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EP1201775B1 - Procédé de fabrication de corps cylindriques creux et leur utilisation - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de corps cylindriques creux et leur utilisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1201775B1
EP1201775B1 EP01890291A EP01890291A EP1201775B1 EP 1201775 B1 EP1201775 B1 EP 1201775B1 EP 01890291 A EP01890291 A EP 01890291A EP 01890291 A EP01890291 A EP 01890291A EP 1201775 B1 EP1201775 B1 EP 1201775B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hollow bodies
nitrogen
block
carbon
corrosion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01890291A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1201775A1 (fr
Inventor
Reinhold Schneider
Gerhard Lichtenegger
Günter Schirninger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voestalpine Boehler Edelstahl GmbH
Original Assignee
Boehler Edelstahl GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Boehler Edelstahl GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Boehler Edelstahl GmbH and Co KG
Priority to AT01890291T priority Critical patent/ATE272127T1/de
Publication of EP1201775A1 publication Critical patent/EP1201775A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1201775B1 publication Critical patent/EP1201775B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/10—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies
    • C21D8/105—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies of ferrous alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49316—Impeller making
    • Y10T29/49336—Blade making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/49643—Rotary bearing
    • Y10T29/49679—Anti-friction bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/49689—Race making
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49636—Process for making bearing or component thereof
    • Y10T29/49709—Specific metallic composition
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
    • Y10T29/5199—Work on tubes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of cylindrical hollow bodies of circular cross-section using solid martensitic chromium steels, in particular high mechanical stress rings, at least parts of the near-surface cylinder surface zones. Furthermore, the invention comprises the use of extruded tubes of martensitic chromium steels.
  • Annular machine and tool components such as e.g. Circular cutting blade, Rolling rings and the like, can withstand large mechanical stresses be exposed to the near-surface cylindrical surface zones.
  • Each high Load capacity through surface pressure, high wear resistance, good toughness and high shear strength of the material are independent of direction in the Component required.
  • For special fields of application is beside the mechanical one Material properties also a corrosion resistance of the material of great Meaning, which property profile synergetic by alloying Measures can be achieved.
  • Tubes as a starting material for cylindrical hollow bodies or rings which on Cylindrical surfaces and / or at the adjacent edges in all directions are mechanically highly resilient, can be produced with different methods be the application of a particular manufacturing process of its Usability for the material, the required product properties and / or of whose profitability is dependent.
  • Highest material quality of high-alloyed rings or hollow bodies, created from Tubes can be achieved when a cast or semi-finished block through Forging or rolling with a reduction of the cross section through a All-round hot deformation substantially perpendicular to the axis thereof deformed while being stretched in the longitudinal direction to a round bar, after which by boring out the center or drilling, in particular a deep hole drilling, a pipe rod is formed and separated from this the rings.
  • Hot forming takes place an intensive kneading of the material or the alloy, so a material which is isotropic in terms of its properties can be produced.
  • DE-A-.19520833 discloses For example, a method in which essentially a continuous casting material from hypereutectoid Cr steel with high purity, fine carbide precipitates and high granularity is produced and that the insert length in the cast state and heated without heat treatment to forming temperature and a Pipe production plant, preferably supplied with a punch press, wherein during the hole process in the individual length to be reshaped a state of stress is built, the minimization of shear stress one has high negative mean voltage value.
  • Both the state of tension when punching to prevent the tearing of the material including the Setting of a certain microstructure state, as from DE-C-19734563 has become known, are important for the quality of the rolling bearing rings.
  • the known pipe manufacturing methods usually have a high cost-effectiveness on, however, have the common disadvantage that these are for high-alloy Tool steels, e.g. for corrosion-resistant martensitic chromium steels, not can be used.
  • Such steels have the corrosion resistance because of chromium contents of greater than 12 wt .-% and are optionally with Molybdenum alloyed.
  • To be desired in a thermal annealing of the alloy To achieve mechanical properties of the material, must also high carbon concentrations can be provided.
  • High-alloy, heat-treatable steels are usually found at forging temperature Material properties, which exclude a punching and tube rolling. Especially when creating and expanding the hole of Feed through mandrels or similar tools form due to high Tensile and shear stresses in the material, so that a production of Tubes with a desired quality can not be done.
  • the goal is achieved in a generic method in that in a remelting block is created at a first manufacturing stage and from this one Rohrluppe made and in a second stage finished this at Hot deformation temperature by extrusion with a degree of deformation of deformed at least 6 times to a tube and this if necessary is further processed, according to which in a third stage manufacturing from the tube hollow body be removed and after finishing this same one be subjected to thermal tempering treatment.
  • a remelt block can largely without segregation with respect to the Block length and over the cross section are created. Further, this block free from coarse and its quality reducing non-metallic process-related Inclusions and centric discontinuities and has a high Hot workability in all zones, effectively using large vertical components the solidification direction characterizes the crystallization.
  • the introduction of the axial bore in this is preferably done by cutting drilling.
  • the outer diameter of the Pipe dies can be replaced by a corresponding production of the block or by Forging and machining of the same must be created.
  • the further object of the invention is achieved by using pipes, which made of solid raw material of corrosion-resistant, martensitic Chrome steels by forming by extrusion one of a Remelting block created tube blank are manufactured, for the production of Hollow bodies with a circular cross-section with high mechanical stress at least parts of the near-surface cylindrical surface zones, in particular for Ball bearing rings and ring bodies of axle drives and ball screws.
  • Hollow bodies made by the above technology are not only unexpectedly high Material quality but it is also an extremely large economy achieved this generation, because the centric bore already in the tubular Starting material is present and both the processing time and chip chipping low are. It was quite surprising that pipes made of corrosion-resistant, martensitic chromium steels are produced by extrusion such that from this a highly economical production of hollow bodies, which is a special one Quality must be possible, is possible.
  • the DESU round bar was divided into four parts by normal sawing, on each of which drilling a hole with a diameter of 46 mm ⁇ took place.
  • the extruding of the tube blank occurred after heating Forging temperature to tubes with an outside diameter of 69 mm ⁇ and an inside diameter of 45 mm ⁇ , with 25.5 m usable pipe material was created with near-net-shape cross-section for the hollow body production.
  • the comparison steel bar (DIN material no. 1.4125) became one in the rolling mill Round rod with a diameter of 70 mm ⁇ rolled, from which 15 m usable round material resulted, which by deep hole drilling with a bore was machined with a diameter of 45 mm ⁇ .
  • Table 1 The material investigations of the nitrogen-containing martensitic steel gem. Table 1 gave a fine isotropic anneal texture with particular suitability for an extrusion, however, were in the comparison material gem. Table 1 in annealed state eutectic carbides present which the hot workability the steel and in particular ultimately in tempered state the Use characteristics of the part adversely affected.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé de fabrication de corps cylindriques creux de section transversale circulaire utilisant un produit de départ massif en acier chromé martensitique résistant à la corrosion, en particulier de bagues à forte sollicitation mécanique d'au moins des parties des zones cylindriques proches de la surface, dans lequel, lors d'une première étape de fabrication, un lingot refondu est élaboré et une ébauche de tube est fabriquée à partir de ce lingot refondu et, lors d'une deuxième étape de fabrication, cette ébauche de tube est déformée à chaud par filage avec un taux de déformation supérieur ou égal à 6 pour donner un corps tubulaire, celui-ci étant ensuite éventuellement soumis à des traitements complémentaires, après quoi, lors d'une troisième étape de fabrication, un corps creux est prélevé du tube et soumis, après usinage de finition, à un traitement thermique de trempe et revenu.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le lingot refondu est formé dans un acier martensitique résistant à la corrosion, contenant
    12 à 29 % en poids de chrome (Cr)
    0,02 à 5,9 % en poids de molybdène (Mo)
    0,05 à 0,8 % en poids de carbone (C)
    0,05 à 0,8 % en poids d'azote (N)
    et, pour le reste, du fer (Fe) et les impuretés usuelles,
    la somme (C+N) (carbone + azote) étant comprise entre 0,1 et 1,4 % en poids.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le lingot refondu est formé dans un acier contenant
    0,3 à 3,0 % en poids de manganèse (Mn)
    12,1 à 28,0 % en poids de chrome (Cr)
    0,25 à 5,8 % en poids de molybdène (Mo)
    0,01 à 3,0 % en poids de nickel (Ni)
    0,05 à 2,0 % en poids de vanadium (V)
    0,15 à 0,7 % en poids de carbone (C)
    0,15 à 0,7 % en poids d'azote (N)
    et, pour le reste, du fer (Fe) et les impuretés usuelles,
    la somme (C+N) (carbone + azote) étant comprise entre 0,31 et 1,1 % en poids.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le lingot refondu est élaboré par refusion sous laitier électroconducteur sous pression élevée (PESR).
  5. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'ébauche de tube est obtenue par usinage avec enlèvement de copeaux d'un perçage central dans un produit de départ massif.
  6. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le tube est soumis à une déformation supplémentaire lors de la seconde étape de fabrication.
  7. Utilisation de tubes fabriqués à partir d'un produit de départ massif en acier chromé martensitique résistant à la corrosion par déformation par filage d'une ébauche de tube obtenue à partir d'un lingot refondu, pour fabriquer des corps creux soumis à un traitement thermique de trempe et revenu, de section transversale circulaire et à forte sollicitation mécanique d'au moins des parties des zones cylindriques proches de la surface, à savoir des composants de paliers à roulement, des corps annulaires pour butée axiale et vis à billes.
  8. Utilisation de corps creux selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que l'acier martensitique résistant à la corrosion consiste en un alliage contenant
    12 à 24 % en poids de chrome (Cr)
    0,02 à 5,9 % en poids de molybdène (Mo)
    0,05 à 0,8 % en poids de carbone (C))
    0,05 à 0,8 % en poids d'azote (N)
    0,1 à 1,4 % en poids de carbone + azote (C+N) éventuellement
    0,3 à 3,0 % en poids de manganèse (Mn)
    0,01 à 3,0 % en poids de nickel (Ni)
    0,05 à 2,0 % en poids de vanadium (V)
    et, pour le reste, du fer (Fe) et les impuretés usuelles.
  9. Utilisation de corps creux selon la revendication 7 ou la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que ces tubes sont fabriqués par filage à chaud d'une ébauche de tube qui présente un perçage obtenu par usinage avec enlèvement de copeaux.
  10. Utilisation de corps creux selon les revendications 7 à 9, caractérisée en ce que ces tubes sont dimensionnés et/ou calibrés par un traitement de façonnage supplémentaire ou ultérieur.
EP01890291A 2000-10-24 2001-10-10 Procédé de fabrication de corps cylindriques creux et leur utilisation Expired - Lifetime EP1201775B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT01890291T ATE272127T1 (de) 2000-10-24 2001-10-10 Verfahren zur herstellung zylindrischer hohlkörper und verwendung derselben

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT18222000 2000-10-24
AT0182200A AT413195B (de) 2000-10-24 2000-10-24 Verfahren zur herstellung zylindrischer hohlkörper und verwendung derselben

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1201775A1 EP1201775A1 (fr) 2002-05-02
EP1201775B1 true EP1201775B1 (fr) 2004-07-28

Family

ID=3689047

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01890291A Expired - Lifetime EP1201775B1 (fr) 2000-10-24 2001-10-10 Procédé de fabrication de corps cylindriques creux et leur utilisation

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US7181847B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1201775B1 (fr)
AT (2) AT413195B (fr)
CA (1) CA2359294C (fr)
DE (1) DE50102983D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2225463T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108213875A (zh) * 2018-01-15 2018-06-29 椿中岛机械(太仓)有限公司 高精度轴承钢球的制备方法

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AT501794B1 (de) * 2005-04-26 2008-06-15 Boehler Edelstahl Kunststoffform
DE102011109071A1 (de) * 2011-07-30 2013-01-31 Sms Meer Gmbh Rohrschmiedeverfahren mit urgeformten Hohlblock
WO2013085969A1 (fr) * 2011-12-06 2013-06-13 Trane International Inc. Paliers à roulements pour refroidisseur de liquide sans huile
CN104956104B (zh) 2013-01-25 2021-03-16 特灵国际有限公司 用于制冷剂润滑的压缩机的压力渗氮不锈钢混合轴承
DE102020131031A1 (de) 2020-11-24 2022-05-25 Otto-Von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg Martensitische Stahllegierung mit optimierter Härte und Korrosionsbeständigkeit

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108213875A (zh) * 2018-01-15 2018-06-29 椿中岛机械(太仓)有限公司 高精度轴承钢球的制备方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT413195B (de) 2005-12-15
CA2359294C (fr) 2008-07-08
ES2225463T3 (es) 2005-03-16
ATE272127T1 (de) 2004-08-15
EP1201775A1 (fr) 2002-05-02
CA2359294A1 (fr) 2002-04-24
US7181847B2 (en) 2007-02-27
US20020104213A1 (en) 2002-08-08
DE50102983D1 (de) 2004-09-02
ATA18222000A (de) 2005-05-15

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