EP1230522B1 - Vaporiseur-condenseur et installation de distillation d'air correspondante - Google Patents
Vaporiseur-condenseur et installation de distillation d'air correspondante Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1230522B1 EP1230522B1 EP00958698A EP00958698A EP1230522B1 EP 1230522 B1 EP1230522 B1 EP 1230522B1 EP 00958698 A EP00958698 A EP 00958698A EP 00958698 A EP00958698 A EP 00958698A EP 1230522 B1 EP1230522 B1 EP 1230522B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- condenser
- exchanger body
- reboiler
- confinement chamber
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 21
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 75
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 208000031968 Cadaver Diseases 0.000 description 17
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000021183 entrée Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002829 nitrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002926 oxygen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
- F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
- F25J3/04872—Vertical layout of cold equipments within in the cold box, e.g. columns, heat exchangers etc.
- F25J3/04884—Arrangement of reboiler-condensers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04006—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit
- F25J3/04078—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression
- F25J3/0409—Providing pressurised feed air or process streams within or from the air fractionation unit providing pressurized products by liquid compression and vaporisation with cold recovery, i.e. so-called internal compression of oxygen
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
- F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
- F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
- F25J3/04406—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system
- F25J3/04412—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air using a dual pressure main column system in a classical double column flowsheet, i.e. with thermal coupling by a main reboiler-condenser in the bottom of low pressure respectively top of high pressure column
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J5/00—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants
- F25J5/002—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger
- F25J5/005—Arrangements of cold exchangers or cold accumulators in separation or liquefaction plants for continuously recuperating cold, i.e. in a so-called recuperative heat exchanger in a reboiler-condenser, e.g. within a column
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
- F28D9/0006—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the plate-like or laminated conduits being enclosed within a pressure vessel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2250/00—Details related to the use of reboiler-condensers
- F25J2250/02—Bath type boiler-condenser using thermo-siphon effect, e.g. with natural or forced circulation or pool boiling, i.e. core-in-kettle heat exchanger
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/32—Details on header or distribution passages of heat exchangers, e.g. of reboiler-condenser or plate heat exchangers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/42—Modularity, pre-fabrication of modules, assembling and erection, horizontal layout, i.e. plot plan, and vertical arrangement of parts of the cryogenic unit, e.g. of the cold box
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
- F25J2290/00—Other details not covered by groups F25J2200/00 - F25J2280/00
- F25J2290/44—Particular materials used, e.g. copper, steel or alloys thereof or surface treatments used, e.g. enhanced surface
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
- Y10S62/902—Apparatus
- Y10S62/903—Heat exchange structure
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S62/00—Refrigeration
- Y10S62/902—Apparatus
- Y10S62/905—Column
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a vaporizer-condenser of the bath type, comprising at least one heat exchanger body, having a multitude of flat passages for countercurrent circulation of two fluids from one or more distillation columns, according to a same direction, and at least one sealed containment enclosure of a fluid containing the or each heat exchanger body, the enclosure of containment comprising a central section of generally cylindrical shape along a longitudinal axis, the longitudinal axis of the central section of the said each containment enclosure being substantially orthogonal to the flow direction against the flow of fluids in flat passages of the corresponding heat exchanger body.
- substantially orthogonal' includes deviations up to 30 °, or 20 °, preferably 10 ° of the strict orthogonality.
- a vaporizer-condenser of this kind is known from DE-A-1152432 in which the confinement enclosure is delimited in part by the body heat exchanger, the liquid bath of the vaporizer being exclusively outside the containment element.
- the invention applies in particular to distillation plants of air with double column, ie with medium pressure column connected thermally with a low pressure column, equipped with vaporizers-condensers of the aforementioned type.
- liquid oxygen which is in the vat of the low pressure column is vaporized in the vaporizer-condenser by heat exchange with the nitrogen gas taken at the head of the medium pressure column.
- the temperature difference between oxygen and nitrogen made necessary by the structure of the vaporizer-condenser imposes the pressure of operation of the medium pressure column.
- a first solution would be to increase the height of the body heat exchanger of the vaporizer-condenser to increase the heat exchange surface.
- such an increase in height induce a hydrostatic overpressure within oxygen passages that would tend to increase the temperature difference and that would harm the good operation of the vaporizer-condenser.
- Another solution would be to multiply the number of passages dedicated to oxygen and nitrogen, for example by increasing the number of juxtaposed heat exchanger blocks that make up the body exchanger and which operate in parallel within the vaporizer-condenser.
- the low pressure column overcomes the vaporizer-condenser which overcomes itself the medium pressure column.
- the central section of the vaporizer-condenser sealed enclosure is then constituted by a ferrule of vertical axis of revolution. This ferrule is preferably of the same diameter as the ferrules defining the columns medium pressure and low pressure.
- the object of the invention is to solve this problem by providing a vaporizer-condenser of the aforementioned type, which can operate with reduced temperature differences and which makes it possible in particular to produce double-column, relatively simple and low-pressure air distillation installations. expensive to build.
- the subject of the invention is a vaporizer-condenser according to claim 1.
- the invention further relates to an air distillation plant according to claim 13.
- 'Substantially horizontal' means horizontal or having deviations of up to 30 °, preferably 10 ° of horizontality. Obviously the exchanger body inside the enclosure must remain horizontal for its operation to be ensured.
- the low pressure column 3 overcomes the medium pressure column 2.
- a vertical shell 10 maintains the head of the medium pressure column 2 spaced from the vessel of the low pressure column 3.
- the main heat exchange line 5 comprises, in the example shown, five heat exchanger blocks 11. These exchanger blocks 11 are connected in parallel with the rest of the installation 1 but, for clarity, the connections of only one of these blocks have been shown in Figure 1. The nature of these connections will appear more clearly when describing the operation of the installation 1 which will be made later.
- the vaporizer-condenser 4 comprises two heat exchanger bodies 13 (FIG. brazed aluminum and which are each arranged in a sealed enclosure and cylindrical 14 oxygen containment stainless steel or aluminum ( Figure 2).
- a single heat exchanger body 13 and a single enclosure 14 for oxygen confinement are visible in FIG.
- a vaporizer-condenser according to the invention can not have only one exchanger body and therefore a single enclosure of confinement or at least three exchanger bodies, each having its own pregnant.
- Each body 13 has a height between 800 and 1400mm.
- the vaporizer-condenser 4 being symmetrical with respect to a plane P whose trace is visible in Figure 4, only half of the Structure of this vaporizer-condenser 4 will be described below. So, a only heat exchanger body 13 and a single sealed enclosure 14 will therefore be described in the following.
- the heat exchanger body 13 has a generally elongated shape along a horizontal axis X-X horizontal or substantially horizontal and comprises, in the example shown, five blocks of heat exchanger 16 with similar brazed and contiguous plates.
- the five blocks 15 are substantially identical; their number is chosen according to the size the vaporizer, thus facilitating the dimensioning, because identical blocks will be mass produced. So there can be at least five or more five blocks 15.
- the heat exchanger body 13 is symmetrical by relative to a longitudinal, vertical and median plane Q whose trace is visible in Figure 4.
- Each heat exchanger block 16 comprises a stack of brazed rectangular parallel plates 17 which define two by two passages dedicated alternately to nitrogen and oxygen.
- the spacing between the parallel plates 17 is provided by spacer waves which also fulfill the function of thermal fins.
- the flat passages blocks are oriented transversally to the dimension longitudinal of the enclosure 14.
- a passage 18 dedicated to nitrogen is visible in FIG.
- the main heat exchange region 19 includes a wave spacer with vertical generators.
- Each input distributor region 20 is in the shape of a right triangle, arranged at an upper corner 22 of the passage 18 and includes a spacer wave generators horizontal.
- the two input distribution areas 20 meet at the median plane level Q, the major bases of these regions 20 in triangle rectangle being horizontal.
- the structure and layout of the outlet collecting regions 21 is analogous to that of the input distributor regions 20, these regions 21 being each disposed at a lower corner 23 of the passage 18.
- the passage 18 is closed around its periphery by bars vertical and horizontal except on the one hand at the level of the small bases 24 vertical triangular input regions 20 and small bases 25 triangular regions of exit 21, and secondly, at the level of liquid nitrogen introduction means which will be mentioned later.
- the small bases 24 and 25 of the input and output regions 21 five heat exchanger blocks 16 form on each side of the body heat exchanger 13, respectively a series of entrance windows and a series of horizontally aligned nitrogen exit windows.
- Each series of entrance windows 24 is hermetically capped by an input box 28 of semicircular section, which extends along the five heat exchanger blocks 16.
- Each input box 28 is arranged in the vicinity of the corners 22 of the nitrogen passages 18 and has a height, according to the vertical, significantly higher than that of the small bases 24 of the dispensing regions entry 20.
- Each passage of nitrogen 18 further comprises in the vicinity of the edge bottom of each box 28, means 30 for introducing into the passage 18 liquid nitrogen present in the bottom of the box 28.
- These means 30 are in the form, for example, of a triangular region communicating with the bottom of the input box 28. Such a triangular region converges towards the plane Q and includes a spacer wave with inclined oblique generators down and inside of the passage 18. According to a variant not such means for introducing liquid nitrogen can not be not understand wave to guide liquid nitrogen or be constituted by a bar regularly pierced with orifices.
- Each set of exit windows 25 passages 18 dedicated to the nitrogen is capped hermetically by an outlet box 32, of section semicircle radius inferior to that of the input boxes 28.
- Each box 32 extends longitudinally along the five exchanger blocks 16.
- Each output box 32 is arranged in the vicinity of the lower corners 23 of the passages 18 dedicated to nitrogen and has a height, according to the vertical, superior to that of the small bases 25 of the collecting regions output 21.
- FIG. 5 is a vertical cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of a passage 34 of the heat exchanger body 13 dedicated to oxygen.
- a passage 34 like all passages 34 dedicated to oxygen, comprises a single spacer wave 35 with generators vertical.
- This passage 34 is closed on its lateral sides by two bars vertical 36 and opens outward at its edges horizontal upper 37 and lower 38.
- the exchanger body 13 also comprises, at its level front end (right in Figures 1 and 3) an inlet manifold 39 nitrogen gas, symmetrical with respect to plane Q.
- This inlet manifold 39 comprises an inlet conduit 40 rectilinear and horizontal, and two ducts output 41 bent and each connected to the front end of a box entrance 28.
- Each output box 32 includes, at each block heat exchanger 16, a vertical sleeve 42 connection.
- Two pipes 44 collection of incondensable noble gases extend horizontally on either side of the heat exchanger body 13 the along this one.
- Each collection line 44 is located at a level intermediate between the input box 28 and the output box 32 corresponding.
- These pipes 44 are connected to the ends upper sleeves 42 and open at the end before the heat exchanger body 13, in a conduit 45 collector of incondensable rare gas outlet.
- This outlet manifold duct 45 is horizontal and symmetrical with respect to the plane Q.
- Cross ducts 46 bent are disposed under the heat exchanger body 13 and connect the lower ends of the sleeves 42 for connection to a pipe 48 longitudinal liquid nitrogen outlet collector and which extends horizontally practically the entire length of the exchanger body 13, symmetrically relative to the plane Q.
- the sealed enclosure 14 comprises a central section 50 of generally cylindrical shape, in the form of a ferrule Y-Y axis of revolution.
- This ferrule 50 is closed so at its front end by a front partition 51 and, at its rear end by a rear wall 52.
- the partitions 51 and 52 are of concavity directed towards the interior of the enclosure 14.
- the enclosure 50 has, in its front partition 51, three passages circular guides arranged one below the other, respectively 54, 55 and 56 whose sections correspond respectively to those of the inlet duct 40 of the inlet manifold 39 of nitrogen gas, the conduit 45 collector of incondensable noble gas outlet and outlet pipe 48 of liquid nitrogen.
- Another passage 57 for supplying liquid oxygen is provided in this front partition 51 between passages 54 and 55.
- a passage 58 (FIG. 1) for withdrawing liquid oxygen is provided in the rear wall 52.
- a purge 59 is provided in the bottom of the central section 50 of the sealed enclosure 14.
- the heat exchanger body 13 is disposed in the enclosure 14, their longitudinal axes X-X and Y-Y being parallel.
- the conduit 40, the outlet manifold 45 and the collecting duct of output 48 exit outside the sealed enclosure 14 respectively by passages 54, 55 and 56.
- the two sealed enclosures 14 are disposed with their longitudinal axes YY parallel and horizontal.
- the sealed enclosures 14 are connected symmetrically with respect to the plane P to a common gaseous oxygen evacuation pipe 60, which extends above sealed enclosures 14, parallel to their longitudinal axes YY.
- the vaporizer-condenser 4 is arranged next to the columns medium pressure 2 and low pressure 3 above the main line heat exchanger 5, the height of which has been reduced in FIG. facilitate representation.
- the vaporizer-condenser 4 is supported by the heat exchange line 5 by means of spacers not shown.
- a part of the heat exchanger body 13 of the vaporizer-condenser 4 is disposed at an intermediate level between the lower column vessel pressure 3 and the head of the medium pressure column 2.
- Nitrogen gas from the head of the middle column pressure 2 is introduced through the inlet manifolds 39 into the two input boxes 28 of each heat exchanger body 13. This Nitrogen gas is distributed, by the distributing regions 20 uniformly across the width of the passages 18 dedicated to the nitrogen of this body heat exchanger 13. The nitrogen then flows vertically downwards in the regions 19 of the passages 18 by gradually condensing.
- Liquid nitrogen possibly present in the bottom of the boxes 28 is introduced in the regions 19 of the passages 18 thanks to means of introduction. This liquid nitrogen then flows vertically down with condensed nitrogen in regions 19.
- Liquid nitrogen is collected at the bottom of regions 19 of passages 18 through the output collector regions 21 and then returned to the two output boxes 32.
- the incondensable fraction contained in this nitrogen flow is sent through the collection lines 44 and the conduit outlet manifold 45 to the outside atmosphere.
- Condensed nitrogen from passages 18 is collected by the transverse conduits 46 and through the outlet manifold 48 and then returned to the head of the medium pressure column 2.
- Liquid oxygen from the bottom column pressure 3 is introduced into each enclosure 14 of oxygen confinement through the passages 57 formed in their partitions before 51. This liquid oxygen forms a bath in each chamber 14 which fills the majority of the interior volume of this waterproof enclosure 14.
- the face upper heat exchanger body 13 corresponding flush slightly above the liquid oxygen bath.
- Liquid oxygen bath travels vertically upwards in the passages 34 of the heat exchanger body 13 considered in counter-current vaporizing the nitrogen circulating in the passages 18.
- LP "poor liquid” (almost pure nitrogen), taken at the head of the medium pressure column 2, is expanded in an expansion valve 62 then injected at the top of the low pressure column 3.
- Impure nitrogen or "waste" NR withdrawn from the top of the low pressure column 3, is reheated at the crossing of the main line heat exchange 11.
- Gaseous oxygen, taken from the bottom of the low pressure column 3 is heated at the crossing of the main heat exchange line 5.
- Liquid oxygen, withdrawn via passages 58 of the sealed enclosures 14 and pump 8, is vaporized at the crossing of the main heat exchange line 5.
- the purges 59 make it possible to evacuate the impurities that accumulate at the bottom of the enclosures 14 for oxygen confinement.
- the structure of the vaporizer-condenser 4 and the position of the speakers watertight 14 makes it possible to reach heat exchange surfaces relatively large by juxtaposition of heat exchanger blocks 16.
- vaporizer-condenser 4 the cost of such a vaporizer-condenser 4 is relatively reduced because of the relatively small diameter of the central sections 50 of the containment 14 oxygen containment and simplicity of the structure of 14.
- the size of the vaporizer-condenser 4 is also relatively small because of the small diameter of the sections central 50 of the speakers 14.
- the circulation of the different fluids between the head of the middle column pressure 2 and the tank of the low pressure column 3 and the vaporizer-condenser 4 can be ensured by limiting the pumping means.
- the length and floor area of the heat exchange line 5 are comparable to those of the vaporizer-condenser 4.
- the height of the medium pressure column 2, and therefore the height at which the vaporizer-condenser 4 must be positioned practically corresponds to the height of the main heat exchange line 5 plus the height necessary for the various connections of this line 5 with the rest of the installation 1.
- the height of the support struts of this vaporizer-condenser 4 is limited.
- the structure and presence for each heat exchanger body 13 of the collector 39, the single outlet manifold 45 and the pipe Exit collector 48 make it possible to limit the number of these junctions. In Indeed, it is necessary to provide for such junctions only at the level of the inlet duct 40 of the inlet manifold 39, of the outlet manifold duct 45, and the front end of the outlet manifold 48.
- FIG. 6 illustrates a variant of the invention that differs from that of Figures 1 to 5 in particular by the following.
- a portion 70 of the inner side of the central section 50 of each enclosure 14 is constituted by a flank 71 of the heat exchanger body 13 correspondent.
- the general cylindrical shape of the central sections 15 is no longer a revolution.
- Each heat exchanger body 13 has no structure symmetrical and comprises, for each passage 18 dedicated to nitrogen, a only triangular entry distributing region and only one region outlet collector 21 triangular which each extend over the entire width of the passage 18 considered.
- a single input box 28 and a single output box 32 are connected to each heat exchanger body 13 on its side 71. These boxes 23 and 25 are located outside the containment enclosure 14 of corresponding oxygen.
- Nitrogen gas is brought from the head of the middle column pressure 2 to the two input boxes 28 via a common intake manifold 73 and two sets of pipes 74.
- the inlet manifold 73 is horizontal and symmetrical with respect to the plane P.
- Each series of conduits 74 comprises transverse pipes 74 regularly spaced from each other and feeding the same box 28.
- This outlet manifold 75 is connected to each box output 32 through a series of transverse conduits 76 regularly spaced apart from each other.
- This outlet collecting duct 77 is connected to each box 32 through a series of transverse pipes 78 regularly spaced apart from each other. The condensed nitrogen is therefore returned to the head of the medium pressure column 2 through the pipe outlet collector 77.
- the liquid oxygen supply of each chamber 14 of Oxygen containment is provided by an inlet manifold 80 disposed in the chamber 14 considered parallel to the Y-axis, and breakthrough regular distribution offices.
- the withdrawal of liquid oxygen from each enclosure 14 is provided by a series of pipes transverse 81 opening into the bottom of the enclosure 14 and by a outlet collecting duct 82 horizontal, symmetrical with respect to the plane P, and common to both speakers 14.
- FIG. 6 also makes it possible to simplify the structure heat exchanger bodies 13 and their connections to the rest of the installation 1.
- inlet manifold 80 the pipes transverse 81 and the common outlet manifold 82 allow to ensure a good circulation of liquid oxygen in the bath of each 14. It should be noted that such conduct may also be provided in the variant of Figures 1 to 5.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrate another variant of the invention which distinguishes mainly from that of Figure 6 by the following.
- each box of exit 32 has a section covering three-quarters of a circle and a corner cap lower 23 of the exchanger body 13 corresponding.
- each passage 34 dedicated to oxygen presents an input distributing region 87.
- This region 87 is shaped rectangular triangle, is disposed at the lower edge 38 of the passage 34 and extends across the entire width of this passage 34.
- the region 87 converges towards the side 71 of the heat exchanger body 13.
- the small base 88 of the inlet dispensing region 87 is located at the flank 89 of the heat exchanger body 13 opposite the flank 71.
- the passage 34 is closed on its lateral sides by two vertical bars 36, except at level of the small base 88 of the input distributing region 87, and by a horizontal bar 90 at the lower edge 38 of the passage 34.
- this variant simplifies the structure of the heat exchanger bodies 13 and their connections to the rest of the distillation plant 1.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Abstract
Description
A cet effet, l'invention a pour objet un vaporiseur-condenseur selon la revendication 1.
- ladite ou chaque enceinte est formée de sorte qu'en usage, un bain de liquide puisse entourer au moins la partie inférieure du corps d'échangeur et de préférence affleure le bord le plus haut de celui-ci ;
- ledit ou chaque corps d'échangeur thermique comprend plusieurs blocs d'échangeur thermique juxtaposés le long de l'axe longitudinal du tronçon central de l'enceinte de confinement correspondante ;
- ledit ou chaque corps d'échangeur thermique comprend des raccords d'amenée et d'évacuation de fluides, ces raccords communiquent avec les passages plats dudit corps d'échangeur thermique et sont affectés par paire à un fluide, les raccords de chaque paire de raccords d'amenée et de sortie affectée à un même fluide étant disposés sensiblement symétriquement par rapport à un plan longitudinal et médian dudit corps d'échangeur thermique ;
- ledit ou chacun desdits corps d'échangeur thermique comprend au moins un collecteur d'entrée et un collecteur de sortie raccordés respectivement à une paire de raccords d'amenée et de sortie affectée à un même fluide ;
- pour ledit ou chaque corps d'échangeur thermique, le ou les collecteur(s) de sortie et le ou les collecteur(s) d'entrée sont supportés par une même région, notamment d'extrémité longitudinale, de l'enceinte de confinement correspondante ;
- pour ladite ou chaque enceinte de confinement, le tronçon central a une forme générale de révolution autour de son axe longitudinal et, de préférence, l'enceinte est cylindrique ;
- ladite ou chaque enceinte de confinement est ou n'est pas délimitée, au niveau de son tronçon central, en partie par le corps d'échangeur thermique correspondant ;
- ledit corps d'échangeur thermique comprend des raccords d'amenée et d'évacuation de fluides communiquant avec les passages plats dudit corps d'échangeur thermique, et ces raccords sont disposés à l'extérieur de ladite enceinte de confinement ;
- ledit ou chaque corps d'échangeur thermique comprend des raccords d'amenée d'un gaz communiquant avec des passages du corps d'échangeur thermique, et ledit corps d'échangeur thermique comprend des moyens d'introduction dans ces passages du gaz condensé présent dans lesdits raccords d'amenée ;
- les passages plats du ou d'au moins un corps sont orientés tranversalement par rapport à la direction longitudinale de l'enceinte de confinement.
- le vaporiseur comprenant au moins deux corps, un ayant des passages plats orientés tranversalement par rapport à la direction longitudinale de son enceinte de confinement et un autre ayant des passages plats orientés parallèlement par rapport à la direction longitudinale de son enceinte de confinement.
'Substantiellement horizontal' veut dire 'horizontal ou ayant des écarts allant jusqu'à à 30°, de préférence 10° de la horizontalité'.
Evidemment le corps d'échangeur à l'intérieur de l'enceinte doit rester horizontal pour que son fonctionnement soit assuré.
- l'installation comprend une colonne moyenne pression, une colonne basse pression, l'azote de tête de la colonne moyenne pression et l'oxygène de cuve de la colonne basse pression étant mis en relation d'échange thermique par le vaporiseur-condenseur ;
- ladite ou chaque enceinte de confinement est disposée à côté des colonnes moyenne pression et basse pression ;
- une partie au moins du vaporiseur-condenseur est disposée à un niveau intermédiaire entre ceux de la cuve de la colonne basse pression et de la tête de la colonne moyenne pression ;
- l'enceinte contient un bain d'oxygène liquide dans lequel est
submergé le corps en usage
et - l'installation comprend une ligne principale d'échange thermique pour refroidir l'air à distiller, et le vaporiseur-condenseur surmonte la ligne principale d'échange thermique, le vaporiseur-condenseur et la ligne principale d'échange thermique ayant éventuellement des axes parallèles.
- la figure 1 est une vue schématique d'une installation de distillation d'air selon l'invention,
- les figures 2 et 3 sont des vues schématiques en perspective illustrant respectivement les enceintes de confinement d'oxygène et les corps d'échangeur thermique du vaporiseur-condenseur de l'installation de la figure 1,
- la figure 4 est une demi-vue schématique en coupe transversale verticale du vaporiseur-condenseur de l'installation de la figure 1 et illustrant notamment la structure d'un passage d'azote,
- la figure 5 est une vue schématique en coupe transversale verticale illustrant un passage d'oxygène du vaporiseur-condenseur de l'installation de la figure 1,
- les figures 6 et 7 sont des vues analogues à la figure 4 illustrant deux variantes de l'invention, et
- la figure 8 est une vue analogue à la figure 5 illustrant la structure d'un passage d'oxygène pour la variante de la figure 7.
- une double colonne de distillation qui comporte une colonne moyenne pression 2, une colonne basse pression 3 et un vaporiseur-condenseur 4 du type à bain,
- une ligne principale d'échange thermique 5,
- un compresseur d'air 6,
- un appareil d'épuration d'air 7, et
- une pompe 8.
Claims (18)
- Vaporiseur-condenseur (4) du type à bain comprenant au moins un corps d'échangeur thermique (13), présentant une multitude de passages plats (18, 34) pour la circulation à contre-courant de deux fluides, provenant d'une ou plusieurs colonnes, selon une même direction et au moins une enceinte étanche (14) de confinement d'un fluide contenant le ou chaque corps d'échangeur thermique, l'enceinte de confinement comprenant un tronçon central (50) de forme générale cylindrique selon un axe longitudinal (Y-Y), l'axe longitudinal du tronçon central de ladite ou de chaque enceinte de confinement étant substantiellement orthogonal à la direction de circulation à contre-courant des fluides dans les passages plats du corps d'échangeur thermique correspondant, caractérisé en ce que, l'enceinte étant destinée à être placée à l'extérieur de toute colonne de distillation, le vaporiseur-condenseur (4) comporte un passage (57) aménagé dans l'enceinte (14) de confinement pour amener du liquide à vaporiser provenant d'une colonne dans un bain dans ladite enceinte.
- Vaporiseur-condenseur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ledit ou chaque corps d'échangeur thermique (13) comprend plusieurs blocs d'échangeur thermique (16) juxtaposés le long de l'axe longitudinal (Y-Y) du tronçon central (50) de l'enceinte de confinement (14) correspondante.
- Vaporiseur-condenseur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que ladite ou chaque enceinte (14) est formée de sorte qu'en usage, un bain de liquide puisse entourer au moins la partie inférieure du corps d'échangeur (13) et de préférence affleure le bord le plus haut de celui-ci.
- Vaporiseur-condenseur selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que ledit ou chaque corps d'échangeur thermique (13) comprend des raccords d'amenée (28) et d'évacuation (32) de fluides, en ce que ces raccords (28, 32) communiquent avec les passages plats (18, 34) dudit corps d'échangeur thermique et sont affectés par paire à un fluide, les raccords de chaque paire de raccords de raccords d'amenée et de sortie affectée à un même fluide étant disposés sensiblement symétriquement par rapport à un plan longitudinal et médian (Q) dudit corps d'échangeur thermique(13).
- Vaporiseur-condenseur selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que ledit ou chacun desdits corps d'échangeur thermique (13) comprend au moins un collecteur d'entrée (39) et un collecteur de sortie (45, 48) raccordés respectivement à une paire de raccords (28, 32) d'amenée et de sortie affectée à un même fluide.
- Vaporiseur-condenseur selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que, pour ledit ou chaque corps d'échangeur thermique (13), le ou les collecteur(s) de sortie (45, 48) et le ou les collecteur(s) d'entrée (39) sont supportés par une même région, notamment d'extrémité longitudinale (51), de l'enceinte de confinement (14) correspondante.
- Vaporiseur-condenseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que, pour ladite ou chaque enceinte de confinement (14), le tronçon central (50) a une forme générale de révolution autour de son axe longitudinal (Y-Y) et éventuellement en ce que l'enceinte est cylindrique.
- Vaporiseur-condenseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que ladite ou chaque enceinte de confinement (14) est ou n'est pas délimitée, au niveau de son tronçon central (50), en partie par le corps d'échangeur thermique (13) correspondant (figures 6 à 8).
- Vaporiseur-condenseur selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que ledit corps d'échangeur thermique (13) comprend des raccords d'amenée (28) et d'évacuation (32) de fluides communiquant avec les passages plats (18, 34) dudit corps d'échangeur thermique, et en ce que ces raccords (28, 32) sont disposés à l'extérieur de ladite enceinte de confinement (14).
- Vaporiseur-condenseur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que ledit ou chaque corps d'échangeur thermique (13) comprend des raccords (28) d'amenée d'un gaz communiquant avec des passages (18) du corps d'échangeur thermique (13) et en ce que ledit corps d'échangeur thermique (13) comprend des moyens (30) d'introduction dans ces passages (18 du gaz condensé présent dans lesdits raccords d'amenée (28).
- Vaporiseur-condenseur selon l'une des revendications précédentes dans lequel les passages plats (18, 34) du ou d'au moins un corps (13) sont orientés transversalement par rapport à la direction longitudinale de l'enceinte de confinement (14).
- Vaporiseur-condenseur selon la revendication 11 comprenant au moins deux corps (13) dont un ayant des passages plats (18, 34) orientés transversalement par rapport à la direction longitudinale de son enceinte de confinement (14) et un autre ayant des passages plats orientés parallèlement par rapport à la direction longitudinale de son enceinte de confinement.
- Installation de distillation, comprenant un vaporiseur-condenseur (4) du type à bain comprenant au moins un corps d'échangeur thermique (13), présentant une multitude de passages plats (18, 34) pour la circulation à contre-courant de deux fluides, provenant d'une ou plusieurs colonnes, selon une même direction et au moins une enceinte étanche (14) de confinement d'un fluide contenant le ou chaque corps d'échangeur thermique, l'enceinte de confinement comprenant un tronçon central (50) de forme générale cylindrique selon un axe longitudinal (Y-Y), l'axe longitudinal du tronçon central de ladite ou de chaque enceinte de confinement étant substantiellement orthogonal à la direction de circulation à contre-courant des fluides dans les passages plats du corps d'échangeur thermique correspondant, caractérisée en ce que l'enceinte se trouve à l'extérieur de toute colonne de distillation et est adaptée pour contenir un bain de liquide à vaporiser provenant d'une colonne.
- Installation selon la revendication 13, caractérisée en ce que l'axe longitudinal du tronçon central de ladite ou de chaque enceinte de confinement (14) du vaporiseur-condenseur (4) est substantiellement horizontal.
- Installation selon la revendication 13 ou 14, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend une colonne moyenne pression (2), une colonne basse pression (3), l'azote de tête de la colonne moyenne pression et l'oxygène de cuve de la colonne basse pression étant mis en relation d'échange thermique par le vaporiseur-condenseur (4).
- Installation selon la revendication 15, caractérisée en ce que ladite ou chaque enceinte de confinement (14) est disposée à côté des colonnes moyenne pression et basse pression.
- Installation selon la revendication 15 ou 16, caractérisée en ce qu'une partie au moins du vaporiseur-condenseur (4) est disposée à un niveau intermédiaire entre ceux de la cuve de la colonne basse pression (3) et de la tête de la colonne moyenne pression (2).
- Installation selon la revendication 16, caractérisée en ce que l'installation comprend une ligne principale d'échange thermique (5) pour refroidir l'air à distiller, et en ce que le vaporiseur-condenseur (4) surmonte la ligne principale d'échange thermique (5).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9910738 | 1999-08-24 | ||
FR9910738A FR2797942B1 (fr) | 1999-08-24 | 1999-08-24 | Vaporiseur-condenseur et installation de distillation d'air correspondante |
PCT/FR2000/002332 WO2001014808A1 (fr) | 1999-08-24 | 2000-08-17 | Vaporiseur-condenseur et installation de distillation d'air correspondante |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1230522A1 EP1230522A1 (fr) | 2002-08-14 |
EP1230522B1 true EP1230522B1 (fr) | 2005-04-06 |
Family
ID=9549305
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP00958698A Expired - Lifetime EP1230522B1 (fr) | 1999-08-24 | 2000-08-17 | Vaporiseur-condenseur et installation de distillation d'air correspondante |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6543252B1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1230522B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2003507691A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1167927C (fr) |
AU (1) | AU7013800A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60019328T2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2797942B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2001014808A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2884436B1 (fr) * | 2005-04-13 | 2007-07-20 | Air Liquide | Colonne de distillation a dispositif pare-feu |
CN101929789B (zh) * | 2010-05-12 | 2012-07-18 | 李大仁 | 一种空气分离的方法 |
FR2963417B1 (fr) * | 2010-08-02 | 2014-03-28 | Air Liquide | Vaporiseur a tubes en forme de u |
WO2012047315A1 (fr) | 2010-10-05 | 2012-04-12 | Edward Stock | Appareil et méthode d'évaporation d'eaux usées |
CN105980803A (zh) * | 2013-12-05 | 2016-09-28 | 林德股份公司 | 具有用于排放液相的收集通道的换热器 |
EP3114422B1 (fr) * | 2014-03-07 | 2018-04-11 | Conoco Phillips Company | Système échangeur de chaleur à séparateur en ligne mono-cyclonique |
FR3052244B1 (fr) * | 2016-06-06 | 2018-05-18 | L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude | Procede de construction ou de modification d'un appareil d'echange de matiere et/ou de chaleur |
Family Cites Families (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1152432B (de) * | 1962-04-21 | 1963-08-08 | Linde Eismasch Ag | Platten-Kondensator-Verdampfer, insbesondere fuer Gas- und Luftzerleger |
US3282334A (en) * | 1963-04-29 | 1966-11-01 | Trane Co | Heat exchanger |
DE1519599C3 (de) * | 1965-10-22 | 1975-11-06 | Linde Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | Rektifikationskolonne |
JPS49104435U (fr) * | 1972-12-22 | 1974-09-06 | ||
FR2456924A2 (fr) * | 1979-05-18 | 1980-12-12 | Air Liquide | Ensemble d'echange thermique du genre echangeur de chaleur a plaques |
JPS6014146Y2 (ja) * | 1981-07-16 | 1985-05-07 | 日本酸素株式会社 | 横型コンデンサ |
SE469669B (sv) * | 1992-01-21 | 1993-08-16 | Alfa Laval Thermal Ab | Foerdelningsmoenster hos plattvaermevaexlare |
JPH05223445A (ja) * | 1992-02-10 | 1993-08-31 | Nippon Sanso Kk | 空気液化分離方法及び装置 |
FR2718836B1 (fr) * | 1994-04-15 | 1996-05-24 | Maurice Grenier | Echangeur de chaleur perfectionné à plaques brasées. |
DE4415747C2 (de) * | 1994-05-04 | 1996-04-25 | Linde Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Tieftemperaturzerlegung von Luft |
FR2733823B1 (fr) * | 1995-05-04 | 1997-08-01 | Packinox Sa | Echangeur thermique a plaques |
-
1999
- 1999-08-24 FR FR9910738A patent/FR2797942B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2000
- 2000-08-10 US US09/635,409 patent/US6543252B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-08-17 CN CNB008119228A patent/CN1167927C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-08-17 WO PCT/FR2000/002332 patent/WO2001014808A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 2000-08-17 AU AU70138/00A patent/AU7013800A/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-08-17 DE DE60019328T patent/DE60019328T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-08-17 EP EP00958698A patent/EP1230522B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-08-17 JP JP2001518638A patent/JP2003507691A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1230522A1 (fr) | 2002-08-14 |
WO2001014808A1 (fr) | 2001-03-01 |
JP2003507691A (ja) | 2003-02-25 |
FR2797942B1 (fr) | 2001-11-09 |
CN1167927C (zh) | 2004-09-22 |
DE60019328D1 (de) | 2005-05-12 |
CN1370264A (zh) | 2002-09-18 |
US6543252B1 (en) | 2003-04-08 |
AU7013800A (en) | 2001-03-19 |
DE60019328T2 (de) | 2006-03-09 |
FR2797942A1 (fr) | 2001-03-02 |
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