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EP0519793B1 - Device and installation for the cleaning of drain pipes, in particular in oil production wells - Google Patents

Device and installation for the cleaning of drain pipes, in particular in oil production wells Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0519793B1
EP0519793B1 EP92401646A EP92401646A EP0519793B1 EP 0519793 B1 EP0519793 B1 EP 0519793B1 EP 92401646 A EP92401646 A EP 92401646A EP 92401646 A EP92401646 A EP 92401646A EP 0519793 B1 EP0519793 B1 EP 0519793B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
passage
fluid
string
pipe string
servicing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92401646A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0519793A3 (en
EP0519793A2 (en
Inventor
Henri Cholet
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IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
Original Assignee
IFP Energies Nouvelles IFPEN
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Publication of EP0519793A3 publication Critical patent/EP0519793A3/en
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Publication of EP0519793B1 publication Critical patent/EP0519793B1/en
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/12—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor using drilling pipes with plural fluid passages, e.g. closed circulation systems
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B37/00—Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
    • E21B41/0078—Nozzles used in boreholes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to apparatus and installations for cleaning horizontal drains in oil production wells.
  • US-A-4744420 discloses an apparatus for cleaning such horizontal drains, which comprises at the end of two concentric casings a body provided with spray nozzles for cleaning fluid, this body delimiting a path of supply of cleaning fluid, connected to said nozzles, as well as a return path of this fluid charged with solid particles of sand or other sediments, these two paths being respectively connected to one of the two conduits delimited by the two concentric casings.
  • the projection nozzles for cleaning fluid are arranged at the end of the body and oriented substantially parallel to the axis of the drain. Such an arrangement tends to expel the sand and other sediments accumulated in the drain in front of the device.
  • the invention proposes to solve, so as to achieve more effective cleaning of such horizontal drains.
  • European application 417009 corresponding to the preamble of claim 1, discloses an apparatus comprising deflector means adapted to direct the jet of cleaning fluid leaving a nozzle in the direction of the wall of the drain.
  • the deflector can be a mechanically fragile part in certain dimensions of the device.
  • the apparatus does not make it possible to adjust the distance between the turbulence zone of the cleaning fluid at the outlet of the nozzle and the suction zone.
  • the adjustment of this distance is important because it conditions the good return circulation towards the suction of the fluid loaded with sediments.
  • the fluid gushing from the outlet orifices has the function of agitating and entraining the sediment towards the suction.
  • the outlet openings are arranged relative to the openings suction, so that the agitation turbulence is sufficiently distant from the suction ports so as not to impede the direction of circulation of the fluid intended to entrain sediments, and at the same time close enough for the effect of 'suction acts effectively on the fluid loaded with sediments suspended by said turbulence.
  • the parameters influencing this distance can be in particular the available flow rate of circulation of the fluid, the average viscosity of the fluid loaded with sediments, the diameter of the drain, the density of the sediments or also the rheology of the cleaning fluid.
  • the invention which improves the device described in document EP-A-417.009, relates to an apparatus for cleaning a horizontal or gently sloping drain in which solid particles accumulate, said apparatus being adapted to be placed at the lower end of two concentric casings, delimiting two equally concentric conduits, this apparatus comprises a body which is provided with at least one fluid outlet orifice and at least one fluid return orifice, said body delimiting on the one hand a cleaning fluid supply path and on the other hand a return path for the fluid loaded with solid particles, these two paths being intended to be connected respectively to the two conduits delimited by the casings.
  • the outlet orifices can be inclined at an angle of between 10 and 80 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the body and in the direction of the return orifice.
  • the device may have three outlet openings distributed at 120 ° relative to the longitudinal axis of said body and located between the return opening and the bottom of the drain.
  • the end of the body having the outlet openings can be rotatable.
  • the adjustment means may include a set of spacers stacked between the two orifices.
  • the fluid supply path can comprise, from upstream to downstream, in the body an annular conduit, at least one radial passage, and an axial conduit
  • the path of return of the particle-laden fluid may comprise, from downstream to upstream, at least one conduit opening out of the body through the return orifice, an annular conduit surrounding an injector of working fluid and an axial conduit.
  • the annular duct and the axial duct can form a venturi which constitutes with the injector a suction device.
  • the injector can be supplied with working fluid from the radial passage and the axial duct, the fluid flow being distributed in the axial duct in two opposite flows directed respectively towards the outlet orifices and towards the injector.
  • the passage section of the injector may be greater than the sum of the sections of the outlet orifices.
  • the body of the device can be connected at its rear or upstream part to a connector comprising two sets of conduits which communicate respectively an upstream axial conduit with a downstream annular conduit and an upstream annular conduit with a downstream axial conduit.
  • the apparatus may comprise a connection box connected to the two concentric casings and comprising in particular a sealing means between the exterior of said box and the walls of the well, said box being connected to the surface by an operating casing, said sealing means and said operating casing delimiting an inner conduit and an annular conduit.
  • Said box is adapted to put in communication either said conduit of the inner casing with the inner conduit of the operating casing, the annular of the operating casing being connected to the other conduit of the concentric casings, or said inner casing conduit with the ring of the operating casing, the interior of the operating casing being connected to the other conduit of the concentric casings.
  • FIG. 1 shows a horizontal or substantially horizontal drain section 10 connected to a main casing 12 (FIG. 4A).
  • This device comprises a body 20 comprising several parts, in this case three, produced and arranged so as to fulfill several functions which will be described in more detail below. These three parts are: an external part 22, a front central part 24 and a rear central part 26.
  • the outer part 22 is received in a sheath 28 and is in longitudinal support on a stop 29 integral with this sheath.
  • the latter is fixed in any suitable known manner to the end of the casing 16, the fixing not being shown here for reasons of readability of the figure.
  • this fixing can be by threaded connection.
  • This outer part is hollow and has at its end directed downstream of the device a head 32 which is pierced with an axial duct 34 and three conduits 35, separated from the conduit 34 and which open from the head 32 by the orifices 30.
  • the conduits 35 are arranged at 120 ° relative to each other. Depending on the size of the device, a greater number of such conduits can be provided, for example 6.
  • the conduit 34 communicates with a cavity 36, which opens out through orifices 38 for spraying fluid.
  • the head of the external part 22 of the body 20 comprises a housing 48 in which is received the central part 24 of the body which delimits on the one hand a central conduit 50 disposed in the extension of conduit 34, at least one radial passage 52 communicating this central conduit with an annular conduit 54 delimited between the central parts of the body and the external part, and at least one longitudinal conduit 56, which forms part of the return path of the fluid charged with solid particles.
  • a central conduit 50 disposed in the extension of conduit 34
  • at least one radial passage 52 communicating this central conduit with an annular conduit 54 delimited between the central parts of the body and the external part
  • at least one longitudinal conduit 56 which forms part of the return path of the fluid charged with solid particles.
  • three conduits 56 are provided, arranged in the extension of the three conduits 35.
  • the external part of the body has a tubular shape connected to a connector 60 by a thread 40.
  • the rear central part is connected to the connector 60 by the thread 42.
  • the connector 60 is connected to the casing 14 by a thread 44.
  • the part 26 forms a venturi and delimits a converging cone 68, a neck 70 and then a divergent cone 72 to constitute, with an injector 74 fixed in the central body, a suction device whose function will be specified below.
  • the rear central part 26 is also fixed to the front central part 24 of the body, the fixing is not shown in FIG. 1.
  • the outer casing is kept centered in the drain 10 by a centering device 76 of known construction.
  • sealing means 78 are interposed between the fitting 60 and the outer casing 16.
  • the outside diameter of the device is smaller than the inside diameter of the outer casing 16.
  • the device can be lowered inside the casing outside by maneuvering the inner concentric casing to which said device is fixed by means of the connector 60.
  • the device is stopped by the stop 29 and the sealing of the annular duct 17 is completed by the sealing means 78.
  • FIG. 2 An alternative construction is proposed and illustrated in FIG. 2 in the case where it is not possible to operate the device in the external casing, in particular because the internal diameter of the external casing is small.
  • FIG. 2 represents the rear part of the fitting 60 of the device, the front part not shown in this figure being identical to that of FIG. 1.
  • the connector 60 is in rear or upstream abutment on a shoulder 80 and is therefore immobilized in translation by the play of the two stops 80 and 29.
  • a guide sleeve 81 comprising at least two longitudinal grooves in which are arranged locking fingers 82.
  • the fixing 83 of these fingers is adapted so that they can deform radially for hanging the casing 14 at its end comprising a coupling 84.
  • the coupling 84 includes a retaining piece 85, adapted to cooperate with the locking fingers, and a downstream extension 86 adapted to cooperate with the means of seal 87 carried by the interior of the fur 81.
  • FIG. 2 allows the device to be lowered at the same time as the outer casing 16 is lowered, then the inner casing 14, concentrically lowered, equipped with the connector 84, and the inner casing 14 is connected to the device to delimit conduits 17 and 19.
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of an embodiment of the head 32 of the external part 22 of the body 20.
  • the head has two parts 90 and 91 secured by screws 93 distributed over the circumference.
  • a spacer 92 is interposed between the two parts.
  • the spacer is pierced in its center to leave the continuity of the conduit 34 towards the cavity 36.
  • Seals 94a and 94b complete the mounting of this system for adjusting the distance between the orifices 38 and the return orifices 30. Indeed it suffices to have a set of spacers to vary this distance by adding or removing a determined thickness spacers. It may also be necessary to have a set of screws 93 of different lengths.
  • FIG. 3 is shown the mounting of a nozzle 95 on the axial duct 34.
  • This nozzle will be described below, but this nozzle is not essential in the context of this invention.
  • the cavity 36 which represents an enlargement of the duct 34 which is not essential, in particular if there is no nozzle 95.
  • the orifices 38 are drilled in the end piece 96, the direction of these holes is in the direction of the wall of the drain 10 and preferably inclined upstream of the device or towards the orifices 30 for the return of fluid.
  • This angle A can be variable between 10 and 80 degrees, but will preferably be 60 degrees. It will not depart from the scope of this invention if these orifices 38 are the orifices of the tubes mounted on the head 96 according to the arrangement described above. In this case it will be possible to change the diameter of the fluid outlet orifices without changing the end 96 of the head 32.
  • the end 96 carrying the orifices 38 is preferably stationary relative to the device, but it will be possible for it to be rotary thanks to the assembly shown in FIG. 3.
  • the head 96 is free to rotate thanks to the bearing 97, the seal being provided by the means 98.
  • the rotation which can be obtained in particular thanks to the construction where the axes of the orifices are not concurrent on the longitudinal axis of the device.
  • the inner casing 14 is supplied with fluid, in this case water, from the surface.
  • fluid in this case water
  • This fluid, arriving in the connector 60 passes from the axial conduit 19 through the conduits 62 towards the annular conduit 64 delimited between the central and external parts of the body, to reach the radial passage 52.
  • the working fluid is divided into two directed flows, one towards the orifices 38 and the other towards the injector 74.
  • the respective sections of the orifices 38 or of the nozzle 95 and of the injector are chosen so as to obtain a determined distribution of the flow rate, which can for example be 3/5 of the incident flow rate in the direction of the injector and 2/5 in the direction of the orifices 38.
  • the jets of fluid emitted by the orifices 38 are in the direction of the wall of the drain and cause effective agitation of solid particles of sand or other sediments accumulated in the drain.
  • the fluid charged with these particles is sucked in at the orifices 30 by the conduits 35, this suction effect being caused in the venturi 68-72 by the second flow of working liquid, emitted by the injector 74.
  • the suction orifices 30 open out substantially at the periphery of the body of the device, thus being located as close as possible to the wall of the drain where the charged fluid preferably flows from the outlet orifices.
  • the sufficient distance between the orifices 38 and 30 ensures that the directions of the speeds of the solid particles are substantially unidirectional and parallel to the longitudinal axis in the vicinity of the openings 30, which promotes the entry of the particles into the channels 35 through the orifices 30
  • the determination of this distance takes into account the energy of the turbulence created by the orifices 38 and the section of the annular space between the head 32 and the walls of the drain.
  • the working fluid and the liquid charged with particles mix in the part 70, 72 of the body and are directed towards the surface by crossing the connection 60 by the conduits 66 and by traversing the annular conduit 17 delimited between the two casings.
  • the distance between the two outlet and return orifices will be adjusted to adapt the device to the cleaning conditions of a particular site, in particular by taking into account the pumping available on the site and the internal dimension of the drain.
  • the device can be the subject of many other variants, both in the production of the parts that compose it and in the number and arrangement of the various supply and return conduits for the cleaning fluid.
  • the fluid loaded with solid particles rises to the surface via the annular conduit 17, while the working fluid is injected through the axial conduit 19. It will not depart from the scope of this invention if it is the opposite, provided that the speed of the charged fluid is sufficient to avoid sedimentation of the particles in the conduit. In addition, it is preferable to choose to raise the charged fluid in the pipe of larger section in order to limit the pressure losses downstream of the venturi which limit the suction effect.
  • FIG. 4a represents a main casing 12 which extends from the surface and which comprises a vertical part, then a curved part, to be extended by the substantially horizontal drain 10.
  • the external casing 16 is introduced into this main casing comprising at its end the sheath 28 and the centering device 76.
  • the casing 16 carrying at its end the fitting 84 according to the configuration 2, or the apparatus proper which takes place in the sheath 28 according to the configuration 1.
  • the casings 14 and 16 can be formed either by rigid tubes screwed on one another, or by continuous elements unwound from the surface.
  • the installation can of course be completed by connecting the inner casing to a pump supplying pressurized water, and by connecting the outer casing to known means for extracting the liquid laden with particles.
  • These known means can in particular be elements of rigid tubes comprising two concentric tubes, the conduit of the inner tube being connected to the conduit 19 and the annular between the inner tube and the outer tube being connected to the conduit 17. The advancement of the cleaning is then done by adding these elements on top of each other.
  • connection box 100 shown in FIG. 5A or 5B is used.
  • the connection box is mounted on the surface on the end of the casing 16.
  • the casing 14 is lowered either of the configurations numbered 1 and 2.
  • the end of the casing 14 is fixed in the box connection 100.
  • the box has a sealing cup 102 sealing between the body of the box and the main casing 12, that the upper part of the box has a thread 105 adapted to connect an operating casing 106 and that it is adapted to put the conduit 19 in communication with the inner conduit 107 of the operating casing and the conduit 17 with the annular conduit 108 between the operating casing and the well 12, or vice versa in the second variant of FIG. 6.
  • FIG. 4B therefore represents the two casings 14 and 16 connected to the box 100 and to which a first section of operating casing 106 is connected.
  • the body 20 of the device protrudes from the casing 16.
  • the device is lowered to the drain to be cleaned.
  • FIG. 4C illustrates the start of the cleaning operation, after the interior 107 of the casings 106 is connected to a circulation pump 109, the return circulation of the fluid loaded with sediment rising in the annular 108 to be collected by the chute 110 to a separation installation.
  • Figure 4D shows the progress of cleaning.
  • the device When the cleaning operation is completed, the device is raised by dismantling the operating casings 106, by reassembling the casing 14, either with the device fixed at its end according to configuration 2, or according to configuration 1 after rupture of the retaining part 85, in particular by pulling from the casing 14.
  • the connection box is then dismantled, then the casings 16.
  • FIG. 5A represents the connection box 100 screwed onto the casing 16 by a connection 101.
  • the box comprises a sealing cup 102, for example a tester-cup cup from the company Cameron Iron Works. Ports 103 put the inside of the box in communication with the outside, above the cup 102.
  • the casing 14 is maintained by a fastening system 104 blocked in translation downwards by a constriction 111.
  • the fastening system 104 also comprises a sealing means for isolating the ring finger 17 from the interior 107 of the operating casing.
  • the attachment system 104 is fixed on a length of casing 14 located above the box, then the casing 14 is lowered to suspend it by means of the system 104 stopped by the constriction 111.
  • FIG. 5B shows a variant of the box to allow the conduit 19 to be connected to the annular conduit 108 and the annular conduit 17 to the axial conduit 107 of the operating casing 106.
  • the end fasteners 101 and 105, as well as the cup 102 can be common to both variants.
  • a suspension part 112 is fixed to the end of the casing 14 by a fastening system 113 comprising a set of jaws tightened by radial screws on the casing 14 and a sealing packer 115 on the casing 14. This part 112 is blocked downward by the constriction 114. In this position, the seals 117 and 116 carried by the part 112 delimit the communications of the various conduits.
  • a cavity 118 of the part 112 cooperates with the orifice 119 to put the conduit 19 in communication with the conduit 108.
  • Conduits 120 pierced longitudinally in the part 112 put the conduit 17 in communication with the axial conduit 107.
  • the use of one or the other versions of the box 100 will be conditioned in particular by the rate of ascent of the fluid loaded with solid particles. In fact, in certain cases it will be possible to adjust this speed by using maneuvering pipes of sufficiently large diameter to reduce the section of the annular 108 and thus increase the rate of rise of the fluid. When this is not possible, in particular for reasons of weight or size, the return fluid will be raised through the interior of the operating casing.
  • annular sealing means on the surface, for example a BOP.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • Removal Of Floating Material (AREA)
  • Cleaning By Liquid Or Steam (AREA)

Description

La présente invention concerne les appareils et installations destinés à effectuer le nettoyage de drains horizontaux dans les puits de production pétrolière.The present invention relates to apparatus and installations for cleaning horizontal drains in oil production wells.

On sait que la mise en production de puits dans les gisements sableux, au moyen de drains horizontaux ou à faible inclinaison, conduit à l'entraînement de sable par le fluide s'écoulant du gisement et à des dépôts importants de ce sable ou autres sédiments, principalement dans la partie horizontale de ces drains. Il en résulte une diminution sensible de la production du puits et parfois une impossibilité de descendre dans le drain des outils de mesure ou d'intervention.It is known that the putting into production of wells in sandy deposits, by means of horizontal or low inclination drains, leads to the entrainment of sand by the fluid flowing from the deposit and to significant deposits of this sand or other sediments , mainly in the horizontal part of these drains. This results in a significant decrease in the production of the well and sometimes an inability to descend into the drain of the measurement or intervention tools.

On connaît par le brevet US-A-4744420 un appareil de nettoyage de tels drains horizontaux, qui comporte à l'extrémité de deux tubages concentriques un corps muni de duses de projection d'un fluide de nettoyage, ce corps délimitant un trajet d'alimentation en fluide de nettoyage, relié auxdites duses, ainsi qu'un trajet de retour de ce fluide chargé de particules solides de sable ou autres sédiments, ces deux trajets étant reliés respectivement à l'un des deux conduits délimités par les deux tubages concentriques.US-A-4744420 discloses an apparatus for cleaning such horizontal drains, which comprises at the end of two concentric casings a body provided with spray nozzles for cleaning fluid, this body delimiting a path of supply of cleaning fluid, connected to said nozzles, as well as a return path of this fluid charged with solid particles of sand or other sediments, these two paths being respectively connected to one of the two conduits delimited by the two concentric casings.

Dans cet appareil connu, les duses de projection du fluide de nettoyage sont disposées à l'extrémité du corps et orientées sensiblement parallèlement à l'axe du drain. Une telle disposition tend à chasser en avant de l'appareil le sable et les autres sédiments accumulés dans le drain.In this known device, the projection nozzles for cleaning fluid are arranged at the end of the body and oriented substantially parallel to the axis of the drain. Such an arrangement tends to expel the sand and other sediments accumulated in the drain in front of the device.

C'est notamment ce problème que l'invention se propose de résoudre, de façon à réaliser un nettoyage plus efficace de tels drains horizontaux.It is this problem in particular that the invention proposes to solve, so as to achieve more effective cleaning of such horizontal drains.

On connaît par la demande Européenne 417009, correspondant au préambule de la revendication 1, un appareillage comportant des moyens déflecteurs adaptés à diriger le jet de fluide de nettoyage sortant d'une duse en direction de la paroi du drain.European application 417009, corresponding to the preamble of claim 1, discloses an apparatus comprising deflector means adapted to direct the jet of cleaning fluid leaving a nozzle in the direction of the wall of the drain.

Mais le déflecteur peut être une pièce mécaniquement fragile dans certaines dimensions d'appareil. De plus, l'appareillage ne permet pas de régler la distance entre la zone de turbulence du fluide de nettoyage à la sortie de la duse et la zone d'aspiration.However, the deflector can be a mechanically fragile part in certain dimensions of the device. In addition, the apparatus does not make it possible to adjust the distance between the turbulence zone of the cleaning fluid at the outlet of the nozzle and the suction zone.

Il a été établi que le réglage de cette distance est important car elle conditionne la bonne circulation de retour vers l'aspiration du fluide chargé de sédiments. En effet, le fluide jaillissant des orifices de sortie a pour fonctions d'agiter et d'entraîner les sédiments vers l'aspiration. Pour cela, les orifices de sortie sont disposés, par rapport aux orifices d'aspiration, de façon à ce que les turbulences d'agitation soient suffisamment éloignées des orifices d'aspiration pour ne pas contrarier le sens de circulation du fluide destiné à entraîner les sédiments, et en même temps suffisamment proche pour que l'effet d'aspiration agisse efficacement sur le fluide chargé en sédiments mis en suspension par lesdites turbulences.It has been established that the adjustment of this distance is important because it conditions the good return circulation towards the suction of the fluid loaded with sediments. Indeed, the fluid gushing from the outlet orifices has the function of agitating and entraining the sediment towards the suction. For this, the outlet openings are arranged relative to the openings suction, so that the agitation turbulence is sufficiently distant from the suction ports so as not to impede the direction of circulation of the fluid intended to entrain sediments, and at the same time close enough for the effect of 'suction acts effectively on the fluid loaded with sediments suspended by said turbulence.

Les paramètres influençant cette distance peuvent être notamment le débit disponible de circulation du fluide, la viscosité moyenne du fluide chargé de sédiments, le diamètre du drain, la densité des sédiments ou encore la rhéologie du fluide de nettoyage.The parameters influencing this distance can be in particular the available flow rate of circulation of the fluid, the average viscosity of the fluid loaded with sediments, the diameter of the drain, the density of the sediments or also the rheology of the cleaning fluid.

A cet effet, l'invention qui perfectionne le dispositif décrit dans le document EP-A-417.009, a pour objet un appareil pour le nettoyage d'un drain horizontal ou à faible pente dans lequel des particules solides s'accumulent, ledit appareil étant adapté pour être disposé à l'extrémité inférieure de deux tubages concentriques, délimitant deux conduits également concentriques, cet appareil comprend un corps qui est muni d'au moins un orifice de sortie de fluide et d'au moins un orifice de retour du fluide, ledit corps délimitant d'une part un trajet d'alimentation en fluide de nettoyage et d'autre part un trajet de retour pour le fluide chargé de particules solides, ces deux trajets étant destinés à être reliés respectivement aux deux conduits délimités par les tubages.To this end, the invention which improves the device described in document EP-A-417.009, relates to an apparatus for cleaning a horizontal or gently sloping drain in which solid particles accumulate, said apparatus being adapted to be placed at the lower end of two concentric casings, delimiting two equally concentric conduits, this apparatus comprises a body which is provided with at least one fluid outlet orifice and at least one fluid return orifice, said body delimiting on the one hand a cleaning fluid supply path and on the other hand a return path for the fluid loaded with solid particles, these two paths being intended to be connected respectively to the two conduits delimited by the casings.

L'appareil comporte en combinaison :

  • un orifice de sortie dirigé vers la paroi du drain et incliné vers l'orifice de retour,
  • un orifice de retour qui débouche sensiblement à la périphérie du corps,
  • des moyens de réglage de la distance entre les orifices de sortie et de retour, à une distance prédéterminée, afin de favoriser l'entrée des particules solides dans l'orifice de retour.
The device comprises in combination:
  • an outlet orifice directed towards the wall of the drain and inclined towards the return orifice,
  • a return orifice which opens out substantially at the periphery of the body,
  • means for adjusting the distance between the outlet and return orifices, at a predetermined distance, in order to favor the entry of solid particles into the return orifice.

Les orifices de sortie peuvent être inclinés d'un angle compris entre 10 et 80 degrés par rapport à l'axe longitudinal du corps et en direction de l'orifice de retour.The outlet orifices can be inclined at an angle of between 10 and 80 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the body and in the direction of the return orifice.

L'appareil peut comporter trois orifices de sortie répartis à 120° par rapport à l'axe longitudinal dudit corps et situés entre l'orifice de retour et le fond du drain.The device may have three outlet openings distributed at 120 ° relative to the longitudinal axis of said body and located between the return opening and the bottom of the drain.

L'extrémité du corps comportant les orifices de sortie peut être rotative.The end of the body having the outlet openings can be rotatable.

Les moyens de réglage peuvent comporter un jeu d'entretoises empilées entre les deux orifices.The adjustment means may include a set of spacers stacked between the two orifices.

Dans l'appareil selon l'invention, le trajet d'alimentation en fluide peut comprendre, de l'amont vers l'aval, dans le corps un conduit annulaire, au moins un passage radial, et un conduit axial, et le trajet de retour du fluide chargé de particules peut comprendre, de l'aval vers l'amont, au moins un conduit débouchant du corps par l'orifice de retour, un conduit annulaire entourant un injecteur de fluide moteur et un conduit axial.In the apparatus according to the invention, the fluid supply path can comprise, from upstream to downstream, in the body an annular conduit, at least one radial passage, and an axial conduit, and the path of return of the particle-laden fluid may comprise, from downstream to upstream, at least one conduit opening out of the body through the return orifice, an annular conduit surrounding an injector of working fluid and an axial conduit.

Le conduit annulaire et le conduit axial peuvent former un venturi qui constitue avec l'injecteur un dispositif d'aspiration.The annular duct and the axial duct can form a venturi which constitutes with the injector a suction device.

L'injecteur peut être alimenté en fluide moteur à partir du passage radial et du conduit axial, le débit de fluide se répartissant dans le conduit axial en deux flux opposés dirigés respectivement vers les orifices de sortie et vers l'injecteur.The injector can be supplied with working fluid from the radial passage and the axial duct, the fluid flow being distributed in the axial duct in two opposite flows directed respectively towards the outlet orifices and towards the injector.

La section de passage de l'injecteur peut être supérieure à la somme des sections des orifices de sortie.The passage section of the injector may be greater than the sum of the sections of the outlet orifices.

Le corps de l'appareil peut être relié à sa partie arrière ou amont à un raccord comportant deux jeux de conduits qui font communiquer respectivement un conduit axial amont avec un conduit annulaire aval et un conduit annulaire amont avec un conduit axial aval.The body of the device can be connected at its rear or upstream part to a connector comprising two sets of conduits which communicate respectively an upstream axial conduit with a downstream annular conduit and an upstream annular conduit with a downstream axial conduit.

Selon l'invention, l'appareil peut avoir l'une des deux configurations suivantes :

  • fixé sur le tubage concentrique extérieur et comportant des moyens de connexion opérés depuis la surface entre le tube intérieur et ledit appareil,
  • de diamètre extérieur inférieur au diamètre intérieur dudit tubage concentrique extérieur et le corps coopérant avec l'extrémité du tubage concentrique extérieur par des moyens d'étanchéité et de butée axiale.
According to the invention, the device can have one of the following two configurations:
  • fixed to the outer concentric casing and comprising connection means operated from the surface between the inner tube and said device,
  • outer diameter less than the inner diameter of said outer concentric casing and the body cooperating with the end of the outer concentric casing by sealing means and axial stop.

L'appareil peut comprendre une boite de raccordement connectée sur les deux tubages concentriques et comportant notamment un moyen d'étanchéité entre l'extérieur de ladite boite et les parois du puits, ladite boite étant relié à la surface par un tubage de manoeuvre, ledit moyen d'étanchéité et ledit tubage de manoeuvre délimitant un conduit intérieur et un conduit annulaire. Ladite boite est adaptée à mettre en communication soit ledit conduit du tubage intérieur avec le conduit intérieur du tubage de manoeuvre, l'annulaire du tubage de manoeuvre étant relié à l'autre conduit des tubages concentriques, soit ledit conduit de tubage intérieur avec l'annulaire du tubage de manoeuvre, l'intérieur du tubage de manoeuvre étant relié à l'autre conduit des tubages concentriques.The apparatus may comprise a connection box connected to the two concentric casings and comprising in particular a sealing means between the exterior of said box and the walls of the well, said box being connected to the surface by an operating casing, said sealing means and said operating casing delimiting an inner conduit and an annular conduit. Said box is adapted to put in communication either said conduit of the inner casing with the inner conduit of the operating casing, the annular of the operating casing being connected to the other conduit of the concentric casings, or said inner casing conduit with the ring of the operating casing, the interior of the operating casing being connected to the other conduit of the concentric casings.

L'invention fournit également une méthode de mise en oeuvre de l'appareil comportant les étapes suivantes :

  • on descend dans le puits une longueur de tubage concentrique extérieur avec ou non fixé à son extrémité l'appareil, ladite longueur étant adaptée à la longueur de nettoyage du drain,
  • on descend dans ledit tubage extérieur l'autre tubage concentrique et soit on le connecte sur ledit appareil lorsque celui-ci est descendu en étant fixé au tubage extérieur, soit jusqu'à ce que ledit appareil coopère avec l'extrémité dudit tubage extérieur par les moyens d'étanchéité et de butée lorsque l'appareil est fixé audit autre tubage.
  • on fixe sur lesdits tubages concentriques la boite de raccordement,
  • on descend l'ensemble comportant l'appareil, les tubages concentriques et la boite de raccordement en ajoutant des tubes de manoeuvre au-dessus de ladite boite.
  • on nettoie ledit drain en injectant un fluide par pompage dans le conduit intérieur des tubes de manoeuvre ou dans l'annulaire des tubes de manoeuvre.
The invention also provides a method of implementing the apparatus comprising the following steps:
  • a length of external concentric casing is lowered into the well with or without the device fixed at its end, said length being adapted to the cleaning length of the drain,
  • the other concentric casing is lowered into said outer casing and either it is connected to said device when the latter is lowered while being attached to the outer casing, or until said device cooperates with the end of said outer casing by the sealing and abutment means when the device is fixed to said other casing.
  • the connection box is fixed on said concentric casings,
  • the assembly comprising the device, the concentric casings and the connection box is lowered by adding operating tubes above said box.
  • said drain is cleaned by injecting a fluid by pumping into the inner duct of the operating tubes or into the annular of the operating tubes.

La présente invention sera mieux comprise et ses avantages apparaîtront plus nettement à la description qui suit d'exemples particuliers, nullement limitatifs, illustrés par les figures suivantes :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'un appareil suivant l'invention,
  • la figure 2 représente une variante de réalisation de l'appareil,
  • la figure 3 représente en détail l'extrémité du corps et les deux orifices,
  • les figures 4A, 4B, 4C et 4D illustrent la mise en oeuvre de l'installation,
  • les figures 5A et 5B illustrent des réalisations de la boite à raccordement.
The present invention will be better understood and its advantages will appear more clearly on description which follows of particular examples, in no way limiting, illustrated by the following figures:
  • FIG. 1 is a view in longitudinal section of an apparatus according to the invention,
  • FIG. 2 represents an alternative embodiment of the device,
  • FIG. 3 represents in detail the end of the body and the two orifices,
  • FIGS. 4A, 4B, 4C and 4D illustrate the implementation of the installation,
  • Figures 5A and 5B illustrate embodiments of the connection box.

On voit sur la figure 1 un tronçon de drain 10 horizontal ou sensiblement horizontal relié à un tubage principal 12 (figure 4A).FIG. 1 shows a horizontal or substantially horizontal drain section 10 connected to a main casing 12 (FIG. 4A).

Dans ce drain sont disposés deux tubages concentriques 14 et 16 délimitant entre eux un conduit annulaire 17, tandis que le tubage intérieur délimite un conduit axial 19. L'extrémité aval du tubage intérieur 14 est située en retrait par rapport à l'extrémité aval du tubage extérieur et c'est entre ces deux extrémités qu'est disposé l'appareil selon l'invention.In this drain are arranged two concentric casings 14 and 16 delimiting between them an annular duct 17, while the inner casing delimits an axial duct 19. The downstream end of the inner casing 14 is set back with respect to the downstream end of the outer casing and it is between these two ends that the device according to the invention is arranged.

Cet appareil comprend un corps 20 comportant plusieurs parties en l'occurrence trois, réalisées et agencées de façon à remplir plusieurs fonctions qui vont être décrites plus en détail ci-après. Ces trois parties sont : une partie extérieure 22, une partie centrale avant 24 et une partie centrale arrière 26.This device comprises a body 20 comprising several parts, in this case three, produced and arranged so as to fulfill several functions which will be described in more detail below. These three parts are: an external part 22, a front central part 24 and a rear central part 26.

La partie extérieure 22 est reçue dans un fourreau 28 et est en appui longitudinal sur une butée 29 solidaire de ce fourreau. Ce dernier est fixé par toute façon convenable connue à l'extrémité du tubage 16, la fixation n'étant pas ici représentée pour des raisons de lisibilité de la figure. Par exemple, cette fixation peut être par raccord fileté.The outer part 22 is received in a sheath 28 and is in longitudinal support on a stop 29 integral with this sheath. The latter is fixed in any suitable known manner to the end of the casing 16, the fixing not being shown here for reasons of readability of the figure. For example, this fixing can be by threaded connection.

Cette partie extérieure est creuse et comporte à son extrémité dirigée vers l'aval de l'appareil une tête 32 qui est percée d'un conduit axial 34 et de trois conduits 35, séparés du conduit 34 et qui débouchent de la tête 32 par les orifices 30. Les conduits 35 sont disposés à 120° les uns par rapport aux autres. Selon la dimension de l'appareil, un nombre supérieur de tels conduits peut être prévu, par exemple 6. Le conduit 34 communique avec une cavité 36, laquelle débouche par des orifices 38 de projection de fluide.This outer part is hollow and has at its end directed downstream of the device a head 32 which is pierced with an axial duct 34 and three conduits 35, separated from the conduit 34 and which open from the head 32 by the orifices 30. The conduits 35 are arranged at 120 ° relative to each other. Depending on the size of the device, a greater number of such conduits can be provided, for example 6. The conduit 34 communicates with a cavity 36, which opens out through orifices 38 for spraying fluid.

En arrière du conduit 34, la tête de la partie extérieure 22 du corps 20 comporte un logement 48 dans laquelle est reçue la partie centrale 24 du corps qui délimite d'une part un conduit central 50 disposé dans le prolongement du conduit 34, au moins un passage radial 52 faisant communiquer ce conduit central avec un conduit annulaire 54 délimité entre les parties centrales du corps et la partie extérieure, et au moins un conduit longitudinal 56, qui fait partie du trajet de retour du fluide chargé de particules solides. Dans le mode de réalisation représenté, il est prévu trois conduits 56, disposés dans le prolongement des trois conduits 35.Behind the conduit 34, the head of the external part 22 of the body 20 comprises a housing 48 in which is received the central part 24 of the body which delimits on the one hand a central conduit 50 disposed in the extension of conduit 34, at least one radial passage 52 communicating this central conduit with an annular conduit 54 delimited between the central parts of the body and the external part, and at least one longitudinal conduit 56, which forms part of the return path of the fluid charged with solid particles. In the embodiment shown, three conduits 56 are provided, arranged in the extension of the three conduits 35.

En remontant vers l'arrière, la partie extérieure du corps présente une forme tubulaire reliée à un raccord 60 par un filetage 40. La partie centrale arrière est reliée au raccord 60 par le filetage 42.Going up towards the rear, the external part of the body has a tubular shape connected to a connector 60 by a thread 40. The rear central part is connected to the connector 60 by the thread 42.

Le raccord 60 est relié au tubage 14 par un filetage 44.The connector 60 is connected to the casing 14 by a thread 44.

Ce raccord 60 comporte deux jeux de conduits :

  • un premier jeu de trois conduits 62 qui assurent la communication entre l'intérieur 19 du tubulaire 14 et un conduit annulaire 64 délimité entre la partie extérieure du corps et la partie centrale arrière 26 de ce même corps,
  • un deuxième jeu de trois conduits 66 assurant la communication entre l'espace annulaire 17 délimité entre les deux tubages, et le conduit axial 73 du raccord 60.
This connection 60 comprises two sets of conduits:
  • a first set of three conduits 62 which provide communication between the interior 19 of the tubular 14 and an annular conduit 64 delimited between the exterior part of the body and the rear central part 26 of this same body,
  • a second set of three conduits 66 ensuring communication between the annular space 17 delimited between the two casings, and the axial conduit 73 of the connector 60.

La pièce 26 forme un venturi et délimite un cône convergent 68, un col 70 puis un cône divergent 72 pour constituer avec un injecteur 74 fixé dans le corps central un dispositif d'aspiration dont la fonction sera précisée ci-après.The part 26 forms a venturi and delimits a converging cone 68, a neck 70 and then a divergent cone 72 to constitute, with an injector 74 fixed in the central body, a suction device whose function will be specified below.

La partie centrale arrière 26 est également fixée sur la partie centrale avant 24 du corps, la fixation n'est pas représentée sur la figure 1.The rear central part 26 is also fixed to the front central part 24 of the body, the fixing is not shown in FIG. 1.

Le tubage extérieur est maintenu centré dans le drain 10 par un dispositif de centrage 76 de construction connue.The outer casing is kept centered in the drain 10 by a centering device 76 of known construction.

Par ailleurs des moyens d'étanchéité 78 sont interposés entre le raccord 60 et le tubage extérieur 16.Furthermore, sealing means 78 are interposed between the fitting 60 and the outer casing 16.

Dans cette construction, le diamètre extérieur de l'appareil est inférieur au diamètre intérieur du tubage extérieur 16. L'appareil peut être descendu à l'intérieur du tubage extérieur en manoeuvrant le tubage concentrique intérieur auquel est fixé ledit appareil par le moyen du raccord 60. L'appareil est arrêté par la butée 29 et l'étanchéité du conduit annulaire 17 est complétée par les moyens d'étanchéités 78.In this construction, the outside diameter of the device is smaller than the inside diameter of the outer casing 16. The device can be lowered inside the casing outside by maneuvering the inner concentric casing to which said device is fixed by means of the connector 60. The device is stopped by the stop 29 and the sealing of the annular duct 17 is completed by the sealing means 78.

Une variante de construction est proposée et illustrée sur la figure 2 dans le cas où il n'est pas possible de manoeuvrer l'appareil dans le tubage extérieur, en particulier parce que le diamètre intérieur du tubage extérieur est faible.An alternative construction is proposed and illustrated in FIG. 2 in the case where it is not possible to operate the device in the external casing, in particular because the internal diameter of the external casing is small.

La figure 2 représente la partie arrière du raccord 60 de l'appareil, la partie avant non représentée sur cette figure étant identique à celle de la figure 1.FIG. 2 represents the rear part of the fitting 60 of the device, the front part not shown in this figure being identical to that of FIG. 1.

Le raccord 60 est en butée arrière ou amont sur un épaulement 80 et est donc immobilisé en translation par le jeu des deux butées 80 et 29.The connector 60 is in rear or upstream abutment on a shoulder 80 and is therefore immobilized in translation by the play of the two stops 80 and 29.

Sur l'extrémité amont du raccord 60, il est fixé une fourrure de guidage 81 comportant au moins deux rainures longitudinales dans lesquelles sont disposés des doigts de verrouillage 82. La fixation 83 de ces doigts est adaptée à ce qu'ils puissent se déformer radialement pour accrocher le tubage 14 par son extrémité comportant un raccord d'accrochage 84. Le raccord d'accrochage 84 comporte une pièce 85 de retenue, adaptée à coopérer avec les doigts de verrouillage, et une extension aval 86 adaptée à coopérer avec les moyens d'étanchéité 87 portés par l'intérieur de la fourrure 81.On the upstream end of the connector 60, there is fixed a guide sleeve 81 comprising at least two longitudinal grooves in which are arranged locking fingers 82. The fixing 83 of these fingers is adapted so that they can deform radially for hanging the casing 14 at its end comprising a coupling 84. The coupling 84 includes a retaining piece 85, adapted to cooperate with the locking fingers, and a downstream extension 86 adapted to cooperate with the means of seal 87 carried by the interior of the fur 81.

La réalisation de la figure 2 permet de descendre l'appareil en même temps que l'on descend le tubage extérieur 16, puis de descendre concentriquement le tubage intérieur 14, équipé du raccord 84, et de raccorder le tubage intérieur 14 sur l'appareil pour délimiter les conduits 17 et 19.The embodiment of FIG. 2 allows the device to be lowered at the same time as the outer casing 16 is lowered, then the inner casing 14, concentrically lowered, equipped with the connector 84, and the inner casing 14 is connected to the device to delimit conduits 17 and 19.

La figure 3 représente agrandie une réalisation de la tête 32 de la partie extérieure 22 du corps 20.FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of an embodiment of the head 32 of the external part 22 of the body 20.

La tête comporte deux parties 90 et 91 solidarisées par des vis 93 réparties sur la circonférence. Une entretoise 92 est intercalée entre les deux parties. L'entretoise est percée en son centre pour laisser la continuité du conduit 34 vers la cavité 36. Des joints d'étanchéité 94a et 94b complètent le montage de ce système de réglage de la distance entre les orifices 38 et les orifices de retour 30. En effet il suffit de posséder un jeu d'entretoises pour faire varier cette distance en ajoutant ou en retirant une épaisseur déterminée d'entretoises. Il peut être nécessaire de posséder également d'un jeu de vis 93 de différentes longueurs.The head has two parts 90 and 91 secured by screws 93 distributed over the circumference. A spacer 92 is interposed between the two parts. The spacer is pierced in its center to leave the continuity of the conduit 34 towards the cavity 36. Seals 94a and 94b complete the mounting of this system for adjusting the distance between the orifices 38 and the return orifices 30. Indeed it suffices to have a set of spacers to vary this distance by adding or removing a determined thickness spacers. It may also be necessary to have a set of screws 93 of different lengths.

Sur cette figure 3 est représenté le montage d'une duse 95 sur le conduit axial 34. La fonction de cette duse sera décrite ci-après, mais cette duse n'est pas indispensable dans le cadre de cette invention. Il en est de même de la cavité 36 qui représente un élargissement du conduit 34 non indispensable, en particulier s'il n'y a pas de duse 95.In this figure 3 is shown the mounting of a nozzle 95 on the axial duct 34. The function of this nozzle will be described below, but this nozzle is not essential in the context of this invention. The same is true of the cavity 36 which represents an enlargement of the duct 34 which is not essential, in particular if there is no nozzle 95.

Les orifices 38 sont percés dans la pièce d'extrémité 96, la direction de ces perçages est en direction de la paroi du drain 10 et préférentiellement inclinée vers l'amont de l'appareil ou vers les orifices 30 de retour de fluide. Cet angle A peut être variable entre 10 et 80 degrés, mais sera préférentiellement de 60 degrés. On ne sortira pas du cadre de cette invention si ces orifices 38 sont les orifices de duses montées sur la tête 96 suivant la disposition décrite plus haut. Dans ce cas il sera possible de changer le diamètre d'orifices de sortie du fluide sans changer l'extrémité 96 de la tête 32.The orifices 38 are drilled in the end piece 96, the direction of these holes is in the direction of the wall of the drain 10 and preferably inclined upstream of the device or towards the orifices 30 for the return of fluid. This angle A can be variable between 10 and 80 degrees, but will preferably be 60 degrees. It will not depart from the scope of this invention if these orifices 38 are the orifices of the tubes mounted on the head 96 according to the arrangement described above. In this case it will be possible to change the diameter of the fluid outlet orifices without changing the end 96 of the head 32.

L'extrémité 96 portant les orifices 38 est de préférence immobile par rapport à l'appareil, mais il sera possible qu'elle soit rotative grâce au montage représenté figure 3. La tête 96 est libre en rotation grâce au roulement 97, l'étanchéité étant assurée par les moyens 98. La mise en rotation pouvant être obtenue notamment grâce à la construction où les axes des orifices ne sont pas concourant sur l'axe longitudinal de l'appareil.The end 96 carrying the orifices 38 is preferably stationary relative to the device, but it will be possible for it to be rotary thanks to the assembly shown in FIG. 3. The head 96 is free to rotate thanks to the bearing 97, the seal being provided by the means 98. The rotation which can be obtained in particular thanks to the construction where the axes of the orifices are not concurrent on the longitudinal axis of the device.

Le fonctionnement de l'appareil est le suivant :The operation of the device is as follows:

Le tubage intérieur 14 est alimenté en fluide, en l'occurrence de l'eau, à partir de la surface. Ce fluide, parvenant dans le raccord 60 passe du conduit axial 19 par les conduits 62 vers le conduit annulaire 64 délimité entre les parties centrales et extérieures du corps, pour parvenir jusqu'au passage radial 52.The inner casing 14 is supplied with fluid, in this case water, from the surface. This fluid, arriving in the connector 60 passes from the axial conduit 19 through the conduits 62 towards the annular conduit 64 delimited between the central and external parts of the body, to reach the radial passage 52.

Parvenu dans le conduit axial 50, le fluide moteur se divise en deux flux dirigés, l'un vers les orifices 38 et l'autre vers l'injecteur 74. Les sections respectives des orifices 38 ou de la duse 95 et de l'injecteur sont choisies de façon à obtenir une répartition déterminée du débit, qui peut être par exemple 3/5 du débit incident en direction de l'injecteur et 2/5 en direction des orifices 38.Arrived in the axial duct 50, the working fluid is divided into two directed flows, one towards the orifices 38 and the other towards the injector 74. The respective sections of the orifices 38 or of the nozzle 95 and of the injector are chosen so as to obtain a determined distribution of the flow rate, which can for example be 3/5 of the incident flow rate in the direction of the injector and 2/5 in the direction of the orifices 38.

Les jets de fluide émis par les orifices 38 sont en direction de la paroi du drain et provoque une agitation efficace des particules solides de sable ou autres sédiments accumulés dans le drain. Le fluide chargé de ces particules est aspiré au niveau des orifices 30 par les conduits 35, cet effet d'aspiration étant provoqué dans le venturi 68-72 par le deuxième flux de liquide moteur, émis par l'injecteur 74.The jets of fluid emitted by the orifices 38 are in the direction of the wall of the drain and cause effective agitation of solid particles of sand or other sediments accumulated in the drain. The fluid charged with these particles is sucked in at the orifices 30 by the conduits 35, this suction effect being caused in the venturi 68-72 by the second flow of working liquid, emitted by the injector 74.

Les orifices 30 d'aspiration débouchent sensiblement à la périphérie du corps de l'appareil, se situant ainsi au plus proche de la paroi du drain où circule préférentiellement le fluide chargé venant des orifices de sorties. Plus les orifices d'aspiration seront proche de la paroi du drain, plus efficace sera le nettoyage du drain. La distance suffisante entre les orifices 38 et 30 assure que les directions des vitesses des particules solides sont sensiblement unidirectionnelles et parallèles à l'axe longitudinal au voisinage des ouvertures 30, ce qui favorise l'entrée des particules dans les canaux 35 par les orifices 30. La détermination de cette distance tient compte de l'énergie des turbulences créées par les orifices 38 et de la section de l'espace annulaire entre la tête 32 et les parois du drain.The suction orifices 30 open out substantially at the periphery of the body of the device, thus being located as close as possible to the wall of the drain where the charged fluid preferably flows from the outlet orifices. The closer the suction ports are to the wall of the drain, the more effective the cleaning of the drain will be. The sufficient distance between the orifices 38 and 30 ensures that the directions of the speeds of the solid particles are substantially unidirectional and parallel to the longitudinal axis in the vicinity of the openings 30, which promotes the entry of the particles into the channels 35 through the orifices 30 The determination of this distance takes into account the energy of the turbulence created by the orifices 38 and the section of the annular space between the head 32 and the walls of the drain.

Le fluide moteur et le liquide chargé de particules se mélangent dans la partie 70, 72 du corps et sont dirigés vers la surface en traversant le raccord 60 par les conduits 66 et en parcourant le conduit annulaire 17 délimité entre les deux tubages.The working fluid and the liquid charged with particles mix in the part 70, 72 of the body and are directed towards the surface by crossing the connection 60 by the conduits 66 and by traversing the annular conduit 17 delimited between the two casings.

La distance entre les deux orifices de sortie et de retour sera réglée pour l'adaptation de l'appareil aux conditions de nettoyage d'un site particulier, notamment en prenant en compte le pompage disponible sur le chantier et la dimension intérieure du drain.The distance between the two outlet and return orifices will be adjusted to adapt the device to the cleaning conditions of a particular site, in particular by taking into account the pumping available on the site and the internal dimension of the drain.

D'une façon plus générale, l'appareil peut faire l'objet de nombreuses autres variantes, tant dans la réalisation des pièces qui le composent que dans le nombre et la disposition des différents conduits d'amenée et de retour du fluide de nettoyage.More generally, the device can be the subject of many other variants, both in the production of the parts that compose it and in the number and arrangement of the various supply and return conduits for the cleaning fluid.

Dans la réalisation préférentielle décrite, le fluide chargé de particules solides remonte vers la surface par l'intermédiaire du conduit annulaire 17, alors que le fluide moteur est injecté par le conduit axial 19. On ne sortira pas du cadre de cette invention si c'est l'inverse, à condition que la vitesse du fluide chargé soit suffisante pour éviter la sédimentation des particules dans le conduit. De plus, on choisira préférentiellement de faire remonter le fluide chargé dans la conduite de plus grande section afin de limiter les pertes de charge en aval du venturi qui viennent limiter l'effet de succion.In the preferred embodiment described, the fluid loaded with solid particles rises to the surface via the annular conduit 17, while the working fluid is injected through the axial conduit 19. It will not depart from the scope of this invention if it is the opposite, provided that the speed of the charged fluid is sufficient to avoid sedimentation of the particles in the conduit. In addition, it is preferable to choose to raise the charged fluid in the pipe of larger section in order to limit the pressure losses downstream of the venturi which limit the suction effect.

On va maintenant décrire à propos des autres figures une installation à laquelle est intégré l'appareil décrit ci-dessus, ainsi qu'une méthode opératoire.We will now describe, with reference to the other figures, an installation in which the apparatus described above is integrated, as well as an operating method.

La figure 4a représente un tubage principal 12 qui s'étend à partir de la surface et qui comporte une partie verticale, puis une partie courbe, pour se prolonger par le drain 10 sensiblement horizontal.FIG. 4a represents a main casing 12 which extends from the surface and which comprises a vertical part, then a curved part, to be extended by the substantially horizontal drain 10.

On introduit tout d'abord dans ce tubage principal le tubage extérieur 16 comportant à son extrémité le fourreau 28 et le dispositif de centrage 76.First of all, the external casing 16 is introduced into this main casing comprising at its end the sheath 28 and the centering device 76.

Deux configurations sont possibles en fonction du diamètre intérieur du tubage 16 :

  • 1) l'appareil est fixé sur l'extrémité du tubage 16 suivant la variante de la figure 2, l'appareil est alors descendu avec le tubage 16,
  • 2) le tubage 16 comporte à son extrémité le fourreau 28 seul, suivant la configuration de la figure 1.
Two configurations are possible depending on the internal diameter of the casing 16:
  • 1) the apparatus is fixed to the end of the casing 16 according to the variant of FIG. 2, the apparatus is then lowered with the casing 16,
  • 2) the casing 16 has at its end the sleeve 28 alone, according to the configuration of FIG. 1.

Puis, on introduit à l'intérieur du tubage 16 le tubage 14 portant à son extrémité le raccord 84 suivant la configuration 2, ou l'appareil proprement dit qui prend place dans le fourreau 28 suivant la configuration 1.Then, inside the casing 16 is introduced the casing 14 carrying at its end the fitting 84 according to the configuration 2, or the apparatus proper which takes place in the sheath 28 according to the configuration 1.

Comme cela est connu dans la technique, les tubages 14 et 16 peuvent être constitués soit par des tubes rigides vissés les uns sur les autres, soit par des éléments continus déroulés depuis la surface.As is known in the art, the casings 14 and 16 can be formed either by rigid tubes screwed on one another, or by continuous elements unwound from the surface.

L'installation peut bien entendu être complétée en reliant le tubage intérieur à une pompe fournissant de l'eau sous pression, et en reliant le tubage extérieur à des moyens connus d'extraction du liquide chargé de particules. Ces moyens connus peuvent être notamment des éléments de tubes rigides comportant deux tubes concentriques, le conduit du tube intérieur étant raccordé sur le conduit 19 et l'annulaire entre le tube intérieur et le tube extérieur étant raccordé sur le conduit 17. L'avancement du nettoyage se fait alors en ajoutant ces éléments les uns sur les autres.The installation can of course be completed by connecting the inner casing to a pump supplying pressurized water, and by connecting the outer casing to known means for extracting the liquid laden with particles. These known means can in particular be elements of rigid tubes comprising two concentric tubes, the conduit of the inner tube being connected to the conduit 19 and the annular between the inner tube and the outer tube being connected to the conduit 17. The advancement of the cleaning is then done by adding these elements on top of each other.

On peut également, comme cela est décrit dans le document EP 417009, utiliser un dispositif comportant deux tubes parallèles dans le puits 12 et remontant jusqu'en surface.It is also possible, as described in document EP 417009, to use a device comprising two parallel tubes in the well 12 and rising to the surface.

Cependant, suivant l'installation de l'invention, on utilise une boite de raccordement 100 représentée sur la figure 5A ou 5B. Selon la figure 4A, la boite de raccordement est montée en surface sur l'extrémité du tubage 16. On descend ensuite le tubage 14 suivant l'une ou l'autre des configurations numérotées 1 et 2. Lorsque l'appareil est en arrêt sur la butée 29, ou lorsque le tubage 14 est verrouillé dans la fourrure 81, on fixe l'extrémité du tubage 14 dans la boite de raccordement 100.However, depending on the installation of the invention, a connection box 100 shown in FIG. 5A or 5B is used. According to FIG. 4A, the connection box is mounted on the surface on the end of the casing 16. Next, the casing 14 is lowered either of the configurations numbered 1 and 2. When the apparatus is stopped on the stop 29, or when the casing 14 is locked in the sleeve 81, the end of the casing 14 is fixed in the box connection 100.

Les deux variantes de la boite 100 seront décrits plus précisément ci-après, mais pour poursuivre l'enchaînement des étapes de la méthode opérationnelle, il suffira de savoir que la boite comporte une coupelle d'étanchéité 102 faisant étanchéité entre le corps de la boite et le tubage principal 12, que la partie supérieure de la boite comporte un filetage 105 adapté à connecter un tubage de manoeuvre 106 et qu'elle est adaptée à mettre en communication le conduit 19 avec le conduit intérieur 107 du tubage de manoeuvre et le conduit 17 avec le conduit annulaire 108 entre le tubage de manoeuvre et le puits 12, ou inversement dans la deuxième variante de la figure 6.The two variants of the box 100 will be described more precisely below, but to continue the sequence of steps of the operational method, it will suffice to know that the box has a sealing cup 102 sealing between the body of the box and the main casing 12, that the upper part of the box has a thread 105 adapted to connect an operating casing 106 and that it is adapted to put the conduit 19 in communication with the inner conduit 107 of the operating casing and the conduit 17 with the annular conduit 108 between the operating casing and the well 12, or vice versa in the second variant of FIG. 6.

La figure 4B représente donc les deux tubages 14 et 16 connectés à la boite 100 et sur laquelle un premier tronçon de tubage de manoeuvre 106 est connecté. Le corps 20 de l'appareil dépasse du tubage 16.FIG. 4B therefore represents the two casings 14 and 16 connected to the box 100 and to which a first section of operating casing 106 is connected. The body 20 of the device protrudes from the casing 16.

En continuant à assembler des tubages de manoeuvre, on descend l'appareil jusqu'au drain à nettoyer.Continuing to assemble operating casings, the device is lowered to the drain to be cleaned.

La figure 4C illustre le début de l'opération de nettoyage, après que l'intérieur 107 des tubages 106 soit raccordé à un pompe de circulation 109, la circulation de retour du fluide chargé de sédiment remontant dans l'annulaire 108 pour être collectée par la goulotte 110 vers une installation de séparation.FIG. 4C illustrates the start of the cleaning operation, after the interior 107 of the casings 106 is connected to a circulation pump 109, the return circulation of the fluid loaded with sediment rising in the annular 108 to be collected by the chute 110 to a separation installation.

La figure 4D montre l'avancement du nettoyage.Figure 4D shows the progress of cleaning.

Lorsque l'opération de nettoyage est achevée, on effectue la remontée de l'appareil en démontant les tubages de manoeuvre 106, en remontant le tubage 14, soit avec l'appareil fixé à son extrémité suivant la configuration 2, soit suivant la configuration 1 après rupture de la pièce de retenue 85, notamment par traction à partir du tubage 14. On démonte ensuite la boite de raccordement, puis les tubages 16.When the cleaning operation is completed, the device is raised by dismantling the operating casings 106, by reassembling the casing 14, either with the device fixed at its end according to configuration 2, or according to configuration 1 after rupture of the retaining part 85, in particular by pulling from the casing 14. The connection box is then dismantled, then the casings 16.

La figure 5A représente la boite de raccordement 100 vissée sur le tubage 16 par une connexion 101. La boite comporte une coupelle 102 d'étanchéité, par exemple une coupelle de tester-cup de la société Cameron Iron Works. Des orifices 103 mettent en communication l'intérieur de la boite avec l'extérieur, au-dessus de la coupelle 102. Le tubage 14 est maintenu par un système d'accrochage 104 bloqué en translation vers le bas par un rétreint 111. Le système d'accrochage 104 comporte également un moyen d'étanchéité pour isoler l'annulaire 17 de l'intérieur 107 du tubage de manoeuvre. La fixation du système d'accrochage 104 se fait sur une longueur de tubage 14 située au-dessus de la boite, puis on descend le tubage 14 pour le suspendre par l'intermédiaire du système 104 arrêté par le rétreint 111.FIG. 5A represents the connection box 100 screwed onto the casing 16 by a connection 101. The box comprises a sealing cup 102, for example a tester-cup cup from the company Cameron Iron Works. Ports 103 put the inside of the box in communication with the outside, above the cup 102. The casing 14 is maintained by a fastening system 104 blocked in translation downwards by a constriction 111. The fastening system 104 also comprises a sealing means for isolating the ring finger 17 from the interior 107 of the operating casing. The attachment system 104 is fixed on a length of casing 14 located above the box, then the casing 14 is lowered to suspend it by means of the system 104 stopped by the constriction 111.

La figure 5B représente une variante de la boite pour permettre de relier le conduit 19 au conduit annulaire 108 et le conduit annulaire 17 au conduit axial 107 du tubage de manoeuvre 106. Les fixations d'extrémités 101 et 105, ainsi que la coupelle 102 peuvent être communs aux deux variantes. Une pièce de suspension 112 est fixée sur l'extrémité du tubage 14 par un système d'accrochage 113 comportant un ensemble de mâchoires serrées par des vis radiales sur le tubage 14 et un packer 115 d'étanchéité sur le tubage 14. Cette pièce 112 est bloquée vers le bas par le rétreint 114. Dans cette position, les joints 117 et 116 portés par la pièce 112 délimitent les communications des différents conduits. Une cavité 118 de la pièce 112 coopère avec l'orifice 119 pour mettre en communication le conduit 19 avec le conduit 108. Des conduits 120 percés longitudinalement à la pièce 112 mettent en communication le conduit 17 avec le conduit axial 107.FIG. 5B shows a variant of the box to allow the conduit 19 to be connected to the annular conduit 108 and the annular conduit 17 to the axial conduit 107 of the operating casing 106. The end fasteners 101 and 105, as well as the cup 102 can be common to both variants. A suspension part 112 is fixed to the end of the casing 14 by a fastening system 113 comprising a set of jaws tightened by radial screws on the casing 14 and a sealing packer 115 on the casing 14. This part 112 is blocked downward by the constriction 114. In this position, the seals 117 and 116 carried by the part 112 delimit the communications of the various conduits. A cavity 118 of the part 112 cooperates with the orifice 119 to put the conduit 19 in communication with the conduit 108. Conduits 120 pierced longitudinally in the part 112 put the conduit 17 in communication with the axial conduit 107.

L'utilisation de l'une ou l'outre des versions de la boite 100 sera conditionnée notamment par la vitesse de remontée du fluide chargé de particules solides. En effet, dans certain cas il sera possible de régler cette vitesse en utilisant des tubages de manoeuvre de diamètre suffisamment grand pour diminuer la section de l'annulaire 108 et ainsi augmenter la vitesse de remontée du fluide. Lorsque cela n'est pas possible, notamment pour des raisons de poids ou d'encombrement, on fera remonter le fluide de retour par l'intérieur du tubage de manoeuvre.The use of one or the other versions of the box 100 will be conditioned in particular by the rate of ascent of the fluid loaded with solid particles. In fact, in certain cases it will be possible to adjust this speed by using maneuvering pipes of sufficiently large diameter to reduce the section of the annular 108 and thus increase the rate of rise of the fluid. When this is not possible, in particular for reasons of weight or size, the return fluid will be raised through the interior of the operating casing.

Dans ce cas, il faut pomper dans l'annulaire 108 et disposer en surface d'un moyen d'étanchéité annulaire, par exemple un BOP.In this case, it is necessary to pump into the annular 108 and have an annular sealing means on the surface, for example a BOP.

Claims (14)

  1. Device for cleaning a horizontal or slightly sloping drain (10) in which solid particles have accumulated, the said device being designed to be arranged on the end of two concentric pipe strings (14, 16), delineating two passages (17, 19) also concentric, this device having a body (20) which is provided with at least one outlet orifice (38) for the fluid and at least one return orifice (30) for the fluid, the said body delineating on the one hand a supply path for the cleaning fluid and on the other a return path for the fluid carrying solid particles, these two paths being designed so as to link respectively with the two passages (17, 19) delineated by the pipe strings, characterised in that the said device comprises in combination:
    - an outlet orifice directed towards the wall of the drain (10) and inclined towards the return orifice,
    - a return orifice which opens out substantially at the periphery of the body,
    - means for setting the distance between the outlet and return orifices to a predetermined distance in order to encourage the solid particles to move into the return orifice.
  2. Device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the outlet orifices are inclined at an angle ranging between 10 and 80 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the body and in the direction of the return orifice.
  3. Device as claimed in one of the previous claims, characterised in that it has three outlet orifices distributed at 120° relative to the longitudinal axis of the said body and located between the return orifice and the bottom of the drain.
  4. Device as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that the end (96) of the body having the outlet orifices is rotatable.
  5. Device as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the setting means comprises a set of cross-pieces (92) stacked between the two orifices.
  6. Device as claimed in one of the previous claims, characterised in that the fluid supply path has, inside the body (20) from upstream to downstream, an annular passage (54), at least one radial passage (52) and one axial passage (50, 34), and the path for the return fluid carrying particles has, from upstream to downstream, at least one passage (35) opening from the body via the return orifice (20), one annular passage (68) surrounding an injector (74) for working fluid and one axial passage (70, 72).
  7. Device as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that the annular passage (68) and the axial passage (70, 72) form a venturi tube which, in conjunction with the injector, constitute a suction device.
  8. Device as claimed in one of claims 6 or 7, characterised in that working fluid is fed to the injector (74) from the radial passage (52) and the axial passage (50), the fluid flow splitting up inside the axial passage (50) into two opposite flows directed respectively to the outlet orifices (38) and the injector (74).
  9. Device as claimed in one of claims 6 to 8, characterised in that the section of the injector passage (74) is greater than the sum of the sections of the outlet orifices (38).
  10. Device as claimed in one of the previous claims, characterised in that the body (20) is linked at its rear or upstream part to a connector (60) having two sets of passages (62, 66) which provide communication respectively between an upstream axial passage (19) and a downstream annular passage (64) and between an upstream annular passage (17) and a downstream axial passage (73).
  11. Device as claimed in one of the previous claims, characterised in that it is fastened onto the outer concentric pipe string (16) and in that it has means (81, 82, 84, 85) operated from the surface for connecting the inner pipe string (14) to the said device.
  12. Device as claimed in one of claims 1 to 1-10, characterised in that its external diameter is smaller than the internal diameter of the said outer concentric pipe string and in that the body (20) co-operates with the end of the outer concentric pipe string by dint of sealing (78) and axial stop (29) means.
  13. Device as claimed in one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that a connection box (100) is connected onto the two concentric pipe strings (14, 16) and has in particular a means (102) providing a seal between the exterior of the said box and the walls of the well (12), the said box being linked to the surface by a servicing pipe string (106), the said sealing means and the said servicing string delineating an inner passage (107) and an annular passage (108) and in that the said box is designed to provide communication between either the said passage of the inner pipe string (19) and the inner passage (107) of the servicing string, where the annulus (108) of the servicing string is linked to the other passage (17) of the concentric pipe strings, or the said passage (19) of the inner pipe string with the annulus (108) of the servicing string, where the interior (107) of the servicing string is linked to the other passage (17) of the concentric pipe strings.
  14. Method of implementing the device as claimed in one of claims 1 to 13, characterised in that it comprises the following steps:
    - a length of outer pipe string (16) with or without the said device fastened to its end is lowered into the well, the said length being adjusted to suit the length over which cleaning will be performed in the drain (10),
    - the other concentric pipe string is lowered inside the said concentric pipe string and either it is connected onto the said device when the latter, fastened onto the outer pipe string, is lowered, or until the said device co-operates with the end of the said outer pipe string by dint of the sealing and stop means if the device is fastened to the other pipe string.
    - the connection box (100) is connected onto the said pipe strings,
    - the assembly comprising the device, the concentric pipe strings and the connection box is lowered by adding servicing strings (106) above the said box.
    - the drain is cleaned by injecting a fluid pumped through the interior passage (107) of the servicing strings or into the annulus (108) of the servicing strings.
EP92401646A 1991-06-21 1992-06-15 Device and installation for the cleaning of drain pipes, in particular in oil production wells Expired - Lifetime EP0519793B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9107638 1991-06-21
FR9107638A FR2678021B1 (en) 1991-06-21 1991-06-21 APPARATUS AND INSTALLATION FOR CLEANING DRAINS, ESPECIALLY IN A WELL FOR OIL PRODUCTION.

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0519793A2 EP0519793A2 (en) 1992-12-23
EP0519793A3 EP0519793A3 (en) 1993-03-10
EP0519793B1 true EP0519793B1 (en) 1996-03-27

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EP92401646A Expired - Lifetime EP0519793B1 (en) 1991-06-21 1992-06-15 Device and installation for the cleaning of drain pipes, in particular in oil production wells

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US (1) US5280825A (en)
EP (1) EP0519793B1 (en)
CA (1) CA2071683C (en)
DK (1) DK0519793T3 (en)
FR (1) FR2678021B1 (en)
NO (1) NO306634B1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO922449D0 (en) 1992-06-19
CA2071683C (en) 2002-10-29
CA2071683A1 (en) 1992-12-22
DK0519793T3 (en) 1996-07-08
EP0519793A3 (en) 1993-03-10
FR2678021B1 (en) 1999-01-15
NO306634B1 (en) 1999-11-29
US5280825A (en) 1994-01-25
FR2678021A1 (en) 1992-12-24
NO922449L (en) 1992-12-22
EP0519793A2 (en) 1992-12-23

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