ml Volumen des Entladungsgefäßes enthält.
- Metallhalogenidlampe nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Füllung zusätzlich Dy in einer Menge von 0 bis 35 µmol pro ml Volumen des Entladungsgefäßes enthält.
- Metallhalogenidlampe nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Füllung zusätzlich Tl in einer Menge von 0 bis 15 µmol pro ml Volumen des Entladungsgefäßes enthält.
- Metallhalogenidlampe nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Füllung zusätzlich Ho in einer Menge von 0 bis 18 µmol pro ml Volumen des Entladungsgefäßes enthält.
- Metallhalogenidlampe nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Füllung zusätzlich Tm in einer Menge von 0 bis 18 µmol pro ml Volumen des Entladungsgefäßes enthält.
- Metallhalogenidlampe nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Halogene zur Bildung von Halogeniden Jod und/oder Brom verwendet sind.
- Metallhalogenidlampe nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Entladungsgefäß (2) innerhalb eines Außenkolbens (3) angeordnet ist.
- Metallhalogenidlampe nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Raum zwischen Entladungsgefäß und Außenkolben evakuiert ist oder eine Gasfüllung enthält.
- Metallhalogenidlampe nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gasfüllung aus 100 bis 700 mbar N2 besteht oder aus 50 bis 500 mbar CO2 besteht.
- Metallhalogenidlampe nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Gasfüllung zusätzlich 1 bis 500 mbar Ne enthält.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10214631 | 2002-04-02 | ||
DE10214631A DE10214631A1 (de) | 2002-04-02 | 2002-04-02 | Metallhalogenidfüllung und zugehörige Lampe |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1351277A2 true EP1351277A2 (de) | 2003-10-08 |
EP1351277A3 EP1351277A3 (de) | 2006-04-12 |
EP1351277B1 EP1351277B1 (de) | 2007-01-17 |
Family
ID=27816114
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03005727A Expired - Lifetime EP1351277B1 (de) | 2002-04-02 | 2003-03-13 | Metallhalogenidfüllung und zugehörige Lampe |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6946797B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1351277B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP4365127B2 (de) |
KR (1) | KR100988127B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1316551C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE352098T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2424224A1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE10214631A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7671537B2 (en) * | 2004-03-08 | 2010-03-02 | Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. | Metal halide lamp |
DE202004009859U1 (de) * | 2004-06-23 | 2004-09-16 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Gestell für eine Entladungslampe |
US20080001543A1 (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2008-01-03 | Takahito Kashiwagi | Metal Halide Lamp and Lighting Equipment |
US7847484B2 (en) * | 2004-12-20 | 2010-12-07 | General Electric Company | Mercury-free and sodium-free compositions and radiation source incorporating same |
DE202005005202U1 (de) | 2005-04-01 | 2006-08-10 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Metallhalogenidlampe |
DE102005026208A1 (de) * | 2005-06-07 | 2006-12-14 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Metallhalogenid-Hochdruckentladungslampe |
DE102005026207A1 (de) * | 2005-06-07 | 2006-12-14 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Metallhalogenid-Hochdruckentladungslampe |
DE102006025947A1 (de) * | 2006-06-02 | 2007-12-06 | Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH | Metallhalogenidfüllung für eine elektrische Hochdruckentladungslampe und zugehörige Lampe |
JP5045065B2 (ja) * | 2006-11-06 | 2012-10-10 | 岩崎電気株式会社 | セラミックメタルハライドランプ |
KR101035852B1 (ko) * | 2008-11-24 | 2011-05-19 | (주)서경테크 | 이미지 이중변환 라이트패널 |
CN112203377B (zh) * | 2019-06-21 | 2023-04-14 | 四川联恺照明有限公司 | 一种色温调节方法、色温调节装置以及光源组件 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3331982A (en) * | 1964-10-20 | 1967-07-18 | Sylvania Electric Prod | High pressure electric discharge device having a fill including vanadium |
GB1235299A (en) * | 1967-09-25 | 1971-06-09 | Gen Electric | Mercury-metallic halide vapor lamp with regenerative cycle |
US3720855A (en) * | 1972-02-28 | 1973-03-13 | Gte Laboratories Inc | Electric discharge lamp |
DE19907301A1 (de) * | 1999-02-22 | 2000-08-24 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Metallhalogenidlampe |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3575630A (en) * | 1968-05-15 | 1971-04-20 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | High pressure mercury vapor discharge lamp containing zirconium iodide |
DE3512757A1 (de) | 1985-04-10 | 1986-10-23 | Philips Patentverwaltung Gmbh, 2000 Hamburg | Metallhalogenid-hochdruckgasentladungslampe |
US5327042A (en) * | 1992-07-02 | 1994-07-05 | Osram Sylvania Inc. | Metal halide lamp |
JPH11238488A (ja) | 1997-06-06 | 1999-08-31 | Toshiba Lighting & Technology Corp | メタルハライド放電ランプ、メタルハライド放電ランプ点灯装置および照明装置 |
-
2002
- 2002-04-02 DE DE10214631A patent/DE10214631A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-03-13 AT AT03005727T patent/ATE352098T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-03-13 EP EP03005727A patent/EP1351277B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-13 DE DE50306287T patent/DE50306287D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-03-27 US US10/397,534 patent/US6946797B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-03-31 CA CA002424224A patent/CA2424224A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-04-01 KR KR1020030020580A patent/KR100988127B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-04-01 JP JP2003098482A patent/JP4365127B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-04-02 CN CNB031312357A patent/CN1316551C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3331982A (en) * | 1964-10-20 | 1967-07-18 | Sylvania Electric Prod | High pressure electric discharge device having a fill including vanadium |
GB1235299A (en) * | 1967-09-25 | 1971-06-09 | Gen Electric | Mercury-metallic halide vapor lamp with regenerative cycle |
US3720855A (en) * | 1972-02-28 | 1973-03-13 | Gte Laboratories Inc | Electric discharge lamp |
DE19907301A1 (de) * | 1999-02-22 | 2000-08-24 | Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh | Metallhalogenidlampe |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20030184231A1 (en) | 2003-10-02 |
CN1316551C (zh) | 2007-05-16 |
JP2003297282A (ja) | 2003-10-17 |
CA2424224A1 (en) | 2003-10-02 |
ATE352098T1 (de) | 2007-02-15 |
KR100988127B1 (ko) | 2010-10-18 |
JP4365127B2 (ja) | 2009-11-18 |
US6946797B2 (en) | 2005-09-20 |
KR20030079747A (ko) | 2003-10-10 |
DE50306287D1 (de) | 2007-03-08 |
EP1351277B1 (de) | 2007-01-17 |
CN1450587A (zh) | 2003-10-22 |
DE10214631A1 (de) | 2003-10-16 |
EP1351277A3 (de) | 2006-04-12 |
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