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EP1165907B1 - Internal vibrator with a measuring system - Google Patents

Internal vibrator with a measuring system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1165907B1
EP1165907B1 EP00910811A EP00910811A EP1165907B1 EP 1165907 B1 EP1165907 B1 EP 1165907B1 EP 00910811 A EP00910811 A EP 00910811A EP 00910811 A EP00910811 A EP 00910811A EP 1165907 B1 EP1165907 B1 EP 1165907B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
vibrating
measuring device
unit
internal
circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00910811A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1165907A1 (en
Inventor
Günter KUNZE
Georg Sick
Stefan Graul
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wacker Construction Equipment AG
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Wacker Construction Equipment AG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1165907A1 publication Critical patent/EP1165907A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
    • E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
    • E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
    • E04G21/06—Solidifying concrete, e.g. by application of vacuum before hardening
    • E04G21/08—Internal vibrators, e.g. needle vibrators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/10—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy
    • B06B1/16—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy operating with systems involving rotary unbalanced masses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/08—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting
    • B28B1/093—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting by means directly acting on the material, e.g. by cores wholly or partly immersed in the material or elements acting on the upper surface of the material
    • B28B1/0935—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by vibrating or jolting by means directly acting on the material, e.g. by cores wholly or partly immersed in the material or elements acting on the upper surface of the material using only elements wholly or partly immersed in the material, e.g. cores

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mecanical a tationary a tationary a tationary a tationary a tationary a tationary a tationary a tationary a
  • vibrators such as B. hose or Stabrüttlem. compacted.
  • Such vibrators are internal vibrators, in which one inside the Fresh concrete immersed vibrator bottle an imbalance over an electric motor is driven, causing vibrations that affect the concrete compacted.
  • the building material concrete varied and stringent quality controls
  • the professional compacting of the concrete is significant depending on the individual skills of the operator of the internal vibrator. He alone determines if an optimal and even compaction result is obtained. But because the individual capabilities of different operators naturally can be very different, can also the compression quality significantly, which in some cases is insufficient Compaction result and thus insufficient concrete strength leads.
  • Decisive variables are the m r value the imbalance (mass - radius), the acceleration of the imbalance and the vibrating cylinder receiving the drive motor, the frequency recorded electrical power, the path amplitude and the energy of the individual Shock.
  • DE-OS-39 01 893 is a réellerüttelvortechnisch with a vibrating unit and a circuit unit separated by a flexible connection, in which a measuring device for detecting the rotational speed of a Vibration generating device driving electric motor provided is.
  • the measuring device is part of a speed control device, with the rotational speed of the electric motor can be controlled in such a way. that it follows a preset value.
  • DE-A-2 162 201 an internal vibrator is described in which an imbalance mass driving electric motor equipped with a motor protection switch is. by a arranged on the motor windings temperature sensor is triggerable.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a mecanical a tationary a tationary a tationary a tationary a tationary a tationary a tationary a tationary a tationary a tationary a tationary a tationary a tationary a tationary a tationary a tationary a tationary a tationary a tationary a tationary a g., a schittelvorrauma which gives the operator information. which allows him to be independent from his individual skills the quality of his condensing work assess.
  • the inner vibrator according to the invention according to claim 1 has a Measuring device for detecting at least one operating parameter of Internal jar device, wherein the operating parameter is a parameter from the Group movement of the vibrating unit. Vibration amplitude of the vibrating unit, Oscillation frequency of the vibrating unit. Speed of the electric motor, electric Excitation frequency of the electric motor and winding temperature of a Stators of the electric motor is Furthermore, an evaluation circuit is provided. by the due to the readings and thus due to a change of the operating parameter, a signal can be generated that corresponds to a change in the compression state of the material.
  • the measured values supplied by the measuring device are evaluated by the evaluation circuit evaluated, with evaluation algorithms available for this purpose stand, so that due to a change in the operating parameter. Conclusions on a change in the compression state of the compacted Materials can be pulled.
  • the compaction effect depends on numerous sizes but only a few of them are measurable.
  • the acceleration of the Usually realized in the form of a vibrating bottle vibrating unit in Fresh concrete belong to the electric motor received by the drive motor Power and its speed as well as non-variable quantities such as the m ⁇ r value and the vibrator bottle mass.
  • the defined operating parameters overlap partially. For example, from the vibration amplitute and the vibration frequency of the vibrating unit on the movement, in particular the acceleration of the Rüttelmaschine be closed.
  • the power consumption the electric motor is essentially - assuming a constant Voltage - determined by the flowing current.
  • the measuring device is advantageously fed by the evaluation circuit.
  • a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized characterized in that the measuring device at least one in the Rüttelmaschine having provided movement measuring device.
  • the Motion measuring device preferably an accelerometer
  • the movement of the vibrating unit can be detected directly. from which conclusions can be drawn on the compaction effect.
  • the acceleration of the vibrating unit is measured. can about integrations also determines the speed and the movement path of the vibrating bottle become.
  • the evaluation circuit is in the of the Wuttelussi provided separate circuit unit, feeds the motion measuring device and evaluates their signals. Since the circuit unit with the Wuttelussi is connected only elastically, damaging influences on the Electronics of the evaluation by the generated in the vibrating unit Vibration avoided.
  • the circuit unit is together with a power switch and a frequency converter combined in a switch housing.
  • a power switch and a frequency converter combined in a switch housing.
  • the Frequency converter is used.
  • the mains frequency in one for the drive motor in the vibrator bottle required to convert higher frequency.
  • two accelerometers are provided in the vibrating unit. their measuring directions to each other and to a longitudinal axis of the vibrating unit stand vertically. can the course of vibrations in all directions detected perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.
  • the measuring device additionally a power measuring device coupled to the evaluation circuit for determining the of the vibration generating device, d. H. from Drive motor, recorded electrical power.
  • the power measurement can for example by measuring the recorded by the electric motor Electricity. It also gives conclusions about the compaction result to.
  • the accelerometer in the vibrating unit can the measured values of the cupboardmesseinrichung and the accelerometer together of appropriate algorithms are processed. This additionally clarifies the measurement result.
  • the evaluation circuit can via an optical and / or acoustic Display a signal to be given to the operator when his compaction work achieved a result in an optimal range. Conversely, at Failure to achieve the required compaction will be given a warning signal. Upon detection of measurement results outside a specified range The internal vibrating device can also automatically into a safe Stand-by state or otherwise disabled.
  • FIG. 1 shows a so-called hose vibrator called internal vibrator.
  • handstock vibrators or Stabrüttler are known which are usually equipped with a handle for operation and a considerable have shorter length.
  • the hose vibrator has a vibrating bottle held by a protective hose 1 2 on.
  • a protective hose 1 2 At the other end of the sometimes a length of several meters having protective tube 1 is a serving as a circuit unit Switch housing 3 is provided, from which in turn a network cable 4 goes off.
  • the internal vibrator is operated by the operator on the operating and protective hose 1 held.
  • a handle provided in which the switch housing 3 integrated can be.
  • Frequency converter arranged, which supplied via the power cord 4 electrical mains frequency converts to a higher frequency value, which is for the Operation of the electric motor is required.
  • the usual values are 200 Hertz.
  • the vibrating bottle 2 Serving as movement measuring devices acceleration sensor 6 so arranged that their measuring directions 7 perpendicular to a longitudinal axis. 8 the vibrating bottle 2 stand.
  • the two measuring directions 7 are also available perpendicular to each other, so that by the accelerometer. 6 Vibrations in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 8 are detected can.
  • the accelerometers 6 are miniaturized Components, as z. B. from vehicle technology in airbag controls or vehicle stabilization systems are known. This builds the Accelerometer 6 very small, so that the vibrating bottle 2 through the Recording the accelerometer 6 not fundamentally redesigned must become.
  • an evaluation circuit not shown, is housed. which is in communication with the accelerometers 6 and thus not only feeding them with electrical energy, but also those of recorded and evaluated signals emitted by the accelerometers.
  • Evaluation algorithms are stored in the evaluation circuit, with the help of which evaluated the delivered by the accelerometers 6 measurement results can be.
  • a memory may also be provided for this purpose be in which certain maps or algorithms are stored.
  • the evaluation algorithms and maps, the expert can determine by preliminary tests, in which, depending on the compression result, the corresponding Sizes are related.
  • the evaluation circuit can be advantageously in the form of a neural Network or a fuzzy logic to the measurement signals in real time continue to process and allow a certain ability to learn for the device.
  • the evaluation also with classic Be constructed control and regulating blocks.
  • the evaluation can also directly in be accommodated in the vibrating bottle 2 or elsewhere, however the switch housing 3 has the advantage of being largely vibration-free, which benefits the electronic components.
  • the Switch housing 3 accommodated power measuring device are provided, that of the vibration generating device, d. H. the electric motor. recorded electrical power, which is also an influence criterion on the compaction effect of the vibrator.
  • the performance measuring device is connected to the evaluation circuit, wherein the measurement signals be processed by suitable algorithms.
  • the evaluation circuit determines that the measured quantities in one lie on a particular area or take a certain course, what is on it indicates that the compaction result is optimal at this time they provide via a display 9 an optical signal to the operator.
  • the display 9 can be realized for example by a red and a green light, wherein in the case of insufficient compaction effect, the red light and after reaching the desired compaction success the green Light is lit.
  • Another display option is to control a light bar whose length or brightness each varies according to the compaction result.
  • numerous other possibilities are conceivable with which the result of the evaluation of the measured variables communicated or reused can be.
  • the internal vibrator usually is exposed to harsh site conditions, so that a certain Robustness in any case is desirable.
  • a speed measuring device for determining the rotational speed of the electric motor provided, which drives an imbalance in the vibrating bottle.
  • the change The speed values are processed by the evaluation circuit and called Criterion used for a compaction effect or a compression result. In this way, the current compression state or at least the maximum achievable relative concrete density signaled to the operator become.
  • the invention provides a sensitive internal vibrator, with which it is possible. Repercussions on the vibrator bottle, resulting from a change in the structure of the fresh concrete and thus due to the compaction activity arise to determine. This makes it possible to be independent of the operator from his professional knowledge and experience to provide information on Give a hand to the success of his work in compacting concrete Has. This can be an inadequate concrete quality due to inferior Compaction activity, e.g. B. by an untrained operator, largely avoid.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Innenrüttelvorrichtung gemäß dem Oberbegriff von Patentanspruch 1.The invention relates to a Innenrüttelvorrichtung according to the preamble of Claim 1.

Es ist bekannt, dass Frischbeton nach dem Einbringen in eine Schalung verdichtet werden muss, um ein bestimmtes Raumgewicht unter Vermeidung von Gasporen oder sogenannten "Kiesnestern" zu erreichen. Eine 10 % geringere Dichte des Betons hat bereits eine Halbierung der Druckfestigkeit zur Folge. Eine übermäßige Verdichtung des Betons jedoch kann zu einer Entmischung des Betons mit zonenweiser Anreicherung von Zementleim führen.It is known that fresh concrete compacted after introduction into a formwork must be to avoid a certain density of space Gas pores or so-called "gravel nests" to achieve. A 10% lower Density of the concrete already results in a halving of the compressive strength. Excessive compaction of the concrete, however, can lead to segregation of the concrete with zone-wise enrichment of cement paste.

Größere Betonschüttungen werden üblicherweise manuell unter Verwendung von Vibratoren bzw. Rüttlern, wie z. B. Schlauch- oder Stabrüttlem. verdichtet. Derartige Rüttler sind Innenrüttler, bei denen im Innern einer in den Frischbeton eintauchenden Rüttelflasche eine Unwucht über einen Elektromotor angetrieben wird, wodurch Schwingungen entstehen, die den Beton verdichten. Während der Baustoff Beton vielfältigen und strengen Qualitätskontrollen unterliegt, ist jedoch das fachgerechte Verdichten des Betons erheblich von den individuellen Fähigkeiten des Bedieners der Innenrüttler abhängig. Er allein bestimmt, ob ein optimales und gleichmäßiges Verdichtungsergebnis erhalten wird. Da aber die individuellen Fähigkeiten verschiedener Bediener naturgemäß sehr unterschiedlich sein können, kann auch die Verdichtungsqualität erheblich streuen, was in bestimmten Fällen zu einem ungenügenden Verdichtungsergebnis und damit zu nicht ausreichender Betonfestigkeit führt.Larger concrete beds are usually manually using of vibrators or vibrators, such. B. hose or Stabrüttlem. compacted. Such vibrators are internal vibrators, in which one inside the Fresh concrete immersed vibrator bottle an imbalance over an electric motor is driven, causing vibrations that affect the concrete compacted. While the building material concrete varied and stringent quality controls However, the professional compacting of the concrete is significant depending on the individual skills of the operator of the internal vibrator. He alone determines if an optimal and even compaction result is obtained. But because the individual capabilities of different operators naturally can be very different, can also the compression quality significantly, which in some cases is insufficient Compaction result and thus insufficient concrete strength leads.

In zahlreichen Studien wurde bereits die Vielfalt von Einflussfaktoren auf das Verdichtungsergebnis dargelegt. Entscheidende Größen sind dabei der m·r-Wert der Unwucht (Masse - Radius), die Beschleunigung der die Unwucht und den Antriebsmotor aufnehmenden Rüttelflasche, die Frequenz, die aufgenommene elektrische Leistung, die Wegamplitude und die Energie des einzelnen Stoßes.Numerous studies have already highlighted the diversity of factors influencing Compaction result set out. Decisive variables are the m r value the imbalance (mass - radius), the acceleration of the imbalance and the vibrating cylinder receiving the drive motor, the frequency recorded electrical power, the path amplitude and the energy of the individual Shock.

In der DE-OS-39 01 893 ist eine Innenrüttelvorrichtung mit einer Rütteleinheit und einer über eine elastische Verbindung getrennten Schaltungseinheit beschrieben, bei der eine Messeinrichtung zum Erfassen der Drehzahl eines eine Schwingungserzeugungseinrichtung antreibenden Elektromotors vorgesehen ist. Die Messeinrichtung ist Bestandteil einer Drehzahlregeleinrichtung, mit der die Drehgeschwindigkeit des Elektromotors derart gesteuert werden kann. dass sie einem voreingestellten Wert folgt.In DE-OS-39 01 893 is a Innenrüttelvorrichtung with a vibrating unit and a circuit unit separated by a flexible connection, in which a measuring device for detecting the rotational speed of a Vibration generating device driving electric motor provided is. The measuring device is part of a speed control device, with the rotational speed of the electric motor can be controlled in such a way. that it follows a preset value.

In der DE-A-2 162 201 wird ein Innenrüttler beschrieben, bei dem ein eine Unwuchtmasse antreibender Elektromotor mit einem Motorschutzschalter ausgestattet ist. der durch einen an den Motorwicklungen angeordneten Temperaturfühler auslösbar ist.In DE-A-2 162 201 an internal vibrator is described in which an imbalance mass driving electric motor equipped with a motor protection switch is. by a arranged on the motor windings temperature sensor is triggerable.

Aus der DE-A-195 42 868 ist eine im Herstellungsprozess von Betonformteilen eingesetzte Rüttlervorrichtung bekannt, bei der zwei jeweils mit einem Beschleunigungsaufnehmer ausgestattete Außenrüttler vorgesehen sind. Die durch die Außenrüttler auf einen Rütteltisch aufgebrachten Rüttelkräfte werden durch die Beschleunigungsaufnehmer erfasst und in Form von Messsignalen weiterverarbeitet. Anhand der Messwerte und abgespeicherter Vergleichswerte lässt sich eine Prognose über die zu erwartende Produktqualität der Formteile erstellen.From DE-A-195 42 868 is a in the manufacturing process of concrete moldings used Rüttlervorrichtung known, in which two each with an accelerometer equipped external vibrators are provided. The be vibrating forces applied by the external vibrators on a vibrating table detected by the accelerometer and in the form of measurement signals further processed. Based on the measured values and saved comparison values can be a forecast of the expected product quality of Create molded parts.

Aus der GB-A-1097651 ist ein Innenvibrator bekannt, bei dem die Leistungsaufnahme eines eine Unwuchtmasse antreibenden Elektromotors als Anzeichen für den Verdichtungsgrad des zu verdichtenden Betons angesehen wird.From GB-A-1097651 an internal vibrator is known in which the power consumption a an imbalance mass driving electric motor as an indication is considered for the degree of compaction of the concrete to be compacted.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Innenrüttelvorrichtung anzugeben, die dem Bediener eine Information gibt. die es ihm ermöglicht, unabhängig von seinen individuellen Fähigkeiten die Qualität seiner Verdichtungsarbeit einzuschätzen.The invention has for its object to provide a Innenrüttelvorrichtung which gives the operator information. which allows him to be independent from his individual skills the quality of his condensing work assess.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe durch eine Innenrüttelvorrichtung mit den Merkmalen von Patentanspruch 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterentwicklungen der Erfindung sind den abhängigen Ansprüchen zu entnehmen.According to the invention, the object is achieved by a Innenrüttelvorrichtung with the Characteristics of claim 1 solved. Advantageous developments of the The invention can be found in the dependent claims.

Die erfindungsgemäße Innenrüttelvorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1 weist eine Messeinrichtung zum Erfassen von wenigstens einem Betriebsparameter der Innenrüttelvorrichtung auf, wobei der Betriebsparameter ein Parameter aus der Gruppe Bewegung der Rütteleinheit. Schwingungsamplitude der Rütteleinheit, Schwingungsfrequenz der Rütteleinheit. Drehzahl des Elektromotors, elektrische Anregungsfrequenz des Elektromotors und Wicklungstemperatur eines Stators des Elektromotors ist Weiterhin ist eine Auswerteschaltung vorgesehen. durch die aufgrund der Messwerte und damit aufgrund einer Änderung des Betriebsparameters ein Signal erzeugbar ist, das einer Änderung des Verdichtungszustands des Materials entspricht.The inner vibrator according to the invention according to claim 1 has a Measuring device for detecting at least one operating parameter of Internal jar device, wherein the operating parameter is a parameter from the Group movement of the vibrating unit. Vibration amplitude of the vibrating unit, Oscillation frequency of the vibrating unit. Speed of the electric motor, electric Excitation frequency of the electric motor and winding temperature of a Stators of the electric motor is Furthermore, an evaluation circuit is provided. by the due to the readings and thus due to a change of the operating parameter, a signal can be generated that corresponds to a change in the compression state of the material.

Es hat sich herausgestellt, dass die genannten Betriebsparameter mit einer Dichteveränderung des Betons korrelieren. so dass aus einer Änderung der Betriebsparameter Rückschlüsse auf die Verdichtungswirkung des Innenrüttlers gezogen werden können.It has been found that the mentioned operating parameters with a Correlate density change of the concrete. so that out of a change in the operating parameters Conclusions about the compaction effect of the internal vibrator can be pulled.

Die von der Messeinrichtung gelieferten Messwerte werden durch die Auswerteschaltung ausgewertet, wobei zu diesem Zweck Auswertealgorithmen zur Verfügung stehen, so dass aufgrund einer Änderung des Betriebsparameters . Rückschlüsse auf eine Änderung des Verdichtungszustands des zu verdichtenden Materials gezogen werden können.The measured values supplied by the measuring device are evaluated by the evaluation circuit evaluated, with evaluation algorithms available for this purpose stand, so that due to a change in the operating parameter. Conclusions on a change in the compression state of the compacted Materials can be pulled.

Wie bereits dargelegt, hängt die Verdichtungswirkung von zahlreichen Größen ab, von denen jedoch nur einige messbar sind. Außer der Beschleunigung der üblicherweise in Form einer Rüttelflasche realisierten Rütteleinheit im Frischbeton gehören dazu die vom Antriebsmotor aufgenommene elektrische Leistung und seine Drehzahl sowie nicht veränderliche Größen wie der m · r-Wert und die Rüttelflaschenmasse. Die definierten Betriebsparameter überschneiden sich teilweise. So kann zum Beispiel aus der Schwingungsamplitute und der Schwingungsfrequenz der Rütteleinheit auf die Bewegung, insbesondere die Beschleunigung der Rütteleinheit geschlossen werden. Die Leistungsaufnahme des Elektromotors wird im Wesentlichen - unter Annahme einer konstanten Spannung - durch den fließenden Strom bestimmt.As already stated, the compaction effect depends on numerous sizes but only a few of them are measurable. Except the acceleration of the Usually realized in the form of a vibrating bottle vibrating unit in Fresh concrete belong to the electric motor received by the drive motor Power and its speed as well as non-variable quantities such as the m · r value and the vibrator bottle mass. The defined operating parameters overlap partially. For example, from the vibration amplitute and the vibration frequency of the vibrating unit on the movement, in particular the acceleration of the Rütteleinheit be closed. The power consumption the electric motor is essentially - assuming a constant Voltage - determined by the flowing current.

Die Messeinrichtung wird vorteilhafterweise durch die Auswerteschaltung gespeist.The measuring device is advantageously fed by the evaluation circuit.

Eine besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Messeinrichtung wenigstens eine in der Rütteleinheit vorgesehene Bewegungsmesseinrichtung aufweist. Durch die Aufnahme der Bewegungsmesseinrichtung, vorzugsweise eines Beschleunigungsaufnehmers, in die Rütteleinheit kann die Bewegung der Rütteleinheit direkt erfasst werden. woraus sich Rückschlüsse auf die Verdichtungswirkung ziehen lassen. Sofern die Beschleunigung der Rütteleinheit gemessen wird. kann über Integrationen auch die Geschwindigkeit sowie der Bewegungsweg der Rüttelflasche ermittelt werden.A particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention is characterized characterized in that the measuring device at least one in the Rütteleinheit having provided movement measuring device. By taking the Motion measuring device, preferably an accelerometer, in the vibrating unit, the movement of the vibrating unit can be detected directly. from which conclusions can be drawn on the compaction effect. Provided the acceleration of the vibrating unit is measured. can about integrations also determines the speed and the movement path of the vibrating bottle become.

Vorteilhafterweise ist die Auswerteschaltung in der von der Rütteleinheit getrennten Schaltungseinheit vorgesehen, speist die Bewegungsmesseinrichtung und wertet deren Signale aus. Da die Schaltungseinheit mit der Rütteleinheit lediglich elastisch verbunden ist, werden schädigende Einflüsse auf die Elektronik der Auswerteschaltung durch die in der Rütteleinheit erzeugten Schwingungen vermieden.Advantageously, the evaluation circuit is in the of the Rütteleinheit provided separate circuit unit, feeds the motion measuring device and evaluates their signals. Since the circuit unit with the Rütteleinheit is connected only elastically, damaging influences on the Electronics of the evaluation by the generated in the vibrating unit Vibration avoided.

Vorteilhafterweise ist die Schaltungseinheit zusammen mit einem Netzschalter und einem Frequenzumformer in einem Schaltergehäuse zusammengefaßt. Der Frequenzumformer dient dazu. die Netzfrequenz in eine für den Antriebsmotor in der Rüttelflasche erforderliche höhere Frequenz zu wandeln.Advantageously, the circuit unit is together with a power switch and a frequency converter combined in a switch housing. Of the Frequency converter is used. the mains frequency in one for the drive motor in the vibrator bottle required to convert higher frequency.

Wenn in der Rütteleinheit zwei Beschleunigungsaufnehmer vorgesehen sind. deren Messrichtungen zueinander und zu einer Längsachse der Rütteleinheit senkrecht stehen. kann der Verlauf von Schwingungen in sämtlichen Richtungen senkrecht zur Längsachse erfasst werden.If two accelerometers are provided in the vibrating unit. their measuring directions to each other and to a longitudinal axis of the vibrating unit stand vertically. can the course of vibrations in all directions detected perpendicular to the longitudinal axis.

Bei einer anderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung weist die Messeinrichtung zusätzlich eine mit der Auswerteschaltung gekoppelte Leistungsmesseinrichtung zum Ermitteln der von der Schwingungserzeugungseinrichtung, d. h. vom Antriebsmotor, aufgenommenen elektrischen Leistung auf. Die Leistungsmessung kann zum Beispiel durch Messung des von dem Elektromotor aufgenommenen Stroms erfolgen. Sie läßt ebenfalls Rückschlüsse auf das Verdichtungsergebnis zu.In another embodiment of the invention, the measuring device additionally a power measuring device coupled to the evaluation circuit for determining the of the vibration generating device, d. H. from Drive motor, recorded electrical power. The power measurement can for example by measuring the recorded by the electric motor Electricity. It also gives conclusions about the compaction result to.

Wenn darüber hinaus auch noch der Beschleunigungsaufnehmer in der Rütteleinheit vorgesehen ist. können die Messwerte der Leistungsmesseinrichung und die des Beschleunigungsaufnehmers zusammen von geeigneten Algorithmen verarbeitet werden. Dadurch wird das Messergebnis zusätzlich präzisiert. If in addition also the accelerometer in the vibrating unit is provided. can the measured values of the Leistungsmesseinrichung and the accelerometer together of appropriate algorithms are processed. This additionally clarifies the measurement result.

Durch die Auswerteschaltung kann über eine optische und/oder akustische Anzeige ein Signal an den Bediener gegeben werden, wenn seine Verdichtungsarbeit ein Ergebnis in einem optimalen Bereich erzielt hat. Umgekehrt kann bei Nichterreichen der erforderlichen Verdichtung ein Warnsignal abgegeben werden. Bei Feststellung von Messergebnissen außerhalb eines vorgegebenen Bereiches kann die Innenrüttelvorrichtung auch automatisch in einen sicheren Stand-By-Zustand gehen oder anderweitig inaktiviert werden.By the evaluation circuit can via an optical and / or acoustic Display a signal to be given to the operator when his compaction work achieved a result in an optimal range. Conversely, at Failure to achieve the required compaction will be given a warning signal. Upon detection of measurement results outside a specified range The internal vibrating device can also automatically into a safe Stand-by state or otherwise disabled.

Diese und weitere Vorteile und Merkmale der Erfindung werden nachfolgend unter Zuhilfenahme der einzigen Figur anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels erläutert. Die Figur zeigt einen auch als Schlauchrüttler bezeichneten Innenrüttler. Alternativ dazu sind auch Handstockrüttler oder Stabrüttler bekannt, die meist mit einem Handgriff zur Bedienung ausgestattet sind und eine erheblich kürzere Baulänge aufweisen.These and other advantages and features of the invention will become apparent below with the aid of the single figure using an exemplary embodiment explained. The figure shows a so-called hose vibrator called internal vibrator. Alternatively, also handstock vibrators or Stabrüttler are known which are usually equipped with a handle for operation and a considerable have shorter length.

Der Schlauchrüttler weist eine von einem Schutzschlauch 1 gehaltene Rüttelflasche 2 auf. Am anderen Ende des mitunter eine Länge von mehreren Metern aufweisenden Schutzschlauchs 1 ist ein als Schaltungseinheit dienendes Schaltergehäuse 3 vorgesehen, von dem wiederum ein Netzkabel 4 abgeht. The hose vibrator has a vibrating bottle held by a protective hose 1 2 on. At the other end of the sometimes a length of several meters having protective tube 1 is a serving as a circuit unit Switch housing 3 is provided, from which in turn a network cable 4 goes off.

Der Innenrüttler wird vom Bediener an dem Bedien- und Schutzschlauch 1 gehalten. Bei den bereits erwähnten Handstock- oder Stabrüttlern ist dagegen zur Bedienung ein Handgriff vorgesehen, in dem das Schaltergehäuse 3 integriert sein kann.The internal vibrator is operated by the operator on the operating and protective hose 1 held. In the already mentioned handstock or Stabrüttler is against it for operation, a handle provided in which the switch housing 3 integrated can be.

In der als Rütteleinheit dienenden Rüttelflasche 2 ist ein Elektromotor vorgesehen, der in an sich bekannter Weise eine ebenfalls in der Rüttelflasche 2 angeordnete Unwucht antreibt, wodurch die gewünschten Schwingungen der Rüttelflasche 2 entstehen.In the jar serving as a vibrating 2 an electric motor is provided, in a manner known per se also arranged in the vibrating bottle 2 Imbalance drives, causing the desired vibration of the vibrator 2 arise.

In dem Schaltergehäuse 3 ist außer einem Netzschalter 5 ein nicht dargestellter Frequenzumformer angeordnet, der die über das Netzkabel 4 zugeführte elektrische Netzfrequenz auf einen höheren Frequenzwert wandelt, der für den Betrieb des Elektromotors erforderlich ist. Üblich sind dabei Werte von 200 Hertz.In the switch housing 3 except a power switch 5 is a not shown Frequency converter arranged, which supplied via the power cord 4 electrical mains frequency converts to a higher frequency value, which is for the Operation of the electric motor is required. The usual values are 200 Hertz.

Da der vorstehende Schlauchrüttler im Wesentlichen bekannt ist. wird auf eine detailliertere Beschreibung verzichtet.Since the above hose vibrator is substantially known. will be on one more detailed description omitted.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Schlauchrüttler sind in der Rüttelflasche 2 zwei als Bewegungsmesseinrichtungen dienende Beschleunigungsaufnehmer 6 derart angeordnet, dass ihre Messrichtungen 7 senkrecht zu einer Längsachse 8 der Rüttelflasche 2 stehen. Zudem stehen auch die beiden Messrichtungen 7 senkrecht zueinander, so dass durch die Beschleunigungsaufnehmer 6 Schwingungen in einer Ebene senkrecht zu der Längsachse 8 erfasst werden können.In the hose vibrator according to the invention, two are in the vibrating bottle 2 Serving as movement measuring devices acceleration sensor 6 so arranged that their measuring directions 7 perpendicular to a longitudinal axis. 8 the vibrating bottle 2 stand. In addition, the two measuring directions 7 are also available perpendicular to each other, so that by the accelerometer. 6 Vibrations in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 8 are detected can.

Bei den Beschleunigungsaufnehmem 6 handelt es sich um miniaturisierte Bauelemente, wie sie z. B. aus der Fahrzeugtechnik bei Airbag-Steuerungen oder Fahrzeugstabilisierungssystemen bekannt sind. Dadurch bauen die Beschleunigungsaufnehmer 6 sehr klein, so dass die Rüttelflasche 2 durch die Aufnahme der Beschleunigungsaufnehmer 6 nicht grundsätzlich neu gestaltet werden muss.The accelerometers 6 are miniaturized Components, as z. B. from vehicle technology in airbag controls or vehicle stabilization systems are known. This builds the Accelerometer 6 very small, so that the vibrating bottle 2 through the Recording the accelerometer 6 not fundamentally redesigned must become.

Im Schaltergehäuse 3 ist eine nicht dargestellte Auswerteschaltung untergebracht. die mit den Beschleunigungsaufnehmern 6 in Verbindung steht und somit diese nicht nur mit elektrischer Energie speist, sondern auch die von den Beschleunigungsaufnehmern abgegebenen Signale erfasst und auswertet.In the switch housing 3, an evaluation circuit, not shown, is housed. which is in communication with the accelerometers 6 and thus not only feeding them with electrical energy, but also those of recorded and evaluated signals emitted by the accelerometers.

In der Auswerteschaltung sind Auswertealgorithmen abgelegt, mit deren Hilfe die von den Beschleunigungsaufnehmern 6 gelieferten Messergebnisse ausgewertet werden können. Zu diesem Zweck kann auch ein Speicher vorgesehen sein, in dem bestimmte Kennfelder oder Algorithmen gespeichert sind. Die Auswertealgorithmen und Kennfelder kann der Fachmann durch Vorversuche ermitteln, bei denen in Abhängigkeit von dem Verdichtungsergebnis die entsprechenden Größen in Relation gesetzt werden.Evaluation algorithms are stored in the evaluation circuit, with the help of which evaluated the delivered by the accelerometers 6 measurement results can be. A memory may also be provided for this purpose be in which certain maps or algorithms are stored. The evaluation algorithms and maps, the expert can determine by preliminary tests, in which, depending on the compression result, the corresponding Sizes are related.

Die Auswerteschaltung läßt sich vorteilhafterweise in Form eines neuronalen Netzwerks oder einer Fuzzy-Logik realisieren, um die Messsignale in Echtzeit weiterzuverarbeiten und eine gewisse Lernfähigkeit für das Gerät zu ermöglichen. Selbstverständlich kann die Auswerteelektronik auch mit klassischen Steuer- und Regelbausteinen aufgebaut sein.The evaluation circuit can be advantageously in the form of a neural Network or a fuzzy logic to the measurement signals in real time continue to process and allow a certain ability to learn for the device. Of course, the evaluation also with classic Be constructed control and regulating blocks.

Außer in dem Schaltergehäuse 3 kann die Auswerteschaltung auch direkt in der Rüttelflasche 2 oder an anderen Stellen untergebracht sein, wobei jedoch das Schaltergehäuse 3 den Vorteil hat, weitgehend schwingungsfrei zu sein, was den elektronischen Bauteilen zugute kommt.Except in the switch housing 3, the evaluation can also directly in be accommodated in the vibrating bottle 2 or elsewhere, however the switch housing 3 has the advantage of being largely vibration-free, which benefits the electronic components.

Zur Erhöhung der Messgenauigkeit kann eine vorteilhafterweise ebenfalls im Schaltergehäuse 3 untergebrachte Leistungsmesseinrichtung vorgesehen werden, die die von der Schwingungserzeugungseinrichtung, d. h. dem Elektromotor. aufgenommene elektrische Leistung ermittelt, die ebenfalls ein Einflusskriterium auf die Verdichtungswirkung des Rüttlers ist. Die Leistungsmesseinrichtung ist mit der Auswerteschaltung verbunden, wobei die Messsignale durch geeignete Algorithmen verarbeitet werden.To increase the accuracy of measurement can advantageously also in the Switch housing 3 accommodated power measuring device are provided, that of the vibration generating device, d. H. the electric motor. recorded electrical power, which is also an influence criterion on the compaction effect of the vibrator. The performance measuring device is connected to the evaluation circuit, wherein the measurement signals be processed by suitable algorithms.

Wenn die Auswerteschaltung feststellt, dass die gemessenen Größen in einem bestimmten Bereich liegen bzw. einen bestimmten Verlauf nehmen, was darauf hindeutet, dass das Verdichtungsresultat zu diesem Zeitpunkt optimal ist, gibt sie über eine Anzeige 9 ein optisches Signal an den Bediener. Die Anzeige 9 kann beispielsweise durch ein rotes und ein grünes Lämpchen realisiert sein, wobei im Falle einer nicht ausreichenden Verdichtungswirkung das rote Lämpchen und nach Erreichen des gewünschten Verdichtungserfolges das grüne Lämpchen zum Aufleuchten gebracht wird. Eine andere Anzeigemöglichkeit besteht darin, einen Leuchtbalken anzusteuern, dessen Länge oder Helligkeit je nach Verdichtungsergebnis variiert. Darüber hinaus ist es ebenfalls möglich, den Bediener akustisch über den jeweiligen Bearbeitungszustand zu informieren. Selbstverständlich sind zahlreiche weitere Möglichkeiten denkbar, mit denen das Ergebnis der Auswertung der Messgrößen mitgeteilt bzw. weiterverwendet werden kann. Jedoch ist zu beachten, dass der Innenrüttler üblicherweise harten Baustellenbedingungen ausgesetzt wird, so dass eine gewisse Robustheit in jedem Fall anzustreben ist.If the evaluation circuit determines that the measured quantities in one lie on a particular area or take a certain course, what is on it indicates that the compaction result is optimal at this time they provide via a display 9 an optical signal to the operator. The display 9 can be realized for example by a red and a green light, wherein in the case of insufficient compaction effect, the red light and after reaching the desired compaction success the green Light is lit. Another display option is to control a light bar whose length or brightness each varies according to the compaction result. In addition, it is also possible to inform the operator acoustically about the respective processing status. Of course, numerous other possibilities are conceivable with which the result of the evaluation of the measured variables communicated or reused can be. However, it should be noted that the internal vibrator usually is exposed to harsh site conditions, so that a certain Robustness in any case is desirable.

Bei einer anderen, besonders vorteilhaften Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist statt einer Bewegungsmesseinrichtung oder einer Leistungsmesseinrichtung eine Drehzahlmesseinrichtung zum Bestimmen der Drehzahl des Elektromotors vorgesehen, der in der Rüttelflasche eine Unwucht drehend antreibt. Die Änderung der Drehzahlwerte wird von der Auswerteschaltung verarbeitet und als Kriterium für eine Verdichtungswirkung bzw. ein Verdichtungsergebnis herangezogen. Auf diese Weise kann der aktuelle Verdichtungszustand oder zumindest die maximal erreichbare relative Betondichte dem Bediener signalisiert werden.In another, particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention instead of a motion measuring device or a power measuring device a speed measuring device for determining the rotational speed of the electric motor provided, which drives an imbalance in the vibrating bottle. The change The speed values are processed by the evaluation circuit and called Criterion used for a compaction effect or a compression result. In this way, the current compression state or at least the maximum achievable relative concrete density signaled to the operator become.

Es hat sich bei Untersuchungen herausgestellt, dass sich beim Verdichten von Beton über die Zeit ein signifikanter Motordrehzahlverlauf einstellt. Die Motordrehzahl fällt nach dem Eintauchen der Rüttelflasche in den Frischbeton zunächst ab, steigt dann aber mit zunehmender Betondichte wieder an. Die Leistungsaufnahme des Motors verhält sich umgekehrt dazu. Die Auswertealgorithmen in der Auswerteschaltung können daher so ausgebildet sein. dass sie wenigstens zwei Parameter, nämlich die Drehzahl und die Zeit seit dem Eintauchen, berücksichtigen. Nach Ablauf einer bestimmten Zeit und Erreichen einer vorgegebenen Drehzahl könnte der Schluss gezogen werden, dass der Beton ausreichend verdichtet worden ist.Investigations have shown that when compacting Concrete over time sets a significant engine speed curve. The Engine speed falls after immersion of the vibrating bottle in the fresh concrete initially decreases, but then increases again with increasing concrete density. The Power consumption of the engine behaves vice versa. The evaluation algorithms In the evaluation circuit can therefore be designed. that at least two parameters, namely the speed and time since immersion, consider. After a certain time and reach a given speed could be concluded that the concrete has been sufficiently compacted.

Durch die Erfindung wird ein sensitiver Innenrüttler angegeben, mit dem es möglich ist. Rückwirkungen auf die Rüttelflasche, die sich durch eine Änderung im Gefüge des Frischbetons und damit aufgrund der Verdichtungstätigkeit ergeben, zu ermitteln. Dadurch wird es möglich, dem Bediener unabhängig von seinen fachlichen Kenntnissen und Erfahrungen eine Information zur Hand zu geben, welchen Erfolg seine Arbeit beim Verdichten von Beton erreicht hat. Damit lässt sich eine nicht ausreichende Betonqualität aufgrund minderwertiger Verdichtungstätigkeit, z. B. durch einen ungeschulten Bediener, weitgehend vermeiden.The invention provides a sensitive internal vibrator, with which it is possible. Repercussions on the vibrator bottle, resulting from a change in the structure of the fresh concrete and thus due to the compaction activity arise to determine. This makes it possible to be independent of the operator from his professional knowledge and experience to provide information on Give a hand to the success of his work in compacting concrete Has. This can be an inadequate concrete quality due to inferior Compaction activity, e.g. B. by an untrained operator, largely avoid.

Claims (11)

  1. Internal vibrating device for compressing a free-flowing material, having
    a vibrating unit (2), in which a vibration-generating device having an electromotor is disposed;
    a circuit unit (3) which is separated from the vibrating unit (2) via a resilient connection (1);
    a measuring device (6) for detecting at least one operational parameter of the internal vibrating device; and having
    an evaluating circuit for evaluating measurement values detected by the measuring device;
    characterised in that
    the operational parameter is a parameter from the following group:
    movement of the vibrating unit (2), vibration amplitude of the vibrating unit, vibrating frequency of the vibrating unit, rotational speed of the electromotor, electrical excitation frequency of the electromotor and winding temperature of a stator of the electromotor; and in that
    a signal can be generated by the evaluating circuit on the basis of the measurement values and thus on the basis of a change in the operational parameter, which signal corresponds to a change in a compression condition of the material.
  2. Internal vibrating device as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the evaluating circuit is formed in order to supply the measuring device (6) with electrical energy.
  3. Internal vibrating device as claimed in Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the measuring device comprises at least one movement-measuring device (6) provided in the vibrating unit (2).
  4. Internal vibrating device as claimed in Claims 2 and 3, characterised in that the evaluating circuit is provided in the circuit unit (3) in order to supply the movement-measuring device (6) and to evaluate signals output by the movement-measuring device (6).
  5. Internal vibrating device as claimed in Claim 3 or 4, characterised in that the movement-measuring device is an acceleration sensor (6).
  6. Internal vibrating device as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the measuring device comprises two acceleration sensors (6) provided in the vibrating unit (2), wherein the measurement directions (7) of the acceleration sensors are perpendicular with respect to each other and with respect to a longitudinal axis (8) of the vibrating unit (2).
  7. Internal vibrating device as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the measuring device comprises at least one power-measuring device.
  8. Internal vibrating device as claimed in Claim 7, characterised in that the power-measuring device is coupled to the evaluating circuit in order to determine the electrical power received by the vibration-generating device.
  9. Internal vibrating device as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the evaluating circuit contains a neuronal network or fuzzy logic.
  10. Internal vibrating device as claimed in any one of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that an optical and/or acoustic display (9) which can be controlled by the evaluating circuit is provided on the circuit unit (3).
  11. Internal vibrating device as claimed in any one of the preceding Claims, characterised in that the circuit unit contains a switch housing (3), in which a mains switch (5) and/or a frequency converter is/are provided.
EP00910811A 1999-03-23 2000-03-10 Internal vibrator with a measuring system Expired - Lifetime EP1165907B1 (en)

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DE19913077A DE19913077C2 (en) 1999-03-23 1999-03-23 Internal vibrator with measuring system
DE19913077 1999-03-23
PCT/EP2000/002138 WO2000057000A1 (en) 1999-03-23 2000-03-10 Internal vibrator with a measuring system

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US20080012165A1 (en) 2008-01-17
DE50010353D1 (en) 2005-06-23
EP1165907A1 (en) 2002-01-02
DE19913077A1 (en) 2000-10-19
WO2000057000B1 (en) 2000-12-21
DE19913077C2 (en) 2003-06-12
WO2000057000A1 (en) 2000-09-28
JP2002540323A (en) 2002-11-26

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