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EP2204634A1 - Warhead projecting rods - Google Patents

Warhead projecting rods Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2204634A1
EP2204634A1 EP09290958A EP09290958A EP2204634A1 EP 2204634 A1 EP2204634 A1 EP 2204634A1 EP 09290958 A EP09290958 A EP 09290958A EP 09290958 A EP09290958 A EP 09290958A EP 2204634 A1 EP2204634 A1 EP 2204634A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
explosive
bars
sectors
initiation
charge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP09290958A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rémi Boulanger
Yann Menard
Frédéric Nozeres
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
KNDS Ammo France SA
Original Assignee
Nexter Munitions SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nexter Munitions SA filed Critical Nexter Munitions SA
Publication of EP2204634A1 publication Critical patent/EP2204634A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42C—AMMUNITION FUZES; ARMING OR SAFETY MEANS THEREFOR
    • F42C19/00—Details of fuzes
    • F42C19/08—Primers; Detonators
    • F42C19/095—Arrangements of a multiplicity of primers or detonators, dispersed around a warhead, one of the primers or detonators being selected for directional detonation effects
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/207—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type characterised by the explosive material or the construction of the high explosive warhead, e.g. insensitive ammunition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/22—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction
    • F42B12/32—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction the hull or case comprising a plurality of discrete bodies, e.g. steel balls, embedded therein or disposed around the explosive charge
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
    • F42B12/56—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing discrete solid bodies
    • F42B12/58—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles
    • F42B12/60—Cluster or cargo ammunition, i.e. projectiles containing one or more submissiles the submissiles being ejected radially

Definitions

  • the technical field of the invention is that of military heads and more particularly military heads allowing the dispersion of bars.
  • the bars are surrounded by different sectors of explosives arranged between an outer casing of the warhead and the bars.
  • the outer envelope is also cutable by pyrotechnic means such as cutting cords.
  • Detection means make it possible to locate the target relative to the military head.
  • the priming means then cause in sequence: first cutting the envelope at the area closest to the target and then initiating one or more sectors diametrically opposed to the cut area. This ensures the ejection of the bars radially and towards the target. This ejection is made through the opening made in the envelope by the cutting means.
  • Such a military head also proposes a mode of operation in which the bars are ejected radially in a cylindrical distribution (therefore in all radial directions).
  • this explosive axial load must be initiated at one or the other of its ends which will cause a dispersion of the bars in directions that are not really radial but rather oriented in the direction of propagation of the detonation wave in the axial explosive charge.
  • the bars being oriented parallel to the axis of the warhead they will therefore be animated by a pivoting movement that impairs their effectiveness.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a military head architecture which makes it possible, on the one hand, to simplify the means for priming the axial load and on the other hand to ensure a dispersion of the bars in effectively radial directions.
  • the subject of the invention is a military head comprising at least a ring of bars surrounding a first substantially cylindrical explosive charge and arranged around the axis of the head, the military head comprising at least three sectors of explosives. disposed between the outer casing of the warhead and the bar crown (s), each sector being individually initiatable by a specific priming means, a warhead characterized in that the relative power levels of the different sectors of explosives are chosen so that only simultaneous initiation of all sectors ensures the initiation of the first load through shocks transmitted through the bars.
  • the bars will be arranged in a compressible damping material.
  • the explosive sectors will preferably be delimited by substantially radial walls made of shock-absorbing material of the shock wave.
  • the radial walls may be connected to a substantially cylindrical outer wall also made of a damping material.
  • the explosive material of the first charge will advantageously be an explosive material with reduced sensitivity.
  • a military head 1 according to the invention comprises a steel casing 2 inside which are arranged different elements.
  • This head 1 thus incorporates a first charge of explosive 3 substantially cylindrical and having the same axis 4 as the military head 1.
  • This charge is disposed in a lightweight case 5 for example plastic and is surrounded by several layers (or circular rings ) concentric cylindrical rods 7 embedded in a matrix 6 of a compressible damping material, for example a synthetic foam (for example a polyurethane foam) which secures the bars 7.
  • a compressible damping material for example a synthetic foam (for example a polyurethane foam) which secures the bars 7.
  • the bars 7 are cylindrical and made of a dense material, for example tungsten alloy. They extend over substantially the entire length of the military head 1.
  • the compressible damping material 6 which secures the bars 7 is in the form of thin layers (of the order of one millimeter). Thus, one and the same block of damping material 6 overmoulded on the bars 7, block inside which the first explosive charge 3 will then be positioned.
  • the warhead 1 also comprises at least three explosive sectors 9 which are arranged between the outer casing 2 of the warhead and the bar crown (s) 7.
  • Each sector 9 can be initiated individually by at least one specific priming means 10.
  • the ignition means 10 of each sector 9 comprises a central detonator 10e which simultaneously initiates four detonation relays 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d via four detonation transmission cords 18.
  • the initiation of the detonator 10e is controlled by an electronic rocket 11. The initiation of this detonator 10e thus causes the simultaneous initiation of the four relays 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d.
  • each relay 9 is arranged on an outer surface of each explosive sector 9 (in contact with an outer wall 13 delimiting this sector 9).
  • the relays are thus arranged according to a cross.
  • the ignition means 10 is therefore both symmetrical with respect to the radial plane of symmetry of the explosive sector 9 and relative to the median plane transverse to this plane of symmetry.
  • the plane of radial symmetry is the plane along which the detonation wave generated by this sector 9 will propagate. This plane passes through the axis 4 of the warhead.
  • the explosive sectors 9 are delimited by substantially radial walls 12 which are integral with the substantially cylindrical outer wall 13.
  • the outer wall 13 and the radial walls 12 are all made of a shock-absorbing material of the shock wave, for example a plastic material of polyacetal type or other equivalent material.
  • the aim is to avoid during the initiation of an explosive sector 9 that the detonation wave progresses to a neighboring sector. It is indeed essential to ensure the directivity of the warhead 1 that only the explosive sector (s) chosen (s) are initiated (s).
  • chutes 14 are provided on the outer surface of the wall 13 facing the casing 2. These chutes are arranged substantially at the radial walls 12. Each chute receives a pyrotechnic cutting line 15 which is initiated by a primer 16 whose firing is controlled by rocket 11 ( figure 2 ).
  • the operation of the military head according to the invention is as follows.
  • the figure 4 schematizes the mode of dispersion of the bars in a cylindrical radial distribution.
  • the damping material 6 ensures the maintenance of the bars 7 while ensuring a damping of low amplitude impacts occurring during the implementation of the military head, it does not dampen the shock that will be transmitted by the initiation of explosive sectors 9. This shock will progress radially through the various bars 7 to the first explosive charge 3.
  • the inner ring of bars 7 is in contact with the case 5 of the first charge 3.
  • the transmitted shock will therefore directly impact the first load 3 through the case 5.
  • the progression of the shock waves transmitted by the sectors 9 has a cylindrical symmetry.
  • the detonation of the first explosive charge will then cause the radial dispersion of the bars 7 in all radial directions and with a cylindrical symmetry (not shown in the figure).
  • the relative power levels of the various sectors of explosives 9 are indeed chosen so that only a simultaneous initiation of all the sectors 9 ensures the initiation of the first charge 3 by the impact on the latter of the shock waves transmitted via the bars 7.
  • damping effects of the materials surrounding the explosive 3 do not allow its initiation.
  • the energy from the detonation of a single sector 9 is not sufficient to allow it.
  • an explosive material with reduced vulnerability such as: Extremely insensitive detonating material.
  • MDEPS material such as: Extremely insensitive detonating material.
  • Such materials are well known today and described in particular by patents EP-814 069 , US 4978482 and EP-1167324 .
  • Explosive materials with reduced vulnerability are now stored in two families: that of composite explosives (described by US 4978482 and EP-1167324 ) and that of mergeable explosives (described by EP-0814069 ).
  • the first explosive charge 3 therefore does not receive sufficient energy to be primed. It is ejected with the bars 7 and constitutes a pseudo bar contributing to the overall efficiency of the load 1. Its mechanical design characteristics (including the rigidity of its case 5) allow it to contribute to a smooth ejection of all bars 7.
  • the set of explosive sectors 9 is initiated simultaneously so as to provide a shock energy that is cumulative and of a sufficient level through the structure (case 5, damping material 6 and set of bar rings 7) for exceed the priming threshold required for the first explosive charge 3 (in particular if the explosive charge is made of an explosive with reduced vulnerability - MDEPS).
  • the energy provided by the detonation of one to three explosive sectors 9 does not allow the initiation of the first explosive charge 3 while that provided by the detonation of all the explosive sectors 9 allows it.
  • the entire explosive charge of the warhead 1 is divided into several explosive sectors 9 associated with a first axial explosive charge 3.
  • the explosive charges 9, 3 are isolated from each other by shock wave absorbing materials (damping material 6 and radial partition walls 12).
  • the military head according to the invention therefore has an overall design that reduces its vulnerability.
  • the sizing of the explosive charges 9 and 3 is all the easier to achieve to obtain such a mode of operation that the energy levels required to eject the bars from one or more sectors are low. Indeed, with the type of military head proposed by the invention, it is not necessary to obtain significant projection speeds to counter the target (ballistic missile). It is enough to position in front of this target of the heavy bars. The target will be destroyed by the bars 7, mainly because of its own kinetic energy.
  • This low energy level does not make it possible to initiate the first explosive charge 3 when an ejection is carried out in a preferred radial direction ( figure 3 ). Nevertheless, the first explosive charge 3 will be dimensioned such that the combination of all the shock waves transmitted by the bars 7 on this first charge 3 ensures its initiation. The explosive mass of this load 3 will be dimensioned so as to ensure the radial dispersion of the bars with the desired speed level (of the order of a few tens of meters per second).
  • the shock waves progress radially through the bars 7 while maintaining a progression of the front of the shock wave parallel to the axis 4 of the warhead. .
  • the means of priming the axial cylindrical load 3 is very clearly simplified since it consists of the explosive sectors 9 associated with the bars 7.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention a pour objet une tête militaire (1) comprenant au moins une couronne de barreaux (7) entourant une première charge d'explosif (3) sensiblement cylindrique et disposée autour de l'axe (4) de la tête. Cette tête militaire (1) comprend par ailleurs au moins trois secteurs d'explosifs (9) disposés entre l'enveloppe externe (2) et la ou les couronnes de barreaux (7). Elle est caractérisée en ce que les niveaux de puissance relatifs des différents secteurs d'explosifs (9) sont choisis de telle sorte que seule une initiation simultanée de tous les secteurs (9) assure l'initiation de la première charge (3) par l'intermédiaire des chocs transmis au travers des barreaux (7) .The invention relates to a military head (1) comprising at least a ring of bars (7) surrounding a first substantially cylindrical charge of explosive (3) and arranged around the axis (4) of the head. This warhead (1) further comprises at least three explosive sectors (9) disposed between the outer casing (2) and the ring crown (s) (7). It is characterized in that the relative power levels of the different explosive sectors (9) are chosen so that only simultaneous initiation of all the sectors (9) ensures the initiation of the first charge (3) by the intermediate shocks transmitted through the bars (7).

Description

Le domaine technique de l'invention est celui des têtes militaires et plus particulièrement des têtes militaires permettant la dispersion de barreaux.The technical field of the invention is that of military heads and more particularly military heads allowing the dispersion of bars.

On connaît notamment par le brevet WO03/042624 une tête militaire comportant des barreaux cinétiques en matériau dense qui sont dispersés par explosif au voisinage d'une cible telle un missile balistique.We know in particular by the patent WO03 / 042624 a military head comprising kinetic rods of dense material which are dispersed by explosive in the vicinity of a target such as a ballistic missile.

Suivant les modes de réalisation connus, les barreaux sont entourés de différents secteurs d'explosifs disposés entre une enveloppe externe de la tête militaire et les barreaux. L'enveloppe externe est par ailleurs découpable par des moyens pyrotechniques tels que des cordeaux de découpe.According to the known embodiments, the bars are surrounded by different sectors of explosives arranged between an outer casing of the warhead and the bars. The outer envelope is also cutable by pyrotechnic means such as cutting cords.

Une telle tête militaire peut projeter les barreaux suivant différentes directions radiales. Des moyens de détection permettent de localiser la cible par rapport à la tête militaire. Les moyens d'amorçage provoquent alors en séquence : tout d'abord la découpe de l'enveloppe au niveau de la zone la plus proche de la cible puis l'initiation d'un ou plusieurs secteurs diamétralement opposés à la zone découpée. On assure ainsi l'éjection des barreaux radialement et en direction de la cible. Cette éjection se fait au travers de l'ouverture réalisée dans l'enveloppe par les moyens de découpe.Such a military head can project the bars in different radial directions. Detection means make it possible to locate the target relative to the military head. The priming means then cause in sequence: first cutting the envelope at the area closest to the target and then initiating one or more sectors diametrically opposed to the cut area. This ensures the ejection of the bars radially and towards the target. This ejection is made through the opening made in the envelope by the cutting means.

Une telle tête militaire propose aussi un mode de fonctionnement dans lequel les barreaux sont éjectés radialement suivant une répartition cylindrique (donc suivant toutes les directions radiales).Such a military head also proposes a mode of operation in which the bars are ejected radially in a cylindrical distribution (therefore in all radial directions).

Pour obtenir cela il est proposé de prévoir une charge explosive axiale qui est initiée par des moyens d'amorçage spécifiques.To achieve this, it is proposed to provide an axial explosive charge which is initiated by specific priming means.

Cependant une telle solution rend les moyens d'amorçage plus complexes. Il est en effet nécessaire de sécuriser au niveau d'une tête militaire tous les moyens d'amorçage afin d'éviter les initiations non désirées.However, such a solution makes the priming means more complex. It is indeed necessary to secure at a military head all means of priming to avoid unwanted initiations.

Par ailleurs cette charge explosive axiale devra être initiée à l'une ou l'autre de ses extrémités ce qui va provoquer une dispersion des barreaux suivant des directions qui ne sont pas réellement radiales mais plutôt orientées dans le sens de propagation de l'onde de détonation dans la charge explosive axiale.Moreover, this explosive axial load must be initiated at one or the other of its ends which will cause a dispersion of the bars in directions that are not really radial but rather oriented in the direction of propagation of the detonation wave in the axial explosive charge.

Les barreaux étant orientés parallèlement à l'axe de la tête militaire ils vont donc se trouver animés d'un mouvement de pivotement qui nuit à leur efficacité.The bars being oriented parallel to the axis of the warhead they will therefore be animated by a pivoting movement that impairs their effectiveness.

L'invention a pour objet de proposer une architecture de tête militaire qui permet d'une part de simplifier les moyens d'amorçage de la charge axiale et d'autre part d'assurer une dispersion des barreaux suivant des directions effectivement radiales.The object of the invention is to propose a military head architecture which makes it possible, on the one hand, to simplify the means for priming the axial load and on the other hand to ensure a dispersion of the bars in effectively radial directions.

Ainsi, l'invention a pour objet une tête militaire comprenant au moins une couronne de barreaux entourant une première charge d'explosif sensiblement cylindrique et disposée autour de l'axe de la tête, tête militaire comprenant par ailleurs au moins trois secteurs d'explosifs disposés entre l'enveloppe externe de la tête militaire et la ou les couronnes de barreaux, chaque secteur pouvant être initié de façon individuelle par un moyen d'amorçage spécifique, tête militaire caractérisée en ce que les niveaux de puissance relatifs des différents secteurs d'explosifs sont choisis de telle sorte que seule une initiation simultanée de tous les secteurs assure l'initiation de la première charge par l'intermédiaire des chocs transmis au travers des barreaux.Thus, the subject of the invention is a military head comprising at least a ring of bars surrounding a first substantially cylindrical explosive charge and arranged around the axis of the head, the military head comprising at least three sectors of explosives. disposed between the outer casing of the warhead and the bar crown (s), each sector being individually initiatable by a specific priming means, a warhead characterized in that the relative power levels of the different sectors of explosives are chosen so that only simultaneous initiation of all sectors ensures the initiation of the first load through shocks transmitted through the bars.

Avantageusement, les barreaux seront disposés dans un matériau amortisseur compressible.Advantageously, the bars will be arranged in a compressible damping material.

Les secteurs explosifs seront de préférence délimités par des parois sensiblement radiales réalisées en un matériau amortisseur de l'onde de choc.The explosive sectors will preferably be delimited by substantially radial walls made of shock-absorbing material of the shock wave.

Les parois radiales pourront être reliées à une paroi externe sensiblement cylindrique réalisée, elle aussi, en un matériau amortisseur.The radial walls may be connected to a substantially cylindrical outer wall also made of a damping material.

Le matériau explosif de la première charge sera avantageusement un matériau explosif à sensibilité réduite.The explosive material of the first charge will advantageously be an explosive material with reduced sensitivity.

L'invention sera mieux comprise à la lecture de la description qui va suivre d'un mode particulier de réalisation, description faite en référence aux dessins annexés et dans lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en coupe transversale de la tête militaire selon invention,
  • la figure 2 est une vue latérale externe (enveloppe retirée) de la tête militaire selon l'invention.
  • la figure 3 schématise une dispersion des barreaux suivant une direction particulière,
  • la figure 4 schématise une dispersion cylindrique des barreaux.
The invention will be better understood on reading the following description of a particular embodiment, a description given with reference to the appended drawings and in which:
  • the figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the military head according to the invention,
  • the figure 2 is an external lateral view (envelope removed) of the military head according to the invention.
  • the figure 3 schematizes a dispersion of the bars in a particular direction,
  • the figure 4 schematizes a cylindrical dispersion of the bars.

En se reportant aux figures 1 et 2, une tête militaire 1 selon l'invention comporte une enveloppe 2 en acier à l'intérieur de laquelle sont disposés différents éléments.Referring to Figures 1 and 2 , a military head 1 according to the invention comprises a steel casing 2 inside which are arranged different elements.

Cette tête 1 incorpore ainsi une première charge d'explosif 3 sensiblement cylindrique et ayant même axe 4 que la tête militaire 1. Cette charge est disposée dans un étui léger 5 par exemple en matière plastique et elle est entourée par plusieurs couches (ou couronnes circulaires) concentriques de barreaux cylindriques 7 noyés dans une matrice 6 d'un matériau amortisseur compressible, par exemple une mousse synthétique (par exemple une mousse de polyuréthane) qui assure la solidarisation des barreaux 7.This head 1 thus incorporates a first charge of explosive 3 substantially cylindrical and having the same axis 4 as the military head 1. This charge is disposed in a lightweight case 5 for example plastic and is surrounded by several layers (or circular rings ) concentric cylindrical rods 7 embedded in a matrix 6 of a compressible damping material, for example a synthetic foam (for example a polyurethane foam) which secures the bars 7.

Il y a ici quatre couronnes concentriques de barreaux 7. Les barreaux 7 de la couche interne sont en contact avec l'étui 5 de la première charge 3.There are here four concentric rings of bars 7. The bars 7 of the inner layer are in contact with the case 5 of the first load 3.

Les barreaux 7 sont cylindriques et réalisés en un matériau dense, par exemple en alliage de tungstène. Ils s'étendent sur sensiblement toute la longueur de la tête militaire 1.The bars 7 are cylindrical and made of a dense material, for example tungsten alloy. They extend over substantially the entire length of the military head 1.

Le matériau amortisseur compressible 6 qui assure la solidarisation des barreaux 7 est sous la forme de couches minces (de l'ordre du millimètre). On réalisera ainsi un seul et même bloc de matériau amortisseur 6 surmoulé sur les barreaux 7, bloc à l'intérieur duquel on positionnera ensuite la première charge explosive 3.The compressible damping material 6 which secures the bars 7 is in the form of thin layers (of the order of one millimeter). Thus, one and the same block of damping material 6 overmoulded on the bars 7, block inside which the first explosive charge 3 will then be positioned.

La tête militaire 1 comprend par ailleurs au moins trois secteurs 9 d'explosif qui sont disposés entre l'enveloppe externe 2 de la tête militaire et la ou les couronnes de barreaux 7.The warhead 1 also comprises at least three explosive sectors 9 which are arranged between the outer casing 2 of the warhead and the bar crown (s) 7.

Chaque secteur 9 peut être initié de façon individuelle par au moins un moyen d'amorçage spécifique 10.Each sector 9 can be initiated individually by at least one specific priming means 10.

Comme cela est plus clairement représenté à la figure 2, le moyen d'amorçage 10 de chaque secteur 9 comprend un détonateur central 10e qui initie de façon simultanée quatre relais de détonation 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d par l'intermédiaire de quatre cordeaux de transmission de détonation 18. L'initiation du détonateur 10e est commandée par une fusée électronique 11. L'initiation de ce détonateur 10e provoque donc l'initiation simultanée des quatre relais 10a, 10b, 10c,10d.As is more clearly represented in the figure 2 , the ignition means 10 of each sector 9 comprises a central detonator 10e which simultaneously initiates four detonation relays 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d via four detonation transmission cords 18. The initiation of the detonator 10e is controlled by an electronic rocket 11. The initiation of this detonator 10e thus causes the simultaneous initiation of the four relays 10a, 10b, 10c, 10d.

Ces relais sont disposés sur une surface externe de chaque secteur explosif 9 (en contact avec une paroi externe 13 délimitant ce secteur 9). Les relais sont ainsi disposés suivant une croix. Le moyen d'amorçage 10 est donc à la fois symétrique par rapport au plan de symétrie radial du secteur explosif 9 et par rapport au plan médian transversal à ce plan de symétrie. Le plan de symétrie radial est le plan suivant lequel se propagera l'onde de détonation engendrée par ce secteur 9. Ce plan passe par l'axe 4 de la tête militaire.These relays are arranged on an outer surface of each explosive sector 9 (in contact with an outer wall 13 delimiting this sector 9). The relays are thus arranged according to a cross. The ignition means 10 is therefore both symmetrical with respect to the radial plane of symmetry of the explosive sector 9 and relative to the median plane transverse to this plane of symmetry. The plane of radial symmetry is the plane along which the detonation wave generated by this sector 9 will propagate. This plane passes through the axis 4 of the warhead.

Seuls deux relais 10a,10c par secteur 9 sont représentés sur la figure 1.Only two relays 10a, 10c per sector 9 are represented on the figure 1 .

La mise en oeuvre de ces quatre moyens d'amorçage disposés à distance les uns des autres permet de donner à l'onde de détonation progressant dans un secteur 9 donné une direction sensiblement radiale. On maîtrise mieux ainsi la direction du choc appliqué aux barreaux 7.The implementation of these four ignition means arranged at a distance from each other makes it possible to give the detonation wave progressing in a given sector 9 a substantially radial direction. This gives better control over the direction of the shock applied to the bars 7.

Les secteurs explosifs 9 sont délimités par des parois 12 sensiblement radiales qui sont solidaires de la paroi externe 13 sensiblement cylindrique. La paroi externe 13 ainsi que les parois radiales 12 sont toutes réalisées en un matériau amortisseur de l'onde de choc, par exemple en une matière plastique de type polyacétal ou autre matériau équivalent.The explosive sectors 9 are delimited by substantially radial walls 12 which are integral with the substantially cylindrical outer wall 13. The outer wall 13 and the radial walls 12 are all made of a shock-absorbing material of the shock wave, for example a plastic material of polyacetal type or other equivalent material.

Le but recherché est d'éviter lors de l'initiation d'un secteur explosif 9 que l'onde de détonation progresse jusqu'à un secteur voisin. Il est en effet essentiel pour assurer la directivité de la tête militaire 1 que seul le (ou les) secteur(s) explosif(s) choisi(s) soi(en)t initié(s).The aim is to avoid during the initiation of an explosive sector 9 that the detonation wave progresses to a neighboring sector. It is indeed essential to ensure the directivity of the warhead 1 that only the explosive sector (s) chosen (s) are initiated (s).

D'un point de vue fabrication, il sera possible de réaliser par injection la paroi cylindrique 13 portant les différentes parois radiales 12. Les différents blocs explosifs 9 seront usinés individuellement et on les positionnera ensuite dans chaque logement délimité par deux parois 12 voisines.From a manufacturing point of view, it will be possible to inject the cylindrical wall 13 carrying the different radial walls 12. The various explosive blocks 9 will be machined individually and will then be positioned in each housing defined by two adjacent walls 12.

On remarque sur la figure 1 que des goulottes 14 sont aménagées sur la surface externe de la paroi 13 en regard de l'enveloppe 2. Ces goulottes sont disposées sensiblement au niveau des parois radiales 12. Chaque goulotte reçoit un cordeau de découpe pyrotechnique 15 qui est initié par une amorce 16 dont la mise à feu est commandée par la fusée 11 (figure 2).We notice on the figure 1 that chutes 14 are provided on the outer surface of the wall 13 facing the casing 2. These chutes are arranged substantially at the radial walls 12. Each chute receives a pyrotechnic cutting line 15 which is initiated by a primer 16 whose firing is controlled by rocket 11 ( figure 2 ).

Le fonctionnement de la tête militaire selon l'invention est le suivant.The operation of the military head according to the invention is as follows.

La figure 3 schématise le mode de dispersion des barreaux suivant une direction radiale δ privilégiée. Ce mode de fonctionnement est analogue à celui qui est décrit dans le brevet WO03/042624 . La détection et localisation d'une cible par des moyens (non représentés) va conduire à la détermination par un calculateur solidaire de la fusée 11 d'une direction d'action δ. La fusée 11 va alors commander en séquence :

  1. A- tout d'abord l'initiation de deux cordeaux de découpe 15 disposés symétriquement de part et d'autre de la direction δ. On choisira de préférence deux cordeaux disposés de telle sorte qu'ils permettent de découper un secteur 2a de l'enveloppe 2 d'au moins 90°. Une telle disposition vise à aménager une ouverture de dimensions suffisantes sur l'enveloppe 2 de façon à perturber le moins possible la dispersion des barreaux 7.
  2. B- ensuite l'initiation des moyens d'amorçage 10 du secteur explosif 9 correspondant à la direction δ. L'effort F communiqué par l'explosif va pousser l'ensemble des barreaux 7 hors de l'enveloppe 2 et en direction de la cible 17. La première charge explosive 3 n'est pas initiée et elle est éjectée avec les barreaux 7.
The figure 3 schematizes the mode of dispersion of the bars in a preferred radial direction δ. This mode of operation is similar to that described in the patent WO03 / 042624 . The detection and location of a target by means (not shown) will lead to the determination by a solidary computer of the rocket 11 of a direction of action δ. The rocket 11 will then command in sequence:
  1. A- first of all the initiation of two cutting cords 15 arranged symmetrically on either side of the direction δ. Two cords preferably arranged so that they can cut a sector 2a of the casing 2 by at least 90 °. Such an arrangement aims to provide an opening of sufficient size on the casing 2 so as to disturb as little as possible the dispersion of the bars 7.
  2. B- then initiation of the ignition means 10 of the explosive sector 9 corresponding to the direction δ. The force F communicated by the explosive will push all the bars 7 out of the envelope 2 and towards the target 17. The first explosive charge 3 is not initiated and is ejected with the bars 7.

Si la cible se trouve située à une distance de la tête militaire 1 supérieure à une valeur limite (qui sera préprogrammée dans la fusée 11), on pourra initier également les deux autres secteurs 9 voisins du secteur correspondant à la direction δ et disposés de part et d'autre de cette direction. On augmente ainsi la valeur de l'énergie cinétique communiquée aux barreaux 7 donc leur vitesse.If the target is located at a distance from the warhead 1 greater than a limit value (which will be preprogrammed in the rocket 11), we can also initiate the other two sectors 9 adjacent to the sector corresponding to the direction δ and disposed of and other of that direction. This increases the value of the kinetic energy communicated to the bars 7 and therefore their speed.

Dans le cas où la direction δ ne correspondrait pas à un secteur particulier (si elle passe par exemple par une des parois 12), on pourra commander l'initiation des deux secteurs 9 disposés de part et d'autre de cette direction δ.In the case where the direction δ does not correspond to a particular sector (if it passes for example by one of the walls 12), we can order the initiation of the two sectors 9 arranged on either side of this direction δ.

Il en résultera, par combinaison des efforts engendrés, un effort d'éjection F qui sera orienté suivant la direction souhaitée.This will result, by combination of the forces generated, an ejection force F which will be oriented in the desired direction.

La figure 4 schématise le mode de dispersion des barreaux suivant une répartition radiale cylindrique.The figure 4 schematizes the mode of dispersion of the bars in a cylindrical radial distribution.

Suivant ce mode de fonctionnement, la fusée 11 va commander en séquence :

  1. A- tout d'abord l'initiation de tous les cordeaux de découpe 15 qui assureront ainsi le fractionnement de toute l'enveloppe 2.
  2. B- ensuite l'initiation simultanée de tous les secteurs 9 par l'intermédiaire des moyens d'amorçage 10 de chaque secteur.
In this mode of operation, the rocket 11 will control in sequence:
  1. A- first of all the initiation of all the cutting cords 15 which will thus ensure the splitting of the entire envelope 2.
  2. B- then the simultaneous initiation of all sectors 9 via the ignition means 10 of each sector.

Les différents efforts F engendrés par ces initiations vont provoquer une transmission radiale des ondes de choc au travers des barreaux 7.The various forces F generated by these initiations will cause a radial transmission of the shock waves through the bars 7.

En effet si le matériau amortisseur 6 assure le maintien des barreaux 7 tout en assurant un amortissement des chocs de faible amplitude intervenant lors de la mise en oeuvre de la tête militaire, il n'amortit pas le choc qui sera transmis par l'initiation des secteurs explosifs 9. Ce choc progressera radialement au travers des différents barreaux 7 vers la première charge explosive 3.Indeed, if the damping material 6 ensures the maintenance of the bars 7 while ensuring a damping of low amplitude impacts occurring during the implementation of the military head, it does not dampen the shock that will be transmitted by the initiation of explosive sectors 9. This shock will progress radially through the various bars 7 to the first explosive charge 3.

La couronne interne de barreaux 7 est en contact avec l'étui 5 de la première charge 3. Le choc transmis va donc impacter directement la première charge 3 au travers de l'étui 5. La progression des ondes de chocs transmises par les secteurs 9 a une symétrie cylindrique.The inner ring of bars 7 is in contact with the case 5 of the first charge 3. The transmitted shock will therefore directly impact the first load 3 through the case 5. The progression of the shock waves transmitted by the sectors 9 has a cylindrical symmetry.

Tous les chocs vont donc arriver sur la première charge explosive 3 sensiblement au même instant.All shocks will therefore arrive on the first explosive charge 3 substantially at the same time.

L'énergie des différentes explosions des secteurs 9 va se trouver concentrée sur la première charge explosive 3 qui va être mise en détonation à son tour.The energy of the various explosions of the sectors 9 will be concentrated on the first explosive charge 3 which will be detonated in turn.

La mise en détonation de la première charge explosive va provoquer ensuite la dispersion radiale des barreaux 7 suivant toutes les directions radiales et avec une symétrie cylindrique (non représenté sur la figure).The detonation of the first explosive charge will then cause the radial dispersion of the bars 7 in all radial directions and with a cylindrical symmetry (not shown in the figure).

Conformément à une caractéristique essentielle de l'invention, les niveaux de puissance relatifs des différents secteurs d'explosifs 9 sont en effet choisis de telle sorte que seule une initiation simultanée de tous les secteurs 9 assure l'initiation de la première charge 3 par l'impact sur cette dernière des ondes de choc transmises via les barreaux 7.According to an essential characteristic of the invention, the relative power levels of the various sectors of explosives 9 are indeed chosen so that only a simultaneous initiation of all the sectors 9 ensures the initiation of the first charge 3 by the impact on the latter of the shock waves transmitted via the bars 7.

Il est en effet aisé de dimensionner chaque charge explosive 3, 9 de façon à respecter une telle condition.It is indeed easy to size each explosive charge 3, 9 so as to meet such a condition.

Lors du fonctionnement de la tête militaire 1 (figure3) suivant une direction privilégiée δ, l'initiation du secteur explosif 9 génère donc une mise en vitesse des barreaux 7 dans cette direction.When operating the warhead 1 ( Figure 3 ) in a preferred direction δ, the initiation of the explosive sector 9 thus generates a speed of the bars 7 in this direction.

Les effets amortissants des matériaux entourant l'explosif 3 (principalement le matériau amortisseur 6 et l'étui 5) ne permettent pas son initiation.The damping effects of the materials surrounding the explosive 3 (mainly the damping material 6 and the case 5) do not allow its initiation.

L'énergie issue de la détonation d'un seul secteur 9 (ou de un à trois secteurs 9) n'est pas suffisante pour le permettre.The energy from the detonation of a single sector 9 (or one to three sectors 9) is not sufficient to allow it.

On pourra par ailleurs mettre en oeuvre pour réaliser la première charge d'explosif 3 un matériau explosif à vulnérabilité réduite (matériau MDEPS comme : Matériau Détonant Extrêmement Peu Sensible). De tels matériaux sont bien connus aujourd'hui et décrits notamment par les brevets EP-814069 , US-4978482 et EP-1167324 . Les matériaux explosifs à vulnérabilité réduite sont aujourd'hui rangés dans deux familles: celle des explosifs composites (décrits par US-4978482 et EP-1167324 ) et celle des explosifs fusionnables (décrits par EP-0814069 ).It will also be possible to implement for the first explosive charge 3 an explosive material with reduced vulnerability (MDEPS material such as: Extremely insensitive detonating material). Such materials are well known today and described in particular by patents EP-814 069 , US 4978482 and EP-1167324 . Explosive materials with reduced vulnerability are now stored in two families: that of composite explosives (described by US 4978482 and EP-1167324 ) and that of mergeable explosives (described by EP-0814069 ).

La première charge d'explosif 3 ne reçoit donc pas une énergie suffisante pour être amorcée. Elle est éjectée avec les barreaux 7 et constitue un pseudo barreau contribuant à l'efficacité globale de la charge 1. Ses caractéristiques mécaniques de conception (notamment la rigidité de son étui 5) lui permettent de contribuer à une éjection harmonieuse de l'ensemble des barreaux 7.The first explosive charge 3 therefore does not receive sufficient energy to be primed. It is ejected with the bars 7 and constitutes a pseudo bar contributing to the overall efficiency of the load 1. Its mechanical design characteristics (including the rigidity of its case 5) allow it to contribute to a smooth ejection of all bars 7.

Pour obtenir une projection radiale cylindrique des barreaux 7 (figure 4), l'ensemble des secteurs explosifs 9 est amorcé simultanément de façon à apporter une énergie par choc qui est cumulée et d'un niveau suffisant au travers de la structure (étui 5, matériau amortisseur 6 et ensemble des couronnes de barreaux 7) pour dépasser le seuil d'amorçage requis pour la première charge explosive 3 (notamment si cette dernière est réalisée en un explosif à vulnérabilité réduite - MDEPS).To obtain a cylindrical radial projection of the bars 7 ( figure 4 ), the set of explosive sectors 9 is initiated simultaneously so as to provide a shock energy that is cumulative and of a sufficient level through the structure (case 5, damping material 6 and set of bar rings 7) for exceed the priming threshold required for the first explosive charge 3 (in particular if the explosive charge is made of an explosive with reduced vulnerability - MDEPS).

En fait, l'énergie apportée par la détonation d'un à trois secteurs explosifs 9 ne permet pas l'initiation de la première charge explosive 3 alors que celle apportée par la détonation de l'ensemble des secteurs explosifs 9 le permet.In fact, the energy provided by the detonation of one to three explosive sectors 9 does not allow the initiation of the first explosive charge 3 while that provided by the detonation of all the explosive sectors 9 allows it.

On notera par ailleurs que l'ensemble de la charge explosive de la tête militaire 1 se trouve divisée en plusieurs secteurs explosifs 9 associés à une première charge explosive axiale 3.Note also that the entire explosive charge of the warhead 1 is divided into several explosive sectors 9 associated with a first axial explosive charge 3.

Parallèlement, les charges explosives 9, 3 sont isolées les unes des autres par des matériaux absorbant les ondes de choc (matériau amortisseur 6 et parois de séparation radiales 12).In parallel, the explosive charges 9, 3 are isolated from each other by shock wave absorbing materials (damping material 6 and radial partition walls 12).

Une telle conception d'ensemble (division de l'explosif et isolation des explosifs) permet de réduire les risques de mise en détonation de l'ensemble de la tête militaire 1 lorsque cette dernière est amenée à subir une agression thermomécanique (impact de projectile, incendie). La tête militaire selon l'invention a donc une conception d'ensemble qui permet de réduire sa vulnérabilité.Such an overall design (division of the explosive and insulation of the explosives) makes it possible to reduce the risks of detonation of the whole of the warhead 1 when the latter is subjected to undergo a thermomechanical aggression (projectile impact, fire). The military head according to the invention therefore has an overall design that reduces its vulnerability.

Le dimensionnement des charges explosives 9 et 3 est d'autant plus aisé à réaliser pour obtenir une tel mode de fonctionnement que les niveaux d'énergie requis pour éjecter les barreaux à partir d'un ou de plusieurs secteurs sont faibles. En effet, avec le type de tête militaire proposé par l'invention, il n'est pas nécessaire d'obtenir des vitesses de projection importantes pour contrer la cible (missile balistique). Il suffit de positionner devant cette cible des barreaux lourds. La cible se trouvera détruite par les barreaux 7, principalement en raison de sa propre énergie cinétique.The sizing of the explosive charges 9 and 3 is all the easier to achieve to obtain such a mode of operation that the energy levels required to eject the bars from one or more sectors are low. Indeed, with the type of military head proposed by the invention, it is not necessary to obtain significant projection speeds to counter the target (ballistic missile). It is enough to position in front of this target of the heavy bars. The target will be destroyed by the bars 7, mainly because of its own kinetic energy.

Ce niveau d'énergie faible ne permet pas d'initier la première charge explosive 3 lorsque l'on procède à une éjection suivant une direction radiale privilégiée (figure 3). On dimensionnera néanmoins la première charge explosive 3 de telle sorte que la combinaison de toutes les ondes de choc transmises par les barreaux 7 sur cette première charge 3 assure son initiation. La masse d'explosif de cette charge 3 sera dimensionnée de façon à pouvoir assurer la dispersion radiale des barreaux avec le niveau de vitesse souhaité (de l'ordre de quelques dizaines de mètres par seconde).This low energy level does not make it possible to initiate the first explosive charge 3 when an ejection is carried out in a preferred radial direction ( figure 3 ). Nevertheless, the first explosive charge 3 will be dimensioned such that the combination of all the shock waves transmitted by the bars 7 on this first charge 3 ensures its initiation. The explosive mass of this load 3 will be dimensioned so as to ensure the radial dispersion of the bars with the desired speed level (of the order of a few tens of meters per second).

Du fait de la géométrie particulière de la tête militaire 1 selon l'invention, les ondes de chocs progressent radialement au travers des barreaux 7 tout en conservant une progression du front de l'onde de choc parallèle à l'axe 4 de la tête militaire.Due to the particular geometry of the warhead 1 according to the invention, the shock waves progress radially through the bars 7 while maintaining a progression of the front of the shock wave parallel to the axis 4 of the warhead. .

Il en résulte une initiation de la première charge explosive 3 par des chocs intervenant le long de génératrices cylindriques régulièrement réparties angulairement. La première charge 3 adopte alors un régime détonant à symétrie cylindrique et la projection radiale des barreaux 7 qui en résulte a également la même symétrie.This results in an initiation of the first explosive charge 3 by shocks occurring along cylindrical generatrices regularly distributed angularly. The first load 3 then adopts a detonating regime with cylindrical symmetry and the radial projection of the bars 7 which results also has the same symmetry.

On a donc grâce à l'invention très nettement simplifié le moyen d'amorçage de la charge cylindrique axiale 3 puisqu'il est constitué par les secteurs explosifs 9 associés aux barreaux 7.Therefore, thanks to the invention, the means of priming the axial cylindrical load 3 is very clearly simplified since it consists of the explosive sectors 9 associated with the bars 7.

On a par ailleurs obtenu une meilleure qualité de la dispersion des barreaux par cette charge axiale puisque le régime de détonation obtenu est cylindrique. On limite donc fortement le risque de voir les barreaux suivre des mouvements de pivotement.Moreover, a better quality of the dispersion of the bars by this axial load has been obtained since the detonation regime obtained is cylindrical. There is therefore a strong risk of seeing the bars follow pivoting movements.

Claims (5)

Tête militaire (1) comprenant au moins une couronne de barreaux (7) entourant une première charge d'explosif (3) sensiblement cylindrique et disposée autour de l'axe (4) de la tête, tête militaire comprenant par ailleurs au moins trois secteurs (9) d'explosifs disposés entre l'enveloppe externe (2) de la tête militaire et la ou les couronnes de barreaux (7), chaque secteur (9) pouvant être initié de façon individuelle par un moyen d'amorçage spécifique (10), tête militaire caractérisée en ce que les niveaux de puissance relatifs des différents secteurs d'explosifs (9) sont choisis de telle sorte que seule une initiation simultanée de tous les secteurs (9) assure l'initiation de la première charge (3) par l'intermédiaire des chocs transmis au travers des barreaux (7).Military head (1) comprising at least a ring of bars (7) surrounding a first substantially cylindrical charge of explosive (3) and arranged around the axis (4) of the head, the military head comprising at least three sectors (9) explosives arranged between the outer casing (2) of the warhead and the bar crown (s) (7), each sector (9) being individually initiatable by a specific priming means (10). ), a military head characterized in that the relative power levels of the different explosive sectors (9) are chosen such that only simultaneous initiation of all the sectors (9) ensures the initiation of the first charge (3) through shocks transmitted through the bars (7). Tête militaire selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les barreaux (7) sont disposés dans un matériau amortisseur compressible (6).Military head according to claim 1, characterized in that the bars (7) are arranged in a compressible damping material (6). Tête militaire selon une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que les secteurs explosifs (9) sont délimités par des parois (12) sensiblement radiales réalisées en un matériau amortisseur de l'onde de choc.Military head according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the explosive sectors (9) are delimited by walls (12) substantially radial made of a damping material of the shock wave. Tête militaire selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les parois radiales (12) sont reliées à une paroi externe (13) sensiblement cylindrique réalisée, elle aussi, en un matériau amortisseur.Military head according to claim 3, characterized in that the radial walls (12) are connected to a substantially cylindrical outer wall (13) also made of a damping material. Tête militaire selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le matériau explosif de la première charge (3) est un matériau explosif à sensibilité réduite.Military head according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the explosive material of the first charge (3) is an explosive material with reduced sensitivity.
EP09290958A 2008-12-31 2009-12-17 Warhead projecting rods Withdrawn EP2204634A1 (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0807515A FR2940683B1 (en) 2008-12-31 2008-12-31 MILITARY HEAD PROJECTING BARS.

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2410284A3 (en) * 2010-07-19 2014-09-24 Diehl BGT Defence GmbH & Co.KG Warhead

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4978482A (en) 1984-10-29 1990-12-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Melt cast thermoplastic elastomeric plastic bonded explosive
DE4139372C1 (en) * 1991-11-29 1995-03-02 Deutsche Aerospace Fragmentation warhead
EP0814069A1 (en) 1996-06-19 1997-12-29 Giat Industries Meltable/castable explosive composition with reduced sensitivity
EP1167324A1 (en) 2000-06-27 2002-01-02 The Minister of National Defence Government of Canada Insensitive melt cast explosive compositions containing energetic thermoplastic elastomers
WO2003042624A2 (en) 2001-06-04 2003-05-22 Raytheon Company Warhead with aligned projectiles
EP1584890A2 (en) * 2004-04-07 2005-10-12 Giat Industries Warhead generating fragments
WO2006136185A1 (en) * 2005-06-21 2006-12-28 Geke Technologie Gmbh Projectile or warhead

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4978482A (en) 1984-10-29 1990-12-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Melt cast thermoplastic elastomeric plastic bonded explosive
DE4139372C1 (en) * 1991-11-29 1995-03-02 Deutsche Aerospace Fragmentation warhead
EP0814069A1 (en) 1996-06-19 1997-12-29 Giat Industries Meltable/castable explosive composition with reduced sensitivity
EP1167324A1 (en) 2000-06-27 2002-01-02 The Minister of National Defence Government of Canada Insensitive melt cast explosive compositions containing energetic thermoplastic elastomers
WO2003042624A2 (en) 2001-06-04 2003-05-22 Raytheon Company Warhead with aligned projectiles
EP1584890A2 (en) * 2004-04-07 2005-10-12 Giat Industries Warhead generating fragments
WO2006136185A1 (en) * 2005-06-21 2006-12-28 Geke Technologie Gmbh Projectile or warhead

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2410284A3 (en) * 2010-07-19 2014-09-24 Diehl BGT Defence GmbH & Co.KG Warhead

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FR2940683A1 (en) 2010-07-02

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