EP1146529A1 - Pôle pour un disjoncteur électrique limiteur de basse tension de puissance et disjoncteur muni d'un tel pôle - Google Patents
Pôle pour un disjoncteur électrique limiteur de basse tension de puissance et disjoncteur muni d'un tel pôle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1146529A1 EP1146529A1 EP01410034A EP01410034A EP1146529A1 EP 1146529 A1 EP1146529 A1 EP 1146529A1 EP 01410034 A EP01410034 A EP 01410034A EP 01410034 A EP01410034 A EP 01410034A EP 1146529 A1 EP1146529 A1 EP 1146529A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- arc
- circuit breaker
- chamber
- pole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H77/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting
- H01H77/02—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism
- H01H77/10—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening
- H01H77/107—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening characterised by the blow-off force generating means, e.g. current loops
- H01H77/108—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening characterised by the blow-off force generating means, e.g. current loops comprising magnetisable elements, e.g. flux concentrator, linear slot motor
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H9/302—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts wherein arc-extinguishing gas is evolved from stationary parts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H9/34—Stationary parts for restricting or subdividing the arc, e.g. barrier plate
- H01H9/346—Details concerning the arc formation chamber
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H9/44—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet
- H01H9/446—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using blow-out magnet using magnetisable elements associated with the contacts
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H77/00—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting
- H01H77/02—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism
- H01H77/10—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening
- H01H77/102—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening characterised by special mounting of contact arm, allowing blow-off movement
- H01H77/104—Protective overload circuit-breaking switches operated by excess current and requiring separate action for resetting in which the excess current itself provides the energy for opening the contacts, and having a separate reset mechanism with electrodynamic opening characterised by special mounting of contact arm, allowing blow-off movement with a stable blow-off position
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H9/46—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts using arcing horns
Definitions
- the invention relates to an electrical circuit breaker limiting low power voltage.
- US Patent 2,555,993 describes a switch intended to cut off the supply of a inductance of a circuit breaker control circuit, this inductance being crossed by a direct current of the order of 200A.
- the switch includes a fixed contact, a movable contact, an expansion chamber containing an inlet orifice and no outlet, and an exhaust chimney located between the contacts and the entrance to the room.
- the contacts are arranged in a corridor whose width decreases from the contact area towards the entrance of the room.
- the walls of this corridor are made of an insulating material phosphorus asbestos, in a 90% zircon substrate.
- the side walls of the corridor are framed laterally by two metal plates which are part of a circuit magnetic in U excited by a winding so as to produce a magnetic field tending to move the arc towards the expansion chamber.
- the electric arc is rapidly propelled towards the expansion chamber, due to the magnetic field.
- Passing through the narrowing of the corridor the arc undergoes a constriction and cooling, due to interaction with the corridor walls. Gas hot ionized products escape through the exhaust chimney and do not impede the progression of the arc towards the expansion chamber, so that the flames are confined in this room and are not released into the atmosphere. Expansion in the expansion chamber helps cool the arc and cause it to go out.
- the objective here is to increase the arc tension until it exceeds the voltage across the inductor during discharge.
- the performances of device shutdown are very low, and dictated by the application, since the intensity of the arc current never exceeds the initial value of 200A, and that the maximum energy dissipated corresponds to the energy stored in the inductance.
- the architecture of the device cannot be transposed to a low-voltage power limiting circuit breaker, in particular makes hot gas escape through the chimney. Therefore, the teaching of this document does not appear to be transposable to low limit circuit breakers power voltage of the type previously described.
- a power switch is described in patent DE 728 612.
- This switch has a fixed contact and a movable contact, arranged in an arc chamber consisting of a volume containing the contacts, extended by a narrow slot which opens, opposite the volume containing the contacts, into an open outside space.
- the arc chamber is delimited laterally by ceramic walls which are relatively distant from each other at the level of the volume containing the contacts, gradually approach each other to form a narrowing at the entrance into the slit and extend parallel to each other along the length of the slit.
- arc horns extend from the volume containing the contacts to the opposite end of the slit, moving away from each other.
- Side blowing plates frame the walls ceramic side panels and constitute a magnetic arc blowing circuit.
- the electric arc is magnetically blown into the slot.
- the divergent arrangement of the bow horns is essential to compensate or even overcompensate, the reduction in the cross-section to the outside for break.
- the movement of the arc inside the chamber is not hindered by increased pressure.
- the arc finds new ceramic surfaces allowing a significant heat exchange. Rapid movement of the arc until it extinguishes avoids exposure local room too important.
- the dimensions of this device are very important. Indeed, the length of the slot from the contacts to the opening on the space exterior must be sufficient to allow the arc to extinguish before reaching the end of the room.
- the distance between the arc horns near the opening to the outside is also very important, since it results from the continuous divergence between the bow horns, necessary to counteract the increase in pressure due to narrowing of the slit section.
- these constraints impose moreover an opening angle of about 120 ° between the arc horns. Therefore, this technology seems incompatible with a simultaneous search for compactness and high breaking performance.
- US Patent 2,970,197 describes a switch comprising a fixed contact member comprising a fixed main contact, a fixed secondary contact and a fixed arcing contact, cooperating with a movable contact member carrying, on the same pivoting arm, a moving main contact, moving secondary contact and moving arcing contact.
- a arc extinguishing chamber with dividers is located between the side arms of a U-shaped magnetic circuit.
- the contacts are located in a narrowing corridor gradually towards the entrance of the room.
- the magnetic circuit is powered by a coil, connected in series between the fixed main contact and a lower arc horn.
- the opening takes place in several stages: first, the main contacts, relatively distant from the extinguishing chamber, separate, forcing the current to switch to secondary contacts closer to the room.
- the secondary contacts In a second time, the secondary contacts also separate, forcing the current to flow in the arcing contacts located near the chamber.
- a primary arc arises during separation of arcing contacts, between arcing contacts.
- the arc lengthens and reaches the horn lower arc by dividing into two secondary arcs in series: a first arc secondary between the fixed contact and the lower arc horn and a second secondary arc between the lower arc horn and the movable arcing contact.
- the impedance of the winding being lower than that of the first secondary arc, the latter extinguishes, so that all current crosses the winding, generating a magnetic flux between the side branches of the Magnetic U.
- the magnetic field causes the second secondary arc towards the bedroom.
- the arc meets in the room of the separators which cool it until its extinction.
- the process of gradual migration from the arc to the chamber in this device is excessively long and incompatible with the performance expected of a limiting circuit breaker.
- the mechanism is also very complicated, due to the presence a multiplicity of contacts.
- the invention aims to increase the arc voltage of a high-caliber limiting circuit breaker, in a reduced volume, by simple device.
- the side insulating walls of the screen constitute a protection of the magnetic circuit vis-à-vis the electric arc. They also form a heat exchange surface important contributing to the cooling of the arc. The throttling of the nearby corridor of the chamber further increases this heat exchange and promotes constriction of the arc. The two combined phenomena contribute to the increase of the arc voltage and to a strong current limitation.
- the magnetic circuit combines two functions: on the one hand, a function of limitation of the current ensured jointly with the elastic return means, in the measurement where the magnetic field generates on the moving charges in the contact mobile crossed by a current, forces tending to cause contact separation independently of any opening order, beyond a threshold defined by the means of elastic recall; and on the other hand, a training function from the arc to the room arc extinction, through the obstacle constituted by the constriction.
- This second function is partially provided by the part of the magnetic circuit close to the area of contact, but also more specifically by the part of the circuit framing the area of the narrowing. The more this part located laterally on either side of the throttle is important, the more the effect will be marked.
- the pole comprises a lower arc horn electrically connected to the first contact member, and comprising said first root receiving surface an electric arc as well as an extension extending inside the chamber extinction, said extension constituting a second surface for receiving a arc root whose width, measured along an axis perpendicular to the longitudinal plane of the pole, is smaller than that of the first receiving surface.
- the second surface receiving part of the arc root for short-circuit currents very high intensity. In addition, it allows the heat generated on the first receiving surface. In addition, the second receiving surface allows the breaking of small currents, favoring in this case the complete entry of the root of the arc in the extinguishing chamber.
- the width of the second receiving surface must be less than the diameter of an arc root under short-circuit conditions, because we want to avoid in this case that the arc does not fully penetrate the room. In practical, the greater width of the second receiving surface will be less or equal to the distance between the walls of the insulating screen at the throat.
- the pole further comprises an upper arc horn having a free end located near the movable contact member in the position of separation, and extending into the interior of the chamber.
- the head of the electric arc migrates on the upper arc horn, with the formation of a secondary arc in series with the first, between the upper arc horn and the movable contact member.
- the head of the main arc migrates quickly inside the chamber following the upper arc horn, which allows to play its role of energy absorption in the room.
- the lateral branches of the magnetic circuit have an air gap which is more weak at the throttle than at the contact area. While the width of the air gap of the magnetic circuit in its front part, at the level where it frames the contact fingers, is dictated by the width of the contact fingers, therefore by the caliber of the circuit breaker, it is possible to take advantage of the anterior narrowing of the entrance corridor in the chamber to reduce the air gap in the part closest to the chamber, which allows to increase the field in this region where the displacement of the arc is hampered by the narrowing.
- the magnetic circuit forms a magnetic U, the base of which is located below the contact area of the fixed contact member.
- the U shape constitutes a good compromise between the quantity of metal necessary to constitute the circuit magnetic and the field concentration obtained.
- the magnetic circuit can in particular form an O in section, which allows even greater concentration of the field.
- the insulating screen comprises a gas-resistant material resistant to the arc.
- the coating vaporization is a highly endothermic phenomenon which contributes to the arc cooling.
- the pressure gradient generated by vaporization at the level narrowing which could prove to be an obstacle to the displacement of the arc towards the chamber, is in fact compensated by an appropriate dimensioning of the circuit magnetic, especially in its front part.
- the material chosen has sufficient arc resistance to fulfill its protective function side of the magnetic circuit.
- the insulating screen comprises a polyamide loaded with glass fibers. In practice, the fiberglass load does not not exceed 30%, to prevent the glass fibers from coming to the surface of the material after a few cuts.
- the insulating screen includes a polyamide loaded with mineral fillers, in proportions which can reach or exceed 30%.
- mineral fillers in proportions which can reach or exceed 30%.
- the arc energy absorption means located inside the arc extinguishing chamber have dividers extending perpendicular to the median longitudinal plane.
- an electric circuit breaker low voltage power limiter comprising an opening mechanism and at least one pole as described above, the movable support of which is connected to the mechanism opening hours.
- a low-voltage power limiting circuit breaker has four poles 10, 12, 14, 16 and an opening and closing control mechanism closure 18, mounted in an insulating housing.
- the control mechanism 18, of known structure, comprises a control handle 20, a spring for opening and closure 22 and a pole shaft 24 pivoting on bearings formed in walls case intermediates.
- the latter comprises a base 26 and a cover 28 which has been removed in Figure 1, but can be seen in Figure 2.
- Each pole includes a fixed contact member 30 connected to a first contact pad 32, a movable contact member 34 connected to a second contact pad 36 and a arc extinguishing chamber 38.
- the fixed contact member 30 comprises a metal part 40 bent in a half-loop, which supports a contact pad 42 defining a contact zone, and which extends towards the interior of the chamber by a lower metal arc horn 44, at the potential of the fixed contact member 30.
- the horn 44 includes a receiving surface 45 (FIG. 3) wide near the contact area and becomes narrower at the entrance to room 38. It is extended inside the chamber by a tongue offering a surface of reception 47 (figure 3).
- the arc horn 44 is fixed on the fixed contact member on the one hand by two screws 46 ( Figure 3) near the contact pad 42, and secondly to the interior of the chamber by a screw 48 whose head is isolated from the contact member by a sheath 50 of plastic material.
- the chamber includes an upper bow horn 52 and planar dividers 54 disposed between the lower bow horn 44 and upper bow horn 52, perpendicular to the plane of section II-II of FIG. 2, which constitutes a median longitudinal plane of the pole.
- the Horn upper arc 52 has a curved rear end 56 whose rim partially defines an entrance opening into room 58.
- the room is laterally delimited by side walls 59.
- the chamber is provided with a outlet opening 60 provided with a grid 62, the inlet opening 58 being located between the contact zone formed by the fixed contact pad 42 and the outlet opening 60.
- the movable contact member 34 comprises a movable support 66 pivoting around a first fixed geometric axis 68 relative to the base 26, and three contact fingers 70 pivoting around a second fixed geometric axis 72, arranged in parallel and of offset from the first.
- a connecting rod 74 ensures the coupling of the support 66 to the pole tree.
- the fingers 70 support at one end a contact pad 76 intended to ensure contact with the contact pad 42 supported by the fixed contact 30.
- the fingers 70 constitute at their other end a cam 78 with two ramps on either side of a dead center.
- an elastic energy accumulator 80 comprising a spring 81 guided in a cage and pushing out of it a rod supporting a rotating roller. The roller is thus permanently in contact with the cam 78, so that the elastic energy accumulator 80 constitutes with cam 78 a bistable mechanism.
- the pole also comprises a magnetic circuit 82 shaped like a U constituted by a stack of transformer sheets arranged perpendicular to the median plane longitudinal II-II.
- the magnetic circuit 82 has a base 84 extending perpendicular to the plane of Figure 2 and two lateral branches 86 which extend substantially parallel to the plane of Figure 2.
- the curved part of the part 40 of the fixed contact member 30 surrounds the base 84 of the magnetic circuit 82 so as to induce a magnetic flux as a function of the current passing through the fixed contact member 30.
- a rear part 90 of the magnetic circuit laterally frames the contact area constituted by the fixed contact pad 42. Between the contact zone 42 and the chamber 38, the magnetic circuit 82 has a front part 92 whose air gap is narrower than that of the posterior 90.
- a screen 94 comprising two lateral insulating walls 96 is interposed between the branches lateral 86 of the contact zone 42.
- the lateral insulating walls 96 are constituted by an arc-resistant insulating material, preferably gas-generating, in this case a polyamide heavily loaded with fiberglass (around 30%).
- the lateral insulating walls 96 of the insulating screen 94 are parallel to the median longitudinal plane II-II of the pole, at very short distance from the fingers of contact.
- the lateral insulating walls 96 of the screen 94 are also parallel to the longitudinal plane median, but at a closer distance from each other.
- the lateral insulating walls 96 of the screen 94 also comprises a flat intermediate portion oblique to the median longitudinal plane, making the junction between the posterior part and the part anterior.
- the corridor formed by the lateral insulating walls 96 of the screen 94 therefore sees its width gradually narrowing by a third, or even half, towards the chamber 38, and constitutes a constriction 98 leading to the entrance to the chamber.
- Screen 94 further includes front and rear walls perpendicular to the plane longitudinal median, and protecting the ends anterior and posterior faces of lateral branches of the magnetic circuit.
- Screen 94 also has a coating 97 internal insulation and protection in direct contact with the magnetic circuit,
- the coating 97 consists of a liquid crystal polymer.
- the operation of the device is as follows.
- the circuit breaker In the closed position in Figure 2, the circuit breaker allows current to flow between the two contact pads 32, 36, through contact members 30, 34 and pads contact 42, 76.
- the bistable mechanism 80 returns the fingers 70 towards the contact pad fixed 42, ensuring sufficient contact pressure.
- the current intensity is very high in the curved part 40 of the fixed contact member 30 and induces a high magnetic flux in the circuit magnetic 82.
- the magnetic circuit 82 concentrates the field lines between the branches lateral 86, in the contact zone and in the zone swept by the contact fingers 70 when opening.
- the contact fingers 70 which are also crossed by the current short-circuit, are subjected to repulsive forces induced by the magnetic field. These forces induced by the magnetic circuit add to the necking forces at the interface between the pads 42, 76, so that the contact fingers 70 pivot against the force of return of the spring 81, until reaching the neutral point of the bistable mechanism 80. Beyond the neutral, the contact fingers 70 continue to run clockwise until the separation position of FIG. 4, under the joint action of the spring 81 and the forces electromagnetic.
- An electric arc is born between the contact pads 42, 76 as soon as they separate, causing a sudden rise in temperature in the corridor.
- the walls 96 of the screen cause a gas emission in the posterior part and in the anterior part narrowed corridor, so that the pressure increases in the corridor.
- the arc subject to electromagnetic forces, curves towards the chamber 38 and the root of the arc migrates on the wide part of the lower bow horn 44, and tends to enter the chamber.
- the root of the arc has a large section, depending on the intensity of the short-circuit current.
- the width of the receiving surface 47 of the arch located on the part of the horn arc extending inside the chamber 38 is insufficient to allow a migration of the root of the arc inside the chamber 38.
- the root of the arc occupies all the available space between the contact pad 42 and the end anterior of the lower arch horn 44, inside the chamber.
- part of the bow root remains on the wide receiving surface 44 of the bow horn lower, below the throttle 98, while another part of the arc root is found on the narrower part 47 of the lower bow horn, directly in the room, and this until the extinction.
- the head of the main arc migrates to the upper arc horn 52, while a secondary arc shape in series with the first between the curved end 56 of the upper bow horn and the contact fingers 70.
- the arc head can enter in the chamber, which avoids excessive removal of the walls of the housing near the curved end 56 of the upper arc horn.
- the root of the arc remains at least partially on the wide part 45 of the arc horn 44 located between the contact pad 42 and throttling 98. Therefore, the necking and cooling effects of the arc caused by the convergence of the walls 96 extend throughout the duration of breaking, ensuring that a high arc voltage is maintained until the arc is extinguished.
- the arc would tend to leave the chamber 38 and to move back towards the contact zone 42, to minimize the dissipated energy and decrease the arc voltage. It is the field induced by the magnetic circuit 82, and in particular by the part of the circuit located at the throttle 98, which acts to continuously on the arc until its extinction, and prevents the arc from moving back towards the contact pads 42, 76. Reducing the air gap at the throttle 98 and the corresponding increase in the magnetic field further promotes this action.
- the lateral insulating walls 96 of the screen 94 are subjected to the arc, in particular at the throttle 98. It is the this is why the material constituting the screen 94 must be very robust.
- the coating 97 makes it possible to ensure the isolation of the magnetic circuit in the event of screen failure, especially if drops of molten metal pass through one of the walls 96. Its function is to avoid in this case any risk of striking an arc between the magnetic circuit 82 and one of the contact members.
- the opening is confirmed by an order to open the mechanism 18, which causes the support in the position of figure 5.
- the magnetic circuit 82 has a constant air gap from its posterior part to its anterior part. This mode of realization is simpler than the previous one, and may prove to be sufficient for lower breaking performance.
- the structure of the limiting circuit breaker may be different from that of the example of production.
- the invention also applies to a pole whose movable support of the movable contact member moves in translation.
- the screen 94 can be loaded with mineral particles intended to give it a large robustness, without affecting its dielectric qualities. Good results have been obtained by example with zinc borate in proportions of up to 30% and beyond.
- the mineral particles may or may not be added to the glass fibers.
- the emission of gas through the walls 96 increases the pressure in the corridor.
- This increased pressure contributes to constriction of the arch and increase in arc voltage.
- the pressure increase is not necessarily homogeneous, and a pressure gradient may appear due to the constriction, which tends to oppose as the arc passes through the constriction. This is why we consider that it is not not absolutely necessary to use a gasifier material. In any event, it choose a material that does not cause too much gas emission. Of more, the magnetic circuit must be dimensioned so as to counteract the effects of pressure gradient on the arc.
- the coating 97 can be omitted if the robustness and the durability of the screen 94 are sufficient to ensure the absence of priming at the magnetic circuit.
- the length of the lower bow horn inside the chamber is not necessarily important. From the point of view of breaking short-circuit currents under high tension, it is always beneficial that a significant part of the root of arc is stationed on part 45 of the lower arc horn located between the pellet of contact and throttling, since this is how we force the arc to cross the throttle 98 throughout the duration of the cut.
- the extension of the arc horn to the interior of the room results from a compromise making it possible in particular to ensure a cooling of the bow horn during cutting.
- the upper bow horn can be omitted, if the walls of the case are at this level reinforced, or if a gas-generating effect is desired, for example to clean the tablet contact 76.
- the height of the constriction i.e. its dimension along an axis perpendicular to the plan of Figure 3, is not necessarily important. Experience shows that this is the lower part of the throttle, closest to the lower bow horn, which is essential.
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
- Breakers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- un socle ;
- un premier organe de contact, comportant une zone de contact ;
- un deuxième organe de contact, comportant
- un support mobile apte à être relié au mécanisme d'ouverture et mobile par rapport au socle entre une position de fermeture et une position d'ouverture,
- au moins un doigt de contact mobile parallèlement à un plan longitudinal médian du pôle, et apte à prendre, par rapport au support mobile en position de fermeture, une position de contact dans laquelle le doigt de contact est en contact avec la zone de contact du premier organe de contact, et une position de séparation dans laquelle le doigt de contact est séparé du premier organe de contact, et
- un moyen de rappel élastique apte à rappeler le doigt de contact mobile vers sa position de contact, lorsque le doigt de contact mobile se trouve à proximité de sa position de contact ;
- une chambre d'extinction d'arc, comportant une ouverture de sortie constituant la voie d'échappement de l'ensemble des gaz émis lors d'une coupure, une ouverture d'entrée située entre la zone de contact et l'ouverture de sortie, des moyens d'absorption d'énergie d'arc situés à l'intérieur de la chambre d'extinction d'arc, et des parois latérales délimitant latéralement la chambre d'extinction d'arc, la distance mesurée perpendiculairement au plan longitudinal médian entre les parois latérales définissant une largeur de la chambre ;
- un circuit magnétique, apte à être excité par un courant traversant les organes de contact,, le circuit magnétique comportant deux branches latérales qui s'étendent parallèlement au plan longitudinal médian de part et d'autre de celui-ci et qui encadrent la zone de contact, le circuit magnétique étant apte à produire un champ magnétique tendant à entraíner le doigt de contact traversé par un courant vers la position de séparation,
- un écran isolant comportant deux parois isolantes latérales s'interposant entre les branches latérales et les organes de contacts, les parois isolantes latérales de l'écran isolant formant un couloir entre la zone de contact et l'ouverture d'entrée de la chambre,
- les parois isolantes latérales de l'écran isolant sont à une distance l'une de l'autre qui est plus faible à proximité de l'ouverture d'entrée de la chambre d'extinction d'arc qu'à proximité de la zone de contact, et qui est plus faible à proximité de l'ouverture d'entrée de la chambre d'extinction d'arc que la largeur de la chambre d'extinction d'arc, de telle sorte que le couloir forme un étranglement entre la zone de contact et l'organe de contact mobile d'une part, et la chambre d'extinction d'autre part, cet étranglement étant au moins partiellement encadré latéralement par les branches latérales du circuit magnétique,
- le pôle comporte en outre une première surface de réception d'une racine d'un arc électrique, située entre la zone de contact et l'étranglement et reliée électriquement au premier organe de contact.
- la figure 1 représente une vue en perspective d'un disjoncteur limiteur selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
- la figure 2 représente une vue d'un pôle du disjoncteur de la figure 1 en position de fermeture, en coupe longitudinale suivant le plan II-II de la figure 3 ;
- la figure 3 représente une vue en coupe suivant un plan III-III de la figure 2 ;
- la figure 4 représente une vue en coupe longitudinale du pôle de la figure 2, en position de séparation ;
- la figure 5 représente une vue en coupe longitudinale du pôle de la figure 2, en position d'ouverture ;
- la figure 6 représente un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, dans une vue correspondant à la vue de la figure 3 du premier mode de réalisation.
Claims (10)
- Pôle pour un disjoncteur électrique limiteur basse tension de puissance comportant un mécanisme d'ouverture (18), le pôle comportantun socle (26) ;un premier organe de contact (30), comportant une zone de contact (42) ;un deuxième organe de contact (34), comportantun support mobile (66) apte à être relié au mécanisme d'ouverture (18) et mobile par rapport au socle (26) entre une position de fermeture et une position d'ouverture,au moins un doigt de contact (70) mobile parallèlement à un plan longitudinal médian (II-II) du pôle, et apte à prendre, par rapport au support mobile (66) en position de fermeture, une position de contact dans laquelle le doigt de contact (70) est en contact avec la zone de contact (42) du premier organe de contact (30), et une position de séparation dans laquelle le doigt de contact (70) est séparé du premier organe de contact (30), etun moyen de rappel élastique (81) apte à rappeler le doigt de contact mobile (70) vers sa position de contact, lorsque le doigt de contact mobile (70) se trouve à proximité de sa position de contact ;une chambre d'extinction d'arc (38), comportant une ouverture de sortie (60) constituant la voie d'échappement de l'ensemble des gaz émis lors d'une coupure, une ouverture d'entrée (58) située entre la zone de contact (42) et l'ouverture de sortie (60), des moyens d'absorption d'énergie d'arc (54) situés à l'intérieur de la chambre d'extinction d'arc (38), et des parois latérales (59) délimitant latéralement la chambre d'extinction d'arc (38), la distance mesurée perpendiculairement au plan longitudinal médian (II-II) entre les parois latérales (59) définissant une largeur de la chambre ;un circuit magnétique (82), apte à être excité par un courant traversant les organes de contact (30, 34), le circuit magnétique comportant deux branches latérales (86) qui s'étendent parallèlement au plan longitudinal médian (II-II) de part et d'autre de celui-ci et qui encadrent la zone de contact (42), le circuit magnétique (82) étant apte à produire un champ magnétique tendant à entraíner le doigt de contact (70) traversé par un courant vers la position de séparation,un écran isolant (94) comportant deux parois isolantes latérales (96) s'interposant entre les branches latérales (86) et les organes de contacts (30, 70), les parois isolantes latérales (96) de l'écran isolant formant un couloir entre la zone de contact (42) et l'ouverture d'entrée (58) de la chambre,les parois isolantes latérales (96) de l'écran isolant (94) sont à une distance l'une de l'autre qui est plus faible à proximité de l'ouverture d'entrée (58) de la chambre d'extinction d'arc (38) qu'à proximité de la zone de contact (42), et qui est plus faible à proximité de l'ouverture d'entrée (58) de la chambre d'extinction d'arc (38) que la largeur de la chambre d'extinction d'arc (38), de telle sorte que le couloir forme un étranglement (98) entre la zone de contact (42) et l'organe de contact mobile (34) d'une part, et la chambre d'extinction (38) d'autre part, cet étranglement (98) étant au moins partiellement encadré latéralement par les branches latérales (86) du circuit magnétique,le pôle comporte en outre une première surface de réception (45) d'une racine d'un arc électrique, située entre la zone de contact (42) et l'étranglement et reliée électriquement au premier organe de contact (42).
- Pôle de disjoncteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte une corne d'arc inférieure (44) reliée électriquement au premier organe de contact (30), et comportant ladite première surface de réception (45) d'une racine d'un arc électrique ainsi qu'un prolongement (47) s'étendant à l'intérieur de la chambre d'extinction (38), ledit prolongement (47) constituant une deuxième surface de réception d'une racine d'arc dont la largeur, mesurée suivant un axe perpendiculaire au plan longitudinal (II-II) du pôle , est plus petite que celle de la première surface de réception (45).
- Pôle de disjoncteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte en outre une corne d'arc supérieure (52) ayant une extrémité libre (56) située à proximité de l'organe de contact mobile (34) en position de séparation, et s'étendant vers l'intérieur de la chambre (38).
- Pôle de disjoncteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les branches latérales (86) du circuit magnétique (82) ont un entrefer qui est plus faible au niveau de l'étranglement (98) qu'au niveau de la zone de contact (42).
- Pôle de disjoncteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le circuit magnétique (82) forme un U magnétique, ayant une base (84) située en dessous de la zone de contact (42) de l'organe de contact fixe (30).
- Pôle de disjoncteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'écran isolant (94) comporte un matériau gazogène résistant à l'arc.
- Pôle de disjoncteur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'écran isolant (94) comporte un polyamide chargé de fibres de verre.
- Pôle de disjoncteur selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que l'écran isolant (94) comporte un polyamide chargé de charges minérales.
- Pôle selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens d'absorption d'énergie d'arc (54) situés à l'intérieur de la chambre d'extinction d'arc comportent des séparateurs (54) s'étendant perpendiculairement au plan longitudinal médian (II-II).
- Disjoncteur électrique limiteur basse tension de puissance, comportant un mécanisme d'ouverture (18) et au moins un pôle (10, 12, 14, 16) selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dont le support mobile (66) est relié au mécanisme d'ouverture (18).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0004545A FR2807565B1 (fr) | 2000-04-10 | 2000-04-10 | Pole pour un disjoncteur electrique limiteur de basse tension de puissance et disjoncteur muni d'un tel pole |
FR0004545 | 2000-04-10 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1146529A1 true EP1146529A1 (fr) | 2001-10-17 |
EP1146529B1 EP1146529B1 (fr) | 2007-05-02 |
Family
ID=8849058
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP01410034A Expired - Lifetime EP1146529B1 (fr) | 2000-04-10 | 2001-03-30 | Pôle pour un disjoncteur électrique limiteur de basse tension de puissance et disjoncteur muni d'un tel pôle |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6373016B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP1146529B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE60128176T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2284603T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2807565B1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
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EP1858046A2 (fr) * | 2006-05-15 | 2007-11-21 | EATON Corporation | Mécanisme d'assistance de barre transversale et appareil de commutation électrique l'utilisant |
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DE10222011C1 (de) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-11-20 | Moeller Gmbh | Leistungsschalter für hohe Ströme und Niederspannung |
DE10222010C1 (de) * | 2002-05-17 | 2003-11-20 | Moeller Gmbh | Leistungsschalter für hohe Ströme und Niederspannung |
FR2891082B1 (fr) * | 2005-09-16 | 2007-10-19 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | Dispositif de coupure comportant une chambre d'extinction d'arc de taille reduite |
JP2007280928A (ja) * | 2006-03-13 | 2007-10-25 | Fuji Electric Fa Components & Systems Co Ltd | 回路遮断器 |
US8093965B2 (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2012-01-10 | Schneider Electric USA, Inc. | Add-on trip module for multi-pole circuit breaker |
US8035467B2 (en) * | 2008-12-03 | 2011-10-11 | Mittelstadt Chad R | Add-on trip module for multi-pole circuit breaker |
US8093964B2 (en) * | 2008-12-29 | 2012-01-10 | Schneider Electric USA, Inc. | Add-on trip module for multi-pole circuit breaker |
US9691565B2 (en) * | 2009-12-07 | 2017-06-27 | Eaton Corporation | Splatter resistance in circuit breakers |
EP2393094A1 (fr) * | 2010-06-07 | 2011-12-07 | Eaton Industries GmbH | Unité de commutation dotée d'unités d'extinction d'arc |
DE102011008832A1 (de) * | 2011-01-19 | 2012-07-19 | Abb Ag | Installationsschaltgerät |
EP2631928A1 (fr) * | 2011-11-29 | 2013-08-28 | Eaton Industries GmbH | Système d'aimant permanent pour un circuit d'attaque à arc lumineux et appareil de commutation |
EP2608236A1 (fr) * | 2011-12-22 | 2013-06-26 | Eaton Industries GmbH | Appareil de commutation approprié au fonctionnement à courant continu |
US9552934B2 (en) | 2012-02-27 | 2017-01-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Slot motor, slot motor cover, slot motor—arc plate assembly, and methods of operation |
EP2713383B1 (fr) * | 2012-09-26 | 2014-11-12 | ABB Technology AG | Chambre d'extinction d'un disjoncteur moyenne tension |
KR200471984Y1 (ko) * | 2012-11-01 | 2014-03-28 | 엘에스산전 주식회사 | 대용량 배선용 회로차단기 |
DE102013211932A1 (de) * | 2013-06-24 | 2014-12-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Elektrischer Schalter |
FR3016473B1 (fr) * | 2014-01-13 | 2017-10-13 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | Bloc de coupure unipolaire et dispositif de coupure comportant un tel bloc |
US20160240335A1 (en) * | 2015-02-17 | 2016-08-18 | General Electric Company | Circuit breaker crossbar assembly and method |
US9530592B1 (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2016-12-27 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Arc extinguishing assemblies and methods |
FR3050311B1 (fr) * | 2016-04-15 | 2020-12-04 | Schneider Electric Ind Sas | Disjoncteur electrique a courant continu |
FR3050566B1 (fr) * | 2016-04-21 | 2019-08-30 | Schneider Electric Industries Sas | Disjoncteur a coupure dans l'air presentant une chambre de coupure d'arc electrique amelioree |
FR3073974B1 (fr) * | 2017-11-23 | 2019-12-20 | Schneider Electric Industries Sas | Disjoncteur multipolaire a basse tension |
US10872739B2 (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2020-12-22 | Frank P Stacom | Methods and systems for DC current interrupter based on thermionic arc extinction via anode ion depletion |
KR102389730B1 (ko) * | 2020-04-02 | 2022-04-22 | 엘에스일렉트릭(주) | 아크 소호 조립체 및 이를 포함하는 차단기 |
CN114068262B (zh) * | 2020-08-03 | 2025-01-28 | 天津首瑞智能电气有限公司 | 一种低压断路器 |
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CN113532802B (zh) * | 2021-08-10 | 2022-07-05 | 国网经济技术研究院有限公司 | 直流断路器机械开关的多断口行程一致性检测系统及方法 |
CN119028779A (zh) * | 2024-10-28 | 2024-11-26 | 宁波峰梅新能源汽车科技股份有限公司 | 一种带功能安全双灭弧通道智能断路器和制造方法 |
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EP0419325A1 (fr) * | 1989-09-20 | 1991-03-27 | Telemecanique | Dispositif interrupteur limiteur de courant |
EP0887832A2 (fr) * | 1997-05-28 | 1998-12-30 | Eaton Corporation | Disjoncteur avec chambre d'acclereration de l'arc et logement pour bras de contact |
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US6198063B1 (en) * | 1999-11-05 | 2001-03-06 | Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc. | Circuit breaker terminal cover with integrated arc chamber vents |
US6204465B1 (en) * | 2000-04-03 | 2001-03-20 | Eaton Corporation | Circuit breaker with arc gas engaging paddles on a trip bar and/or crossbar |
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2000
- 2000-04-10 FR FR0004545A patent/FR2807565B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-03-30 EP EP01410034A patent/EP1146529B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-03-30 ES ES01410034T patent/ES2284603T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-03-30 DE DE60128176T patent/DE60128176T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-04-04 US US09/825,059 patent/US6373016B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
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DE728612C (de) * | 1934-10-20 | 1942-11-30 | Siemens Ag | Schalter mit Lichtbogenkammer |
EP0419325A1 (fr) * | 1989-09-20 | 1991-03-27 | Telemecanique | Dispositif interrupteur limiteur de courant |
EP0887832A2 (fr) * | 1997-05-28 | 1998-12-30 | Eaton Corporation | Disjoncteur avec chambre d'acclereration de l'arc et logement pour bras de contact |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1858046A2 (fr) * | 2006-05-15 | 2007-11-21 | EATON Corporation | Mécanisme d'assistance de barre transversale et appareil de commutation électrique l'utilisant |
EP1858046A3 (fr) * | 2006-05-15 | 2009-06-03 | EATON Corporation | Mécanisme d'assistance de barre transversale et appareil de commutation électrique l'utilisant |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2807565A1 (fr) | 2001-10-12 |
DE60128176D1 (de) | 2007-06-14 |
US6373016B2 (en) | 2002-04-16 |
ES2284603T3 (es) | 2007-11-16 |
US20010027961A1 (en) | 2001-10-11 |
EP1146529B1 (fr) | 2007-05-02 |
FR2807565B1 (fr) | 2003-03-14 |
DE60128176T2 (de) | 2007-12-20 |
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