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EP0153291B1 - Insulating panel of a composite material - Google Patents

Insulating panel of a composite material Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0153291B1
EP0153291B1 EP85870023A EP85870023A EP0153291B1 EP 0153291 B1 EP0153291 B1 EP 0153291B1 EP 85870023 A EP85870023 A EP 85870023A EP 85870023 A EP85870023 A EP 85870023A EP 0153291 B1 EP0153291 B1 EP 0153291B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
panel
dimensional
grid
covering
facing board
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85870023A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0153291A1 (en
Inventor
Marc Bekaert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
N.V. MAATSCHAPPIJ VOOR STUDIE, BIJSTAND EN ONDERZO
Original Assignee
Nv Voor Studie Bijstand En Onderzoek Ii Msbo Ii Mij
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from BE0/212390A external-priority patent/BE898912A/en
Application filed by Nv Voor Studie Bijstand En Onderzoek Ii Msbo Ii Mij filed Critical Nv Voor Studie Bijstand En Onderzoek Ii Msbo Ii Mij
Publication of EP0153291A1 publication Critical patent/EP0153291A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0153291B1 publication Critical patent/EP0153291B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/20—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics
    • E04C2/22—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of plastics reinforced
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/24—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20
    • E04C2/243—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20 one at least of the material being insulating
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
    • E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
    • E04C2/296—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and non-metallic or unspecified sheet-material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24149—Honeycomb-like
    • Y10T428/24157—Filled honeycomb cells [e.g., solid substance in cavities, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24996—With internal element bridging layers, nonplanar interface between layers, or intermediate layer of commingled adjacent foam layers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249971—Preformed hollow element-containing
    • Y10T428/249973—Mineral element
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249987—With nonvoid component of specified composition
    • Y10T428/24999—Inorganic

Definitions

  • the three-dimensional frame described in document DE-B-1 121 323 is however formed from a flat frame pleated in accordion or in boxes.
  • a flat trellis with triangular or straight pleats offers no resistance to bending in the direction perpendicular to the pleats.
  • this specification is essential if the panel is to be able to offer sufficient resistance to lateral and / or oblique stresses, for example in the case of a pitched roof.
  • This supporting structure may include a support frame composed of a series of metal beams, concrete or wooden beams on which are fixed, for example, profiled steel sheets, self-supporting.
  • This panel is characterized in that the core consists of a series of three-dimensional lattice beams formed of parallel steel rods connected to each other by crosspieces, said beams being arranged parallel to each other at regular intervals over the entire length. of the panel, in that the covering panel is based on perlite, and in that the first and second trellis are metallic.
  • each lattice beam comprises three mutually parallel rods connected to each other by crosspieces in a triangular prismatic configuration.
  • the cores consisting of a metal mesh bearing structure wrapped in plastic foam are separated from each other by any insulating material.
  • edges of the panel are provided with a mortise and tenon joint.
  • a composite insulation panel according to the invention is entirely made of insulating material.
  • This panel is designated as a whole by the reference notation 1 and comprises a core of reinforced plastic foam 2, provided on each side with a rigid insulation panel 3, 4 produced on the basis of expanded perlite.
  • Perlite is a vulcanic rock which is first ground and then expanded at about 900 ° C to about twenty times the original volume. Perlite is non-flammable. It has a very high dimensional stability and offers, in flat form, a great resistance to pressure and a great punctual hardness. The structure does not change over time.
  • the insulation produced on the basis of expanded perfite is composed of at least 5% of expanded perlite, organic and / or inorganic fibers, also organic and / or inorganic binders.
  • the expanded perlite granules are preferably mixed with cellulose fibers and a binder.
  • the components can be mixed in an aqueous medium and poured to the desired thickness on a perforated net, which moves at a constant speed. By pressing to the desired thickness and vacuum suction through the net, most of the moisture is removed. Then the panel is dried completely in an oven.
  • the high content of perlite ensures high thermal insulation as well as excellent flame retardant properties.
  • Synthetic foam has a low specific weight and offers good thermal resistance. This applies in particular to a polyurethane foam.
  • Rigid plastic foam construction panels have found many applications.
  • synthetic foam panels have certain drawbacks when used in construction, especially in their behavior in the event of fire, thermal constancy, dimensional stability and technical characteristics.
  • the combination of a core of plastic foam covered with at least one insulation panel produced on the basis of expanded perlite has the advantages of plastic foam like that of perlite and minimizes the disadvantages of each of the two products.
  • an armament 5 is preferred in the core of plastic foam.
  • the armament 5 which aims to provide greater resistance to the building panel, consists of a metal reinforcement.
  • the two reinforcements are combined in a prefabricated truss beam 11 which is mounted between two metal trusses 8 and 10.
  • the armament is constructed in such a way that the tensile force and the bending force are entirely taken up by the steel, while the pressure is only partially taken up by the steel.
  • a closed cavity is formed using two perlite panels 3, 4, which are kept distant from each other.
  • trellis 8 placed on the lower panel 3, a metal trellis 8 and various trellis beams 11.
  • These trellis beams 11 consist of longitudinal rods 7 which are interconnected by crosspieces 12.
  • a layer of hard polyurethane foam or another organic foam is formed directly between the two parallel panels of perlite 3, 4 with a thickness of 15 to 20 mm for example.
  • the component materials have high mechanical rigidity. It is obtained by using high density perlite panels, for example greater than 17 5 kg / m 3 .
  • Plastic foam is for example a hard foam based on polyurethane. It has for example a density greater than 35 kg / m 3 and is of the direct foaming type.
  • the type of weapon can be changed according to the requirements.
  • the reinforcement gives the highest mechanical resistance and is made of metal, for example truss beams located a short distance from each other.
  • a treatment is preferably provided to protect the reinforcement from corrosion.
  • the speed of production can be increased, inter alia, by putting in place a first roof covering on the perlite panel and under it a vapor protective screen constituted for example by a sheet aluminum.
  • edges of the panels can be fitted with a mortise and tenon joint so as to allow perfectly sealed placement.
  • this mortise and tenon joint can still be better sealed. by a waterproof adhesive strip possibly made of aluminum, so that the diffusion of water vapor along the joints is slowed down.
  • the dimensional stability of the perlite panel allows the traditional waterproofing system to be stuck directly to slightly oblique flat roofs.
  • the upper face of the panel is optionally provided with a bituminous layer, which ensures good adhesion of the first coating layer of the roof.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)

Description

La présente invention est relative à un panneau isolant auto-portant, réalisé en matière composite destiné à être utilisé comme élément de construction dans l'industrie du bâtiment et comprenant:

  • a) un panneau de revêtement;
  • b) une armature tridimensionnelle déposée sur le panneau de revêtement susdit et qui comporte:
    • (1) un premier treillis recouvrant une face du panneau de revêtement;
    • (2) une âme constituée d'une structure portante tridimensionnelle formée de mailles métalliques;
    • (3) un second treillis recouvrant la structure portante;
  • c) un noyau en mousse de plastique rigide injecté dans au moins une portion du panneau, de manière à envelopper l'armature et former un ensemble tridimensionnel rigide sans nécessiter le soudage de la structure portante aux treillis.
The present invention relates to a self-supporting insulating panel, made of composite material intended to be used as a construction element in the building industry and comprising:
  • a) a covering panel;
  • b) a three-dimensional frame deposited on the above-mentioned covering panel and which comprises:
    • (1) a first trellis covering one face of the covering panel;
    • (2) a core made up of a three-dimensional bearing structure formed of metallic meshes;
    • (3) a second trellis covering the supporting structure;
  • c) a core of rigid plastic foam injected into at least a portion of the panel, so as to wrap the reinforcement and form a rigid three-dimensional assembly without requiring the welding of the supporting structure to the trellis.

Elle trouve ses applications dans la construction de bâtiments industriels, de bâtiments utilitaires, de nouveaux logements ou maisons d'habitation, comme dans les travaux de rénovation.It finds its applications in the construction of industrial buildings, utility buildings, new dwellings or residential houses, as in renovation works.

Il est connu par le document DE-B-1 121 323 de réaliser un panneau isolant en matériau composite destiné à être utilisé comme élément de construction dans l'industrie du bâtiment.It is known from document DE-B-1 121 323 to produce an insulating panel of composite material intended to be used as a building element in the building industry.

Ce panneau isolant comprend:

  • a) un panneau formant une couche de revêtement,
  • b) une armature tridimensionnelle recouvrant une face du panneau, et
  • c) un noyau en mousse de plastique rigide, notamment de la mousse comprenant des groupes uréthanes, enveloppant l'armature.
This insulating panel includes:
  • a) a panel forming a covering layer,
  • b) a three-dimensional frame covering one face of the panel, and
  • c) a core of rigid plastic foam, in particular foam comprising urethane groups, enveloping the frame.

L'armature tridimensionnelle décrite dans le document DE-B-1 121 323 est cependant formée d'une trame plane plissée en accordéon ou en caissons.The three-dimensional frame described in document DE-B-1 121 323 is however formed from a flat frame pleated in accordion or in boxes.

Un treillis plan présentant des plis d'allure triangulaire ou droits n'offre dans le sens perpendiculaire aux plis aucune résistance à la flexion. Or, cette spécification est indispensable si l'on veut que le panneau puisse offrir une résistance suffisante aux contraintes latérales et/ou obliques, par exemple dans le cas d'un toit penché.A flat trellis with triangular or straight pleats offers no resistance to bending in the direction perpendicular to the pleats. However, this specification is essential if the panel is to be able to offer sufficient resistance to lateral and / or oblique stresses, for example in the case of a pitched roof.

L'emploi de semblables panneaux fait partie intégrante des techniques classiques de construction et d'isolation de toits plats et/ou inclinés.The use of such panels is an integral part of conventional construction and insulation techniques for flat and / or inclined roofs.

Selon une technique connue, on ajoute dans une première phase, une structure portante. Cette structure portante peut comporter un cadre- support composé d'une série de poutrelles métalliques, de poutres de béton ou de bois sur lesquelles sont fixées, par exemple, des tôles d'acier profilées, auto-portantes.According to a known technique, a supporting structure is added in a first phase. This supporting structure may include a support frame composed of a series of metal beams, concrete or wooden beams on which are fixed, for example, profiled steel sheets, self-supporting.

Elle concerne un panneau isolant auto-portant, réalisé en matière composite destiné à être utilisé comme élément de construction dans l'industrie du bâtiment et comprenant:

  • a) un panneau de revêtement;
  • b) une armature tridimensionnelle déposée sur le panneau de revêtement susdit et qui comporte:
    • (1) un premier treillis recouvrant une face du panneau de revêtement;
    • (2) une âme constituée d'une structure portante tridimensionnelle formée de mailles métalliques;
    • (3) un second treillis recouvrant la structure portante;
  • c) un noyau en mousse de plastique rigide injecté dans au moins une portion du panneau, de manière à envelopper l'armature et former un ensemble tridimensionnel rigide sans nécessiter le soudage de la structure portante aux treillis.
It relates to a self-supporting insulating panel, made of composite material intended to be used as a building element in the building industry and comprising:
  • a) a covering panel;
  • b) a three-dimensional frame deposited on the above-mentioned covering panel and which comprises:
    • (1) a first trellis covering one face of the covering panel;
    • (2) a core made up of a three-dimensional bearing structure formed of metallic meshes;
    • (3) a second trellis covering the supporting structure;
  • c) a core of rigid plastic foam injected into at least a portion of the panel, so as to wrap the reinforcement and form a rigid three-dimensional assembly without requiring the welding of the supporting structure to the trellis.

Ce panneau est caractérisé en ce que l'âme est constituée d'une série de poutres à treillis tridi- mensionnells formées de tiges parallèles en acier reliées entre elles par des traverses, lesdites poutres étant disposées parallèlement entre elles a intervalles réguliers sur toute la longueur du panneau, en ce que le panneau de revêtement est à base de perlite, et en ce que les premier et second treillis sont métalliques.This panel is characterized in that the core consists of a series of three-dimensional lattice beams formed of parallel steel rods connected to each other by crosspieces, said beams being arranged parallel to each other at regular intervals over the entire length. of the panel, in that the covering panel is based on perlite, and in that the first and second trellis are metallic.

Selon une particularité de l'invention, chaque poutre-treillis comprend trois tiges parallèles entre elles reliées entre elles par des traverses selon une configuration prismatique triangulaire.According to a feature of the invention, each lattice beam comprises three mutually parallel rods connected to each other by crosspieces in a triangular prismatic configuration.

Dans une forme de réalisation particulière, les âmes constituées d'une structure portante à mailles métalliques enveloppée d'une mousse de plastique sont séparées entre elles par une matière isolante quelconque.In a particular embodiment, the cores consisting of a metal mesh bearing structure wrapped in plastic foam are separated from each other by any insulating material.

Pour assurer une bonne étanchéité, les bords du panneau sont pourvus d'une assemblage à tenon et mortaise.To ensure a good seal, the edges of the panel are provided with a mortise and tenon joint.

D'autres particularités et détails de l'invention apparaîtront au cours de la description détaillée suivante, faisant référence aux dessins ci-annexés, dans lesquels:

  • - la figure 1 est une vue partiellement éclatée en perspective d'une panneau d'isolation suivant l'invention;
  • - la figure 2 est une coupe transversale du panneau montré à la figure 1.
Other features and details of the invention will appear during the following detailed description, referring to the attached drawings, in which:
  • - Figure 1 is a partially exploded perspective view of an insulation panel according to the invention;
  • - Figure 2 is a cross section of the panel shown in Figure 1.

Dans ces dessine, les mêmes notations de référence désignant des éléments identiques ou ana- lougues.In these drawings, the same reference notations designating identical or similar elements.

Comme illustré aux figures 1 et 2, un panneau composite d'isolation selon l'invention est entièrement réalisé en matériau isolant. Ce panneau est désigné dans son ensemble par la notation de référence 1 et comprend une âme de mousse plastique armée 2, munie de chaque côté d'un panneau rigide d'isolation 3, 4 réalisé sur base de perlite expansée.As illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, a composite insulation panel according to the invention is entirely made of insulating material. This panel is designated as a whole by the reference notation 1 and comprises a core of reinforced plastic foam 2, provided on each side with a rigid insulation panel 3, 4 produced on the basis of expanded perlite.

La perlite est une roche vulcanique qui est d'abord broyée et ensuite expansée à environ 900°C jusqu'à environ vingt fois le volume initial. La perlite est ininflammable. Elle possède une très grande stabilité dimensionnelle et offre, sous forme plane, une grande résistance à la pression et une grande dureté ponctuelle. La structure ne s'altère pas au cours du temps.Perlite is a vulcanic rock which is first ground and then expanded at about 900 ° C to about twenty times the original volume. Perlite is non-flammable. It has a very high dimensional stability and offers, in flat form, a great resistance to pressure and a great punctual hardness. The structure does not change over time.

L'isolation réalisée sur base de perfite expansée est composée d'au moins 5 % de perlite expansée, de fibres organiques et/ou anorganiques également de liants organiques et/ou anorganiques. Les granulés de perlite expansée sont de préférence mélangées avec des fibres de cellulose et un liant. Les composants peuvent être mélangés dans un milieu aqueux et versé à l'épaisseur souhaitée sur un filet perforé, qui se déplace à une vitesse constante. Par pressage à l'épaisseur souhaitée et aspiration sous vide au travers du filet, on élimine la majeure partie de l'humidité. Ensuite, on sèche le panneau complètement dans un four.The insulation produced on the basis of expanded perfite is composed of at least 5% of expanded perlite, organic and / or inorganic fibers, also organic and / or inorganic binders. The expanded perlite granules are preferably mixed with cellulose fibers and a binder. The components can be mixed in an aqueous medium and poured to the desired thickness on a perforated net, which moves at a constant speed. By pressing to the desired thickness and vacuum suction through the net, most of the moisture is removed. Then the panel is dried completely in an oven.

La grande teneur de perlite assure une isolation thermique élevée comme d'excellentes propriétés ignifuges.The high content of perlite ensures high thermal insulation as well as excellent flame retardant properties.

Une mousse synthétique possède un poids spécifique faible et offre une bonne résistance thermique. Cela vaut en particulier pour une mousse de polyuréthane.Synthetic foam has a low specific weight and offers good thermal resistance. This applies in particular to a polyurethane foam.

Des panneaux de construction en mousse plastique rigide ont trouvé de nombreuses applications. Néanmoins les panneaux de mousse synthétique présentent lors de leur mise en oeuvre dans la construction, certains inconvénients, surtout dans leur comportement en cas d'incendie, constance thermique, stabilité dimensionnelle et caractéristiques techniques.Rigid plastic foam construction panels have found many applications. However, synthetic foam panels have certain drawbacks when used in construction, especially in their behavior in the event of fire, thermal constancy, dimensional stability and technical characteristics.

La combinaison d'une âme de mousse plastique recouverte d'au moins un panneau d'isolation réalisé sur base de perlite expansée possède les avantages de la mousse plastique comme celle de la perlite et minimalise les désavantages de chacun des deux produits.The combination of a core of plastic foam covered with at least one insulation panel produced on the basis of expanded perlite has the advantages of plastic foam like that of perlite and minimizes the disadvantages of each of the two products.

Pour accroître la portance du panneau d'isolation, on préfère un armement 5 dans l'âme de mousse plastique.To increase the bearing capacity of the insulation panel, an armament 5 is preferred in the core of plastic foam.

L'armement 5, qui a pour but d'accorder une plus grande résistance au panneau de construction, est constitué d'un renforcement en métal.The armament 5, which aims to provide greater resistance to the building panel, consists of a metal reinforcement.

L'armement comprend deux parties:

  • 1. un renforcement inférieur 6 composé d'une série de tiges parallèles longitudinales 7 en acier qui sont posées sur un treillis métallique 8 d'armement en acier et reliées entre elles;
  • 2. un renforcement supérieur 9 constitué également d'une série de tiges longitudinales parallèles acier et un treillis 10.
The armament has two parts:
  • 1. a lower reinforcement 6 composed of a series of parallel longitudinal rods 7 of steel which are placed on a metallic truss 8 of steel armament and connected to each other;
  • 2. an upper reinforcement 9 also consisting of a series of parallel longitudinal steel rods and a trellis 10.

Les deux renforcements sont combinés dans une poutre à treillis préfabriquée 11 qui est montée entre deux treillis métalliques 8 et 10.The two reinforcements are combined in a prefabricated truss beam 11 which is mounted between two metal trusses 8 and 10.

L'armement est construit de telle façon que l'effort de traction et l'effort de flexion sont entièrement repris par l'acier, tandis que la pression n'est que partiellement reprise par l'acier.The armament is constructed in such a way that the tensile force and the bending force are entirely taken up by the steel, while the pressure is only partially taken up by the steel.

Pour réaliser le panneau, on forme, à l'aide de deux panneaux de perlite 3, 4, qui sont tenus éloignés l'un de l'autre, une cavité fermée.To make the panel, a closed cavity is formed using two perlite panels 3, 4, which are kept distant from each other.

On place ensuite sur le panneau inférieur 3, un treillis métallique 8 et diverses poutres à treillis 11. Ces poutres à treillis 11 sont constituées de tiges longitudinales 7 qui sont reliées entre elles par des traverses 12.Then placed on the lower panel 3, a metal trellis 8 and various trellis beams 11. These trellis beams 11 consist of longitudinal rods 7 which are interconnected by crosspieces 12.

Ces poutres à treillis 11 sont placées parallèlement à des distances régulières. On place pardessus un second treillis métallique 10 au-desus duquel on dépose finalement le second panneau d'isolation 4. On monte enfin des parois latérales pour former une cavité fermée.These truss beams 11 are placed parallel to regular distances. A second metal mesh 10 is placed over it, above which the second insulation panel 4 is finally deposited. Finally, side walls are mounted to form a closed cavity.

Une couche de mousse polyuréthane dure ou d'une autre mousse organique est mise en-forme directement entre les deux panneaux parallèles de perlite 3, 4 d'une épaisseur de 15 à 20 mm par exemple.A layer of hard polyurethane foam or another organic foam is formed directly between the two parallel panels of perlite 3, 4 with a thickness of 15 to 20 mm for example.

Si une portance exceptionnelle de l'élément d'isolation est requis, il est recommandé que les matériaux composants aient une grande rigidité mécanique. On l'obtient en utilisant des panneux de perlite à haute densité, par exemple supérieure à 175 kg/m 3 . If exceptional bearing capacity of the insulation element is required, it is recommended that the component materials have high mechanical rigidity. It is obtained by using high density perlite panels, for example greater than 17 5 kg / m 3 .

La mousse plastique est par exemple une mousse dure sur base de polyuréthane. Elle a par exemple une densité supérieure à 35 kg/m3 et est du type moussage direct.Plastic foam is for example a hard foam based on polyurethane. It has for example a density greater than 35 kg / m 3 and is of the direct foaming type.

Le genre d'armement peut être modifié selon les exigences requises. L'armature donne la résistance mécanique la plus élevée et est constituée de métal, par exemple de poutres à treillis se trouvant à courte distance l'une de l'autre. On prévoit de préférence un traitement pour protéger l'armature de la corrosion.The type of weapon can be changed according to the requirements. The reinforcement gives the highest mechanical resistance and is made of metal, for example truss beams located a short distance from each other. A treatment is preferably provided to protect the reinforcement from corrosion.

Par l'emploi de matériau pour panneau d'isolation sur base de perlite expansée, on obtient, par une densité plus élevée et l'édification d'une armature plus solide, malgré tout encore de très bonnes propriétés d'isolation thermiques et on peut réaliser des surtensions extraordinaires.By the use of material for insulation panel on the basis of expanded perlite, one obtains, by a higher density and the construction of a more solid reinforcement, in spite of all still very good thermal insulation properties and one can realize extraordinary overvoltages.

Dans tous les cas décrits ci-dessus, on peut augmenter la vitesse de réalisation, entre autres, en mettant en place un premier recouvrement de toit sur le panneau de perlite et sous celui-ci un écran protecteur de vapeur constitué par exemple par une feuille d'aluminium.In all the cases described above, the speed of production can be increased, inter alia, by putting in place a first roof covering on the perlite panel and under it a vapor protective screen constituted for example by a sheet aluminum.

Le faible poids combiné à de réelles possibilités de préfabrication garantit un placement rapide et bon marché.The low weight combined with real prefabrication possibilities guarantees quick and inexpensive placement.

La combinaison de panneaux base de perlite expansée et de mousse plastique armée, accorde des propriétés thermiques et de résistance mécaniques extraordinaires à l'élément auto-porteur.The combination of expanded perlite base panels and reinforced plastic foam gives extraordinary thermal and mechanical resistance properties to the self-supporting element.

Les rebords des panneaux peuvent être munis d'un assemblage à tenon et mortaise de manière à permettre un placement parfaitement étanche.The edges of the panels can be fitted with a mortise and tenon joint so as to allow perfectly sealed placement.

Dans des milieux humides, cet assemblage à tenon et mortaise peut encore être mieux obturé par une bande adhésive étanche réalisée éventuellement en aluminium, de sorte que la diffusion de vapeur d'eau le long des joints est freinée.In damp environments, this mortise and tenon joint can still be better sealed. by a waterproof adhesive strip possibly made of aluminum, so that the diffusion of water vapor along the joints is slowed down.

La stabilité dimensionnelle du panneau de perlite permet d'y coller directement le système d'étanchéité traditionnel sur toits plats légèrement obliques.The dimensional stability of the perlite panel allows the traditional waterproofing system to be stuck directly to slightly oblique flat roofs.

La face supérieure du panneau est éventuellement pourvue d'une couche bitumeuse, laquelle assure une bonne adhésion de la première couche de revêtement du toit.The upper face of the panel is optionally provided with a bituminous layer, which ensures good adhesion of the first coating layer of the roof.

Claims (2)

1. Self-supporting insulating panel (1) made of composite material intended to be used as a construction element in the building industry and comprising:
a) a facing board (3);
b) a three-dimensional reinforcement (5) placed on the above-mentioned facing board and comprising:
1) a first grid (8) covering one side of the facing board;
2) a core consisting of a three-dimensional load bearing structure (11) formed of metal mesh;
3) a second grid (10) covering the load bearing structure (11);
c) a central core (2) of rigid plastics foam injected into at least one part of the panel (1) so as to encase the reinforcement (5) and form a rigid three-edimensional structure without the need to weld the load bearing structure (11) to the grids (8, 10),
characterised in that the core consists of a series of three-dimensional grid girders (11) formed by parallel steel rods (7) connected to one another by cross-pieces (12), said girders being arranged parallel to one another at regular intervals over the entire length-of the panel, and in that the facing board is based on perlite and in that the first and second grids are made of metal.
2. Panel according to claim 1, characterised in that each grid girder (11) comprises three rods (7) parallel to one another and interconnected by cross-pieces (12) in a triangular prismatic configuration.
EP85870023A 1984-02-15 1985-02-08 Insulating panel of a composite material Expired EP0153291B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
BE0/212390A BE898912A (en) 1984-02-15 1984-02-15 Roofing panel having e.g. polyurethane foam - contg. reinforcing structure and sandwiched between thin expanded perlite-based plate
BE212390 1984-02-15

Publications (2)

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EP0153291A1 EP0153291A1 (en) 1985-08-28
EP0153291B1 true EP0153291B1 (en) 1989-12-06

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EP (1) EP0153291B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3574608D1 (en)
ES (1) ES8603007A1 (en)

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Also Published As

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EP0153291A1 (en) 1985-08-28
US4572857A (en) 1986-02-25
ES540406A0 (en) 1985-12-01
DE3574608D1 (en) 1990-01-11
ES8603007A1 (en) 1985-12-01

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