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EP1231326A1 - Pressure injection head - Google Patents

Pressure injection head Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1231326A1
EP1231326A1 EP02290261A EP02290261A EP1231326A1 EP 1231326 A1 EP1231326 A1 EP 1231326A1 EP 02290261 A EP02290261 A EP 02290261A EP 02290261 A EP02290261 A EP 02290261A EP 1231326 A1 EP1231326 A1 EP 1231326A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injection head
conduit
nozzle
injection
line
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02290261A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1231326B1 (en
Inventor
Jacques C/O Compagnie du Sol Morey
Jean-Claude c/o Compagnie du Sol Gessay
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Compagnie du Sol SARL
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Compagnie du Sol SARL
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1231326A1 publication Critical patent/EP1231326A1/en
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Publication of EP1231326B1 publication Critical patent/EP1231326B1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is an injection head under pressure of a liquid to drill an excavation in the ground and in particular an injection head for implementing the technique known as Anglo-Saxon term of "jet grouting".
  • jet grouting consists in disaggregating the ground using a very high kinetic energy liquid jet set up works in a borehole, the jet of liquid causing soil erosion in which one wants to carry out an excavation.
  • a nozzle which is attached to the end of the drill rods, these rods allowing both the routing to the nozzle or the nozzles of the liquid under high pressure and progressive translation of the nozzle in the ground.
  • the nozzle (s) are mounted on a member called the most often monitor or injection head which is attached to the lower end of the drill string, this monitor can itself be equipped at its end bottom of a mechanical drilling tool.
  • the liquid used most often is a cement-based grout that will allow, after drilling, to make a cement floor element molded into the ground in square.
  • the liquid which is carried by the rods is sent from the surface by a pump at pressures from one to several tens of MPa.
  • the internal diameter of the rods conveying the liquid must be sufficient great for limiting pressure drops in the rods. This diameter can typically be of the order of 20 to 50 mm.
  • the diameter of nozzle outlet should be small enough to print liquid a sufficient speed at its exit in order to erode the ground at a distance. Typically, the outlet diameter of the nozzle is included, the more often between 2 and 5 mm and the speed of the liquid leaving the nozzle is one to several hundred meters per second.
  • the inner shape of the nozzle is optimized to keep the liquid jet as high a speed as possible as the jet moves away from the nozzle towards the ground so that it can erode the ground the most possible by using a minimum of kinetic energy.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown the injection head described in this patent.
  • the injection head 10 comprises a body 12 having a side wall 14 defining an internal cavity.
  • a buzzard of pressurized liquid injection 16 is mounted in the external wall 14 of the monitor.
  • This figure also shows elements 18 for connection to the drill string and elements 20 and 22 of connection to the liquid pressure line and to a line annular air circulating in the rods to simultaneously supply the liquid nozzle and an annular air nozzle 16.
  • the nozzle 16 is supplied from the line 22 for conveying the liquid under pressure through a passage 24 provided in the body of the monitor 10 and by a tube 26 connecting the end of this passage to the inlet of the nozzle 16.
  • the tubing 26 which has a constant section has a curvature regular in order to limit the disturbances of the liquid under pressure between the drill pipe and the nozzle 16 itself.
  • the injection nozzle has a very small diameter compared to the diameter of the pipe used to convey the pressurized liquid to through the rods. The solution described in the mentioned US patent above is therefore not fully satisfactory.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a head especially for the implementation of the jet grouting which allows to improve more significantly the quality of the jet provided by the nozzle (s) the injection head mounted at the lower end of the drill string.
  • the head for pressure injection of a soil erosion liquid mounted at the end of a train of rods or tubes, said train comprising supply means under liquid pressure
  • said head comprising a body having an upper end for connection to the lower end of the drill string or of tubes and an external wall, body in which is mounted at least one injection nozzle whose inlet diameter is equal to d , and which has an axis x, x ', and means forming a conduit for connecting the supply of liquid to the inlet of said nozzle
  • said injection head being characterized in that said means forming conduit have a medium line, the first end of which is connected to the lower end of the liquid supply pipe and the second end of which is connected tangentially to the axis x, x 'of the nozzle, said medium line being defined by at least one portion of the curve having a continuously varying radius of curvature, the cross section of said duct means decreasing regularly over at least half of its length from its first end to its second end.
  • the quality and direction of the jet produced by the nozzle are significantly improved due to the gradual reduction and regular cross-section of the duct forming means, for example tubing, at least half its length from its end connection to the pressurized liquid supply line until it is connected to the inlet port of the injection nozzle.
  • This characteristic combined with the fact that the mean line of means forming a conduit has a radius of curvature, which varies regularly, minimizes disruption of liquid flow in this tubing and therefore to obtain a jet whose energy is maximum and whose erosive power is kept at a maximum distance from the nozzle in the field.
  • the axis of said supply line substantially coincides with the body axis of the injection head and the middle line of the conduit means comprises a first part of the curve extending between the first end and an intermediate point with a regular curvature, the concavity has a first sign and a second portion of the curve between said intermediate point and the second end having a regular curvature whose concavity has an opposite sign.
  • the liquid line under pressure extends into said injection head and the first end of the conduit means is a side tap on said pipe substantially tangential to said pipe.
  • the injection head 30 shown in Figure 2 has a body 32 consisting of a cylindrical side wall 34, one end lower 36 comprising means, for example a thread 38, of attachment of a mechanical drilling tool and an upper end 40.
  • This upper end 40 comprises on the one hand a thread 42 of connection to the lower end of a drill pipe 44 and other share an internal sleeve 46 for connection to the pipe 48 formed in the drill pipe 44 for conveying the pressurized liquid which is most often, as we have already indicated, a grout.
  • the annular space 50 between the rod borehole 44 and the pipe 48 is used to convey pressurized air. he goes of course, in some embodiments, we would not find this annular space.
  • the side wall 34 of the injection head is provided with an injection nozzle 50 of axis x, x '.
  • the axis x, x 'of the nozzle 50 is substantially perpendicular to the vertical axis z, z 'of the injection head but, in other embodiments, the axis could make an angulation with the horizontal, for example, between + 15 degrees and - 15 degrees.
  • the nozzle can be in horizontal projection, perpendicular to the external wall of the monitor (nozzle 50 'in FIG. 4) or substantially tangential to this wall (nozzle 50 "in Figure 5) or its axis xx 'can occupy any orientation intermediate.
  • a tube 54 used to connect the supply 46 in pressurized liquid at the inlet 50a of the nozzle 50.
  • S1 is called the cross section of the pipe 46 for supplying pressurized liquid and s1 the straight section of the inlet of the nozzle 50.
  • the pipe 54 of which call L the middle line has a first end 56 of connection to line 46 and a second end 58 of connection to the nozzle.
  • the first end 56 of the tubing 54 has a straight section S'1 equal to section S1 and its second end has a straight section s'1 equal to the section s1 of the nozzle.
  • the cross section of the tubing 54 that is to say the section of this tubing by planes orthogonal to the mean line L decreases regularly from the value S'1 to the value s'1.
  • the tubing 54 may include portions of cylindrical tubing of very limited length.
  • the cross section of the tubing can be circular but it can also have an oval shape, an ellipse shape, etc.
  • the terminal sections 56 and 58 are generally circular, but they can also be elliptical.
  • the middle line L of the tube 54 has a non-constant curvature but which varies regularly.
  • the middle line L of the tube 54 comprises a first portion L 1 which goes from the end 56 to an intermediate point A and a second portion L 2 which goes from the intermediate point A to 'at the second end 58.
  • the portion L 1 has a radius of curvature which keeps the same sign, the same applies to the portion L 2 but the sign of this last radius of curvature is the opposite of that of the portion L 1 .
  • the portions L 1 and L 2 are tangentially connected but the mean line L has an inflection point at point A.
  • This embodiment makes it possible in particular thanks to the portion L 2 of the mean line and therefore the corresponding portion of tubing to increase the length of the portion of the tubing having a large radius of curvature in its zone of connection to the nozzle.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to stabilize even better the flow of the liquid under pressure in the tube 54 near the nozzle 50.
  • tubing 54 could have other shapes as soon as when its middle line shows regular variations in curvature and that its cross section decreases significantly regularly from its first end 56 to its second end 58 of connection to the nozzle.
  • Tubing may have only one radius of curvature and also might not have a midline arranged in a plane but be constituted by a form of propeller or spiral, that is, to be a three-dimensional curve.
  • the tube 54 shown in FIG. 2 it is possible to increase the total length of the mean line L of this tube while maintaining the external dimensions of the useful part of the head. injection at reduced values corresponding to the diameter D 1 and the height H 1 .
  • the increase in the length of the tube 54 makes it possible to improve the progressiveness of the reduction in cross section for straight sections given at the two ends of the tube.
  • the diameter D 1 is less than 15 cm and the useful height of the injection head H 1 is less than 50 cm.
  • FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of a monitor according to the invention.
  • This monitor essentially stands out by the fact that the line 48 for supplying pressurized liquid is extends into the monitor via a tool supply pipe 70 mechanical which can be fixed in the threaded sleeve 78. When it is mounted, the tool is supplied by line 70 via a controllable valve 72.
  • the first end 56 'of the tube 54' is a lateral stitching on the pipe 70.
  • this stitching is substantially tangential to the wall of the pipe 70.
  • the middle line L 'of the tubing 54' is a three-curve dimensions.
  • the tubing 54 is an element separate line, mounted in the body of the injection head.
  • the body of the head injection was carried out by molding and that the tubing 54 was produced during of this molding using an appropriate technique.
  • the body of the injection head would be a massive part in which the tube 54 would be formed by a recess.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

The injection head, mounted on the end of a string of rods or pipes delivering a liquid under pressure, comprises a housing (32) with its upper end (40) connected to the rods or pipes, an outer wall (34) and an inner nozzle (50). A curved duct (54) inside the housing is connected at one end to the lower end of the liquid feed pipe (48) and at the other tangentially to the nozzle. The curved portion of the duct is of continuously variable radius and has a regularly reducing cross-section towards the nozzle outlet for at least half its length.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet une tête d'injection sous pression d'un liquide pour forer une excavation dans le sol et notamment une tête d'injection pour la mise en oeuvre de la technique connue sous le terme anglo-saxon de "jet grouting".The subject of the present invention is an injection head under pressure of a liquid to drill an excavation in the ground and in particular an injection head for implementing the technique known as Anglo-Saxon term of "jet grouting".

La technique dite du jet grouting consiste à désagréger le terrain à l'aide d'un jet de liquide à très haute énergie cinétique mis en oeuvre dans un forage, le jet de liquide provoquant l'érosion du sol dans lequel on veut réaliser une excavation. Pour former le jet, on utilise une buse qui est fixée à l'extrémité des tiges de forage, ces tiges permettant à la fois l'acheminement vers la buse ou les buses du liquide sous haute pression et la translation progressive de la buse dans le terrain. Plus précisément, la ou les buses sont montées sur un organe appelé le plus souvent moniteur ou tête d'injection qui est fixé à l'extrémité inférieure du train de tiges, ce moniteur pouvant lui-même être équipé à son extrémité inférieure d'un outil mécanique de forage. Comme on le sait, le liquide utilisé le plus souvent est un coulis à base de ciment qui permettra, après le forage, de réaliser un élément de sol en ciment moulé dans le terrain en place.The technique known as jet grouting consists in disaggregating the ground using a very high kinetic energy liquid jet set up works in a borehole, the jet of liquid causing soil erosion in which one wants to carry out an excavation. To form the jet, we use a nozzle which is attached to the end of the drill rods, these rods allowing both the routing to the nozzle or the nozzles of the liquid under high pressure and progressive translation of the nozzle in the ground. More specifically, the nozzle (s) are mounted on a member called the most often monitor or injection head which is attached to the lower end of the drill string, this monitor can itself be equipped at its end bottom of a mechanical drilling tool. As we know, the liquid used most often is a cement-based grout that will allow, after drilling, to make a cement floor element molded into the ground in square.

Le liquide qui est véhiculé par les tiges est envoyé depuis la surface par une pompe à des pressions de une à plusieurs dizaines de MPa. Le diamètre intérieur des tiges acheminant le liquide doit être assez grand pour limiter les pertes de charge dans les tiges. Ce diamètre peut être typiquement de l'ordre de 20 à 50 mm. En revanche, le diamètre de sortie de la buse doit être suffisamment réduit pour imprimer au jet de liquide une vitesse suffisante à sa sortie afin d'éroder le terrain à distance. Typiquement, le diamètre de sortie de la buse est compris, le plus souvent, entre 2 et 5 mm et la vitesse du liquide en sortie de buse est de une à plusieurs centaines de mètres par seconde.The liquid which is carried by the rods is sent from the surface by a pump at pressures from one to several tens of MPa. The internal diameter of the rods conveying the liquid must be sufficient great for limiting pressure drops in the rods. This diameter can typically be of the order of 20 to 50 mm. On the other hand, the diameter of nozzle outlet should be small enough to print liquid a sufficient speed at its exit in order to erode the ground at a distance. Typically, the outlet diameter of the nozzle is included, the more often between 2 and 5 mm and the speed of the liquid leaving the nozzle is one to several hundred meters per second.

Pour obtenir une grande qualité du jet, il est souhaitable que la forme intérieure de la buse soit optimisée pour conserver au jet de liquide une vitesse aussi élevée que possible au fur et à mesure que le jet s'éloigne de la buse vers le terrain afin qu'il puisse éroder le terrain le plus possible en employant un minimum d'énergie cinétique. Des formes de buses optimisées répondant à cet impératif sont couramment utilisées.To obtain a high quality of the jet, it is desirable that the inner shape of the nozzle is optimized to keep the liquid jet as high a speed as possible as the jet moves away from the nozzle towards the ground so that it can erode the ground the most possible by using a minimum of kinetic energy. Forms of Optimized nozzles meeting this requirement are commonly used.

Cependant, même avec de telles buses, on constate que la perte d'efficacité du jet pour provoquer l'érosion du terrain est rapide, si bien qu'il faut des énergies cinétiques considérables pour que, lorsque l'on fait translater et, éventuellement, tourner les tiges, le terrain soit érodé à une grande distance de la buse par exemple à plusieurs décimètres. Le rayon d'action du jet de liquide sous pression pour former une colonne, un secteur de colonne ou un élément plan reste généralement médiocre de quelques décimètres à 1 ou 2 mètres suivant la méthode de mise en oeuvre, la nature du terrain et l'énergie employée.However, even with such nozzles, it is found that the loss of effectiveness of the jet to cause soil erosion is rapid, if although it takes considerable kinetic energies for that when we causes the rods to translate and eventually rotate, the soil is eroded at a large distance from the nozzle, for example several decimetres. The radius of action of the jet of liquid under pressure to form a column, a column sector or a planar element generally remains poor a few decimeters to 1 or 2 meters depending on the setting method work, the nature of the terrain and the energy used.

Pour augmenter l'action du jet, on a proposé notamment dans le brevet américain 5 228 809 un mode de réalisation de la tête d'injection ou moniteur qui permet d'améliorer la qualité de ce jet.To increase the action of the jet, it has been proposed in particular in US Patent 5,228,809 an embodiment of the injection head or monitor which improves the quality of this jet.

Sur la figure 1 annexée, on a représenté la tête d'injection décrite dans ce brevet. La tête d'injection 10 comporte un corps 12 présentant une paroi latérale 14 définissant une cavité interne. Une buse d'injection de liquide sous pression 16 est montée dans la paroi externe 14 du moniteur. Sur cette figure, on a également représenté des éléments 18 de raccordement au train de tiges et des éléments 20 et 22 de raccordement à la conduite de liquide sous pression et à une conduite annulaire d'air circulant dans les tiges afin d'alimenter simultanément la buse de liquide et une buse annulaire d'air 16. Selon ce brevet, la buse 16 est alimentée à partir de la conduite 22 d'acheminement du liquide sous pression par un passage 24 ménagé dans le corps du moniteur 10 et par une tubulure 26 raccordant l'extrémité de ce passage à l'entrée de la buse 16. La tubulure 26 qui présente une section constante a une courbure régulière afin de limiter les perturbations du liquide sous pression entre la tige de forage et la buse 16 elle-même. Cependant, comme on l'a expliqué, la buse d'injection a un diamètre très réduit par rapport au diamètre de la conduite servant à acheminer le liquide sous pression à travers les tiges. La solution décrite dans le brevet américain mentionné ci-dessus n'est donc pas pleinement satisfaisante.In Figure 1 attached, there is shown the injection head described in this patent. The injection head 10 comprises a body 12 having a side wall 14 defining an internal cavity. A buzzard of pressurized liquid injection 16 is mounted in the external wall 14 of the monitor. This figure also shows elements 18 for connection to the drill string and elements 20 and 22 of connection to the liquid pressure line and to a line annular air circulating in the rods to simultaneously supply the liquid nozzle and an annular air nozzle 16. According to this patent, the nozzle 16 is supplied from the line 22 for conveying the liquid under pressure through a passage 24 provided in the body of the monitor 10 and by a tube 26 connecting the end of this passage to the inlet of the nozzle 16. The tubing 26 which has a constant section has a curvature regular in order to limit the disturbances of the liquid under pressure between the drill pipe and the nozzle 16 itself. However, as we have explained, the injection nozzle has a very small diameter compared to the diameter of the pipe used to convey the pressurized liquid to through the rods. The solution described in the mentioned US patent above is therefore not fully satisfactory.

Un objet de la présente invention est de fournir une tête d'injection notamment pour la mise en oeuvre du jet grouting qui permette d'améliorer plus sensiblement la qualité du jet fourni par la ou les buses de la tête d'injection montée à l'extrémité inférieure du train de tiges.An object of the present invention is to provide a head especially for the implementation of the jet grouting which allows to improve more significantly the quality of the jet provided by the nozzle (s) the injection head mounted at the lower end of the drill string.

Pour atteindre ce but selon l'invention, la tête d'injection sous pression d'un liquide d'érosion du terrain, montée à l'extrémité d'un train de tiges ou de tubes, ledit train comportant des moyens d'alimentation sous pression en liquide, ladite tête comportant un corps ayant une extrémité supérieure de raccordement à l'extrémité inférieure du train de tiges ou de tubes et une paroi externe, corps dans lequel est montée au moins une buse d'injection dont le diamètre d'entrée est égal à d, et qui présente un axe x,x', et des moyens formant conduit pour raccorder l'alimentation en liquide à l'entrée de ladite buse, ladite tête d'injection se caractérisant en ce que lesdits moyens formant conduit présentent une ligne moyenne dont la première extrémité est raccordée à l'extrémité inférieure de la conduite d'alimentation en liquide et dont la deuxième extrémité est raccordée tangentiellement à l'axe x,x' de la buse, ladite ligne moyenne étant définie par au moins une portion de courbe présentant un rayon de courbure variant de façon continue, la section droite desdits moyens formant conduit diminuant de façon régulière sur au moins la moitié de sa longueur depuis sa première extrémité jusqu'à sa deuxième extrémité.To achieve this object according to the invention, the head for pressure injection of a soil erosion liquid, mounted at the end of a train of rods or tubes, said train comprising supply means under liquid pressure, said head comprising a body having an upper end for connection to the lower end of the drill string or of tubes and an external wall, body in which is mounted at least one injection nozzle whose inlet diameter is equal to d , and which has an axis x, x ', and means forming a conduit for connecting the supply of liquid to the inlet of said nozzle, said injection head being characterized in that said means forming conduit have a medium line, the first end of which is connected to the lower end of the liquid supply pipe and the second end of which is connected tangentially to the axis x, x 'of the nozzle, said medium line being defined by at least one portion of the curve having a continuously varying radius of curvature, the cross section of said duct means decreasing regularly over at least half of its length from its first end to its second end.

On comprend que la qualité et la direction du jet produit par la buse sont sensiblement améliorées du fait de la réduction progressive et régulière de la section droite des moyens formant conduit, par exemple une tubulure, sur au moins la moitié de sa longueur depuis son extrémité de raccordement à la conduite d'acheminement du liquide sous pression jusqu'à son raccordement à l'orifice d'entrée de la buse d'injection. Cette caractéristique combinée au fait que la ligne moyenne des moyens formant conduit présente un rayon de courbure, qui varie régulièrement, permet de limiter au maximum les perturbations de l'écoulement de liquide dans cette tubulure et donc d'obtenir un jet dont l'énergie est maximale et dont la puissance érosive est maintenue à une distance maximale de la buse dans le terrain.We understand that the quality and direction of the jet produced by the nozzle are significantly improved due to the gradual reduction and regular cross-section of the duct forming means, for example tubing, at least half its length from its end connection to the pressurized liquid supply line until it is connected to the inlet port of the injection nozzle. This characteristic combined with the fact that the mean line of means forming a conduit has a radius of curvature, which varies regularly, minimizes disruption of liquid flow in this tubing and therefore to obtain a jet whose energy is maximum and whose erosive power is kept at a maximum distance from the nozzle in the field.

Selon un premier mode de mise en oeuvre, l'axe de ladite conduite d'alimentation coïncide sensiblement avec l'axe du corps de la tête d'injection et la ligne moyenne des moyens formant conduit comprend une première partie de courbe s'étendant entre la première extrémité et un point intermédiaire et présentant une courbure régulière dont la concavité présente un premier signe et une deuxième portion de courbe entre ledit point intermédiaire et la deuxième extrémité présentant une courbure régulière dont la concavité présente un signe opposé. According to a first embodiment, the axis of said supply line substantially coincides with the body axis of the injection head and the middle line of the conduit means comprises a first part of the curve extending between the first end and an intermediate point with a regular curvature, the concavity has a first sign and a second portion of the curve between said intermediate point and the second end having a regular curvature whose concavity has an opposite sign.

On comprend que, grâce à la configuration particulière des moyens formant conduit, par exemple la tubulure, avec ses deux portions de courbe, il est possible pour un diamètre externe donné de la tête d'injection d'augmenter la longueur de la tubulure et d'augmenter la longueur de la portion de la tubulure à grand rayon de courbure immédiatement raccordée à la buse.We understand that, thanks to the particular configuration of the means forming a conduit, for example the tubing, with its two portions curve, it is possible for a given external diameter of the head increase the length of the tubing and increase the length of portion of tubing with large radius of curvature immediately connected to the nozzle.

Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation, la conduite de liquide sous pression se prolonge dans ladite tête d'injection et la première extrémité des moyens formant conduit est un piquage latéral sur ladite conduite sensiblement tangentiel à ladite conduite.According to a second embodiment, the liquid line under pressure extends into said injection head and the first end of the conduit means is a side tap on said pipe substantially tangential to said pipe.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaítront mieux à la lecture de la description qui suit de plusieurs modes de réalisation de l'invention donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs. La description se réfère aux figures annexées sur lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 déjà décrite est une vue en coupe verticale d'une tête d'injection connue ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe verticale d'un premier mode de réalisation d'une tête d'injection ou moniteur selon l'invention ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe verticale d'un deuxième mode de réalisation de la tête d'injection ; et
  • les figures 4 et 5 sont des vues partielles en coupe horizontale montrant deux implantations possibles des buses à injection de liquide.
    • Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear better on reading the following description of several embodiments of the invention given by way of non-limiting examples. The description refers to the appended figures in which:
  • Figure 1 already described is a vertical sectional view of a known injection head;
  • Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of a first embodiment of an injection head or monitor according to the invention;
  • Figure 3 is a vertical sectional view of a second embodiment of the injection head; and
  • Figures 4 and 5 are partial views in horizontal section showing two possible locations of the liquid injection nozzles.

    • La tête d'injection 30 représentée sur la figure 2 comporte un corps 32 constitué par une paroi latérale cylindrique 34, une extrémité inférieure 36 comportant des moyens, par exemple un filetage 38, de fixation d'un outil mécanique de forage et une extrémité supérieure 40. Cette extrémité supérieure 40 comporte d'une part un filetage 42 de raccordement à l'extrémité inférieure d'une tige de forage 44 et d'autre part un manchon interne 46 de raccordement à la conduite 48 ménagée dans la tige de forage 44 pour l'acheminement du liquide sous pression qui est le plus souvent, comme on l'a déjà indiqué, un coulis. Dans le mode de réalisation particulier décrit, l'espace annulaire 50 entre la tige de forage 44 et la conduite 48 sert à acheminer de l'air sous pression. Il va de soi que, dans certains modes de réalisation, on ne trouverait pas cet espace annulaire. The injection head 30 shown in Figure 2 has a body 32 consisting of a cylindrical side wall 34, one end lower 36 comprising means, for example a thread 38, of attachment of a mechanical drilling tool and an upper end 40. This upper end 40 comprises on the one hand a thread 42 of connection to the lower end of a drill pipe 44 and other share an internal sleeve 46 for connection to the pipe 48 formed in the drill pipe 44 for conveying the pressurized liquid which is most often, as we have already indicated, a grout. In the particular embodiment described, the annular space 50 between the rod borehole 44 and the pipe 48 is used to convey pressurized air. he goes of course, in some embodiments, we would not find this annular space.

    Au-dessus de son extrémité inférieure 36, la paroi latérale 34 de la tête d'injection est munie d'une buse d'injection 50 d'axe x,x'. Dans le mode de réalisation décrit, l'axe x,x' de la buse 50 est sensiblement perpendiculaire à l'axe vertical z,z' de la tête d'injection mais, dans d'autres modes de réalisation, l'axe pourrait faire une angulation avec l'horizontale comprise, par exemple, entre + 15 degrés et - 15 degrés. En outre, comme le montrent les figures 4 et 5, la buse peut être en projection horizontale, perpendiculaire à la paroi externe du moniteur (buse 50' de la figure 4) ou sensiblement tangentielle à cette paroi (buse 50" de la figure 5) ou encore son axe xx' peut occuper toute orientation intermédiaire. A l'intérieur de la cavité 52 du corps de la tête d'injection, est montée une tubulure 54 servant à raccorder l'alimentation 46 en liquide sous pression à l'entrée 50a de la buse 50. On appelle S1 la section droite de la conduite 46 d'alimentation en liquide sous pression et s1 la section droite de l'entrée de la buse 50. La tubulure 54 dont on appelle L la ligne moyenne présente une première extrémité 56 de raccordement à la canalisation 46 et une deuxième extrémité 58 de raccordement à la buse. La première extrémité 56 de la tubulure 54 présente une section droite S'1 égale à la section S1 et sa deuxième extrémité présente une section droite s'1 égale à la section s1 de la buse. En outre, la section droite de la tubulure 54, c'est-à-dire la section de cette tubulure par des plans orthogonaux à la ligne moyenne L va en diminuant régulièrement de la valeur S'1 à la valeur s'1. Dans certains cas, la tubulure 54 pourra comporter des portions de tubulure cylindrique de longueur très limitée.Above its lower end 36, the side wall 34 of the injection head is provided with an injection nozzle 50 of axis x, x '. In the embodiment described, the axis x, x 'of the nozzle 50 is substantially perpendicular to the vertical axis z, z 'of the injection head but, in other embodiments, the axis could make an angulation with the horizontal, for example, between + 15 degrees and - 15 degrees. In Furthermore, as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the nozzle can be in horizontal projection, perpendicular to the external wall of the monitor (nozzle 50 'in FIG. 4) or substantially tangential to this wall (nozzle 50 "in Figure 5) or its axis xx 'can occupy any orientation intermediate. Inside the cavity 52 of the body of the injection head, is mounted a tube 54 used to connect the supply 46 in pressurized liquid at the inlet 50a of the nozzle 50. S1 is called the cross section of the pipe 46 for supplying pressurized liquid and s1 the straight section of the inlet of the nozzle 50. The pipe 54 of which call L the middle line has a first end 56 of connection to line 46 and a second end 58 of connection to the nozzle. The first end 56 of the tubing 54 has a straight section S'1 equal to section S1 and its second end has a straight section s'1 equal to the section s1 of the nozzle. In addition, the cross section of the tubing 54, that is to say the section of this tubing by planes orthogonal to the mean line L decreases regularly from the value S'1 to the value s'1. In some cases, the tubing 54 may include portions of cylindrical tubing of very limited length.

    La section droite de la tubulure peut être circulaire mais elle peut également présenter une forme ovale, une forme d'ellipse, etc. Les sections terminales 56 et 58 sont, en général, circulaires, mais elles peuvent également être elliptiques. La ligne moyenne L de la tubulure 54 présente une courbure non constante mais qui varie régulièrement. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté sur la figure 2, la ligne moyenne L de la tubulure 54 comporte une première portion L1 qui va de l'extrémité 56 à un point intermédiaire A et une deuxième portion L2 qui va du point intermédiaire A jusqu'à la deuxième extrémité 58. La portion L1 a un rayon de courbure qui garde le même signe, il en va de même de la portion L2 mais le signe de ce dernier rayon de courbure est l'inverse de celui de la portion L1. En d'autres termes, au point A, les portions L1 et L2 sont raccordées tangentiellement mais la ligne moyenne L présente un point d'inflexion au point A.The cross section of the tubing can be circular but it can also have an oval shape, an ellipse shape, etc. The terminal sections 56 and 58 are generally circular, but they can also be elliptical. The middle line L of the tube 54 has a non-constant curvature but which varies regularly. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the middle line L of the tube 54 comprises a first portion L 1 which goes from the end 56 to an intermediate point A and a second portion L 2 which goes from the intermediate point A to 'at the second end 58. The portion L 1 has a radius of curvature which keeps the same sign, the same applies to the portion L 2 but the sign of this last radius of curvature is the opposite of that of the portion L 1 . In other words, at point A, the portions L 1 and L 2 are tangentially connected but the mean line L has an inflection point at point A.

    Ce mode de réalisation permet en particulier grâce à la portion L2 de la ligne moyenne et donc la portion correspondante de tubulure d'augmenter la longueur de la partie de la tubulure présentant un grand rayon de courbure dans sa zone de raccordement à la buse. Cette disposition permet de stabiliser encore mieux l'écoulement du liquide sous pression dans la tubulure 54 à proximité de la buse 50.This embodiment makes it possible in particular thanks to the portion L 2 of the mean line and therefore the corresponding portion of tubing to increase the length of the portion of the tubing having a large radius of curvature in its zone of connection to the nozzle. This arrangement makes it possible to stabilize even better the flow of the liquid under pressure in the tube 54 near the nozzle 50.

    Il va de soi que la tubulure 54 pourrait avoir d'autres formes dès lors que sa ligne moyenne présente des variations de courbure régulières et que sa section droite va en diminuant sensiblement régulièrement depuis sa première extrémité 56 jusqu'à sa deuxième extrémité 58 de raccordement à la buse. La tubulure pourrait ne présenter qu'un seul rayon de courbure et pourrait également ne pas avoir une ligne moyenne disposée dans un plan mais être constituée par une forme d'hélice ou de spirale, c'est-à-dire être une courbe à trois dimensions.It goes without saying that the tubing 54 could have other shapes as soon as when its middle line shows regular variations in curvature and that its cross section decreases significantly regularly from its first end 56 to its second end 58 of connection to the nozzle. Tubing may have only one radius of curvature and also might not have a midline arranged in a plane but be constituted by a form of propeller or spiral, that is, to be a three-dimensional curve.

    Il va également de soi que l'on ne sortirait pas de l'invention si la tête d'injection comportait plusieurs buses et que cette même tête d'injection comportait donc plusieurs tubulures semblables à la tubulure 54 et raccordées chacune à une conduite d'alimentation en liquide sous pression contenu dans les tiges de forage.It also goes without saying that we would not leave the invention if the injection head had several nozzles and that this same head injection therefore had several tubing similar to the tubing 54 and each connected to a liquid supply line under pressure contained in the drill pipes.

    Il faut également observer que, grâce à la forme de la tubulure 54 montrée sur la figure 2, il est possible d'augmenter la longueur totale de la ligne moyenne L de cette tubulure tout en maintenant les dimensions externes de la partie utile de la tête d'injection à des valeurs réduites correspondant au diamètre D1 et à la hauteur H1. L'augmentation de la longueur de la tubulure 54 permet d'améliorer la progressivité de la diminution section droite pour des sections droites données aux deux extrémités de la tubulure. Dans le mode de réalisation décrit, le diamètre D1 est inférieur à 15 cm et la hauteur utile de la tête d'injection H1 est inférieure à 50 cm.It should also be observed that, thanks to the shape of the tube 54 shown in FIG. 2, it is possible to increase the total length of the mean line L of this tube while maintaining the external dimensions of the useful part of the head. injection at reduced values corresponding to the diameter D 1 and the height H 1 . The increase in the length of the tube 54 makes it possible to improve the progressiveness of the reduction in cross section for straight sections given at the two ends of the tube. In the embodiment described, the diameter D 1 is less than 15 cm and the useful height of the injection head H 1 is less than 50 cm.

    La figure 3 montre un deuxième mode de réalisation d'un moniteur conforme à l'invention. Ce moniteur se distingue essentiellement par le fait que la conduite 48 d'alimentation en liquide sous pression se prolonge dans le moniteur par une conduite 70 d'alimentation d'un outil mécanique qui peut être fixé dans le manchon taraudé 78. Lorsqu'il est monté, l'outil est alimenté par la conduite 70 via un clapet commandable 72. Dans ce cas la première extrémité 56' de la tubulure 54' est un piquage latéral sur la conduite 70. De préférence, ce piquage est sensiblement tangentiel à la paroi de la conduite 70.Figure 3 shows a second embodiment of a monitor according to the invention. This monitor essentially stands out by the fact that the line 48 for supplying pressurized liquid is extends into the monitor via a tool supply pipe 70 mechanical which can be fixed in the threaded sleeve 78. When it is mounted, the tool is supplied by line 70 via a controllable valve 72. In this case the first end 56 'of the tube 54' is a lateral stitching on the pipe 70. Preferably, this stitching is substantially tangential to the wall of the pipe 70.

    On comprend que, dans le mode de réalisation décrit ci-dessus, la ligne moyenne L' de la tubulure 54' est une courbe à trois dimensions. La tubulure 54' "s'enroule" autour de la conduite 70 pour aller du piquage 56' à l'entrée de la buse 50.It is understood that, in the embodiment described above, the middle line L 'of the tubing 54' is a three-curve dimensions. The tubing 54 '"wraps" around the pipe 70 to go from the nozzle 56 'at the entrance to the nozzle 50.

    Dans la description précédente, la tubulure 54 est un élément de conduite séparée, monté dans le corps de la tête d'injection. Cependant, on ne sortirait pas de l'invention si le corps de la tête d'injection était réalisé par moulage et que la tubulure 54 était réalisée lors de ce moulage à l'aide d'une technique appropriée. Dans ce cas, le corps de la tête d'injection serait une pièce massive dans laquelle la tubulure 54 serait constituée par un évidement.In the previous description, the tubing 54 is an element separate line, mounted in the body of the injection head. However, we would not go out of the invention if the body of the head injection was carried out by molding and that the tubing 54 was produced during of this molding using an appropriate technique. In this case, the body of the injection head would be a massive part in which the tube 54 would be formed by a recess.

    Claims (9)

    Tête d'injection sous pression d'un liquide pour désagréger le terrain à partir d'un forage, ladite tête étant montée à l'extrémité d'un train de tiges ou de tubes, ledit train comportant des moyens d'alimentation sous pression en liquide, ladite tête comportant un corps (32) ayant une extrémité supérieure (40) de raccordement à l'extrémité inférieure du train de tiges ou de tubes et une paroi externe (34), corps dans lequel est montée au moins une buse d'injection (50) dont le diamètre d'entrée est égal à d, et qui présente un axe x,x', et des moyens formant conduit pour raccorder l'alimentation en liquide à l'entrée de ladite buse, ladite tête d'injection se caractérisant en ce que lesdits moyens formant conduit (54, 54') présentent une ligne moyenne dont la première extrémité (56) est raccordée à l'extrémité inférieure de la conduite d'alimentation en liquide (48) et dont la deuxième extrémité (58) est raccordée tangentiellement à l'axe x,x' de la buse (50), ladite ligne moyenne étant définie par au moins une portion de courbe présentant un rayon de courbure variant de façon continue, la section droite desdits moyens formant conduit diminuant de façon régulière sur au moins la moitié de sa longueur depuis sa première extrémité jusqu'à sa deuxième extrémité.Pressure injection head for a liquid to disintegrate the ground from a borehole, said head being mounted at the end of a train of rods or tubes, said train comprising means for supplying pressure under liquid, said head comprising a body (32) having an upper end (40) for connection to the lower end of the drill string or tubes and an outer wall (34), body in which is mounted at least one nozzle injection (50) whose inlet diameter is equal to d , and which has an axis x, x ', and means forming a conduit for connecting the liquid supply to the inlet of said nozzle, said injection head characterized in that said conduit means (54, 54 ') have a middle line whose first end (56) is connected to the lower end of the liquid supply line (48) and whose second end ( 58) is tangentially connected to the x, x axis 'of the nozzle (50), said mean line being defined by at least one portion of curve having a radius of curvature varying continuously, the cross section of said means forming a conduit decreasing steadily over at least half of its length from its first end to its second end. Tête d'injection selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens d'alimentation en liquide comportent une conduite de liquide sous pression (48) prolongée dans ladite tête d'injection par une conduite (70) d'alimentation d'un outil et en ce que ladite première extrémité des moyens formant conduit (54') est un piquage latéral (56') sur ladite conduite (70) d'alimentation de l'outil, sensiblement tangentiel à ladite conduite.Injection head according to claim 1, characterized in that said liquid supply means comprise a line of pressurized liquid (48) extended in said injection head by a line (70) supplying a tool and in that said first end of the means forming a conduit (54 ′) is a side tap (56 ′) on said conduit (70) for supplying the tool, substantially tangential to said conduit. Tête d'injection sous pression selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la première extrémité (56) de la ligne moyenne desdits moyens formant conduit (54) est raccordée tangentiellement à l'axe de l'extrémité inférieure de la conduite (48) d'alimentation en liquide.Pressure injection head according to claim 1, characterized in that the first end (56) of the middle line of said duct means (54) is tangentially connected to the axis of the lower end of the pipe (48) liquid supply. Tête d'injection sous pression selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'axe de ladite conduite d'alimentation en liquide (48) coïncide sensiblement avec l'axe du corps (32) de la tête d'injection et en ce que la ligne moyenne des moyens formant conduit (54) comprend une première partie de courbe (L1) s'étendant entre la première extrémité (56) et un point intermédiaire (A) et présentant une courbure régulière dont la concavité présente un premier signe et une deuxième portion de courbe (L2) s'étendant entre ledit point intermédiaire (A) et ladite deuxième extrémité (58) présentant une courbure régulière dont la concavité présente un signe opposé.Pressure injection head according to claim 1, characterized in that the axis of said liquid supply line (48) substantially coincides with the axis of the body (32) of the injection head and in that the mean line of the means forming a conduit (54) comprises a first part of the curve (L1) extending between the first end (56) and an intermediate point (A) and having a regular curvature, the concavity of which has a first sign and a second portion of curve (L2) extending between said intermediate point (A) and said second end (58) having a regular curvature whose concavity has an opposite sign. Tête d'injection selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens formant conduit (54, 54') ont une section droite sensiblement circulaire.Injection head according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said conduit means (54, 54 ') have a substantially circular cross section. Tête d'injection selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens formant conduit (54, 54') ont une section droite de forme ovale.Injection head according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said conduit means (54, 54 ') have a cross section of oval shape. Tête d'injection selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend une pluralité de buses d'injection et une pluralité de moyens formant conduit, chacun étant raccordé à une buse d'injection.Injection head according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of injection nozzles and a plurality of conduit means, each one being connected to an injection nozzle. Tête d'injection selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens formant conduit (54, 54') consistent en une tubulure distincte du corps (32) de la tête d'injection.Injection head according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that said conduit means (54, 54 ') consist of a tubing separate from the body (32) of the injection head. Tête d'injection selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que le corps de la tête d'injection est réalisé par moulage et les moyens formant conduit sont réalisés lors du moulage.Injection head according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the body of the injection head is produced by molding and the means forming a conduit are produced during molding.
    EP02290261A 2001-02-12 2002-02-05 Pressure injection head Expired - Lifetime EP1231326B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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    FR0101856 2001-02-12
    FR0101856A FR2820780B1 (en) 2001-02-12 2001-02-12 LIQUID PRESSURE INJECTION HEAD FOR DRILLING AN EXCAVATION IN THE SOIL

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    EP1231326A1 true EP1231326A1 (en) 2002-08-14
    EP1231326B1 EP1231326B1 (en) 2004-04-21

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    EP (1) EP1231326B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE264952T1 (en)
    DE (1) DE60200384T2 (en)
    DK (1) DK1231326T3 (en)
    ES (1) ES2220878T3 (en)
    FR (1) FR2820780B1 (en)
    HK (1) HK1049866B (en)
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    EP2463443A1 (en) * 2010-12-13 2012-06-13 Soilmec S.p.A. Injection head for injecting consolidating pressurized fluid mixtures into the ground
    EP3489418A1 (en) * 2017-11-23 2019-05-29 VSL International AG High efficiency injection head for injecting consolidating fluid mixtures under pressure into the soil

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    EP2463443A1 (en) * 2010-12-13 2012-06-13 Soilmec S.p.A. Injection head for injecting consolidating pressurized fluid mixtures into the ground
    ITTO20100988A1 (en) * 2010-12-13 2012-06-14 Soilmec Spa HEAD OF INJECTION TO INJECT PRESSURIZED FLUID CONSOLIDATING BLENDS IN SOIL
    EP3489418A1 (en) * 2017-11-23 2019-05-29 VSL International AG High efficiency injection head for injecting consolidating fluid mixtures under pressure into the soil

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    ATE264952T1 (en) 2004-05-15
    FR2820780A1 (en) 2002-08-16
    HK1049866A1 (en) 2003-05-30
    FR2820780B1 (en) 2003-05-02
    HK1049866B (en) 2004-09-10
    EP1231326B1 (en) 2004-04-21
    PT1231326E (en) 2004-08-31
    DE60200384D1 (en) 2004-05-27
    US20020108752A1 (en) 2002-08-15
    ES2220878T3 (en) 2004-12-16
    US6648084B2 (en) 2003-11-18
    DE60200384T2 (en) 2005-05-04
    DK1231326T3 (en) 2004-08-16

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