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EP1122494B1 - Gasbrenner zum Erwärmen eines Gasstromes in einem Kanal - Google Patents

Gasbrenner zum Erwärmen eines Gasstromes in einem Kanal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1122494B1
EP1122494B1 EP00403424A EP00403424A EP1122494B1 EP 1122494 B1 EP1122494 B1 EP 1122494B1 EP 00403424 A EP00403424 A EP 00403424A EP 00403424 A EP00403424 A EP 00403424A EP 1122494 B1 EP1122494 B1 EP 1122494B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
holes
burner according
gas
hole
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00403424A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1122494A1 (de
Inventor
Frédéric Bury
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA
Original Assignee
Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA filed Critical Entreprise Generale de Chauffage Industriel Pillard SA
Publication of EP1122494A1 publication Critical patent/EP1122494A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1122494B1 publication Critical patent/EP1122494B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
    • F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
    • F23C6/045—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure
    • F23C6/047—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure with fuel supply in stages
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/74—Preventing flame lift-off
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • F23G7/061—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating
    • F23G7/065—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases with supplementary heating using gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2201/00—Staged combustion
    • F23C2201/20—Burner staging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2201/00—Staged combustion
    • F23C2201/30—Staged fuel supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/21—Burners specially adapted for a particular use
    • F23D2900/21003—Burners specially adapted for a particular use for heating or re-burning air or gas in a duct

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a improvement to gas burners for heating of a gas flowing in a conduit.
  • burners indifferently the whole of a ramp composed of several elementary blocks or an elementary block in himself.
  • the main applications of the invention are the heating of the turbine gases in the co-generation facilities.
  • This post burner combustion improves the overall efficiency of the installation, to modulate the production of steam by according to needs and incidentally to maintain this production in case of shutdown of the gas turbine.
  • a fan that draws in ambient air supplies the oxidant necessary for the burners instead and place exhaust gases from the turbine.
  • Such burners must be able to operate with a stable flame under very conditions different either with turbine gas at temperature from 300 to 600 ° C and composed of 11 to 15% oxygen, i.e. with ambient air.
  • An example of this type of burner is described in European patent 313,469 published on 23 April 1989 on behalf of MECANIQUE GENERALE TURBINE FIREPLACES.
  • the problem is therefore to be able to realize and to operate a burner called "vein" in respecting the above regulatory values while preserving good flame stability.
  • a solution to the problem posed is a known type intended to be placed in a conduit for heating a gas circulating in this conduit and comprising a tube able to be arranged transversely relative to to the direction of circulation of said gas, supplied with gas fuel and drilled with at least two holes aligned on the same generator, possibly fitted with injectors, and making it possible to emit jets of combustible gas directed downstream; a flame stabilizer formed by two divergent wings forming a deflector on the part and on the other side of said generator, is fixed on said tube and serves to divert the flow of oxidant gas to create downstream of the burner bank a protected area where the flame can develop.
  • At least one of said holes is extended by tubing extending beyond the edges wings and pierced by at least one opening fuel gas ejection at its distal end.
  • Such tubing thus injects part of the combustible gas at for example at least 100 mm downstream other orifices not carrying tubing, allowing the staging of the injection of this gas and of the combustion flames obtained, and therefore the reduction in percentage of nitrogen oxides NOx produced: in fact, the main flame thus obtained by this injection stepped, and which is therefore further from the stabilizer deflector, is more airy; combustion occurs at stronger excess air therefore at lower temperature, this which produces a strong reduction in the formation of nitrogen oxides of mainly thermal origin, and the higher the staging, the more nitrogen oxides are reduced.
  • the present invention makes it possible inter alia to remedy this defect: the NOx reduction principle is still the spreading of the gas but this staging is performed axially instead of radial. To avoid CO formation is enough to keep by conventional orifices without tubing sufficient flow (less than 30% of the overall fuel gas flow) for create a pilot flame ensuring ignition and stability of the main flame from staged injection.
  • the distal end of the tubing has at least four different ejection ports and the gas can then be ejected through these various corner holes different instead of a single hole in the axis of the tube.
  • the axes of ejection of the orifices are inclined two by two on the one hand by an angle ⁇ of 20 to 50 ° on either side of the plane defined by the generator of alignment of the holes and the axis of the tube and on the other hand with an angle ⁇ of 10 to 30 ° on both sides from the plane perpendicular to the previous one and passing through the hole extended by said tubing.
  • These angles ⁇ and ⁇ are important for the quality of the results and should be determined according to the dimensions of the burner and of the fireplace on which it is mounted.
  • This tube 1 is supplied with combustible gas 10 and is drilled with at least two holes 3 per burner block, aligned on the same generator 18 parallel therefore to the axis XX 'of the tube; a flame stabilizer 2 formed by two diverging wings 12 forming deflectors of on either side of said generator 18 is fixed on said tube 1.
  • said deflector stabilizer 2 may include walls 13 1 , 13 2 forming reinforcing ribs at the ends, in the direction of axis XX ′, of the wings 12 of each burner block, as well as ribs 14 1 , 14 2 intermediate when the burner block has several holes 3 and therefore requires an intermediate reinforcement of the wings 2; these may include a break 22, towards their outer edges 17 downstream relative to the direction A of circulation of the oxidizing gases, to stiffen the latter and improve the aerodynamics of the burner block.
  • At least one of said holes 3 is extended by a tube 11 extending beyond the outer edges 17 of the wings 12 and pierced with at least one 9 gas ejection port 10 fuel to sound distal end.
  • the premix by Venturi system using a nozzle converging diverging 8 as shown in the Figure 2 and described in patent application EP 313 469 is not essential for the proper functioning of the burner: the present invention thus applies to all types of “vein” burners with stabilizer deflector, but including or not including such a device Venturi.
  • the distal end of the tubing 11 has several divergent ejection orifices 9 whose ejection axes are inclined by an angle ⁇ by relation to plan AA 'defined by the generator 18 of alignment of the holes 3 and the axis XX ′ of the tube 1, and of a angle ⁇ with respect to the plane BB 'perpendicular to the previous and passing through hole 3 extended by said tubing 11.
  • the number of orifices, their ejection angle ⁇ and ⁇ and their passage diameter are a function of the oxidizer speed and duct dimensions in which one has the burner, (and therefore the distance between the ramps that compose it), in order to be able adapt and optimize the penetration of fuel in the oxidizer vein.
  • said distal end 25 of tubing 11 may be interchangeable and fixed by a threading system or other.
  • their axes can be tilted two by two, with an angle ⁇ of 20 to 50 ° on either side of the plane AA ' and at an angle ⁇ of 10 to 30 ° on either side of the plane BB '.
  • a burner block such as that shown in Figure 2 can be easily modified by adding parts complementary corresponding to these fins 24 and arranged beyond the break 22 of the wings 12 corresponding to edges 17: the position and dimensions of these fins 24 having a significant effect on the results it is interesting to have the possibility to change them if necessary thanks to their realization by added piece.
  • the obstacle 15 possibly placed opposite one of the said holes 3 not extended by the pipe 11 can be worn, by a collar or fixing crown 16, on the tubing 11 with regard to the holes or orifices 3 ejection placed on either side thereof.
  • said obstacle 15 is for example cylindrical and its axis is perpendicular to that of hole 3 opposite which it is disposed.
  • this one may have at least three holes 3, one of which them 3 'is associated with the tubing 11, the obstacle 15 to a another hole 3 'adjacent to that associated with tubing 11 and the last hole is free.
  • a burner block can have a number of holes in any fact, for example between two and ten and the tubing 11 can be arranged in a regular manner for example in every second hole, every third hole or one hole in four, etc ...
  • the following burner block the invention comprises five holes 3 in which the tubing 11 is associated with the central hole, the two holes adjacent to it being associated with an obstacle 15 and the two end holes being free.
  • Such burners according to the invention may also include elements characteristic of the burners, as described in patent EP 313 469, and such as in particular, in front of at least one hole 3 2 not extended by a pipe 11 and coaxial with that here, a diverging convergent nozzle 8 capable of causing the gas jet ejected through said hole 3 2 to create a vacuum at the inlet of the nozzle 8, as shown in FIG. 4.
  • Said inlet communicates with the external face or extra back of at least one of the wings 12 of the stabilizer 2 through at least one opening 7.
  • the space between the nozzles 8 and the tube 1 is closed by two wall elements 4 fixed on the tube and arranged almost parallel to the plane defined by the generator 18 for aligning the holes 3 and the axis XX 'of the tube 1 and by a front wall 5 connected to said wall elements 4 and carrying the nozzles; the openings 7 are drilled in said wall elements 4.
  • the obstacle 15 may be a cylindrical tube with a diameter d 15 of approximately 10 mm and placed at a distance a of the order of 25 mm from the outlet of the nozzles 8; the length L 15 of such obstacles fixed on the pipe 11 can be of the order of 85 to 90 mm depending on the distance separating two adjacent holes or orifices 3; the diameter D 1 of the fuel supply tube is of the order of 85 to 90 mm.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Brenner, der dazu bestimmt ist, in einer Leitung angeordnet zu werden, um ein Gas zu erhitzen, das in dieser Leitung zirkuliert, wobei der Brenner ein Rohr (1) mit einer Achse XX' aufweist, das dazu bestimmt ist, quer in Bezug auf die Richtung A der Zirkulation des Gases angeordnet zu werden, und das mit Brenngas (10) gespeist wird und von zumindest zwei Löchern (3) durchdrungen ist, die auf ein und derselben Mantellinie (18) ausgerichtet sind, und mit einem Flammenstabilisator (2), der durch zwei divergierende Flügel (12) gebildet ist, die eine Ablenkfläche auf der einen und der anderen Seite der genannten Mantellinie (18) bilden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zumindest eines der genannten Löcher (3) durch einen Rohrstutzen (11) verlängert ist, der sich über die äußeren Ränder (17) der Flügel (12) hinaus erstreckt und von zumindest einer Öffnung (9) zum Ausstoß des Brenngases (10) an seinem distalen Endabschnitt durchbrochen ist.
  2. Brenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der distale Endabschnitt (25) des Rohrstutzens (11) austauschbar sein kann.
  3. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der distale Endabschnitt des Rohrstutzens (11) mehrere divergente Ausstoßöffnungen (9) aufweist.
  4. Brenner nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der distale Endabschnitt (25) zumindest vier Ausstoßöffnungen (9) aufweist, deren Achsen unter einem Winkel β von 20° bis 50° beiderseits der Ebene geneigt angeordnet sind, die durch die Mantellinie (18) der Ausrichtung der Löcher (3) und der Achse XX' des Rohrs (1) festgelegt ist, und unter einem Winkel α von 10° bis 30° beiderseits der Ebene, die senkrecht zu der vorgenannten Ebene ist und durch das Loch (3) hindurchgeht, das durch den Rohrstutzen (11) verlängert ist.
  5. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er zumindest ein Hindernis (15) aufweist, das gegenüberliegend zu einem der Löcher (3) angeordnet ist, das nicht durch den Rohrstutzen (11) verlängert ist.
  6. Brenner nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das genannte Hindernis (15) durch den Rohrstutzen (11) gehalten ist.
  7. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das genannte Hindernis (15) zylindrisch ist und daß seine Achse senkrecht zu der des Lochs (3) ist, gegenüber dem es angeordnet ist.
  8. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7 und mit zumindest drei Löchern (3), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Rohrstutzen (11) einem der Löcher (31) zugeordnet ist und das Hindernis (15) einem Loch (32) benachbart zu dem, das dem Rohrstutzen (11) zugeordnet ist, wobei das letzte Loch frei ist.
  9. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 8, und mit fünf Löchern (3), dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Rohrstutzen (11) dem zentralen Loch zugeordnet ist, wobei die beiden diesem benachbarten Löcher einem Hindernis (15) zugeordnet sind und die beiden endseitig angeordneten Löcher frei sind.
  10. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er komplementäre Hilfsflügel (24) aufweist, die die äußeren Ränder (17) der Flügeln verlängern, und Öffnungen (21), die in diesen Hilfsflügeln (24) angeordnet sind und die dazu bestimmt sind, einen Teil des in der Leitung zirkulierenden Gases durchzulassen und diesen in Richtung auf die Flammenwurzel des Brenners einzuleiten.
  11. Brenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er vor zumindest einem Loch (32), das nicht durch einen Rohrstutzen (11) verlängert ist, und koaxial zu diesem, eine konvergente und divergente Düse (8) aufweist, die so eingerichtet ist, daß der durch das genannte Loch (32) ausgestoßene Gasstrahl einen Unterdruck am Eintritt der Düse (8) erzeugt, wobei dieser Eintritt mit der Außenfläche von zumindest einem der Flügel (12) des Stabilisators (2) über zumindest eine Öffnung (7) in Verbindung steht.
  12. Brenner nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zwischenraum zwischen den Düsen (8) und dem Rohr (1) durch zwei Wandelemente (4) geschlossen ist, die auf dem Rohr fixiert sind und quasi parallel zu der Ebene angeordnet sind, die durch die Mantellinie (18) der Ausrichtung der Löcher (3) und der Achse XX' des Rohrs (1) festgelegt ist, und durch eine frontale Wand (5), die mit den genannten Wandelementen (4) verbunden ist und die Düsen (8) trägt, wobei die Öffnungen (7) in den Wandelementen (4) angeordnet sind.
EP00403424A 2000-02-04 2000-12-06 Gasbrenner zum Erwärmen eines Gasstromes in einem Kanal Expired - Lifetime EP1122494B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0001455A FR2804748B1 (fr) 2000-02-04 2000-02-04 Perfectionnement aux bruleurs a gaz pour le chauffage d'un gaz circulant dans un conduit
FR0001455 2000-02-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1122494A1 EP1122494A1 (de) 2001-08-08
EP1122494B1 true EP1122494B1 (de) 2004-04-14

Family

ID=8846686

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00403424A Expired - Lifetime EP1122494B1 (de) 2000-02-04 2000-12-06 Gasbrenner zum Erwärmen eines Gasstromes in einem Kanal

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US6409502B2 (de)
EP (1) EP1122494B1 (de)
DE (1) DE60009854D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2219282T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2804748B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6929470B1 (en) * 2002-10-30 2005-08-16 Coen Company, Inc. Low NOx duct burner
EP2045523B1 (de) 2007-10-02 2017-05-03 AC Boilers S.p.A. Nachverbrennungs-Brenner für Erdgas und niederkalorische Gase mit hoher Effizienz und geringen Stickstoffoxidemissionen
EP2085695A1 (de) * 2008-01-29 2009-08-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Brennstoffdüse mit Drallkanal und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Brennstoffdüse
EP2218965A1 (de) * 2009-02-16 2010-08-18 Total Petrochemicals Research Feluy Brenner mit niedrigen NOx-Werten
WO2014081334A1 (en) * 2012-11-21 2014-05-30 General Electric Company Anti-coking liquid fuel cartridge
BE1024480B1 (nl) * 2016-08-08 2018-03-09 Agrofrost, Naamloze Vennootschap Gasbrander voor sterke luchtstroom

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3494712A (en) * 1968-07-01 1970-02-10 Coen Co Duct burner
US3649211A (en) * 1970-02-05 1972-03-14 Coen Co Air augmented duct burner
US3843309A (en) * 1973-03-07 1974-10-22 Gen Electric Liquid fuel grid burner for vitiated air using auxiliary combustion air
US4375952A (en) * 1979-09-07 1983-03-08 Coen Company, Inc. Wall fired duct heater
US4523905A (en) * 1983-07-21 1985-06-18 Nu-Way Energy Limited Burner for gaseous fuels
JPS62123208A (ja) * 1985-11-21 1987-06-04 Hitachi Zosen Corp 追焚き用低ＮＯｘダクトバ−ナ
US4767319A (en) * 1987-03-27 1988-08-30 Coen Company Duct burner
FR2622277B1 (fr) 1987-10-23 1990-02-23 Mecanique Gle Foyers Turbine S Bruleur a gaz pour le chauffage d'un courant d'air ou autre gaz comburant
DE3830038A1 (de) * 1988-09-03 1990-03-08 Gaswaerme Inst Ev Brenner und verfahren zu seinem betreiben
EP0654637A1 (de) * 1993-11-19 1995-05-24 GIERSCH GmbH Gasbrenner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE60009854D1 (de) 2004-05-19
EP1122494A1 (de) 2001-08-08
US20010012603A1 (en) 2001-08-09
FR2804748B1 (fr) 2002-04-12
FR2804748A1 (fr) 2001-08-10
US6409502B2 (en) 2002-06-25
ES2219282T3 (es) 2004-12-01

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