EP1309784B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur regelung einer betriebsgrösse einer brennkraftmaschine - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur regelung einer betriebsgrösse einer brennkraftmaschine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1309784B1 EP1309784B1 EP01956349A EP01956349A EP1309784B1 EP 1309784 B1 EP1309784 B1 EP 1309784B1 EP 01956349 A EP01956349 A EP 01956349A EP 01956349 A EP01956349 A EP 01956349A EP 1309784 B1 EP1309784 B1 EP 1309784B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- operating mode
- operating
- internal combustion
- combustion engine
- regulator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/30—Controlling fuel injection
- F02D41/3011—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion
- F02D41/3017—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used
- F02D41/3023—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used a mode being the stratified charge spark-ignited mode
- F02D41/3029—Controlling fuel injection according to or using specific or several modes of combustion characterised by the mode(s) being used a mode being the stratified charge spark-ignited mode further comprising a homogeneous charge spark-ignited mode
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/16—Introducing closed-loop corrections for idling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
- F02D2041/1409—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method using at least a proportional, integral or derivative controller
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1401—Introducing closed-loop corrections characterised by the control or regulation method
- F02D2041/1413—Controller structures or design
- F02D2041/1422—Variable gain or coefficients
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D31/00—Use of speed-sensing governors to control combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02D31/001—Electric control of rotation speed
- F02D31/002—Electric control of rotation speed controlling air supply
- F02D31/003—Electric control of rotation speed controlling air supply for idle speed control
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
- F02P5/00—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
- F02P5/04—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
- F02P5/145—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using electrical means
- F02P5/15—Digital data processing
- F02P5/1502—Digital data processing using one central computing unit
- F02P5/1508—Digital data processing using one central computing unit with particular means during idling
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for controlling an operating variable of an internal combustion engine.
- control systems In modern control systems for internal combustion engines of vehicles control systems are widely used, which a Operating size of the internal combustion engine and / or the vehicle regulate to a predetermined setpoint.
- An example for such control systems are idle speed controllers, by which indicates the engine idle speed a predetermined setpoint is regulated.
- Other examples are control systems for regulating the air flow through the Internal combustion engine, the exhaust gas composition, the torque, etc.
- DE 30 39 435 A1 US patent 4,441,471
- an idle speed control system in which to improve the control properties is provided, at least to design a variable parameter of the controller.
- the proportional portion of the Controller adjusted depending on the size of the control deviation.
- the prior art discloses a switchover from the acceleration mode to cruise control; (DE-C 44 43 219) with a P or PDT1 controller at least partially fixed controller parameters or between operating modes, characterized by the use of various speed controls (EP-A-0936354) with variable controller parameters in each controller type, whereby in the different operating modes different controller parameters for the operation of one Internal combustion engine can be used.
- an internal combustion engine is used for each operating mode Direct gasoline injection each on this operating mode adjusted optimal control quality in terms of speed and Control stability achieved.
- Figure 1 is an overview circuit diagram of a controller for an operating variable an internal combustion engine using the example of an idle speed controller
- Figure 2 is a flow chart is shown, which is a preferred embodiment represents a controller in which at least one parameter is changed depending on the current operating mode.
- Figure 1 shows an electronic control unit 10 for control an internal combustion engine, the one not shown Computer unit, in which a regulation at least a company size is implemented.
- the regulation is a Idle speed control.
- the regulation can it be an air flow control, a load control, torque regulation, regulation of the exhaust gas composition, the driving speed, etc. act where the corresponding target and actual values as well as control signals are to be used.
- a setpoint value image 12 is shown in FIG. 1, which depending on at least one over the input lines 14 to 18 fed to the control unit 10 Operating variable a setpoint SHOULD for the to be controlled Company size forms.
- an idle speed controller is for Setpoint formation using the variables around motor temperature, the operating status of secondary consumers such as an air conditioning system, etc.
- control unit 10 A signal is fed via the input line 20, which represents the actual size of the farm size to be controlled. Should- and actual size are compared in the comparator 22.
- the deviation between target and actual size is called Control deviation ⁇ supplied to controllers 24 and 25.
- At least one this controller 24 and 25 has at least one variable Parameters. In the preferred embodiment there is at least one of these controllers from proportional, differential and integral part, depending on the embodiment each of the shares or only one or more shares are variable, both depending on company sizes as well as in terms of switching depending on the operating mode the internal combustion engine.
- the Controller 24 as a function of the control deviation ⁇ at least an output signal ⁇ 1, which at least one of the control variables the internal combustion engine influenced by one cause rapid torque change of the internal combustion engine.
- These manipulated variables are the ignition angle and / or fuel supply, whereby in homogeneous operation an ignition angle influence, outside of which a fuel quantity control was carried out becomes.
- the second controller 25 also forms depending the control deviation ⁇ in accordance with the implemented control strategy (preferably PD structure) at least one more Output signal ⁇ 2, which is at least one control variable influenced, which leads to a comparatively slow adjustment of the torque leads.
- control variable represents the air supply, so that the control signal ⁇ 2 an actuator, for example a throttle valve, to influence the air supply to the internal combustion engine controls.
- each part forms controller 24 or controller 25 a controller output signal, which merges (e.g. adds) the output signal Form ⁇ 1 or ⁇ 2.
- the different proportions of the controller 24 and / or the Regulator 25 have parameters, for example gain factors, depending on the version, the value of which may be is changeable, d. H. between at least two values or Characteristic curves can be switched.
- an idle control is usually a controller with proportional, integral and differential component used.
- a controller is used to adjust the ignition angle, another to adjust the filling (air supply).
- stratified charging or in homogeneous Lean operation is an adjustment of the engine torque only about the amount of fuel, not about the amount of air possible. It differs in these operating modes hence the dynamic behavior of the internal combustion engine from that in homogeneous operation.
- the time of the torque determining Intervention in relation to the top dead center of the cylinder is different in these operating modes. This gives another dead time of the controlled system. Also lets a large change in torque by changing the amount of fuel Realize much faster than in homogeneous operation.
- At least one parameter of controller 24 and / or 25 is shown in Dependence on one mode signal between different Values (individual values or characteristic curves) switched. This is generated in 30 depending on the current operating mode and via line 32 or 34 to the respective controller Switching fed. Take the parameter values into account the optimal adaptation of the controller to the changing System dynamics. In this respect, the idle controller is under Use of operating mode dependent parameter sets better adapted to the route dynamics. In addition to switching the parameter values depending on the operating mode In one embodiment, all parameter values are additional Functions of the control deviation.
- the controller 25 which represents the air fraction, switched off, for example by its controller output signal or its parameter values set to 0 becomes.
- the controller parameter values are determined by the switching signal of the controller 24, there in the preferred embodiment of the proportional, integral and differential components, matched to those for the new operating mode Values set. The following must be considered as the operating mode all shift operation and homogeneous lean operation. Corresponding is used when switching between shift operation and homogeneous lean operation method. Here too there is a parameter value switchover made in controller 24. The controller 25 for the slow intervention remains switched off.
- FIG. 2 is a program of the computer unit of the control unit 10.
- the flowchart shows special ones Refinements of the controllers 24 and 25.
- the control deviation ⁇ is fed to the controllers as a deviation between actual and target value (actual and target speed).
- controller 24 is an integrator 100, an amplifier stage 102 and a differential stage 104 provided while in the preferred embodiment an amplifier stage 106 in the controller 25 for the slow path and a differential stage 108 are provided.
- controller 24 is an integrator 100, an amplifier stage 102 and a differential stage 104 provided while in the preferred embodiment an amplifier stage 106 in the controller 25 for the slow path and a differential stage 108 are provided.
- the control strategy shown each represents only a preferred embodiment.
- the described procedure for switching parameter values depending on the operating mode of the internal combustion engine is also used for other controller structures with the corresponding Advantages used.
- the idle controller shown in Figure 2 is used of mode-dependent parameter sets better adapted to the route dynamics.
- the control deviation ⁇ becomes preferably by subtracting the target speed from the Actual engine speed IS calculated.
- the output signal DMLLRI of the integral part 100 is obtained by integrating the control deviation ⁇ over time in integrator 100 and subsequent Gain (multiplication) in amplifier stage 110 educated.
- the integrator output signal multiplied by a parameter KI, which each assumes different values depending on the current operating mode.
- a switching means 112 is provided for selecting the parameter values, which depending on the supplied via line 32 Operating mode signal BDEMOD is switched.
- the Signal BDEMOD contains information about the current operating mode the internal combustion engine.
- a proportional share exists. Its output signal DMLLRP is implemented in amplifier stage 102 by linking (Multiplication) of the control deviation ⁇ by a proportional gain factor KP formed. This factor too has different values depending on the operating mode. This Selection takes place by means of a switching means 114 as specified of the operating mode signal BDEMOD. Here too Shift operation one or more first parameter values KPSCH, in homogeneous lean operation one or more second values KPHMM and selected third values KPHOM in homogeneous operation.
- the differential portion of the controller 24 is formed by temporal differentiation of the control deviation ⁇ in the differentiator 104 and subsequent linking (multiplication) the result of the differentiation in the amplifier stage 116.
- This is where the result of the differentiation level is linked 104 with a predetermined parameter KD instead, which differs depending on the current operating mode Assumes values.
- the selection is made using a Switching means 118 as a function of the above-mentioned operating mode signal BDemod. So in shift operation it becomes a parameter value KDSCH fed to multiplication, in homogeneous lean operation a value KDHMM and a value in homogeneous operation KDHOM.
- the output signal DMLLRD is in an addition point 120 with the output signal DMLLRP of the proportional portion linked to the controller output signal DMLLR.
- Addition point 122 becomes this controller output signal the output signal DMLLRI of the integral component is applied.
- the output signal of stage 122 forms the drive signal ⁇ 1, through which an adjustment in homogeneous operation the ignition angle and in the shift mode and homogeneous lean operation an adjustment of the injected Fuel mass takes place.
- the control signal ⁇ 1 acts on the so-called fast path, since with the represented Intervention options a quick change of Torque of the internal combustion engine is made possible.
- the controller 25 operates the slow one as shown above Path, the intervention on the amount of air supplied.
- This path is only used in homogeneous operation to set the torque used while in lean modes like Shift operation or homogeneous lean operation from the consumption advantage benefits from dethrottling the internal combustion engine. Therefore, a switching element 124 is provided, which of the shown position switches to its second position and so that the controller 25 switches to the outside when the The homogeneous mode is set.
- a corresponding one Switching signal is supplied via line 34. In all other operating modes, the switching element 124 takes shown position, so that as the output signal ⁇ 2 of Regulator 25 has the value 0.
- the formation of the controller output signal DMLLRL or ⁇ 2 of the controller 25 takes place in the Amplifier stage 106 by multiplying the system deviation ⁇ with a factor KPLHOM for homogeneous operation. Corresponding becomes the control deviation ⁇ in the differentiation stage 108 differentiated and then in the multiplication level 126 multiplied by the factor KDLHOM.
- the output signals of the proportional and differential parts are in the link 128 to the controller output signal DMLLRL merged, which in the addition point 130 with the Output signal DMLLRI of the integral component 100, 110 is applied becomes.
- the output of node 130 forms the output signal ⁇ 2 of the controller 25, which like said above only in the operating mode homogeneous operation to the outside acts.
- the individual parameter values for the individual operating modes are tailored to the specific requirements of the respective controlled system customized. Experience has shown that in many In shifts, smaller values must be specified than in the other modes.
- controller becomes a in other embodiments other control strategy used, e.g. can depending on the embodiment the differential parts are dispensed with.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Ignition Timing (AREA)
- Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (9)
- Verfahren zur Regelung einer Betriebsgröße einer Brennkraftmaschine, bei deren Betrieb zwischen wenigstens zwei Betriebsarten umgeschaltet wird, wobei in Abhängigkeit der Abweichung zwischen einem Soll- und einem Istwert für die Betriebsgröße wenigstens ein Reglerausgangssignal nach Maßgabe wenigstens eines veränderlichen Parameters des Reglers gebildet wird, durch welches die zu regelnde Betriebsgröße beeinflusst wird, wobei bei einem Wechsel der Betriebsart der Brennkraftmaschine eine Umschaltung des Wertes des wenigstens einen Parameters vorgenommen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Brennkraftmaschine eine Brennkraftmaschine mit Benzindirekteinspritzung ist, bei der zwischen den Betriebsarten Schichtbetrieb, Homogenmagerbetrieb und Homogenbetrieb mit Drosselung umgeschaltet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Reglerausgangssignal in der Betriebsart Homogenbetrieb den Zündwinkel, in ungedrosselten Betriebsarten die Kraftstoffzufuhr beeinflusst.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Regler einen Integral- und/oder einen Proportional- und/oder einen Differenzialanteil umfasst.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in Abhängigkeit eines Signals, welches die aktuelle Betriebsart repräsentiert, der Wert des wenigstens einen Parameters auf Werte umgeschaltet wird, die auf das Streckenverhalten in der speziellen Betriebsart angepasst sind.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ausgangssignal im gedrosselten Betrieb die Luftzufuhr zur Brennkraftmaschine beeinflusst, wobei das Ausgangssignal außerhalb des gedrosselten Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine unwirksam geschaltet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der wenigstens eine Parameter ferner abhängig von der Regelabweichung ist.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das die Werte des wenigstens einen Parameters von der Betriebsart abhängige Festwerte oder aus nach Maßgabe der Betriebsart ausgewählten Kennlinien gebildeten betriebsgrößenabhängige Werte sind.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Regler ein Leerlaufdrehzahlregler oder eine Fahrgeschwindigkeitsregler ist.
- Vorrichtung zur Regelung einer Betriebsgröße einer Brennkraftmaschine, bei deren Betrieb zwischen wenigstens zwei Betriebsarten umgeschaltet wird, mit einem Regler, welcher in Abhängigkeit der Abweichung zwischen einem Soll- und einem Istwert für die Betriebsgröße wenigstens ein Reglerausgangssignal nach Maßgabe wenigstens eines veränderlichen Parameters des Reglers bildet, wobei das Ausgangssignal die Betriebsgröße beeinflusst, wobei der Regler ferner ein die aktuelle Betriebsart kennzeichnendes Signal empfängt und in Abhängigkeit dieses Signals eine Umschaltung des Wertes des wenigstens einen Parameters vorgenommen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Brennkraftmaschine eine Brennkraftmaschine mit Benzindirekteinspritzung ist, bei der zwischen den Betriebsarten Schichtbetrieb, Homogenmagerbetrieb und Homogenbetrieb mit Drosselung umgeschaltet wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10038991 | 2000-08-10 | ||
DE10038991A DE10038991A1 (de) | 2000-08-10 | 2000-08-10 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regelung einer Betriebsgröße einer Brennkraftmaschine |
PCT/DE2001/002745 WO2002012700A1 (de) | 2000-08-10 | 2001-07-20 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur regelung einer betriebsgrösse einer brennkraftmaschine |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1309784A1 EP1309784A1 (de) | 2003-05-14 |
EP1309784B1 true EP1309784B1 (de) | 2004-12-08 |
Family
ID=7651929
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01956349A Expired - Lifetime EP1309784B1 (de) | 2000-08-10 | 2001-07-20 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur regelung einer betriebsgrösse einer brennkraftmaschine |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20030168036A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1309784B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2004506122A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20030036680A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1436280A (de) |
DE (2) | DE10038991A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2002012700A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102005046751B4 (de) * | 2005-09-29 | 2009-04-16 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung einer Brennkraftmaschine |
JP4496162B2 (ja) * | 2005-12-19 | 2010-07-07 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 内燃機関の点火時期制御装置および方法 |
DE102007011812B4 (de) * | 2007-03-12 | 2011-04-14 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines Antriebssystems |
US20100288225A1 (en) * | 2009-05-14 | 2010-11-18 | Pfefferle William C | Clean air reciprocating internal combustion engine |
US11085393B2 (en) * | 2017-05-24 | 2021-08-10 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Control method and control device for internal combustion engine |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3152106B2 (ja) * | 1995-05-16 | 2001-04-03 | 三菱自動車工業株式会社 | 筒内噴射型火花点火式内燃エンジンの制御装置 |
JP3211677B2 (ja) * | 1996-08-28 | 2001-09-25 | 三菱自動車工業株式会社 | 筒内噴射式内燃機関の点火時期制御装置 |
JP3500021B2 (ja) * | 1996-12-12 | 2004-02-23 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 成層燃焼内燃機関のアイドル回転数制御装置 |
EP1380744B1 (de) * | 1997-06-03 | 2009-07-29 | Nissan Motor Company, Limited | Maschine mit Momentsteuerung |
DE19727385C2 (de) * | 1997-06-27 | 2002-10-10 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | System zum Betreiben einer Brennkraftmaschine mit Direkteinspritzung insbesondere eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
US6161530A (en) * | 1997-07-04 | 2000-12-19 | Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. | Control system for internal combustion engine |
US5975048A (en) * | 1997-10-16 | 1999-11-02 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Idle speed control system for direct injection spark ignition engines |
JP3971004B2 (ja) * | 1997-12-19 | 2007-09-05 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 内燃機関の燃焼切換制御装置 |
DE19851974B4 (de) * | 1998-11-03 | 2011-04-28 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Steuerung von Betriebsabläufen in einem Fahrzeug |
JP2000220504A (ja) * | 1999-01-27 | 2000-08-08 | Mazda Motor Corp | 筒内噴射式エンジンのアイドル回転数制御装置 |
DE19931826B4 (de) * | 1999-07-08 | 2004-09-02 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Verfahren zum Steuern einer Brennkraftmaschine |
US6321714B1 (en) * | 2000-01-13 | 2001-11-27 | Ford Global Technologies, Inc. | Hybrid operating mode for DISI engines |
-
2000
- 2000-08-10 DE DE10038991A patent/DE10038991A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2001
- 2001-07-20 JP JP2002517959A patent/JP2004506122A/ja not_active Abandoned
- 2001-07-20 WO PCT/DE2001/002745 patent/WO2002012700A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2001-07-20 DE DE2001504772 patent/DE50104772D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-20 KR KR10-2003-7001857A patent/KR20030036680A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2001-07-20 US US10/344,257 patent/US20030168036A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-07-20 EP EP01956349A patent/EP1309784B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-07-20 CN CN01810966A patent/CN1436280A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE10038991A1 (de) | 2002-02-21 |
US20030168036A1 (en) | 2003-09-11 |
EP1309784A1 (de) | 2003-05-14 |
CN1436280A (zh) | 2003-08-13 |
KR20030036680A (ko) | 2003-05-09 |
WO2002012700A1 (de) | 2002-02-14 |
JP2004506122A (ja) | 2004-02-26 |
DE50104772D1 (de) | 2005-01-13 |
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