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EP1217326A1 - Ignition device for explosive charge and explosive charge comprising such a device - Google Patents

Ignition device for explosive charge and explosive charge comprising such a device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1217326A1
EP1217326A1 EP01127297A EP01127297A EP1217326A1 EP 1217326 A1 EP1217326 A1 EP 1217326A1 EP 01127297 A EP01127297 A EP 01127297A EP 01127297 A EP01127297 A EP 01127297A EP 1217326 A1 EP1217326 A1 EP 1217326A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
explosive
relay
block
initiator
charge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP01127297A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michel Vives
Jean Paul Duparc
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
Original Assignee
Giat Industries SA
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giat Industries SA filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Publication of EP1217326A1 publication Critical patent/EP1217326A1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/0838—Primers or igniters for the initiation or the explosive charge in a warhead
    • F42C19/0846—Arrangements of a multiplicity of primers or detonators, dispersed within a warhead, for increased efficiency

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of initiating devices for an explosive charge, in particular for a formed charge.
  • Known initiators include generally at least one pyrotechnic initiator and at least a priming relay interposed between the initiator and a explosive loading.
  • One of the problems encountered with the devices of known priming is the difficulty there is in ensuring a precise centering of the pyrotechnic initiator in relation to the load body.
  • the detonation wave which propagates in the charge must present perfect symmetry with respect to the axis of the charge.
  • Such symmetry ensures movement or optimal deformation of the charge coating formed (core or shaped charge). Even slight asymmetry (for example a few tenths of a millimeter) may cause loss of efficiency of the charge formed.
  • the multiplication of priming means then poses the problem of making a priming wave which is symmetrical and that whatever the position of the initiator that is activated.
  • the priming device allows to initiate an explosive charge at the level of the axis of the loading whatever the position of the initiators in relation to this axis.
  • the invention thus allows with simple means to obtain a priming symmetry.
  • the subject of the invention is a priming device for an explosive charge, including a charge formed, comprising at least one pyrotechnic initiator and at minus a priming relay interposed between the initiator and a explosive charge loading, initiating device characterized in that the ignition relay comprises means allowing to refocus on the axis of the load the detonation wave from the initiator (s), medium comprising a containment block having a bore which is convergent between an external face disposed on the side of the or initiators and an internal face arranged on the side of the explosive of loading, bore filled by an explosive relay, the containment block comprising means to avoid the propagation of a shock wave axially through the containment block between the initiators and explosive loading.
  • the containment block can be made of an organic material having an acoustic impedance of less than 15.10 6 kg / m 2 s), this material constituting a means making it possible to avoid the propagation of a shock wave axially through the containment block.
  • the containment block may include at least one flange which will be placed in the vicinity of the initiator (s) and which will be followed by a free space surrounding the block, this space free constituting a means to prevent the spread a shock wave axially through the block of containment.
  • This free space can be formed by a groove cylindrical delimited by two flanges.
  • the bore of the containment block may include minus a conical part with a half angle at the top between 10 ° and 25 °, the small diameter of the cone being between 2 and 5 mm and the large diameter of the cone being between 13 and 30 mm.
  • the priming relay may include a first layer of relay explosive applied to the containment block and interposed between the initiator (s) and the explosive of the containment block.
  • the containment block will generally be generally cylindrical and arranged in a body.
  • the first relay layer may have a thickness of at least minus 2 mm.
  • the first layer of relay explosive may be circular or may have the shape of a tongue substantially rectangular.
  • the device may include at least two pyrotechnic initiators placed at a distance from the axis loading.
  • the subject of the invention is also a charge formed comprising a safety initiating device presenting at minus two initiators and having the same performances which whatever initiator is activated.
  • Such a charge can be used in particular for provide trajectory destruction functions for ballistic projectiles or their payload.
  • This charge could then advantageously be a charge nucleus generator.
  • a charge formed 1 (here a core-generating charge) includes a charge explosive 2 placed in a cylindrical casing 3 screwed to a body 9 having fixing lugs 19a, 19b.
  • a cup-shaped coating 4 is applied to the explosive charge 2.
  • a priming device 5 allows initiation of the explosive charge 2.
  • the initiating device 5 includes a containment block 6 disposed in a cavity cylindrical 10 of a body 9.
  • the block 6 is made of an organic material having an acoustic impedance of less than 15.10 6 kg / m 2 s.
  • Block 6 could for example be made of polyacetal.
  • Block 6 has a bore 7 which includes a part conical 7a extended by two cylindrical parts 7b and 7c.
  • the bore 7 is filled with a relay explosive 8.
  • the priming device 5 also includes a first layer 11 and a second layer 12 of explosives relay.
  • These two relay layers 11 and 12 are arranged on the respectively upper and lower faces of the block of containment 6.
  • the second relay layer 12 is here housed in a cavity made in explosive charge 2. It could also be simply applied to a surface top of the explosive charge 2. It would also possible not to provide a second relay layer and apply block 6 directly to load 2.
  • the first relay layer 11 is disposed at the bottom of the body 10 cavity 9. It communicates with two initiators pyrotechnics 13a, 13b arranged symmetrically on one side and on the other side of the axis 14 of the load.
  • initiators represented here are primers to electrical initiation and are controlled by a device initiation 20 arranged remotely and connected to the initiators 13a, 13b by conductors 15a, 15b.
  • the initiators could also consist of lines of pyrotechnic transmission, for example cords detonating.
  • the conical part 7a of the bore 7 is convergent between an external face of the block 6 disposed on the side of the initiators 13a, 13b and an internal face of the block arranged on the side of the explosive charge 2.
  • This conical part 7a has a half angle at the top between 10 ° and 25 °, the small diameter of the cone being between 2 and 5 mm and the large diameter of the cone being between 13 and 30 mm.
  • the relay composition 8 filling the bore 7 will be by example of the hexogen. We will set up this composition 8 by compression.
  • the device initiation 20 sends a firing order simultaneously to the two initiators 13a, 13b. These initiate the first relay layer 11 which in turn initiates the relay composition 8 arranged in bore 7 of block 6.
  • the shock wave that propagates in composition 8 also converges to the second relay layer 12 which is found practically at the level of axis 14 of the charge 1.
  • the second relay layer in turn ensures initiation explosive charge 2, causing the formation of a projectile through the coating 4.
  • the first layer relay 11 is initiated in an offset manner. She initiates however the relay composition 8 and the convergence of the conical bore 7a ensures a refocusing of the shock wave and a perfect initiation of the second relay layer 12, therefore explosive charge 2.
  • the block 6 is made of a material which makes it possible to absorb such propagation.
  • Block 6 will thus be made of an organic material having an acoustic impedance of less than 15.10 6 kg / m 2 s).
  • Figure 2 thus shows a second embodiment of the invention which differs from the previous one in that the block of containment 6 has a flange 16 which is disposed at the level of the upper face of the block and on which is applied the first relay layer 11. This flange 16 is followed by a free space 17 surrounding the block 6.
  • a second flange 18 ensures a positioning of block 6 in bore 10.
  • the space free 17 is formed by a cylindrical groove arranged on the block 6 and delimited by the two flanges 16 and 18.
  • the free space 17 constitutes a means making it possible to avoid the propagation of a shock wave axially through the containment block 6. Indeed, the shock received by the flange 16 as a result of the initiation of the first relay layer 11 cannot spread directly to the second flange 18.
  • Relay composition 8 is initiated as in the previous example and the converging profile of bore 7a ensures the centering of the shock wave and an axial initiation of the second relay layer 12 therefore of the explosive charge.
  • the metal containment block 6 for example by aluminum alloy.
  • the first layer 11 of relay explosive shown in Figures 1 and 2 shows a symmetry of revolution.
  • Figure 3 thus shows in top view and in section a priming device according to an alternative embodiment in which the first layer 11 has the shape of a substantially rectangular tongue passing through the axis 14 of load.
  • FIG. 1 This view is a section taken along a plane whose trace AA is represented in FIG. 1.
  • the latter figure has been described previously with reference to a mode of embodiment in which the first relay layer 11 is circular.
  • This figure can also be associated with this third embodiment where the first layer is a tongue.
  • the initiators 13a, 13b (of which only the position is shown) are arranged on either side of the axis 14, each at one end of the relay layer 11.
  • the relay composition 8 arranged in the block of containment 6 is initiated through the relay layer 11 regardless of the initiator which is started.
  • the converging profile of the bore 7a ensures the centering of the shock wave and a axial initiation of the second relay layer 12 and of the explosive charge.
  • Block 6 can have either structure according to figure 1 (organic material) or that according to Figure 2 (peripheral groove).
  • the device according to the invention may not put in work that a single initiator offset from axis 14 of load.
  • Such a configuration makes it possible to facilitate the integration of a charge in a given projectile.
  • first relay layer 11 and the relay explosive placed in the containment block under the form of a single explosive mass, implemented by example by compression.
  • This mass of explosive will include a conical lower part and an upper part having the shape of a disc or tab.
  • We will give in this case a suitable shape for the upper face of the block containment to receive the disc form or tab of the relay explosive.
  • the shaped charge proposed by the invention has at least minus two initiators. This ensures reliability higher when using the load for a destruction function on the trajectory of a projectile ballistics such as a rocket or missile or destruction of the charge carried by this projectile. This reliability higher is due to the redundancy of the number of initiators, which may also be greater than two. It is accompanied thanks to the invention of an efficiency which is the same whatever either the number and the position of the initiators triggered, the priming device ensuring in all cases a initiation of the explosive charge along the axis of symmetry 14 of the charge.
  • the initiators are represented on the figures with orientations substantially parallel to one the other and to the axis of the load. These initiators could also be arranged with a different orientation making an angle with the axis of the load.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention a pour objet un dispositif d'amorçage (5) pour une charge explosive (1), notamment une charge formée, comprenant au moins un initiateur pyrotechnique (13a,13b) et au moins un relais d'amorçage interposé entre l'initiateur et un chargement explosif (2).The subject of the invention is a priming device (5) for an explosive charge (1), in particular a formed charge, comprising at least one pyrotechnic initiator (13a, 13b) and at least one ignition relay interposed between the initiator and an explosive charge (2).

Ce dispositif d'amorçage est caractérisé en ce que le relais d'amorçage comprend un moyen permettant de recentrer au niveau de l'axe du chargement l'onde de détonation issue du ou des initiateurs, moyen comprenant un bloc de confinement (6) présentant un alésage (7) qui est convergent entre une face externe disposée du côté du ou des initiateurs (13a,13b) et une face interne disposée du côté de l'explosif de chargement (2), alésage rempli par un explosif relais (8), le bloc de confinement comprenant des moyens permettant d'éviter la propagation d'une onde de choc axialement au travers du bloc de confinement entre le ou les initiateurs et l'explosif de chargement.

Figure 00000001
This priming device is characterized in that the priming relay comprises a means allowing the detonation wave coming from the initiator (s) to be centered at the level of the loading axis, means comprising a confinement block (6) having a bore (7) which converges between an external face arranged on the side of the initiator (s) (13a, 13b) and an internal face arranged on the side of the loading explosive (2), a bore filled with a relay explosive (8) , the containment block comprising means making it possible to avoid the propagation of a shock wave axially through the containment block between the initiator (s) and the loading explosive.
Figure 00000001

Description

Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des dispositifs d'amorçage pour une charge explosive, notamment pour une charge formée.The technical field of the invention is that of initiating devices for an explosive charge, in particular for a formed charge.

Les dispositifs d'amorçage connus comprennent généralement au moins un initiateur pyrotechnique et au moins un relais d'amorçage interposé entre l'initiateur et un explosif de chargement.Known initiators include generally at least one pyrotechnic initiator and at least a priming relay interposed between the initiator and a explosive loading.

Un des problèmes rencontrés avec les dispositifs d'amorçage connus est la difficulté qu'il y a pour assurer un centrage précis de l'initiateur pyrotechnique par rapport au corps de charge.One of the problems encountered with the devices of known priming is the difficulty there is in ensuring a precise centering of the pyrotechnic initiator in relation to the load body.

Plus particulièrement, dans le cas des charges formées, l'onde de détonation qui se propage dans la charge doit présenter une symétrie parfaite par rapport à l'axe de la charge.More particularly, in the case of the charges formed, the detonation wave which propagates in the charge must present perfect symmetry with respect to the axis of the charge.

Une telle symétrie permet d'assurer une mise en mouvement ou déformation optimale du revêtement de charge formée (noyau ou charge creuse). Une dissymétrie même légère (par exemple de quelques dixièmes de millimètres) risque d'entraíner une perte d'efficacité de la charge formée.Such symmetry ensures movement or optimal deformation of the charge coating formed (core or shaped charge). Even slight asymmetry (for example a few tenths of a millimeter) may cause loss of efficiency of the charge formed.

Par ailleurs on cherche dans le domaine des charges d'autodestruction pour engins balistiques à assurer une redondance des moyens d'amorçage afin de diminuer les risques de défaillance du système d'autodestruction.We are also looking in the field of charges self-destruction for ballistic devices to ensure redundancy of the priming means in order to reduce the risks Self-destruct system failure.

La multiplication des moyens d'amorçage pose alors le problème de la réalisation d'une onde d'amorçage qui soit symétrique et cela quelle que soit la position de l'initiateur qui est activé.The multiplication of priming means then poses the problem of making a priming wave which is symmetrical and that whatever the position of the initiator that is activated.

C'est le but de l'invention que de proposer un dispositif d'amorçage permettant de résoudre de tels problèmes et ne présentant pas les inconvénients des dispositifs connus.It is the object of the invention to propose a device to solve such problems and does not not having the drawbacks of known devices.

Ainsi le dispositif d'amorçage selon l'invention permet d'assurer l'initiation d'un chargement explosif au niveau de l'axe du chargement quelle que soit la position du ou des initiateurs par rapport à cet axe. Thus the priming device according to the invention allows to initiate an explosive charge at the level of the axis of the loading whatever the position of the initiators in relation to this axis.

L'invention permet ainsi avec des moyens simples d'obtenir une symétrie d'amorçage.The invention thus allows with simple means to obtain a priming symmetry.

Ainsi l'invention a pour objet un dispositif d'amorçage de sécurité pour une charge explosive, notamment une charge formée, comprenant au moins un initiateur pyrotechnique et au moins un relais d'amorçage interposé entre l'initiateur et un explosif de chargement de la charge, dispositif d'amorçage caractérisé en ce que le relais d'amorçage comprend un moyen permettant de recentrer au niveau de l'axe du chargement l'onde de détonation issue du ou des initiateurs, moyen comprenant un bloc de confinement présentant un alésage qui est convergent entre une face externe disposée du côté du ou des initiateurs et une face interne disposée du côté de l'explosif de chargement, alésage rempli par un explosif relais, le bloc de confinement comprenant des moyens permettant d'éviter la propagation d'une onde de choc axialement au travers du bloc de confinement entre le ou les initiateurs et l'explosif de chargement.Thus, the subject of the invention is a priming device for an explosive charge, including a charge formed, comprising at least one pyrotechnic initiator and at minus a priming relay interposed between the initiator and a explosive charge loading, initiating device characterized in that the ignition relay comprises means allowing to refocus on the axis of the load the detonation wave from the initiator (s), medium comprising a containment block having a bore which is convergent between an external face disposed on the side of the or initiators and an internal face arranged on the side of the explosive of loading, bore filled by an explosive relay, the containment block comprising means to avoid the propagation of a shock wave axially through the containment block between the initiators and explosive loading.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention, le bloc de confinement pourra être réalisé en un matériau organique ayant une impédance acoustique inférieure à 15.106 kg/m2s), ce matériau constituant un moyen permettant d'éviter la propagation d'une onde de choc axialement au travers du bloc de confinement.According to a first embodiment of the invention, the containment block can be made of an organic material having an acoustic impedance of less than 15.10 6 kg / m 2 s), this material constituting a means making it possible to avoid the propagation of a shock wave axially through the containment block.

Selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, le bloc de confinement pourra comporter au moins une collerette qui sera disposée au voisinage du ou des initiateurs et qui sera suivie par un espace libre entourant le bloc, cet espace libre constituant un moyen permettant d'éviter la propagation d'une onde de choc axialement au travers du bloc de confinement.According to a second embodiment of the invention, the containment block may include at least one flange which will be placed in the vicinity of the initiator (s) and which will be followed by a free space surrounding the block, this space free constituting a means to prevent the spread a shock wave axially through the block of containment.

Cet espace libre pourra être formé par une gorge cylindrique délimitée par deux collerettes.This free space can be formed by a groove cylindrical delimited by two flanges.

L'alésage du bloc de confinement pourra comporter au moins une partie conique présentant un demi angle au sommet compris entre 10° et 25°, le petit diamètre du cône étant compris entre 2 et 5 mm et le grand diamètre du cône étant compris entre 13 et 30 mm.The bore of the containment block may include minus a conical part with a half angle at the top between 10 ° and 25 °, the small diameter of the cone being between 2 and 5 mm and the large diameter of the cone being between 13 and 30 mm.

Le relais d'amorçage pourra comprendre une première couche d'explosif relais appliquée sur le bloc de confinement et interposée entre le ou les initiateurs et l'explosif du bloc de confinement.The priming relay may include a first layer of relay explosive applied to the containment block and interposed between the initiator (s) and the explosive of the containment block.

Le bloc de confinement sera généralement globalement cylindrique et disposé dans un corps.The containment block will generally be generally cylindrical and arranged in a body.

La première couche relais pourra avoir une épaisseur d'au moins 2 mm.The first relay layer may have a thickness of at least minus 2 mm.

La première couche d'explosif relais pourra être circulaire ou bien pourra présenter la forme d'une languette sensiblement rectangulaire.The first layer of relay explosive may be circular or may have the shape of a tongue substantially rectangular.

Avantageusement, le dispositif pourra comprendre au moins deux initiateurs pyrotechniques disposés à distance de l'axe du chargement.Advantageously, the device may include at least two pyrotechnic initiators placed at a distance from the axis loading.

L'invention a également pour objet une charge formée comportant un dispositif d'amorçage de sécurité présentant au moins deux initiateurs et ayant les mêmes performances quel que soit l'initiateur qui est activé.The subject of the invention is also a charge formed comprising a safety initiating device presenting at minus two initiators and having the same performances which whatever initiator is activated.

Une telle charge peut être utilisée notamment pour assurer des fonctions de destruction sur trajectoire pour les projectiles balistiques ou leur charge utile.Such a charge can be used in particular for provide trajectory destruction functions for ballistic projectiles or their payload.

Cette charge pourra alors avantageusement être une charge génératrice de noyau.This charge could then advantageously be a charge nucleus generator.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre de différents modes de réalisation, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés et dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'une charge formée équipée d'un dispositif d'amorçage selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 2 est une vue en coupe longitudinale d'une charge formée équipée d'un dispositif d'amorçage selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe transversale d'une charge formée suivant un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of different embodiments, description made with reference to the accompanying drawings and in which:
  • FIG. 1 is a view in longitudinal section of a shaped charge equipped with a priming device according to a first embodiment of the invention,
  • FIG. 2 is a view in longitudinal section of a shaped charge equipped with a priming device according to a second embodiment of the invention,
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a charge formed according to a third embodiment of the invention.

En se reportant à la figure 1, une charge formée 1 (ici une charge génératrice de noyau) comprend un chargement explosif 2 disposé dans une enveloppe 3 cylindrique vissée à un corps 9 présentant des pattes de fixation 19a, 19b.Referring to Figure 1, a charge formed 1 (here a core-generating charge) includes a charge explosive 2 placed in a cylindrical casing 3 screwed to a body 9 having fixing lugs 19a, 19b.

Un revêtement 4 en forme de coupelle est appliqué sur le chargement explosif 2. Un dispositif d'amorçage 5 permet l'initiation du chargement explosif 2.A cup-shaped coating 4 is applied to the explosive charge 2. A priming device 5 allows initiation of the explosive charge 2.

Conformément à l'invention, le dispositif d'amorçage 5 comprend un bloc de confinement 6 disposé dans une cavité cylindrique 10 d'un corps 9.In accordance with the invention, the initiating device 5 includes a containment block 6 disposed in a cavity cylindrical 10 of a body 9.

Suivant ce premier mode de réalisation, le bloc 6 est réalisé en un matériau organique ayant une impédance acoustique inférieure à 15.106 kg/m2s. Le bloc 6 pourra par exemple être réalisé en en polyacétal.According to this first embodiment, the block 6 is made of an organic material having an acoustic impedance of less than 15.10 6 kg / m 2 s. Block 6 could for example be made of polyacetal.

Le bloc 6 présente un alésage 7 qui comprend une partie conique 7a prolongée par deux parties cylindriques 7b et 7c.Block 6 has a bore 7 which includes a part conical 7a extended by two cylindrical parts 7b and 7c.

L'alésage 7 est rempli par un explosif relais 8.The bore 7 is filled with a relay explosive 8.

Le dispositif d'amorçage 5 comprend également une première couche 11 et une deuxième couche 12 d'explosifs relais.The priming device 5 also includes a first layer 11 and a second layer 12 of explosives relay.

Ces deux couches relais 11 et 12 sont disposées sur les faces respectivement supérieure et inférieure du bloc de confinement 6.These two relay layers 11 and 12 are arranged on the respectively upper and lower faces of the block of containment 6.

La deuxième couche relais 12 est ici logée dans une cavité réalisée dans le chargement explosif 2. Elle pourrait également être simplement appliquée sur une surface supérieure du chargement explosif 2. Il serait également possible de ne pas prévoir de deuxième couche relais et d'appliquer le bloc 6 directement sur le chargement 2.The second relay layer 12 is here housed in a cavity made in explosive charge 2. It could also be simply applied to a surface top of the explosive charge 2. It would also possible not to provide a second relay layer and apply block 6 directly to load 2.

La première couche relais 11 est disposée au fond de la cavité 10 du corps 9. Elle communique avec deux initiateurs pyrotechniques 13a, 13b disposés symétriquement de part et d'autre de l'axe 14 de la charge. The first relay layer 11 is disposed at the bottom of the body 10 cavity 9. It communicates with two initiators pyrotechnics 13a, 13b arranged symmetrically on one side and on the other side of the axis 14 of the load.

Ces initiateurs représentés ici sont des amorces à initiation électrique et sont commandés par un dispositif d'initiation 20 disposé à distance et relié aux initiateurs 13a,13b par des conducteurs 15a,15b. Les initiateurs pourraient également être constitués par des lignes de transmission pyrotechnique, par exemple des cordeaux détonants.These initiators represented here are primers to electrical initiation and are controlled by a device initiation 20 arranged remotely and connected to the initiators 13a, 13b by conductors 15a, 15b. The initiators could also consist of lines of pyrotechnic transmission, for example cords detonating.

La partie conique 7a de l'alésage 7 est convergente entre une face externe du bloc 6 disposée du côté des initiateurs 13a, 13b et une face interne du bloc disposée du côté du chargement explosif 2. Cette partie conique 7a présente un demi angle au sommet compris entre 10° et 25°, le petit diamètre du cône étant compris entre 2 et 5 mm et le grand diamètre du cône étant compris entre 13 et 30 mm.The conical part 7a of the bore 7 is convergent between an external face of the block 6 disposed on the side of the initiators 13a, 13b and an internal face of the block arranged on the side of the explosive charge 2. This conical part 7a has a half angle at the top between 10 ° and 25 °, the small diameter of the cone being between 2 and 5 mm and the large diameter of the cone being between 13 and 30 mm.

On pourra réaliser les couches relais 11 et 12 en explosifs composites découpés dans des plaques.We can make the relay layers 11 and 12 in composite explosives cut from plates.

La composition relais 8 remplissant l'alésage 7 sera par exemple de l'hexogène. On mettra en place cette composition 8 par compression.The relay composition 8 filling the bore 7 will be by example of the hexogen. We will set up this composition 8 by compression.

Le fonctionnement de ce dispositif d'amorçage est le suivant.The operation of this ignition device is the next.

Lorsque le tir de la charge 1 est souhaité, le dispositif d'initiation 20 envoie un ordre de mise à feu simultanément aux deux initiateurs 13a, 13b. Ces derniers initient la première couche relais 11 qui initie à son tour la composition relais 8 disposée dans l'alésage 7 du bloc 6.When the firing of the charge 1 is desired, the device initiation 20 sends a firing order simultaneously to the two initiators 13a, 13b. These initiate the first relay layer 11 which in turn initiates the relay composition 8 arranged in bore 7 of block 6.

Du fait de la convergence de la partie conique 7a de cet alésage, l'onde de choc qui se propage dans la composition 8 converge également vers la deuxième couche relais 12 qui se trouve initiée pratiquement au niveau de l'axe 14 de la charge 1.Due to the convergence of the conical part 7a of this bore, the shock wave that propagates in composition 8 also converges to the second relay layer 12 which is found practically at the level of axis 14 of the charge 1.

La deuxième couche relais assure à son tour l'initiation du chargement explosif 2, entraínant la formation d'un projectile par le revêtement 4.The second relay layer in turn ensures initiation explosive charge 2, causing the formation of a projectile through the coating 4.

Si un seul des initiateurs 13a,13b fonctionne par suite d'une défaillance de l'autre initiateur, la première couche relais 11 se trouve initiée d'une façon désaxée. Elle initie cependant la composition relais 8 et la convergence de l'alésage conique 7a assure un recentrage de l'onde de choc et une initiation parfaite de la deuxième couche relais 12, donc du chargement explosif 2.If only one of the initiators 13a, 13b functions consequently of a failure of the other initiator, the first layer relay 11 is initiated in an offset manner. She initiates however the relay composition 8 and the convergence of the conical bore 7a ensures a refocusing of the shock wave and a perfect initiation of the second relay layer 12, therefore explosive charge 2.

Afin d'éviter une initiation intempestive de la deuxième couche relais 12 ou du chargement 2 directement par une propagation de l'onde de choc au travers du matériau du bloc de confinement 6, il est nécessaire de prévoir des moyens permettant d'éviter une telle propagation.To avoid untimely initiation of the second relay layer 12 or load 2 directly by a propagation of the shock wave through the block material containment 6, it is necessary to provide means to prevent such spread.

Suivant ce premier mode de réalisation on fabrique le bloc 6 en un matériau permettant d'amortir une telle propagation. On réalisera ainsi le bloc 6 en un matériau organique ayant une impédance acoustique inférieure à 15.106 kg/m2s).According to this first embodiment, the block 6 is made of a material which makes it possible to absorb such propagation. Block 6 will thus be made of an organic material having an acoustic impedance of less than 15.10 6 kg / m 2 s).

D'autres moyens sont possibles pour éviter une initiation directe de la couche relais 12 ou de l'explosif 2 par la propagation de l'onde de choc au travers du matériau du bloc de confinement 6.Other means are possible to avoid an initiation direct from relay layer 12 or explosive 2 via the propagation of the shock wave through the block material containment 6.

La figure 2 montre ainsi un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention qui diffère du précédent en ce que le bloc de confinement 6 comporte une collerette 16 qui est disposée au niveau de la face supérieure du bloc et sur laquelle est appliquée la première couche relais 11. Cette collerette 16 est suivie par un espace libre 17 entourant le bloc 6.Figure 2 thus shows a second embodiment of the invention which differs from the previous one in that the block of containment 6 has a flange 16 which is disposed at the level of the upper face of the block and on which is applied the first relay layer 11. This flange 16 is followed by a free space 17 surrounding the block 6.

Une deuxième collerette 18 permet d'assurer un positionnement du bloc 6 dans l'alésage 10. Ainsi l'espace libre 17 est formé par une gorge cylindrique aménagée sur le bloc 6 et délimitée par les deux collerettes 16 et 18.A second flange 18 ensures a positioning of block 6 in bore 10. Thus the space free 17 is formed by a cylindrical groove arranged on the block 6 and delimited by the two flanges 16 and 18.

L'espace libre 17 constitue un moyen permettant d'éviter la propagation d'une onde de choc axialement au travers du bloc de confinement 6. En effet, le choc reçu par la collerette 16 comme suite à l'initiation de la première couche relais 11 ne peut se propager directement jusqu'à la deuxième collerette 18. The free space 17 constitutes a means making it possible to avoid the propagation of a shock wave axially through the containment block 6. Indeed, the shock received by the flange 16 as a result of the initiation of the first relay layer 11 cannot spread directly to the second flange 18.

La composition relais 8 se trouve initiée comme dans l'exemple précédente et le profil convergent de l'alésage 7a assure le centrage de l'onde de choc et une initiation axiale de la deuxième couche relais 12 donc du chargement explosif.Relay composition 8 is initiated as in the previous example and the converging profile of bore 7a ensures the centering of the shock wave and an axial initiation of the second relay layer 12 therefore of the explosive charge.

Là encore cet amorçage axial est assuré même si un seul des initiateurs 13a, 13b fonctionne.Again, this axial priming is ensured even if only one initiators 13a, 13b work.

Grâce à la présence de l'espace libre 17, il est possible de réaliser le bloc de confinement 6 en métal, par exemple en alliage d'aluminium.Thanks to the presence of free space 17, it is possible to make the metal containment block 6, for example by aluminum alloy.

La première couche 11 d'explosif relais représentée aux figures 1 et 2 présente une symétrie de révolution.The first layer 11 of relay explosive shown in Figures 1 and 2 shows a symmetry of revolution.

Il est possible de mettre en oeuvre une première couche relais de forme différente.It is possible to use a first layer relays of different shape.

La figure 3 montre ainsi en vue de dessus et en coupe un dispositif d'amorçage selon une variante de réalisation dans laquelle la première couche 11 présente la forme d'une languette sensiblement rectangulaire passant par l'axe 14 de la charge.Figure 3 thus shows in top view and in section a priming device according to an alternative embodiment in which the first layer 11 has the shape of a substantially rectangular tongue passing through the axis 14 of load.

Cette vue est une coupe réalisée suivant un plan dont la trace AA est représentée sur la figure 1. Cette dernière figure a été décrite précédemment en référence à un mode de réalisation dans lequel la première couche relais 11 est circulaire. Cette figure peut également être associée à ce troisième mode de réalisation où la première couche est une languette.This view is a section taken along a plane whose trace AA is represented in FIG. 1. The latter figure has been described previously with reference to a mode of embodiment in which the first relay layer 11 is circular. This figure can also be associated with this third embodiment where the first layer is a tongue.

Les initiateurs 13a,13b (dont seule la position est représentée) sont disposés de part et d'autre de l'axe 14, chacun à une extrémité de la couche relais 11.The initiators 13a, 13b (of which only the position is shown) are arranged on either side of the axis 14, each at one end of the relay layer 11.

La composition relais 8 disposée dans le bloc de confinement 6 se trouve initiée par l'intermédiaire de la couche relais 11 quel que soit l'initiateur qui est amorcé.The relay composition 8 arranged in the block of containment 6 is initiated through the relay layer 11 regardless of the initiator which is started.

Comme dans l'exemple précédent le profil convergent de l'alésage 7a assure le centrage de l'onde de choc et une initiation axiale de la deuxième couche relais 12 et du chargement explosif. As in the previous example, the converging profile of the bore 7a ensures the centering of the shock wave and a axial initiation of the second relay layer 12 and of the explosive charge.

Le bloc 6 pourra présenter indifféremment la structure selon la figure 1 (matériau organique) ou celle selon la figure 2 (gorge périphérique).Block 6 can have either structure according to figure 1 (organic material) or that according to Figure 2 (peripheral groove).

Diverses variantes sont possibles sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.Various variants are possible without departing from the scope of the invention.

Ainsi le dispositif selon l'invention peut ne mettre en oeuvre qu'un seul initiateur désaxé par rapport à l'axe 14 de la charge. Une telle configuration permet de faciliter l'intégration d'une charge dans un projectile donné. En effet, grâce à l'invention, il n'est plus nécessaire de disposer l'initiateur axialement par rapport à la charge.Thus the device according to the invention may not put in work that a single initiator offset from axis 14 of load. Such a configuration makes it possible to facilitate the integration of a charge in a given projectile. In indeed, thanks to the invention, it is no longer necessary to arrange the initiator axially with respect to the load.

On pourra également réaliser la première couche relais 11 et l'explosif relais disposé dans le bloc de confinement sous la forme d'une seule masse d'explosif, mise en oeuvre par exemple par compression. Cette masse d'explosif comprendra une partie inférieure conique et une partie supérieure ayant la forme d'un disque ou d'une languette. On donnera dans ce cas une forme appropriée à la face supérieure du bloc de confinement permettant de recevoir la forme de disque ou de languette de l'explosif relais.We can also make the first relay layer 11 and the relay explosive placed in the containment block under the form of a single explosive mass, implemented by example by compression. This mass of explosive will include a conical lower part and an upper part having the shape of a disc or tab. We will give in this case a suitable shape for the upper face of the block containment to receive the disc form or tab of the relay explosive.

Il est bien entendu possible de mettre en oeuvre le dispositif d'amorçage selon l'invention avec d'autres types de charges explosives : charge creuse, charge à éclat....It is of course possible to implement the ignition device according to the invention with other types explosive charges: hollow charge, burst charge ...

La charge formée proposée par l'invention est dotée d'au moins deux initiateurs. On assure ainsi une fiabilité supérieure en cas d'utilisation de la charge pour une fonction de destruction sur trajectoire d'un projectile balistique tel une fusée ou un missile ou bien de destruction de la charge embarquée par ce projectile. Cette fiabilité supérieure est due à la redondance du nombre d'initiateurs, qui pourra être également supérieur à deux. Elle s'accompagne grâce à l'invention d'une efficacité qui est la même quel que soit le nombre et la position des initiateurs déclenchés, le dispositif d'amorçage assurant dans tous les cas une initiation du chargement explosif suivant l'axe de symétrie 14 de la charge. Les initiateurs sont représentés sur les figures avec des orientations sensiblement parallèles l'un à l'autre et à l'axe de la charge. Ces initiateurs pourraient également être disposés avec une orientation différente faisant un angle avec l'axe de la charge.The shaped charge proposed by the invention has at least minus two initiators. This ensures reliability higher when using the load for a destruction function on the trajectory of a projectile ballistics such as a rocket or missile or destruction of the charge carried by this projectile. This reliability higher is due to the redundancy of the number of initiators, which may also be greater than two. It is accompanied thanks to the invention of an efficiency which is the same whatever either the number and the position of the initiators triggered, the priming device ensuring in all cases a initiation of the explosive charge along the axis of symmetry 14 of the charge. The initiators are represented on the figures with orientations substantially parallel to one the other and to the axis of the load. These initiators could also be arranged with a different orientation making an angle with the axis of the load.

Claims (13)

Dispositif d'amorçage de sécurité (5) pour une charge explosive, notamment une charge formée, comprenant au moins un initiateur pyrotechnique (13a,13b) et au moins un relais d'amorçage interposé entre l'initiateur et un explosif (2) de chargement de la charge, dispositif d'amorçage caractérisé en ce que le relais d'amorçage comprend un moyen permettant de recentrer au niveau de l'axe du chargement l'onde de détonation issue du ou des initiateurs (13a,13b), moyen comprenant un bloc de confinement (6) présentant un alésage (7) qui est convergent entre une face externe disposée du côté du ou des initiateurs (13a,13b) et une face interne disposée du côté de l'explosif de chargement (2), alésage rempli par un explosif relais (8), le bloc de confinement comprenant des moyens permettant d'éviter la propagation d'une onde de choc axialement au travers du bloc de confinement (6) entre le ou les initiateurs (13a,13b) et l'explosif de chargement (2).Safety ignition device (5) for an explosive charge, in particular a formed charge, comprising at least one pyrotechnic initiator (13a, 13b) and at least one ignition relay interposed between the initiator and an explosive (2) loading of the charge, initiating device characterized in that the initiating relay comprises a means enabling the detonation wave coming from the initiator (s) (13a, 13b) to be refocused, means comprising a containment block (6) having a bore (7) which converges between an external face disposed on the side of the initiator (s) (13a, 13b) and an internal face disposed on the side of the loading explosive (2), bore filled with an explosive relay (8), the containment block comprising means making it possible to prevent the propagation of a shock wave axially through the containment block (6) between the initiator (s) (13a, 13b) and the loading explosive (2). Dispositif d'amorçage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le bloc de confinement (6) est réalisé en un matériau organique ayant une impédance acoustique inférieure à 15.106 kg/m2s), ce matériau constituant un moyen permettant d'éviter la propagation d'une onde de choc axialement au travers du bloc de confinement.Priming device according to claim 1, characterized in that the containment block (6) is made of an organic material having an acoustic impedance of less than 15.10 6 kg / m 2 s), this material constituting a means making it possible to avoid propagation of a shock wave axially through the containment block. Dispositif d'amorçage selon une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le bloc de confinement (6) comporte au moins une collerette (16) qui est disposée au voisinage du ou des initiateurs (13a,13b) et qui est suivie par un espace libre (17) entourant le bloc (6), cet espace libre constituant un moyen permettant d'éviter la propagation d'une onde de choc axialement au travers du bloc de confinement.Priming device according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the containment block (6) comprises at least one flange (16) which is arranged in the vicinity of the initiator (s) (13a, 13b) and which is followed by a free space (17) surrounding the block (6), this free space constituting a means making it possible to prevent the propagation of a shock wave axially through the confinement block. Dispositif d'amorçage selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'espace libre (17) est formé par une gorge cylindrique délimitée par deux collerettes (16,18). Priming device according to claim 3, characterized in that the free space (17) is formed by a cylindrical groove delimited by two flanges (16,18). Dispositif d'amorçage selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'alésage (7) du bloc de confinement (6) comporte au moins une partie conique (7a) présentant un demi angle au sommet compris entre 10° et 25°, le petit diamètre du cône étant compris entre 2 et 5 mm et le grand diamètre du cône étant compris entre 13 et 30 mm.Priming device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the bore (7) of the confinement block (6) comprises at least one conical part (7a) having a half angle at the apex between 10 ° and 25 °, the small diameter of the cone being between 2 and 5 mm and the large diameter of the cone being between 13 and 30 mm. Dispositif d'amorçage selon une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le relais d'amorçage comprend une première couche (11) d'explosif relais appliquée sur le bloc de confinement (6) et interposée entre le ou les initiateurs (13a,13b) et l'explosif (8) du bloc de confinement.Ignition device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the ignition relay comprises a first layer (11) of relay explosive applied to the containment block (6) and interposed between the initiator (s) (13a , 13b) and the explosive (8) of the containment block. Dispositif d'amorçage selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le bloc de confinement (6) est globalement cylindrique et disposé dans un corps (9).Priming device according to claim 3, characterized in that the containment block (6) is generally cylindrical and disposed in a body (9). Dispositif d'amorçage selon une des revendications 6 ou 7, caractérisé en ce que la première couche relais (11) a une épaisseur d'au moins 2 mm.Priming device according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that the first relay layer (11) has a thickness of at least 2 mm. Dispositif d'amorçage selon une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la première couche d'explosif relais (11) est circulaire.Ignition device according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the first layer of relay explosive (11) is circular. Dispositif d'amorçage selon une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que la première couche (11) d'explosif relais présente la forme d'une languette sensiblement rectangulaire.Priming device according to one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the first layer (11) of relay explosive has the shape of a substantially rectangular tongue. Dispositif d'amorçage selon une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend au moins deux initiateurs pyrotechniques (13a,13b) disposés à distance de l'axe (14) du chargement.Priming device according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that it comprises at least two pyrotechnic initiators (13a, 13b) arranged at a distance from the axis (14) of the load. Charge formée (1) comprenant un dispositif d'amorçage selon la revendication 11.Formed charge (1) comprising a priming device according to claim 11. Charge formée selon la revendication 12 caractérisée en ce qu'elle est une charge génératrice de noyau.Filler formed according to claim 12 characterized in that it is a nucleus-generating filler.
EP01127297A 2000-12-13 2001-11-17 Ignition device for explosive charge and explosive charge comprising such a device Withdrawn EP1217326A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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FR0016352A FR2817955B1 (en) 2000-12-13 2000-12-13 PRIMING DEVICE FOR EXPLOSIVE CHARGE AND FORMED CHARGE INCORPORATING SUCH A PRIMING DEVICE
FR0016352 2000-12-13

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FR2817955A1 (en) 2002-06-14
US6615736B2 (en) 2003-09-09
US20030140812A1 (en) 2003-07-31

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