EP1207241A1 - Wall element - Google Patents
Wall element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1207241A1 EP1207241A1 EP01402904A EP01402904A EP1207241A1 EP 1207241 A1 EP1207241 A1 EP 1207241A1 EP 01402904 A EP01402904 A EP 01402904A EP 01402904 A EP01402904 A EP 01402904A EP 1207241 A1 EP1207241 A1 EP 1207241A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- element according
- cover element
- insulating layer
- box
- concrete
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material
- E04C2/2885—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material with the insulating material being completely surrounded by, or embedded in, a stone-like material, e.g. the insulating material being discontinuous
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an element of wall and more particularly a covering element usable in particular in the roofs of buildings not residential buildings such as industrial buildings or collective buildings.
- the roof of such buildings includes usually a metal, concrete or wooden frame, on which cover elements are fixed.
- cover elements formed of ribbed metal plates fixed on purlins extending between beams of the frame. These plates are covered with insulation and layers bituminous waterproofing.
- cover elements require a complex frame and implement multiple components which are assembled on the site. The realization of such roofs is therefore relatively long and expensive and also proves to be dangerous considering the number of operations it is necessary to perform in height.
- the layers bituminous require maintenance and relatively frequent maintenance and have a duration of life that does not exceed fifteen years. Through elsewhere, given their composition, the layers bituminous tends to facilitate the spread of fires.
- the roofs of this type are usually covered with a layer of several centimeters of gravel limiting the flame spread to the top of the roof.
- this complicates the realization of the roof and weighs it down significantly.
- cover elements of cover made of corrugated metal sheets framing an insulating layer.
- cover elements are relatively long, so that it is possible to mount these directly between the structural beams without resorting to breakdowns.
- these cover elements generally have significant thicknesses, of the order of two meters for longer spans. The use of such cover elements therefore leads to either notable increase in the external height of the building, a significant decrease in height interior of it.
- a cover element comprising a frame box in concrete having at least one longitudinal part prestressed, and an insulating layer extending in the frame box.
- the cover element can be used for large spans, around 12 to 20 meters, while having a relatively thick weak, of the order of 40 centimeters.
- the mass of such elements is also relatively small.
- the elements hedges thus constituted also have a duration of significant life equivalent to that of the structure in concrete of the building they equip. Otherwise, the cover element can easily be machined to allow its adjustment to a support structure such that a frame and / or roofing elements surrounding.
- the frame box includes two plates that extend on either side of the insulating layer and are joined by side walls, the plates having surfaces internal ribs and / or the frame box being internally partitioned.
- This structure has mechanical strength particularly important.
- the concrete of the framework box has a cement matrix and reinforcing fillers such as metallic fibers, fibers synthetic or organic fibers.
- the insulating layer is made of concrete light advantageously comprising a matrix of cement and polystyrene beads.
- an insulating layer having a density of the order of 200 to 400 kg / m 3 and a compressive strength at 28 days of the order of 1 to 2 megapascals.
- the insulating layer is easily machinable, which facilitates the manufacture of the wall element, in particular when the framework box is internally ribbed and the insulating layer is used as an insert in the formwork in which the concrete forming the box is poured.
- this type of material is substantially non-combustible or non-flammable.
- the wall element which will now be described is intended to be fixed to a frame to form a cover element.
- This wall element can also be used in combination with a structure support to form cladding.
- the cover element comprises a framework box generally designated as 1 and an insulating layer 2 extending inside the frame box 1.
- the frame box 1 comprises two plates 3, 4 which extend on either side of the insulating layer 2 and are joined by side walls 5, 6.
- the ends 1 ′ of the box are closed by internal transverse partitions 14 which insulate the interior of the framework box 1 and the insulating layer 2 from outside and in particular fire in case fire or water.
- the transverse partitions internal 14 also mechanically reinforce the box frame 1.
- the frame box 1 is made of a material comprising a cement matrix in which are dispersed metallic fibers, synthetic fibers or organic fibers.
- This material is made from aggregates having a small particle size, preferably less than 0.3 mm, and water.
- the composition of the material is determined so that the material has good resistance to the freeze-thaw cycle (no deterioration of its properties after 300 cycles), a low capillary porosity advantageously less than 10 ⁇ m (or less than 1%) , a low total porosity advantageously between 2% and 6% and a shrinkage after curing less than 10 -5 .
- the combination of these characteristics gives the material a longer service life than conventional concrete and intrinsic impermeability in the absence of cracks.
- the concrete constituting the framework box and more particularly at the level of the plate intended for be oriented towards the interior of the building, can include plastic fibers so that in case temperature increase, fiber melting plastics allow at least partial release of internal constraints.
- the external surface of plates 3, 4 and more particularly one that is intended to be oriented towards the interior of the building can be covered in any or part of a layer of intumescent paint.
- the internal surface of plates 3, 4 and more particularly that of the plate 4 intended to be find inside the building is preferably covered in whole or in part with a layer of plaster in particular, in the event of a fire, to slow down the diffusion heat towards the inside of the case.
- the insulating layer 2 is preferably made in a light insulating concrete which is advantageously composed of a cement matrix in which are dispersed polystyrene beads.
- a light insulating concrete which is advantageously composed of a cement matrix in which are dispersed polystyrene beads.
- the insulating layer 2 can be made from foam blocks of polystyrene or polyurethane foam or even from any other low insulating material density.
- the plate referenced 4 is that which is intended for be on the inside of the building.
- the plates 3, 4 have smooth internal surfaces.
- longitudinal ribs 7 and transverse ribs 8 extend over the surfaces internal plates 3, 4. These ribs exert a frame stiffening function 1.
- the frame box 1 includes a part longitudinal prestressing extending here in the part side walls 5, 6 adjacent to the plate 4, that is to say in the part of these extending the most often below the zero constraint line.
- the prestressing is ensured by means of adhesive cables 9 embedded in concrete to exert a compressive force on this part of each side wall 5, 6.
- the insulating layer 2 not shown here, has grooves that receive the ribs longitudinal and transverse 7, 8.
- Prestressing elements 9 extend here longitudinally in the parts of the side walls 5, 6 and internal partitions 10, 11 adjacent to the plate 4.
- the ends 1 'of the box 1 include several internal transverse walls 14 parallel to each other closing off the ends 1 '. This allows, when cutting the element of cover to decrease its length, keep at minus a transverse partition 14 after cutting for protect and insulate the interior of the frame box 1 and the insulating layer 2 from the outside and for example flames in case of fire or water.
- the walls internal cross-sections also contribute to mechanical reinforcement of the framework box 1.
- the framework box is partitioned internally by partitions 10, 11, 12, 13 extending longitudinally between plates 3 and 4 parallel at the side walls 5, 6.
- Prestressing elements 9 extend in the parts of the side walls 5, 6 and of the partitions internal 10, 11, 12, 13 adjacent to the plate 4.
- the wall element can be easily machined (e.g. cut) to make pass vertically through ducts or conduits or allow adjustments to other items.
- the manufacture of the wall element in accordance with the invention begins with the production of the layer insulating 2 by pouring concrete into a formwork whose dimensions correspond to those of the interior space of the frame box 1.
- grooves corresponding are machined in insulating layer 2 after hardening thereof.
- grooves are machined in the insulating layer 2.
- the layer insulator 2 is deposited on the plate 4 then the assembly is covered with concrete to form the side walls 5, 6 and plate 3.
- the insulating layer 2 has grooves, it is necessary that the concrete enters these grooves so that they form a rib molding imprint. It is the same when the insulating layer has grooves.
- the light insulating concrete used for the layer insulating material is considered non-combustible or not flammable and its thermal insulation properties slow the diffusion of heat thus limiting temperature increase at the plate top and also side walls and internal partitions.
- this type of wall element it is possible to have a fire stability of the order of 60 minutes minimum. The fire behavior of such cover element is therefore particularly interesting.
- This embodiment provides good adhesion between the concrete forming the framework box and the one forming the insulating layer. In case of cracking of the wall element, this adhesion tends to maintain the parts cracked with the rest of the element of wall.
- the deterioration of the plate 4 does not noticeably the appearance of form instability at level of the rest of the wall element.
- the configuration of the ribs internal and / or internal partitions of the box framework and arrangement and / or number of elements prestressing can be modified in particular by function of the efforts that the element of wall and the direction of application of these, mechanical properties of the insulating layer, mechanical properties of the concrete used ...
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Abstract
Description
La présente invention concerne un élément de paroi et plus particulièrement un élément de couverture utilisable notamment dans les toitures des bâtiments non résidentiels tels que des bâtiments industriels ou des bâtiments collectifs.The present invention relates to an element of wall and more particularly a covering element usable in particular in the roofs of buildings not residential buildings such as industrial buildings or collective buildings.
La toiture de tels bâtiments comprend généralement une charpente en métal, en béton ou en bois, sur laquelle sont fixés des éléments de couverture.The roof of such buildings includes usually a metal, concrete or wooden frame, on which cover elements are fixed.
Il est connu des éléments de couverture formés de plaques métalliques nervurées fixées sur des pannes s'étendant entre des poutres de la charpente. Ces plaques métalliques sont recouvertes d'un isolant et de couches bitumineuses d'étanchéité. De tels éléments de couverture nécessitent une charpente complexe et mettent en oeuvre de multiples composants dont l'assemblage est réalisé sur le site. La réalisation de telles toitures est donc relativement longue et coûteuse et s'avère également dangereuse compte tenu du nombre d'opérations qu'il est nécessaire de réaliser en hauteur. En outre, les couches bitumineuses nécessitent des opérations de maintenance et d'entretien relativement fréquentes et ont une durée de vie qui n'excède pas une quinzaine d'années. Par ailleurs, compte tenu de leur composition, les couches bitumineuses tendent à faciliter la propagation des incendies.It is known to cover elements formed of ribbed metal plates fixed on purlins extending between beams of the frame. These plates are covered with insulation and layers bituminous waterproofing. Such cover elements require a complex frame and implement multiple components which are assembled on the site. The realization of such roofs is therefore relatively long and expensive and also proves to be dangerous considering the number of operations it is necessary to perform in height. In addition, the layers bituminous require maintenance and relatively frequent maintenance and have a duration of life that does not exceed fifteen years. Through elsewhere, given their composition, the layers bituminous tends to facilitate the spread of fires.
Pour pallier cet inconvénient, les toitures de ce type sont généralement recouvertes d'une couche de plusieurs centimètres de gravillons limitant la propagation des flammes vers le haut de la toiture. Cependant, ceci complexifie la réalisation de la toiture et alourdit celle-ci de façon importante.To overcome this drawback, the roofs of this type are usually covered with a layer of several centimeters of gravel limiting the flame spread to the top of the roof. However, this complicates the realization of the roof and weighs it down significantly.
Il est également utilisé des éléments de couverture formés de tôles métalliques ondulées encadrant une couche isolante. De tels éléments de couverture sont réalisables en relativement grande longueur de sorte qu'il est possible de monter ceux-ci directement entre les poutres de la charpente sans recourir à des pannes. Toutefois, ces éléments de couverture ont généralement des épaisseurs importantes, de l'ordre de deux mètres pour les plus longues portées. L'utilisation de tels éléments de couverture entraíne donc soit une augmentation notable de la hauteur extérieure du bâtiment, soit une diminution notable de la hauteur intérieure de celui-ci.It is also used elements of cover made of corrugated metal sheets framing an insulating layer. Such cover elements are relatively long, so that it is possible to mount these directly between the structural beams without resorting to breakdowns. However, these cover elements generally have significant thicknesses, of the order of two meters for longer spans. The use of such cover elements therefore leads to either notable increase in the external height of the building, a significant decrease in height interior of it.
Il serait donc intéressant de disposer d'un élément de couverture remédiant aux inconvénients de l'art antérieur.It would therefore be interesting to have a cover element remedying the disadvantages of prior art.
A cet effet, on prévoit, selon l'invention, un élément de couverture comprenant un caisson d'ossature en béton ayant au moins une partie longitudinale précontrainte, et une couche isolante s'étendant dans le caisson d'ossature.To this end, provision is made, according to the invention, for a cover element comprising a frame box in concrete having at least one longitudinal part prestressed, and an insulating layer extending in the frame box.
Avec cette structure, l'élément de couverture peut être utilisé pour de grandes portées, de l'ordre de 12 à 20 mètres, tout en ayant une épaisseur relativement faible, de l'ordre de 40 centimètres. La masse de tels éléments est également relativement faible. Les éléments de couverture ainsi constitués ont en outre une durée de vie importante équivalente à celle de la structure en béton du bâtiment qu'ils équipent. Par ailleurs, l'élément de couverture peut facilement être usiné pour permettre son ajustement à une structure support telle qu'une charpente et/ou aux éléments de couverture environnant.With this structure, the cover element can be used for large spans, around 12 to 20 meters, while having a relatively thick weak, of the order of 40 centimeters. The mass of such elements is also relatively small. The elements hedges thus constituted also have a duration of significant life equivalent to that of the structure in concrete of the building they equip. Otherwise, the cover element can easily be machined to allow its adjustment to a support structure such that a frame and / or roofing elements surrounding.
Selon un mode de réalisation particulier, le caisson d'ossature comprend deux plaques qui s'étendent de part et d'autre de la couche isolante et sont réunies par des parois latérales, les plaques ayant des surfaces internes nervurées et/ou le caisson d'ossature étant cloisonné intérieurement. According to a particular embodiment, the frame box includes two plates that extend on either side of the insulating layer and are joined by side walls, the plates having surfaces internal ribs and / or the frame box being internally partitioned.
Cette structure présente une résistance mécanique particulièrement importante.This structure has mechanical strength particularly important.
Avantageusement, le béton du caisson d'ossature comporte une matrice de ciment et des charges de renfort telles que des fibres métalliques, des fibres synthétiques ou des fibres organiques.Advantageously, the concrete of the framework box has a cement matrix and reinforcing fillers such as metallic fibers, fibers synthetic or organic fibers.
De préférence, la couche isolante est en un béton léger comprenant avantageusement une matrice de ciment et des billes de polystyrène.Preferably, the insulating layer is made of concrete light advantageously comprising a matrix of cement and polystyrene beads.
Il est possible d'obtenir une couche isolante présentant une masse volumique de l'ordre de 200 à 400 kg/m3 et une résistance en compression à 28 jours de l'ordre de 1 à 2 mégapascals. La couche isolante est facilement usinable, ce qui facilite la fabrication de l'élément de paroi en particulier lorsque le caisson d'ossature est nervuré intérieurement et que la couche isolante est utilisée comme insert dans le coffrage dans lequel est coulé le béton formant le caisson. En outre, ce type de matériau est sensiblement incombustible ou non inflammable.It is possible to obtain an insulating layer having a density of the order of 200 to 400 kg / m 3 and a compressive strength at 28 days of the order of 1 to 2 megapascals. The insulating layer is easily machinable, which facilitates the manufacture of the wall element, in particular when the framework box is internally ribbed and the insulating layer is used as an insert in the formwork in which the concrete forming the box is poured. . In addition, this type of material is substantially non-combustible or non-flammable.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront à la lecture de la description qui suit de modes de réalisation particuliers non limitatifs de l'invention.Other features and benefits of the invention will emerge on reading the description which follows from particular embodiments not limiting of the invention.
Il sera fait référence aux dessins annexés, parmi lesquels :
- la figure 1 est une vue en perspective d'un élément de couverture selon un premier mode de réalisation,
- la figure 2 est une vue en perspective et en coupe transversale avec écorché d'un caisson d'ossature d'un élément de couverture selon un deuxième mode de réalisation,
- la figure 3 est une vue analogue à la figure 2 d'un caisson d'ossature d'un élément de couverture selon un troisième mode de réalisation,
- les figures 4 et 5 sont des vues partielles en perspective avec écorché du caisson d'ossature de cet élément de couverture,
- la figure 6 est une vue analogue à la figure 2 d'un élément de couverture selon un quatrième mode de réalisation,
- la figure 7 est une vue partielle en perspective d'une extrémité de cet élément de couverture.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a cover element according to a first embodiment,
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view in cross section with cutaway of a frame box of a cover element according to a second embodiment,
- FIG. 3 is a view similar to FIG. 2 of a framework box of a cover element according to a third embodiment,
- FIGS. 4 and 5 are partial perspective views with cutaway of the framework box of this cover element,
- FIG. 6 is a view similar to FIG. 2 of a cover element according to a fourth embodiment,
- Figure 7 is a partial perspective view of one end of this cover element.
L'élément de paroi qui va maintenant être décrit est destiné à être fixé à une charpente pour former un élément de couverture. Cet élément de paroi peut également être utilisé en association avec une structure support pour former un bardage.The wall element which will now be described is intended to be fixed to a frame to form a cover element. This wall element can also be used in combination with a structure support to form cladding.
En référence aux figures, l'élément de couverture
conforme à l'invention comprend un caisson d'ossature
généralement désigné en 1 et une couche isolante 2
s'étendant à l'intérieur du caisson d'ossature 1.With reference to the figures, the cover element
according to the invention comprises a framework box
generally designated as 1 and an
Le caisson d'ossature 1 comprend deux plaques 3,
4 qui s'étendent de part et d'autre de la couche isolante
2 et sont réunies par des parois latérales 5, 6.The
Les extrémités 1' du caisson sont obturées par
des cloisons transversales internes 14 qui isolent
l'intérieur du caisson d'ossature 1 et la couche isolante
2 de l'extérieur et en particulier du feu en cas
d'incendie ou de l'eau. Les cloisons transversales
internes 14 renforcent aussi mécaniquement le caisson
d'ossature 1.The
Le caisson d'ossature 1 est réalisé dans un
matériau comportant une matrice de ciment dans laquelle
sont dispersées des fibres métalliques, des fibres
synthétiques ou des fibres organiques. Ce matériau est
réalisé à partir de granulats ayant une granulométrie
faible, de préférence inférieure à 0,3 mm, et d'eau.
D'une manière connue en soi, il est possible d'ajouter
des adjuvants pour obtenir une plasticité déterminée avec
le minimum d'eau de gâchage. Avantageusement, la
composition du matériau est déterminée pour que le
matériau ait une bonne résistance au cycle de gel-dégel
(pas de détérioration de ses propriétés après 300
cycles), une porosité capillaire faible avantageusement
inférieure à 10 µm (ou inférieure à 1 %), une porosité
totale faible avantageusement comprise entre 2 % et 6 %
et un retrait après cure inférieur à 10-5. La combinaison
de ces caractéristiques confère au matériau une durée de
vie supérieure à celle des bétons conventionnels et une
imperméabilité intrinsèque en l'absence de fissures.The
Le béton constituant le caisson d'ossature, et plus particulièrement au niveau de la plaque destinée à être orientée vers l'intérieur du bâtiment, peut comprendre des fibres plastiques de manière que, en cas d'augmentation de la température, la fusion des fibres plastiques permette une libération au moins partielle des contraintes internes.The concrete constituting the framework box, and more particularly at the level of the plate intended for be oriented towards the interior of the building, can include plastic fibers so that in case temperature increase, fiber melting plastics allow at least partial release of internal constraints.
La surface externe des plaques 3, 4 et plus
particulièrement celle qui est destinée à être orientée
vers l'intérieur du bâtiment peut être recouverte en tout
ou partie d'une couche de peinture intumescente.The external surface of
La surface interne des plaques 3, 4 et plus
particulièrement celle de la plaque 4 destinée à se
trouver à l'intérieur du bâtiment est de préférence
recouverte en tout ou partie d'une couche de plâtre
notamment, en cas d'incendie, pour ralentir la diffusion
de la chaleur vers l'intérieur du caisson.The internal surface of
La couche isolante 2 est réalisée de préférence
en un béton isolant léger qui est avantageusement composé
d'une matrice de ciment dans laquelle sont dispersées des
billes de polystyrène. Lors de la fabrication de ce
béton, il est possible d'ajouter au ciment, aux billes de
polystyrène et à l'eau de gâchage, notamment de la chaux
hydraulique, un adjuvant de type protéinique animal et/ou
une charge calcaire.The insulating
En variante, lorsque le comportement de la couche
isolante au feu n'est pas déterminant, la couche isolante
2 peut être réalisée à partir de blocs de mousse de
polystyrène ou de mousse de polyuréthanne ou bien encore
à partir de toute autre matière isolante de faible
densité.Alternatively, when the behavior of the layer
fire-insulating is not decisive, the
Les éléments identiques ou analogues à ceux précédemment décrits porteront des références numériques identiques dans la description détaillée qui suit des différents modes de réalisation.Elements identical or analogous to those previously described will bear numerical references identical in the following detailed description of different embodiments.
Dans la suite de la description, on considérera que la plaque référencée 4 est celle qui est destinée à se trouver du côté intérieur du bâtiment.In the following description, we will consider that the plate referenced 4 is that which is intended for be on the inside of the building.
Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 1
correspondant à la forme la plus simple de l'élément de
couverture conforme à l'invention, les plaques 3, 4 ont
des surfaces internes lisses.In the embodiment of Figure 1
corresponding to the simplest form of the element of
cover according to the invention, the
Dans le deuxième mode de réalisation représenté à
la figure 2, des nervures longitudinales 7 et des
nervures transversales 8 s'étendent sur les surfaces
internes des plaques 3, 4. Ces nervures exercent une
fonction de raidissement du caisson d'ossature 1.In the second embodiment shown in
Figure 2,
Le caisson d'ossature 1 comprend une partie
longitudinale précontrainte s'étendant ici dans la partie
des parois latérales 5, 6 adjacente à la plaque 4, c'est-à-dire
dans la partie de celles-ci s'étendant le plus
souvent sous la ligne de contrainte nulle. La
précontrainte est assurée au moyen de câbles adhérents 9
noyés dans le béton pour exercer un effort de compression
sur cette partie de chaque paroi latérale 5, 6.The
La couche isolante 2, non représentée ici,
présente des rainures qui reçoivent les nervures
longitudinales et transversales 7, 8. The insulating
Dans le troisième mode de réalisation représenté
aux figures 3, 4 (dans cette dernière, la plaque 3 n'est
pas représentée) et 5, des nervures longitudinales 7 et
des nervures transversales 8 s'étendent sur la surface
interne de la plaque 3 et la surface interne de la plaque
4 est lisse.In the third embodiment shown
Figures 3, 4 (in the latter, the
Par ailleurs, deux cloisons longitudinales
internes 10, 11 s'étendent dans le caisson d'ossature 1
entre les plaques 3 et 4 parallèlement aux parois
latérales 5, 6.In addition, two longitudinal partitions
internal 10, 11 extend into the
Des éléments de précontrainte 9 s'étendent ici
longitudinalement dans les parties des parois latérales
5, 6 et des cloisons internes 10, 11 adjacentes à la
plaque 4.
On remarque que les extrémités 1' du caisson 1
comprennent plusieurs parois transversales internes 14
parallèles les unes aux autres obturant les extrémités
1'. Ceci permet, lors d'une découpe de l'élément de
couverture pour diminuer sa longueur, de conserver au
moins une cloison transversale 14 après découpe pour
protéger et isoler l'intérieur du caisson d'ossature 1 et
la couche isolante 2 de l'extérieur et par exemple des
flammes en cas d'incendie ou de l'eau. Les parois
transversales internes contribuent également au
renforcement mécanique du caisson d'ossature 1.Note that the ends 1 'of the
Dans le quatrième mode de réalisation représenté
aux figures 6 et 7, le caisson d'ossature est cloisonné
intérieurement par des cloisons 10, 11, 12, 13 s'étendant
longitudinalement entre les plaques 3 et 4 parallèlement
aux parois latérales 5, 6.In the fourth embodiment shown
in Figures 6 and 7, the framework box is partitioned
internally by
Des éléments de précontrainte 9 s'étendent dans
les parties des parois latérales 5, 6 et des cloisons
internes 10, 11, 12, 13 adjacentes à la plaque 4.
On remarquera en particulier en liaison avec les
figures 4, 5 et 6, que les parois latérales 5, 6 et les
cloisons internes 10, 11, 12, 13 ont une épaisseur plus
importante au niveau des extrémités 1' du caisson
d'ossature 1. Ceci permet d'effectuer des coupes
d'ajustement ou des perçages pour la fixation des
éléments de paroi les uns aux autres sans affaiblir le
caisson d'ossature 1. On améliore également ainsi la
reprise des efforts.It will be noted in particular in connection with the
Figures 4, 5 and 6, that the
D'une manière générale, l'élément de paroi peut être facilement usiné (par exemple découpé) pour faire passer notamment verticalement des gaines ou des conduits ou permettre des ajustements à d'autres éléments.Generally, the wall element can be easily machined (e.g. cut) to make pass vertically through ducts or conduits or allow adjustments to other items.
La fabrication de l'élément de paroi conforme à
l'invention débute par la réalisation de la couche
isolante 2 par coulage du béton dans un coffrage dont les
dimensions correspondent à celles de l'espace intérieur
du caisson d'ossature 1.The manufacture of the wall element in accordance with
the invention begins with the production of the layer
insulating 2 by pouring concrete into a formwork whose
dimensions correspond to those of the interior space
of the
Lorsque le caisson d'ossature 1 est destiné à
comporter des nervures internes, des rainures
correspondantes sont usinées dans la couche isolante 2
après durcissement de celle-ci. Pour la réalisation des
éléments de paroi à cloisons internes, des saignées sont
usinées dans la couche isolante 2.When the
Du béton est ensuite coulé dans le fond d'un
coffrage dont les dimensions intérieures correspondent
aux dimensions extérieures du caisson d'ossature 1 pour
former la plaque 4.Concrete is then poured into the bottom of a
formwork whose internal dimensions correspond
the external dimensions of the
Immédiatement après cette coulée, la couche
isolante 2 est déposée sur la plaque 4 puis l'ensemble
est recouvert de béton pour former les parois latérales
5, 6 et la plaque 3. Lorsque la couche isolante 2
comporte des rainures, il est nécessaire que le béton
pénètre dans ces rainures pour que celles-ci forment une
empreinte de moulage des nervures. Il en est de même
lorsque la couche isolante comporte des saignées.Immediately after this pouring, the
Le béton isolant léger utilisé pour la couche isolante est considéré comme incombustible ou non inflammable et ses propriétés d'isolation thermique ralentissent la diffusion de la chaleur limitant ainsi l'augmentation de température au niveau de la plaque supérieure et également des parois latérales et des cloisons internes. Avec ce type d'éléments de paroi, il est possible d'avoir une stabilité au feu de l'ordre de 60 minutes au minimum. Le comportement au feu d'un tel élément de couverture est donc particulièrement intéressant.The light insulating concrete used for the layer insulating material is considered non-combustible or not flammable and its thermal insulation properties slow the diffusion of heat thus limiting temperature increase at the plate top and also side walls and internal partitions. With this type of wall element, it is possible to have a fire stability of the order of 60 minutes minimum. The fire behavior of such cover element is therefore particularly interesting.
Ce mode de réalisation permet d'avoir une bonne adhérence entre le béton formant le caisson d'ossature et celui formant la couche isolante. En cas de fissuration de l'élément de paroi, cette adhérence tend à maintenir les parties fissurées avec le reste de l'élément de paroi.This embodiment provides good adhesion between the concrete forming the framework box and the one forming the insulating layer. In case of cracking of the wall element, this adhesion tends to maintain the parts cracked with the rest of the element of wall.
Par ailleurs, avec une structure nervurée ou
cloisonnée, la détérioration de la plaque 4 n'entraíne
sensiblement pas l'apparition d'instabilité de forme au
niveau du reste de l'élément de paroi.In addition, with a ribbed structure or
partitioned, the deterioration of the
Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation décrit et on peut y apporter des variantes de réalisation sans sortir du cadre de l'invention tel que défini par les revendications.Of course, the invention is not limited to embodiment described and we can add variants without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
En particulier, d'autres modes de fabrication de l'élément de paroi sont envisageables.In particular, other methods of manufacturing the wall element are conceivable.
Par ailleurs, la configuration des nervures internes et/ou des cloisons internes du caisson d'ossature et l'agencement et/ou le nombre des éléments de précontrainte peuvent être modifiés notamment en fonction des efforts que devra supporter l'élément de paroi et de la direction d'application de ceux-ci, des propriétés mécaniques de la couche isolante, des propriétés mécaniques des bétons utilisés...In addition, the configuration of the ribs internal and / or internal partitions of the box framework and arrangement and / or number of elements prestressing can be modified in particular by function of the efforts that the element of wall and the direction of application of these, mechanical properties of the insulating layer, mechanical properties of the concrete used ...
Claims (12)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0014852A FR2816972B1 (en) | 2000-11-17 | 2000-11-17 | WALL ELEMENT |
| FR0014852 | 2000-11-17 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1207241A1 true EP1207241A1 (en) | 2002-05-22 |
| EP1207241B1 EP1207241B1 (en) | 2007-03-07 |
Family
ID=8856587
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP01402904A Expired - Lifetime EP1207241B1 (en) | 2000-11-17 | 2001-11-13 | Wall element |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1207241B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE356260T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE60127075T2 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2282217T3 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2816972B1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE202018105997U1 (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2020-01-21 | Rehau Ag + Co | Lightweight wall module |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2166574A5 (en) * | 1971-12-30 | 1973-08-17 | Zucco Noel | |
| WO1980000232A1 (en) * | 1978-07-17 | 1980-02-21 | Ametex Ltd | Method for manufacturing insulating construction elements |
| WO1999051829A1 (en) * | 1998-04-07 | 1999-10-14 | Phillip Boot Holdings Pty. Ltd. | Pre-cast concrete walling system |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4232494A (en) * | 1979-04-27 | 1980-11-11 | Tamil D. Bauch | Composite construction panel |
| DE4112785A1 (en) * | 1991-04-19 | 1992-10-22 | Hubert Hasenfratz | Combination plate with two outer layers of fibre-reinforced light concrete - has intermediate insulating layer comprising at least one mineral fibre plate with steel reinforcements running parallel to its long sides |
| AU7485896A (en) * | 1995-11-17 | 1997-06-11 | Alpha Brevet S.A. | Insulation material for sound and/or heat insulation |
-
2000
- 2000-11-17 FR FR0014852A patent/FR2816972B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-11-13 AT AT01402904T patent/ATE356260T1/en active
- 2001-11-13 DE DE60127075T patent/DE60127075T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-13 ES ES01402904T patent/ES2282217T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-11-13 EP EP01402904A patent/EP1207241B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2166574A5 (en) * | 1971-12-30 | 1973-08-17 | Zucco Noel | |
| WO1980000232A1 (en) * | 1978-07-17 | 1980-02-21 | Ametex Ltd | Method for manufacturing insulating construction elements |
| WO1999051829A1 (en) * | 1998-04-07 | 1999-10-14 | Phillip Boot Holdings Pty. Ltd. | Pre-cast concrete walling system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1207241B1 (en) | 2007-03-07 |
| ES2282217T3 (en) | 2007-10-16 |
| DE60127075D1 (en) | 2007-04-19 |
| ATE356260T1 (en) | 2007-03-15 |
| FR2816972B1 (en) | 2003-07-25 |
| DE60127075T2 (en) | 2007-11-15 |
| FR2816972A1 (en) | 2002-05-24 |
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