EP1156297A1 - Expanding bullet and process for manufacturing same - Google Patents

Abstract

A small caliber deforming bullet made from copper-zinc alloy comprises an outer hollow cylindrical base body (1) with a base and a conical front region, and an additional body inserted in and overlapping the base body. The additional body is a partial cylindrical casing core (2), whose cylindrical part is held in a front position in the base body during the whole ballistic flight path over the whole length. A hollow chamber is formed between the base body and the core and comprises a plate-like chamber (3a) and a blind hole bore (3b) and/or a further peripheral annular chamber. The plate-like chamber extends over the whole cross-section of the core. An Independent claim is also included for a process for the production of a small caliber deforming bullet. Preferred Features: The base body and the core are made from the same copper-zinc alloy. An inner annular groove is provided on the front side of the base body.

Description

The present invention relates to small caliber ammunition according to the preamble of the claim.

It is common knowledge that used in police operations Ammunition due to its high penetration rate often leads to smooth bullets, so that the hit Person not sufficiently prevented from defending himself and / or can flee. Likewise ricochets will disassemble ammunition and endanger often not involved. In addition, commonly used Shot up a lead core that hit the Person and the environment in an impermissible way sustainable charged.

It is therefore a bullet, especially for small arms known (EP -B1- 0 636 853), which has a cylindrical Has base body made of metal, the front end as Ogive or truncated cone is formed, being in these Basic body a ballistic additional body in the form of a Ball made of impact-resistant plastic is used. This floor in particular should not form secondary floors.

One for a small caliber ammunition Ball that detaches from the body in the target detect yourself badly in a person, because even if metals are added to the plastic, only one small cross section for X-rays. There can therefore be one in particular in the area of bones Ball detached from the base body even when using high resolution X-ray machines remain undetected and become sustainable, cause permanent disorders in the organism.

Another disadvantage is the two-part design of the Storey with different materials, which on the one hand results in manufacturing problems and on the other hand due to the limited ballistic final energy the energy deposition requested by police circles of almost 60 J / cm with 9 mm ammunition at a target distance of 5 m, measured in so-called ballistic soap, cannot provide.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to show the Fix disadvantages and a small-caliber bullet to create a high energy deposition when hit caused, i.e. the person affected is out of action sets, without sustained damage from disassembled projectile parts and / or due to highly toxic heavy metals cause. The bullet is said to meet the conditions for one Police operations can be customizable and high reliability and have precision. In addition, the projectile should be rational be producible and in particular not complex Require turned parts.

This object is solved by the features of claim 1.

The subject of the invention results in a minimal environmental hazard despite high penetration Hard targets. The floor deformation, i.e. the mushrooming, is targeted and its effects are predictable; the The release of energy in biological material is controlled. The appearance of the floor is one Vollmantelossees and has its advantages, namely no moisture can penetrate the propellant charge.

There is no floor dismantling at the finish; that there found floor in all cases showed 100% of the original Weight on. The between the body and The existing air space in the jacket core acts when Impact on a soft target (ballistic soap) like one dynamic spring; the deformation occurs only in the front Area of the main body, the jacket core is in the rear Annulus pushed back and takes almost none itself Deformation energy on.

The deformation is initiated by the aforementioned translation, so that the front area of the Base body is relatively easily deformable and hard Aiming in the sense of bilateral flaring, i.e. broadened. In the case of softer targets, they are removed a frontal enlargement of the cross-section. That kind of Compacting the two parts prevents disassembly even in very tough goals.

Experiments show that upstream materials are unexpected like clothing fabrics etc. the floor deformation not adversely affect.

Another advantage is the low resulting mechanical loading of the weapon; the compressibility, especially the rear part of the floor is reduced the wear in the barrel, so that projectiles according to the invention are also very suitable for practice ammunition. positive this also affects that the entire storey body from a single, easily recyclable material consists of environmentally friendly target areas can be disposed of.

The manufacturing method according to claim 6 is particularly efficient and enables rational production in large Series.

Advantageous further developments are in dependent claims described the invention.

The identical choice of materials for the base body and the jacket core is not only inexpensive to manufacture; the materials also have the same thermal expansion, so that once assembled parts have the same tension.

An outer ring groove on the front also results in Basic body a room for the partial reception of the target compressed core.

Similarly, an additional deformation area can be found in the jacket core create, in which there is provided an outer annular groove becomes.

The jacket core is advantageously opposite the bore conical to achieve a tight fit. The opposite is also possible, i.e. the bore can be conical with respect to the jacket core his.

The production of the two parts is particularly efficient, Basic body and jacket core through the use of itself known deep drawing processes.

Another increase in performance is in production possible through the use of flat strip material, which is fed via a roll to the respective punch press becomes.

A precise joining of the two parts takes place via a form stamp that positively engages the jacket core on the face presses into the base body.

Exemplary embodiments are described below with the aid of drawings of the invention explained.

Fig. 1

ein erfindungsgemässen Geschoss, in Schnittdarstellung für eine Pistolenmunition,

Fig. 2

eine erste Variante des Geschosses, mit analoger Wirkung wie dasjenige nach Fig. 1,

Fig. 3a und Fig. 3b

die beiden Einzelteile des Geschosses nach Fig. 1, vor dem Zusammenbau,

Fig. 4

eine dritte Variante eines Geschosses mit reduziertem Abprallverhalten,

Fig. 5

eine weitere Variante eines Geschosses, mit erhöhter Durchschlagsleistung,

Fig. 6

einen durch Tiefziehen erzeugten Napf, als Vorstufe zur Bildung eines Grundkörpers und

Fig. 7

einen weiteren Napf, als Vorstufe zur Bildung eines Mantelkerns.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a projectile according to the invention, in a sectional view for a pistol ammunition,

Fig. 2

a first variant of the floor, with an effect similar to that of FIG. 1,

3a and 3b

1, before assembly, the two individual parts of the projectile,

Fig. 4

a third variant of a projectile with reduced rebound behavior,

Fig. 5

another variant of a floor, with increased penetration,

Fig. 6

a bowl produced by deep drawing, as a preliminary stage for the formation of a base body and

Fig. 7

another bowl, as a preliminary stage for the formation of a jacket core.

In Figure 1, a cylindrical base body is designated 1. This body is in a notoriously known manner the sleeve 10 of a cartridge for a pistol ammunition pressed.

In the body 1 there is an additional body, in shape a jacket core 2, which with this transition-free the floor tip forms. In the lower area of this floor there is a circular disk-shaped annular space 3a which together with the blind hole 3b located above in the jacket core 2 forms a closed air space.

In Fig. 1 is also by a circle symbol, which is denoted by S. the center of gravity of the floor is entered.

The end face distanced from the bottom 4 of the base body 1 2 'of the casing core 2 is in the event of an impact of the projectile in the finish translationally shifted and strikes on the ground 4 on. This makes the projectile tip deformable in a targeted manner; it mushrooms and at the same time encloses the tip of the jacket core 2 at the edge with a flange.

Even if the translational shift due to the selected mass ratios between base body and jacket core should only be done to a small extent a wedge between the base body and the jacket core, so that in the target the entire mass of the fired The projectile is preserved, like practical experiments with weight measurements demonstrate.

On the one hand, this causes an energy conversion, on the other hand the front outside diameter of the projectile increases, so that an increased energy output - due to the larger area - to the target.

The form closure of the riveting type both parts give the bullet high mechanical strength; it behaves like a hard target Full body floor without showing its disadvantages.

The deformation of the floor can be known by known Predetermine means and measures within wide limits, these are in particular the hardness and ductility of the Materials, as well as corresponding dimensions of the projectile parts.

In the following figures there are the same functional parts called the same.

The variant according to FIG. 2 is opposite to the embodiment 1 a higher mass, the deformation in the target causes only mushrooming, whereby the peripheral annulus 3c this makes it easier. The cavity 3a has approximately the same Volume as in FIG. 1, but with a smaller diameter, so that the axial displacement path for the jacket core 2 is longer.

The two-story floor is in FIGS. 3a and 3b in its Components shown before assembly.

It can be seen from FIG. 3a in conjunction with FIG. 3b that the radius R _{1 of} the ogive in the transition region of the jacket core 2 and the base body are the same.

In addition, the length L of the cylindrical part of the jacket core 2, which is shorter in each case than the corresponding recess in the base body 1.

The diameter of the parts of the Base body 1 and the casing core 2 are in the manner of a so-called press fit (tight fit) coordinated with each other, with a taper of 0.06 mm the assembly at room temperature relieved and still with a possible Differences in temperature between the parts, their cohesion guaranteed over the entire ballistic trajectory and in the target.

4 and 5 are based on the same principle.

The two floors have one on the front compared to FIG. 1 or rear center of gravity S. The The projectile according to FIG. 4 has thinner walls than FIG. 1 designed and therefore easier to deform; it instructs lower rebound behavior.

5 has a higher mass and thereby a higher penetration. The other advantages remain intact, so that still a high energy deposition done at the finish; neither will it be there disassembled .-- The length L remains throughout the ballistic Fixed trajectory of the projectile in the projectile itself receive.

Tombak (CuZn5) is planning to manufacture the projectiles proven in the form of tape material. As with deep-drawing processes Was common for the base body 1 first circular discs (rondelles) a bowl 100 according to Art 6 and for the jacket core, such as shown in FIG. 7, a bowl 200 made.

The complete waiver of the bullet shape possible Turned parts and the use of common deep drawing and forming processes enables economical production, despite improved final ballistic properties of the projectiles.

The subject of the invention is for practical reasons Small caliber bullets (up to 0.5 "in diameter) are provided and was realized for this; but it can be in the same or adapt it in analog form to larger storeys.

Label list

1

Basic body

2nd

Jacket core (additional body)

2 '

rear face of 2

3a

Cavity (disk-shaped)

3b

Cavity (blind hole)

3c

peripheral annulus

4th

Floor base body

10th

Cartridge (sleeve)

100

Bowl; Prepress basic body

200

Bowl; Pre-stage jacket body

L

Length cyl. Part of the jacket core

R ₁

Radius (ogive) on the mantle core;
Radius (ogive) on the base body

S

Center of gravity

Claims (10)

Small-caliber deformation bullet made of a copper / zinc alloy, consisting of an outer hollow cylindrical base body with a rear-side base and an ogive or conical front area and an additional body inserted into the base body, which projects above this, characterized in that the additional body is at least partially cylindrical Jacket core (2) is that its cylindrical part is non-positively held in the base body (1) in a front position during the entire ballistic trajectory over the entire length (L), that at least between the base body (1) and the jacket core (2) a cavity is formed which consists at least of a rear-side disk-shaped space (3a) and additionally of a blind hole-like bore (3b) and / or a further peripheral annular space (3c), the disk-shaped space (3a) covering the entire cross-sectional area of the jacket core (2) extends, and that when the projectile hits ses (1) on the target or in the target, the jacket core (2) axially in the annular space (3a), in a rear position, shifts and contacted with its rear end face (2 ') the base body. Small-caliber deformation bullet according to claim 1, characterized in that the base body (1) and the casing core (2) consist of the identical copper / zinc alloy. Small-caliber deformation bullet according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an inner annular groove (3c) is provided on the front side in the base body (1). Small-caliber deformation bullet according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that an outer annular groove is provided in the casing core (2). Small-caliber deformation bullet according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the blind hole-like bore (3b) or the cylindrical part of the casing core (2) have a taper. Process for producing a small-caliber deformation bullet from a ductile heavy metal alloy, in particular copper / zinc alloy consisting of an outer hollow cylindrical base body with a rear-side base and an ogive or conical front area and an additional body inserted into the base body and projecting above it is inserted into the base body, characterized in that a jacket core is pressed into the hollow cylindrical base body with a bottom on the rear side, such that a cavity is formed at least between the bottom and the jacket core, which extends over the entire inner diameter of the base body. A method for producing a base body according to claim 6, characterized in that circular disks are punched out of flat material, which are formed into a hollow cylindrical base body in deep-drawing processes and, after a subsequent calibration, are squeezed to the predetermined length of the base body. A process for producing a jacket core according to claim 6, characterized in that circular disks are punched out of flat material, which are formed into a hollow cylindrical body in deep-drawing processes and, after a subsequent calibration, are squeezed to the predetermined length of the jacket core. Method according to at least one of claims 7 or 8, characterized in that the flat material is strip material and is fed from a roll to a punching press or punch-drawing press. A method according to claim 6, characterized in that a jacket core is inserted into a base body and that both parts are pressed together in a form-fitting and transition-free manner on the end side by means of a form stamp.

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