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EP1094962B1 - Optimized communication method for radio-assisted traffic services - Google Patents

Optimized communication method for radio-assisted traffic services Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1094962B1
EP1094962B1 EP99944259A EP99944259A EP1094962B1 EP 1094962 B1 EP1094962 B1 EP 1094962B1 EP 99944259 A EP99944259 A EP 99944259A EP 99944259 A EP99944259 A EP 99944259A EP 1094962 B1 EP1094962 B1 EP 1094962B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gateway
fixed
objects
information
mobile
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EP99944259A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1094962A2 (en
Inventor
Tanja Woywod
Thomas Hofmann
Marc Thom
Fabrice Stein
Volker Pliquett
Detlef Kendelbacher
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Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
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Siemens AG
Siemens Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
    • B61L27/70—Details of trackside communication
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L3/00—Devices along the route for controlling devices on the vehicle or train, e.g. to release brake or to operate a warning signal
    • B61L3/16—Continuous control along the route
    • B61L3/22—Continuous control along the route using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using electromagnetic radiation
    • B61L3/227—Continuous control along the route using magnetic or electrostatic induction; using electromagnetic radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/20—Manipulation of established connections
    • H04W76/22—Manipulation of transport tunnels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L2205/00—Communication or navigation systems for railway traffic
    • B61L2205/02—Global system for mobile communication - railways [GSM-R]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an optimized communication method for radio-based traffic services and is applicable, for example, to rail services.
  • a mobile radio system can be used, as it is already used for voice and data transmission and is described for example in EP 0 726 689 A2 and US 4,748,655.
  • a mobile radio network is known in which a communication between mobile instances, for example on trains, and fixed instances via a Exchange (MSC) takes place.
  • MSC Mobile Multimedia Subsystem
  • fixed, portable or vehicle-mounted gateways take the place of mobile devices of a conventional GSM network. Therefore, connected to the gateways mobile radios can be operated with lower power.
  • Addressing information of mobile radios, which connect to a gateway are stored in the associated gateways and transmitted via a fixed connection or via a radio interface to the exchange.
  • fixed entities can always reach a mobile radio in the area of one of the gateways via the information stored in the exchange and in the gateways.
  • the data to be transmitted for the control of railway vehicles are, in contrast to the radiotelephone data, relevant to safety because they are incorporated directly into the vehicle control system. It is therefore appropriate to ensure that the data on its way from the data source to the data sink can not be corrupted or lost. For the protection of such data cryptological methods are often used today.
  • a special feature of the railway operation is that the data to be transmitted to the trains are provided decentrally by individual signal boxes or control centers. As long as the data transmission took place via line conductors, a train was always connected to a single control center and automatically switched to the responsible control center when entering a following route. In the Funkzugbeeinlung, for example, a known from the above-mentioned US 4,748,655 mobile network, this is due to the local conditions of the track system automatic assignment to the respective control center no longer exists. Rather, the vehicle or the respectively used must Control station due to the respective known location of the vehicle on the track either prompt the following control center to connect to the train approaching their track area or cause the vehicle to record this connection.
  • each train has a fixed proxy in a trackside gateway computer (fixed relationship between mobile instance and gateway computer).
  • a trackside gateway computer fixed relationship between mobile instance and gateway computer.
  • calls and data must always be routed through a fixed node, no matter where the train is.
  • the resulting communication paths are therefore long, resulting in high operating costs.
  • the proxy relationships to the mobile instances in each gateway computer and each mobile instance must be individually configured and maintained, which leads to high configuration and maintenance costs.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an optimized communication method for radio-based transport services, which allows simple means reliable data traffic over effective communication paths with only one radio transmission channel between the mobile instances and the fixed instances and minimizes the cost of system setup, system update and system maintenance ,
  • This object is achieved by the features in the characterizing part of claim 1 in conjunction with the features in the preamble.
  • Advantageous embodiments of the invention are contained in the subclaims.
  • a particular advantage of the invention is that in addition to the fixed central services and the stationary decentralized control points in the Kirettechnik several decentralized stationary gateway computers are introduced, the communication between the mobile and the fixed instances is realized via the gateway computer, such that for the mobile instances (trains A to D) communicating with the gateway computers (gateway 1 to gateway n), in the gateway computer (gateway 1 to gateway n) and in the fixed ones Instances (RBC1 to RBCm, ZD1 to ZDx) in each case one representative instance and for the fixed instances (RBC1 to RBCm, ZD1 to ZDx) which communicate with the gateway technicians (gateway 1 to gateway n) in the gateway computer (gateway 1 to gateway n) Substitute instances are set up, wherein for a plurality of stationary instances (RBC1 to RBCm, ZD1 to ZDx) in a gateway computer (gateway 1 or ...
  • representative instances can be set up and via an update procedure between the representative instances in the gateway computer (gateway 1 to gateway n) and the fixed instances (RBC1 to RBCm, ZD1 to ZDx), the proxy information in the gateway computer (gateway 15 to gateway n) and in the fixed instances (RBC1 to RBCm, ZD1 to ZDx) are updated so that the fixed entities (RBC1 to RBCm, ZD1 to ZDx) always have knowledge of which gateway computers (gateway 1 to gateway n) communicate with which mobile entities (trains A to D), only those stationary instances (RBC1 to RBCm, ZD1 to ZDx) are informed, which are also registered in the gateway computer (gateway 1 to gateway n), whereby they are able to access the respective gateway computer (gateway 1 to gateway n) connect existing connection to the respective mobile instance (trains A to D) and use this connection with.
  • the gateway computers may, for example, be arranged in the vicinity of switching nodes in order to save line routes.
  • the gateway computers control the communication between mobile and fixed entities.
  • the initiative for communication can take place independently from the mobile side, from central services or decentralized control points.
  • information servers can be set up in the traffic network if required, which can also communicate as fixed instances with gateway computers, central services and decentralized control stations.
  • a common gateway computer for communication is temporarily and independently selected from both mobile and fixed sides.
  • Mobile instances can reach all fixed instances mapped in the gateway computer as proxy instances via a radio channel.
  • Stationary entities can independently of one another via the representative image select the correct gateway computer, which representative instance of the means of transport, for example the train, is and thus use a common radio channel to the mobile entity.
  • Another significant advantage is that stationary instances at the time of communication need to mobile instances do not have to start with the search of a gateway computer, via which the mobile instance possibly communicates instantaneously (no pollen of the gateway computer needed). Because the information about the communication between the gateway computer and mobile instances is present, the fixed instance can immediately select the correct gateway computer for connection to the existing radio connection to the mobile instance.
  • gateway computer for the communication (possibly according to criteria of an optimal length of the communication path) can be selected.
  • a further advantage is that with the aid of the described communication method it is also possible to reach mobile entities which are unknown to the stationary entities (dynamic directory).
  • the update method optimizes the information transfer by informing only those fixed instances which are also registered in the gateway computer and have a representative instance. Furthermore, only change messages are transmitted between the gateway computer and the registered stationary instances, so that the information exchange is also optimized thereby.
  • the update information may possibly be preprocessed and decoupled from the time of their creation to the instances, thereby distributing network loads better.
  • decentralized gateway computers and information servers can be kept in the transport network and the transport network can be expanded if required.
  • the requirements for the functionality of the transport network are minimal due to the introduction of the decentralized optimized method (for example, no location update is required in the fixed network).
  • Information servers may provide directory assistance services to certain rail services or certain mobile entities (z, B, train types), thereby minimizing update communication overhead, e.g.
  • z, B certain mobile entities
  • a direct update procedure can be realized by means of a gateway computer, eg for frequent communication with mobile entities. This makes the structures and the communication adaptable to the requirements of the traffic operation.
  • a representative body is set up in the gateway computer for mobile instances that communicate with a gateway computer, for stationary instances that communicate with the gateway computer, a proxy instance is also set up in the gateway and in each fixed instance that in a gateway computer has a representative body, information about representatives of mobile instances of this gateway computer is set up.
  • An update procedure between the proxy instances in the gateway computer and the fixed entities updates the proxy information in the gateway computer and in the fixed instances in case of changes (e.g., setting up a new proxy instance upon receiving the radio communication to another platoon).
  • the update procedure is optimized with regard to the requirements of runtime, throughput and the like.
  • Central services and decentralized control devices can decide on the basis of the available information whether the mobile instance is currently registered in one of the known gateway computers and, if so, in which gateway computer. Based on this decision, the selection for the correct gateway computer, which already communicates with the train, take place. If no proxy information is available via the mobile instances, a separate selection of the gateway computer can take place (for example, according to the criterion of the optimal communication path).
  • Another optimization step consists in the activation of information servers for cascading the update information, as shown in FIG.
  • the information about reachable mobile entities and associated gateway computers is not maintained in the central services and remote control sites but in an intermediary fixed information server.
  • An update procedure works between information server and gateway computer.
  • the information server thus has compressed information about accessible mobile instances of various gateway computers. This information may be from other fixed entities that mobile communicators want to reach, be retrieved (information function). If desired, the information server can take the initiative to communicate with fixed instances and filter and distribute update information (Change Service). Also mixed variants with and without the interposition of information servers are possible, as shown in Figure 3.
  • the particular implementation depends on the communication requirements of the applications (eg frequency of communication, time requirements).
  • the number of mobile and fixed representative instances per gateway computer is arbitrary. Likewise, any number of gateway computers and information servers can be installed in a railway network. The method of selecting the gateway computers is the same for centralized services and distributed controllers.
  • a decentralized gateway computer is selected by the network (according to defined criteria).
  • a representative instance of the mobile instance is set up.
  • update information about the representative instance is then distributed to all registered fixed instances. In these instances, the information about the accessibility of the mobile instance and about the associated decentralized gateway computer is thus available.
  • the proxy instance in the first gateway computer is deleted.
  • the update procedure updates the proxy information for all reported fixed instances.
  • Each fixed instance can connect to a gateway computer. If not every stationary instance has to communicate with each gateway computer, restrictions may exist in the fixed instance with which gateway computers are to be contacted. Furthermore, restrictions may also exist on the selection and the scope of the update information that is to be exchanged between a gateway computer and the fixed entity (for example, only update information about high-speed trains can be selectively transmitted to the stationary entity).
  • a fixed instance initiates the communication to a gateway computer
  • a representative instance is set up in this gateway computer.
  • a profile can be set up via the desired update messages.
  • the gateway computer uses the update protocol to transfer the current image of the mobile proxy instances (possibly selected according to criteria of the update profile) to the fixed instance.
  • the information about the accessible mobile instances of the gateway computer is therefore available in the fixed instance.
  • a fixed rail service can provide a data connection to build the mobile instance via the currently used by the mobile instance gateway computer.
  • the fixed entity that connects to a gateway computer may also be an information server.
  • the directory of the mobile instance representatives of the gateway computer is set up in the information server.
  • Central services and remote control stations can either communicate directly with a gateway computer or obtain information about mobile instances in gateway computers via information servers.
  • information servers In the case of the use of an information server, the communication between the information server and the gateway computer is handled in the same manner as between the train service and the gateway computer in the case without an information server.
  • the fixed rail services are not included in the update process between information server and gateway computer in this case.
  • the connection setup from the fixed to the mobile instance is divided into two steps using the information server.
  • First step Transmission of signaling information between fixed entity and information server. This communication serves the destination search (information about the gateway computer to be selected).
  • the communication between stationary instance and information server can be initiated both by the rail service (call information), as well as on the initiative of the information server (change service). After signaling, the communication between stationary train service and information server is terminated.
  • Second step Establishment of the data connection between stationary train service and mobile entity via the determined gateway computer.
  • a stationary instance terminates communication with a gateway computer
  • the update procedure for this fixed instance is ended.
  • the representative of the fixed instance in the gateway computer is deleted.
  • Information about changes of proxy instances in the gateway computer will no longer be transferred to the fixed instance in the future.
  • the application data traffic of IIA and IIB always runs directly via a gateway computer without the interposition of an information server.
  • Various requirements can be placed on the transmission of the different types of data. For example, high time and availability requirements may be placed on the transmission of data between mobile entities and remote controllers.
  • the data type IIB eg diagnosis
  • the data type IIB can have shorter time requirements and have the character of mass data. If necessary, such data can be selected, compressed and preprocessed in the gateway computer. Also possible is a transfer depending on defined Threshold criteria or if there is a radio connection for other applications and available resources.
  • the data of the update method IIC are not user data, but auxiliary information for the transmission of change messages between a gateway computer and the connected stationary instances (central services, remote control stations or information servers). If an information server is used, the update data is transferred between the information server and the gateway computer. Stationary train services can determine the responsible gateway computer of a mobile instance by accessing the current directories in the information server and then communicate with the mobile entity via this gateway computer. Otherwise, the update data is transmitted directly between the gateway computer and the fixed rail service.

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Abstract

An optimized communications system for radio-assisted traffic services such as railroad services. In addition to the fixed-position central services and the fixed-position decentralized control centers, one or more decentralized gateway computers are introduced into the traffic network, with the communication between the mobile objects and the fixed-position objects being provided via the gateway computers.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein optimiertes Kommunikationsverfahren für funkgestützte Verkehrsdienste und ist anwendbar beispielsweise für Bahndienste.The invention relates to an optimized communication method for radio-based traffic services and is applicable, for example, to rail services.

Für die Steuerung des Bahnbetriebes kommt gemäß dem Stand der Technik eine punkt- oder linienförmige Zugbeeinflussung zur Anwendung. Bei der punktförmigen Zugbeeinflussung werden an ortsfesten Beeinflussungseinrichtungen bestimmte in ihrer Menge begrenzte Informationen an die vorüberlaufenden Fahrzeuge übermittelt, die dort ausgewertet und ggf. weiterverarbeitet werden. Bei linienförmigen Zugbeeinflussungen ist eine quasi ständige Informationsübermittlung von der Strecke an die Fahrzeuge und ggf. auch in Gegenrichtung möglich, bei der sehr viel mehr Informationen zur Fahrzeugsteuerung und Fahrzeugüberwachung ausgetauscht werden können. üblicherweise erfolgt die Informationsübertragung mittels im Gleis verlegter Linienleiter, an die mindestens einzelne Fahrzeuge der die Strecke passierenden Züge induktiv angekoppelt sind. Der Aufwand für die Installation, den Betrieb und die Wartung der im Gleis verlegten Linienleiter ist beträchtlich. Aus diesem Grunde ist auch bereits vorgeschlagen worden, die Daten zwischen den einzelnen Instanzen per Funk zu übertragen. Hierfür kann ein Mobilfunksystem zur Anwendung kommen, wie es bereits für die Sprach- und Datenübermittlung verwendet wird und beispielsweise in der EP 0 726 689 A2 und der US 4,748,655 beschrieben ist. Aus der US 4,748,655 ist ein Mobilfunknetz bekannt, bei dem eine Kommunikation zwischen mobilen Instanzen, beispielsweise auf Zügen, und ortsfesten Instanzen über eine Vermittlungsstelle (MSC) stattfindet. Dabei treten ortfeste, tragbare oder auf Fahrzeugen angeordnete Gateways an die Stelle von Mobilfunkgeräten eines konventionellen GSM-Netzes. An die Gateways angeschlossene mobile Funkgeräte können daher mit kleinerer Leistung betrieben werden. Adressierungsinformationen mobiler Funkgeräte, die mit einem Gateway Verbindung aufnehmen, werden in den zugehörigen Gateways gespeichert und über eine ortsfeste Verbindung oder über eine Funkschnittstelle an die Vermittlungsstelle übermittelt. Somit können ortsfeste Instanzen über die in der Vermittlungsstelle und in den Gateways gespeicherten Informationen jederzeit ein mobiles Funkgerät im Bereich eines der Gateways erreichen.For the control of railway operation is according to the prior art, a point or line-shaped train control used. In the case of punctiform train control, certain information limited in their quantity is transmitted to the passing vehicles at stationary influencing devices, which information is evaluated there and optionally further processed. With linear train influences a quasi-permanent information transmission from the track to the vehicles and possibly also in the opposite direction is possible in which much more information can be exchanged for vehicle control and vehicle monitoring. Usually, the information is transmitted by means of laid in the track line conductor to which at least individual vehicles of the route passing trains are inductively coupled. The expense of installing, operating and maintaining the line conductors laid in the track is considerable. For this reason, it has also been proposed to transmit the data between the individual instances by radio. For this purpose, a mobile radio system can be used, as it is already used for voice and data transmission and is described for example in EP 0 726 689 A2 and US 4,748,655. From US 4,748,655 a mobile radio network is known in which a communication between mobile instances, for example on trains, and fixed instances via a Exchange (MSC) takes place. In this case, fixed, portable or vehicle-mounted gateways take the place of mobile devices of a conventional GSM network. Therefore, connected to the gateways mobile radios can be operated with lower power. Addressing information of mobile radios, which connect to a gateway, are stored in the associated gateways and transmitted via a fixed connection or via a radio interface to the exchange. As a result, fixed entities can always reach a mobile radio in the area of one of the gateways via the information stored in the exchange and in the gateways.

Die zur Steuerung von Bahnfahrzeugen zu übermittelnden Daten sind im Gegensatz zu den Sprechfunkdaten sicherheitsrelevant, weil sie direkt in die Fahrzeugsteuerung einfließen. Es ist daher auf geeignete Weise dafür Sorge zu tragen, daß die Daten auf ihrem Wege von der Datenquelle zur Datensenke nicht verfälscht werden oder verloren gehen können. Für die Sicherung solcher Daten werden heute vielfach kryptologische Verfahren angewendet.The data to be transmitted for the control of railway vehicles are, in contrast to the radiotelephone data, relevant to safety because they are incorporated directly into the vehicle control system. It is therefore appropriate to ensure that the data on its way from the data source to the data sink can not be corrupted or lost. For the protection of such data cryptological methods are often used today.

Eine Besonderheit des Bahnbetriebes ist es, dass die auf die Züge zu übermittelnden Daten dezentral von einzelnen Stellwerken oder Leitstellen bereitgestellt werden. Solange die Datenübertragung über Linienleiter erfolgte, war ein Zug stets mit einer einzigen Leitstelle verbunden und wechselte beim Einfahren in einen folgenden Streckenbereich automatisch zu der dafür zuständigen Leitstelle. Bei der Funkzugbeeinflussung, beispielsweise über ein aus der oben erläuterten US 4,748,655 bekanntes Mobilfunknetz, ist diese durch die örtlichen Gegebenheiten der Gleisanlage bedingte automatische Zuordnung zur jeweils zuständigen Leitstelle nicht mehr gegeben. Vielmehr muss das Fahrzeug oder die jeweils befahrene Steuerstelle aufgrund des jeweils bekannten Fahrortes des Fahrzeuges auf der Strecke entweder die folgende Steuerzentrale dazu auffordern, Verbindung mit dem sich ihrem Streckenbereich nähernden Zug aufzunehmen oder aber das Fahrzeug dazu veranlassen, diese Verbindung aufzunehmen. Dazu wird jeweils eine bestimmte Zeitspanne in der Größenordnung von bis zu 10s benötigt. In dieser Zeit hat das Triebfahrzeug eines Zuges noch Verbindung mit der Steuerzentrale des von ihm befahrene Streckenbereiches und es ist damit beschäftigt, mit der Steuerzentrale des folgenden Bereiches in Verbindung zu treten. Auf dem Fahrzeug werden hierfür zwingend mindestens zwei Funkgeräte benötigt.A special feature of the railway operation is that the data to be transmitted to the trains are provided decentrally by individual signal boxes or control centers. As long as the data transmission took place via line conductors, a train was always connected to a single control center and automatically switched to the responsible control center when entering a following route. In the Funkzugbeeinflussung, for example, a known from the above-mentioned US 4,748,655 mobile network, this is due to the local conditions of the track system automatic assignment to the respective control center no longer exists. Rather, the vehicle or the respectively used must Control station due to the respective known location of the vehicle on the track either prompt the following control center to connect to the train approaching their track area or cause the vehicle to record this connection. In each case a certain period of time of the order of magnitude of up to 10 seconds is required. During this time, the locomotive of a train still has connection with the control center of the it traveled area and it is busy to connect with the control center of the following area. At least two radios are required for this on the vehicle.

Ein sehr großes Problem hinsichtlich der Datenübertragung in dezentralen Anlagen, wie Bahnanlagen, stellen auch die zentralen Dienste z.B. für Disposition und zentrale Diagnose dar. Entweder werden für diese zentralen Dienste gesonderte Funkkanäle zur Verfügung gestellt, was wegen der begrenzten Ressourcen aber kaum möglich ist, oder aber diese zentralen Dienste kommunizieren mit den Zügen über die Kommunikationsbausteine der dezentralen Steuerungen. Dann aber muss die Verbindung zwischen den zentralen Diensten und den Zügen ständig auf die aktuellen Fahrorte der Züge nachgeführt werden, d. h. die Daten der zentralen Dienste müssen fortlaufend auf die Kommunikationsbausteine der benachbarten Steuerstellen geschaltet werden. Hierdurch entstehende Lücken in der Übermittlung der Daten, insbesondere durch Synchronisationsvorgänge, in der Größenordnung einiger Sekunden. Außerdem ist bei dieser Konstellation von Nachteil, dass zentrale Dienste, die eine Anforderung an ein Fahrzug stellen, zunächst einmal feststellen müssen, welche Steuerstelle derzeit Verbindung hat mit dem betreffenden Fahrzeug.A very big problem with regard to the data transmission in decentralized systems, such as railway systems, are also the central services eg for disposition and central diagnosis. Either separate radio channels are made available for these central services, which is hardly possible because of the limited resources, or but these central services communicate with the trains via the communication modules of the decentralized control systems. But then the connection between the central services and the trains must be constantly tracked to the current locations of the trains, ie the data of the central services must be continuously switched to the communication modules of the neighboring control points. The resulting gaps in the transmission of the data, in particular by synchronization operations, in the order of a few seconds. In addition, in this constellation, it is disadvantageous that central services that make a request to a train first have to determine which control station is currently connected to the relevant vehicle.

Bei einer zentralen Kommunikationseinrichtung gemäß der DE 197 21 246 werden diese Nachteile vermieden, indem ein zusatzlicher zentraler Gatewayrechner eingeführt wird, der eine kontinuierliche Verbindung zu den dem Gatewayrechner fest zugeordneten Zügen ermöglicht. Der Wechsel der Verbindung zu den dezentralen Instanzen erfolgt dabei nur auf der Festseite zwischen Gatewayrechner und dezentraler Instanz. Die Erreichbarkeit von mobilen und festen Instanzen ist in diesem Fall durch eine feste Beziehung zwischen mobiler Instanz und Gatewayrechner gegeben.In a central communication device according to DE 197 21 246 these disadvantages are avoided by an additional central gateway computer is introduced, which allows a continuous connection to the gateway computer dedicated trains. The change of the connection to the decentralized instances takes place only on the fixed side between gateway computer and decentralized instance. The accessibility of mobile and fixed instances is given in this case by a fixed relationship between mobile instance and gateway computer.

Die Nachteile dieser Lösung bestehen in langen Kommunikationswegen zwischen mobilen und festen Instanzen durch die Einführung eines ortsfesten zentralen Gatewayrechners, über welchen die Kommunikation zum mobilen Instanzen unabhängig von seinem Aufenthaltsort verläuft. Weiterhin ist die Einrichtung und Pflege der Beziehungen zwischen den mobilen Instanzen und ihren zugeordneten Gatewayrechnern im Fahrzeug und im ortsfesten Gatewayrechner notwendig.
Zusammengefasst bestehen die Probleme beim bekannten Stand der Technik darin, dass bei Realisierungen gemäß dem dezentralen Lösungsansatz zentrale Instanzen das Problem haben, diejenigen dezentralen Instanzen zu ermitteln, die eine Verbindung zum Zug haben, um sich auf diese Verbindung aufzuschalten. Unbekannte mobile Instanzen können mit diesem Verfahren nicht erreicht werden, da keine Informationen über deren Aufenthaltsort in den ortsfesten Instanzen vorliegen. Beim Wechsel der zuständigen dezentralen Instanz wird eine neue Verbindung zur nächsten dezentralen Instanz hergestellt. Dafür wird ein zweites Mobilfunkgerät benötigt. Alle Verbindungen der zentralen Instanzen müssen ebenfalls auf die neue Funkverbindung überwechseln (hopping).The disadvantages of this solution consist in long communication paths between mobile and fixed entities by the introduction of a fixed central gateway computer, via which the communication to the mobile instances is independent of his whereabouts. Furthermore, the establishment and maintenance of the relationships between the mobile entities and their associated gateway computers in the vehicle and in the fixed gateway computer is necessary.
In summary, the problems with the prior art are that, in implementations according to the decentralized approach, central entities have the problem of identifying those remote entities that have a connection to the train to connect to that link. Unknown mobile instances can not be reached with this method because there is no information about their location in the fixed instances. When changing the competent decentralized instance, a new connection to the next decentralized instance is established. This requires a second mobile device. All connections of the central instances must also transfer to the new radio connection (hopping).

Bei Realisierungen gemäß dem zentralen Lösungsansatz hat jeder Zug einen festen Stellvertreter in einem streckenseitigen Gatewayrechner (feste Beziehung zwischen mobiler Instanz und Gatewayrechner). Dadurch müssen Rufe und Daten immer über einen ortsfesten Knoten geführt werden, unabhängig davon, wo der Zug sich befindet. Die entstehenden Kommunikationswege sind demzufolge lang, woraus hohe Betriebskosten resultieren. Außerdem müssen die Stellvertreterbeziehungen zu den mobilen Instanzen in jedem Gatewayrechner und jeder mobilen Instanz individuell konfiguriert und gepflegt werden, was zu hohen Projektierungs- und Wartungskosten führt.In realizations according to the central approach, each train has a fixed proxy in a trackside gateway computer (fixed relationship between mobile instance and gateway computer). As a result, calls and data must always be routed through a fixed node, no matter where the train is. The resulting communication paths are therefore long, resulting in high operating costs. In addition, the proxy relationships to the mobile instances in each gateway computer and each mobile instance must be individually configured and maintained, which leads to high configuration and maintenance costs.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein optimiertes Kommunikationsverfahren für funkgestützte Verkehrsdienste zu schaffen, welches mit einfachen Mitteln einen zuverlässigen Datenverkehr über effektive Kommunikationswege mit nur einem Funkübertragungskanal zwischen den mobilen Instanzen und den ortsfesten Instanzen ermöglicht und den Aufwand für die Systemeinrichtung, Systemaktualisierung und Systemwartung minimiert.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gelöst durch die Merkmale im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruches 1 in Verbindung mit den Merkmalen im Oberbegriff. Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen enthalten.The invention has for its object to provide an optimized communication method for radio-based transport services, which allows simple means reliable data traffic over effective communication paths with only one radio transmission channel between the mobile instances and the fixed instances and minimizes the cost of system setup, system update and system maintenance ,
This object is achieved by the features in the characterizing part of claim 1 in conjunction with the features in the preamble. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are contained in the subclaims.

Ein besonderer Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, dass neben den ortsfesten zentralen Diensten und den ortsfesten dezentralen Steuerstellen in das Verkehrsetzwerk mehrere dezentrale ortfeste Gatewayrechner eingeführt werden, wobei die Kommunikation zwischen den mobilen und den ortsfesten Instanzen über die Gatewayrechner realisiert wird, derart, dass für die mobilen Instanzen (Züge A bis D), die mit den Gatewayrechnern (Gateway 1 bis Gateway n) kommunizieren, im Gatewayrechner (Gateway 1 bis Gateway n) und in den ortsfesten Instanzen (RBC1 bis RBCm, ZD1 bis ZDx) je eine Stellvertreterinstanz und für die ortsfesten Instanzen (RBC1 bis RBCm, ZD1 bis ZDx), die mit den Gatewaytechnern (Gateway 1 bis Gateway n) kommunizieren, im Gatewayrechner (Gateway 1 bis Gateway n) Stellvertreterinstanzen eingerichtet werden, wobei für mehrere ortsfeste Instanzen (RBC1 bis RBCm, ZD1 bis ZDx) in einem Gatewayrechner (Gateway 1 oder ... oder Gateway n) Stellvertreterinstanzen eingerichtet werden können und
über ein Updateverfahren zwischen den Stellvertreterinstanzen im Gatewayrechner (Gateway 1 bis Gateway n) und den ortsfesten Instanzen (RBC1 bis RBCm, ZD1 bis ZDx) die Stellvertreterinformation im Gatewayrechner (Gateway 1 5 bis Gateway n) und in den ortsfesten Instanzen (RBC1 bis RBCm, ZD1 bis ZDx) aktualisiert werden, so dass die ortsfesten Instanzen (RBC1 bis RBCm, ZD1 bis ZDx) jederzeit Kenntnis darüber erhalten, welche Gatewayrechner (Gateway 1 bis Gateway n) mit welchen mobilen Instanzen (Züge A bis D) kommunizieren, wobei nur diejenigen ortsfesten Instanzen (RBC1 bis RBCm, ZD1 bis ZDx) informiert werden, die auch im Gatewayrechner (Gateway 1 bis Gateway n) registriert sind, wodurch sie in die Lage versetzt werden, sich über den jeweiligen Gatewayrechner (Gateway 1 bis Gateway n) auf die bestehende Verbindung zu der jeweiligen mobilen Instanz (Züge A bis D) aufzuschalten und diese Verbindung mit zu benutzen.A particular advantage of the invention is that in addition to the fixed central services and the stationary decentralized control points in the Verkehrsetwerk several decentralized stationary gateway computers are introduced, the communication between the mobile and the fixed instances is realized via the gateway computer, such that for the mobile instances (trains A to D) communicating with the gateway computers (gateway 1 to gateway n), in the gateway computer (gateway 1 to gateway n) and in the fixed ones Instances (RBC1 to RBCm, ZD1 to ZDx) in each case one representative instance and for the fixed instances (RBC1 to RBCm, ZD1 to ZDx) which communicate with the gateway technicians (gateway 1 to gateway n) in the gateway computer (gateway 1 to gateway n) Substitute instances are set up, wherein for a plurality of stationary instances (RBC1 to RBCm, ZD1 to ZDx) in a gateway computer (gateway 1 or ... or gateway n) representative instances can be set up and
via an update procedure between the representative instances in the gateway computer (gateway 1 to gateway n) and the fixed instances (RBC1 to RBCm, ZD1 to ZDx), the proxy information in the gateway computer (gateway 15 to gateway n) and in the fixed instances (RBC1 to RBCm, ZD1 to ZDx) are updated so that the fixed entities (RBC1 to RBCm, ZD1 to ZDx) always have knowledge of which gateway computers (gateway 1 to gateway n) communicate with which mobile entities (trains A to D), only those stationary instances (RBC1 to RBCm, ZD1 to ZDx) are informed, which are also registered in the gateway computer (gateway 1 to gateway n), whereby they are able to access the respective gateway computer (gateway 1 to gateway n) connect existing connection to the respective mobile instance (trains A to D) and use this connection with.

Die Gatewayrechner können beispielsweise in der Nähe von Vermittlungsknoten angeordnet sein, um Leitungswege einzusparen.The gateway computers may, for example, be arranged in the vicinity of switching nodes in order to save line routes.

Über die Gatewayrechner wird die Kommunikation zwischen mobilen und ortsfesten Instanzen gesteuert. Die Initiative zur Kommunikation kann dabei von mobiler Seite, von zentralen Diensten oder dezentralen Steuerstellen aus unabhängig erfolgen.The gateway computers control the communication between mobile and fixed entities. The initiative for communication can take place independently from the mobile side, from central services or decentralized control points.

Zusätzlich zu den dezentralen Gatewayrechnern können bei Bedarf Informationsserver im Verkehrsnetz eingerichtet werden, die ebenfalls als ortsfeste Instanzen mit Gatewayrechnern, zentralen Diensten und dezentralen Steuerstellen kommunizieren können.In addition to the decentralized gateway computers, information servers can be set up in the traffic network if required, which can also communicate as fixed instances with gateway computers, central services and decentralized control stations.

Um mit nur einem Funkkanal alle Verbindungen zwischen einer mobilen Instanz und verschiedenen ortsfesten Instanzen zu bedienen, wird sowohl von mobiler, als auch von ortsfester Seite ein gemeinsamer Gatewayrechner für die Kommunikation temporär und unabhängig voneinander ausgewählt.In order to serve all connections between a mobile instance and different stationary instances with only one radio channel, a common gateway computer for communication is temporarily and independently selected from both mobile and fixed sides.

Durch die Einrichtung von Stellvertreterinstanzen mobiler und ortsfester Instanzen im Gatewayrechner und deren Aktualisierung kann jederzeit eine gegenseitige Erreichbarkeit der Instanzen über einen gemeinsamen Gatewayrechner sichergestellt Werden. Mobile Instanzen können alle im Gatewayrechner als Stellvertreterinstanzen abgebildeten ortsfesten Instanzen über einen Funkkanal erreichen. Ortsfeste Instanzen können unabhängig voneinander über das Stellvertreterabbild den korrekten Gatewayrechner auswählen, welcher Stellvertreterinstanz des Verkehrsmittels, beispielsweise des Zuges, ist und damit einen gemeinsamen Funkkanal zur mobilen Instanz nutzen.Through the establishment of representative instances of mobile and stationary instances in the gateway computer and their updating, a mutual accessibility of the instances can be ensured at any time via a common gateway computer. Mobile instances can reach all fixed instances mapped in the gateway computer as proxy instances via a radio channel. Stationary entities can independently of one another via the representative image select the correct gateway computer, which representative instance of the means of transport, for example the train, is and thus use a common radio channel to the mobile entity.

Ein weiterer wesentlicher Vorteil besteht darin, daß ortsfeste Instanzen zum Zeitpunkt des Kommunikationsbedarfs zu mobilen Instanzen nicht mit der Suche eines Gatewayrechners beginnen müssen, über den die mobile Instanz ggf. augenblicklich kommuniziert (kein Pollen der Gatewayrechner nötig). Weil die Informationen über die Kommunikation zwischen Gatewayrechner und mobilen Instanzen vorliegen, kann die ortsfeste Instanz sofort den korrekten Gatewayrechner für die Aufschaltung auf die bestehende Funkverbindung zur mobilen Instanz auswählen.Another significant advantage is that stationary instances at the time of communication need to mobile instances do not have to start with the search of a gateway computer, via which the mobile instance possibly communicates instantaneously (no pollen of the gateway computer needed). Because the information about the communication between the gateway computer and mobile instances is present, the fixed instance can immediately select the correct gateway computer for connection to the existing radio connection to the mobile instance.

Weiterhin kann durch die ortsfeste Instanz sofort entschieden werden, ob die gewünschte mobile Instanz augenblicklich überhaupt mit einem Gatewayrechner kommuniziert. Ist das nicht der Fall, kann ein beliebiger Gatewayrechner für die Kommunikation (ggf. nach Kriterien einer optimalen Länge des Kommunikationsweges) ausgewählt werden.Furthermore, it can be decided immediately by the fixed instance whether the desired mobile instance is currently communicating with a gateway computer at all. If this is not the case, an arbitrary gateway computer for the communication (possibly according to criteria of an optimal length of the communication path) can be selected.

Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, dass mit Hilfe des beschriebenen Kommunikationsverfahrens auch mobile Instanzen erreicht werden können, die den ortsfesten Instanzen unbekannt sind (dynamisches Telefonbuch).A further advantage is that with the aid of the described communication method it is also possible to reach mobile entities which are unknown to the stationary entities (dynamic directory).

Das Updateverfahren optimiert die Informationsübertragung dadurch, dass nur diejenigen ortsfesten Instanzen informiert werden, die auch im Gatewayrechner registriert sind und eine Stellvertreterinstanz besitzen. Des Weiteren werden zwischen Gatewayrechner und den registrierten ortsfesten Instanzen nur Anderungsnachrichten übertragen, so dass auch dadurch der Införmationsaustausch optimiert wird. Die Updateinformationen konnen ggf. vorverarbeitet und entkoppelt vom Zeitpunkt ihrer Entstehung zu den Instanzen übertragen werden, wodurch sich Netzlasten besser verteilen.The update method optimizes the information transfer by informing only those fixed instances which are also registered in the gateway computer and have a representative instance. Furthermore, only change messages are transmitted between the gateway computer and the registered stationary instances, so that the information exchange is also optimized thereby. The update information may possibly be preprocessed and decoupled from the time of their creation to the instances, thereby distributing network loads better.

In den dezentralen Gatewayrechnern und den mobilen Instanzen müssen für die Realisierung keine Daten vorgehalten werden, die eine Zuordnung von Gatewayrechnern zu Instanzen beschreiben (keine Projektierung).In the decentralized gateway computers and the mobile instances, no data must be provided for the realization that describe an assignment of gateway computers to instances (no configuration).

Im Verkehrsnetz können beliebig viele dezentrale Gatewayrechner und Informationsserver vorgehalten werden und das Verkehrsnetz ist bei Bedarf erweiterbar.Any number of decentralized gateway computers and information servers can be kept in the transport network and the transport network can be expanded if required.

Die Anforderungen an die Funktionalität des Verkehrsnetzes sind durch die Einführung des dezentralen optimierten Verfahrens minimal (z.B. ist kein location update im Festnetz nötig).The requirements for the functionality of the transport network are minimal due to the introduction of the decentralized optimized method (for example, no location update is required in the fixed network).

Falls zwischen Gatewayrechnern und Bahndiensten zusätzliche Informationsserver eingeschaltet werden, besteht ein weiterer Vorteil in der durch die Kaskadierung minimierten Informatiönsübertragung. Bei Änderungsmeldungen muss in diesem Fall nicht mehr jeder Bahndienst direkt mittels Updateprotokoll informiert werden, sondern die Korrektur wird zentral im In-Zormationsserver vorgehalten und kann von den Bahndiensten bei Bedarf abgefragt werden. Damit können die dynamischen Informationen zur Gatewayrechnerauswahl, bei Bedarf nach Selektionskriterien geordnet, mit minimalem Kommunikationsaufwand zentral bereitgestellt werden. Redundante Informationen in den ortsfesten Instanzen werden vermieden.If additional information servers are switched on between gateway computers and railway services, there is a further advantage in the information transmission minimized by the cascading. In the case of change notifications, every rail service no longer needs to be informed directly by means of an update log, but the correction is kept centrally in the in-Zormation server and can be queried by the rail services if required. In this way, the dynamic information on the gateway computer selection, if necessary ordered according to selection criteria, can be provided centrally with minimal communication effort. Redundant information in the fixed instances is avoided.

Das vorliegende Kommunikationsverfahren erlaubt den Betrieb von Mischstrukturen. Informationsserver können für bestimmte Bahndienste oder bestimmte mobile Instanzen (z, B, Zuggattungen) Auskunftsfunktionen bereitstellen und damit den Updatekommunikationsaufwand minimieren, z. B. bei seltener Kommunikation mit mobilen Instanzen, Parallel dazu kann für weitere ortsfeste Bahndienste oder nach definierten Selektionskrite rien ein direktes Updateverfahren mittels Gatewayrechner realisiert werden, z.B. bei häufiger Kommunikation mit mobilen Instanzen. Damit sind die Strukturen und die Kommunikation an die Erfordernisse des Verkehrsbetriebs anpassbar.The present communication method allows the operation of mixed structures. Information servers may provide directory assistance services to certain rail services or certain mobile entities (z, B, train types), thereby minimizing update communication overhead, e.g. For example, in the case of infrequent communication with mobile entities, parallel to this can be for further stationary rail services or according to defined selection criteria A direct update procedure can be realized by means of a gateway computer, eg for frequent communication with mobile entities. This makes the structures and the communication adaptable to the requirements of the traffic operation.

Die Erfindung soll nachstehend an Hand von zumindest teilweise in den Figuren dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen näher beschrieben werden. Es zeigen:

Figur 1
eine Variante einer optimierten Funkkommunikation durch dezentrales Linkabbild
Figur 2
eine Variante einer optimierten Funkkommunikation durch zentrales Linkabbild
Figur 3
eine Variante einer optimierten Funkkommunikation durch zentrales und dezentrales Linkabbild.
The invention will be described below with reference to embodiments shown at least partially in the figures. Show it:
FIG. 1
a variant of optimized radio communication by decentralized link image
FIG. 2
a variant of optimized radio communication through a central link image
FIG. 3
a variant of optimized radio communication through central and decentralized link image.

Das Kommunikationsverfahren unterscheidet am Beispiel BahnDienst zwischen drei Komponenten:

  • a) mobile Instanzen (z. B. Züge),
  • b) ortsfeste Gatewayrechner,
  • c) ortsfeste Instanzen (zentrale Bahndienste, dezentrale Steuerungseinrichtungen oder Informationsserver).
The communication method differentiates between three components using the example of railway service:
  • a) mobile entities (eg trains),
  • b) stationary gateway computers,
  • c) fixed entities (central railway services, decentralized control facilities or information servers).

Wie in Figur 1 dargestellt, wird für mobile Instanzen, die mit einem Gatewayrechner kommunizieren, im Gatewayrechner eine Stellvertreterinstanz eingerichtet, für ortsfeste Instanzen, die mit dem Gatewayrechner kommunizieren, wird im Gatewayrechner ebenfalls eine Stellvertreterinstanz eingerichtet und in jeder ortsfesten Instanz, die in einem Gatewayrechner eine Stellvertreterinstanz besitzt, werden Informationen über Stellvertreter mobiler Instanzen dieses Gatewayrechners eingerichtet.As shown in Figure 1, a representative body is set up in the gateway computer for mobile instances that communicate with a gateway computer, for stationary instances that communicate with the gateway computer, a proxy instance is also set up in the gateway and in each fixed instance that in a gateway computer has a representative body, information about representatives of mobile instances of this gateway computer is set up.

Ein Updateverfahren zwischen den Stellvertreterinstanzen im Gatewayrechner und den ortsfesten Instanzen aktualisiert die Stellvertreterinformationen im Gatewayrechner und in den ortsfesten Instanzen bei Veränderungen (z.B. Einrichten einer neuen Stellvertreterinstanz bei Aufnahme der Funkkommunikation zu einem weiteren Zug). Das Updateverfahren ist optimiert hinsichtlich der Anforderungen an Laufzeit, Durchsatz u.ä..An update procedure between the proxy instances in the gateway computer and the fixed entities updates the proxy information in the gateway computer and in the fixed instances in case of changes (e.g., setting up a new proxy instance upon receiving the radio communication to another platoon). The update procedure is optimized with regard to the requirements of runtime, throughput and the like.

In den ortsfesten Instanzen liegen aufgrund des Updateverfahrens immer aktuelle Informationen vor, welche Gatewayrecher mit welchen mobilen Instanzen kommunizieren. Zentrale Dienste und dezentrale Steuerungseinrichtungen können aufgrund der vorliegenden Informationen entscheiden, ob der mobile Instanzen gegenwärtig in einem der bekannten Gatewayrechner registriert ist und wenn ja, in welchem Gatewayrechner. Anhand dieser Entscheidung kann die Auswahl für den korrekten Gatewayrechner, welcher bereits mit dem Zug kommuniziert, erfolgen. Liegt über den mobilen Instanzen keine Stellvertreterinformation vor, kann eine eigene Auswahl des Gatewayrechners erfolgen (z.B. nach dem Kriterium des optimalen Kommunikationsweges).Due to the update procedure, up-to-date information is always available in the fixed instances as to which gateway searchers are communicating with which mobile entities. Central services and decentralized control devices can decide on the basis of the available information whether the mobile instance is currently registered in one of the known gateway computers and, if so, in which gateway computer. Based on this decision, the selection for the correct gateway computer, which already communicates with the train, take place. If no proxy information is available via the mobile instances, a separate selection of the gateway computer can take place (for example, according to the criterion of the optimal communication path).

Ein weiterer Optimierungsschritt besteht in der Einschaltung von Informationsservern zur Kaskadierung der Updateinformationen, wie in Figur 2 dargestellt. In diesem Fall werden die Informationen über erreichbare mobile Instanzen und zugehörige Gatewayrechner nicht in den zentralen Diensten und dezentralen Steuerstellen vorgehalten, sondern in einem zwischengeschalteten ortsfesten Informationsserver. Zwischen Informationsserver und Gatewayrechner arbeitet ein Updateverfahren. Im Informationsserver liegen dadurch komprimierte Informationen über erreichbare mobile Instanzen verschiedener Gatewayrecher vor. Diese Informationen können von anderen ortsfesten Instanzen, die mobile Kommunikationsteilnehmer erreichen wollen, abgerufen werden (Auskunftsfunktion). Falls gewünscht, kann der Informationsserver die Initiative für die Kommunikation mit ortsfesten Instanzen übernehmen und Updateinformationen filtern und verteilen (Änderungsdienst). Auch Mischvarianten mit und ohne Zwischenschaltung von Informationsservern sind möglich, wie in Figur 3 dargestellt. Die jeweilige Realisierung hängt von den Kommunikationsanforderungen der Anwendungen ab (z.B. Häufigkeit der Kommunikation, Zeitanforderungen).Another optimization step consists in the activation of information servers for cascading the update information, as shown in FIG. In this case, the information about reachable mobile entities and associated gateway computers is not maintained in the central services and remote control sites but in an intermediary fixed information server. An update procedure works between information server and gateway computer. The information server thus has compressed information about accessible mobile instances of various gateway computers. This information may be from other fixed entities that mobile communicators want to reach, be retrieved (information function). If desired, the information server can take the initiative to communicate with fixed instances and filter and distribute update information (Change Service). Also mixed variants with and without the interposition of information servers are possible, as shown in Figure 3. The particular implementation depends on the communication requirements of the applications (eg frequency of communication, time requirements).

Die Anzahl der mobilen und ortsfesten Stellvertreterinstanzen je Gatewayrechner ist beliebig. Ebenso können beliebig viele Gatewayrechner und Informationsserver in einem Bahnnetz installiert werden. Das Verfahren zur Auswahl der Gatewayrechner ist für zentrale Dienste und dezentrale Steuerungseinrichtungen gleich.The number of mobile and fixed representative instances per gateway computer is arbitrary. Likewise, any number of gateway computers and information servers can be installed in a railway network. The method of selecting the gateway computers is the same for centralized services and distributed controllers.

Nachfolgend sollen dynamische Funktionen des Kommunikationssystems beschrieben werden.The following describes dynamic functions of the communication system.

I. SignalisierungI. Signaling IA. Kommunikationsaufbau von mobiler SeiteIA. Communication building from the mobile side

Zum Aufbau der Kommunikation wird durch das Netzwerk (nach festgelegten Kriterien) ein dezentraler Gatewayrechner ausgewählt. Im Gatewayrechner wird eine Stellvertreterinstanz des mobilen Instanzens eingerichtet- Gesteuert durch das Updateprotokoll werden daraufhin Updateinformation über die Stellvertreterinstanz an alle angemeldeten ortsfesten Instanzen verteilt. In diesen Instanzen liegt damit die Information über die Erreichbarkeit der mobilen Instanz und über den zugehörigen dezentralen Gatewayrechner vor.To set up the communication, a decentralized gateway computer is selected by the network (according to defined criteria). In the gateway computer, a representative instance of the mobile instance is set up. Controlled by the update protocol, update information about the representative instance is then distributed to all registered fixed instances. In these instances, the information about the accessibility of the mobile instance and about the associated decentralized gateway computer is thus available.

IB. Kommunikationsabbau von mobiler SeiteIB. Communication dismantling of mobile side

Beendet eine mobile Instanz die Kommunikation mit dem ersten Gatwayrechner, wird die Stellvertreterinstanz in dem ersten Gatewayrechner gelöscht. Das Updateverfahren aktualisiert bei allen gemeldeten ortsfesten Instanzen die Stellvertreterinformation.When a mobile instance terminates communication with the first gateway computer, the proxy instance in the first gateway computer is deleted. The update procedure updates the proxy information for all reported fixed instances.

IC. Kommunikationsaufbau von ortsfester SeiteIC. Communication setup from fixed side

Jede ortsfeste Instanz kann zu einem Gatewayrechner Verbindung aufnehmen. Falls nicht jede ortsfeste Instanz mit jedem Gatewayrechner kommunizieren muß, können in der ortsfesten Instanz Beschränkungen bestehen, mit welchen Gatewayrechnern Verbindung aufgenommen werden soll. Weiterhin können auch Beschränkungen vorliegen über die Auswahl und den Umfang der Updateinformationen, die zwischen einem Gatewayrechner und der ortsfesten Instanz ausgetauscht werden sollen (beispielsweise können selektiv nur Updateinformationen über Hochgeschwindigkeitszüge an die ortsfeste Instanz übertragen werden).Each fixed instance can connect to a gateway computer. If not every stationary instance has to communicate with each gateway computer, restrictions may exist in the fixed instance with which gateway computers are to be contacted. Furthermore, restrictions may also exist on the selection and the scope of the update information that is to be exchanged between a gateway computer and the fixed entity (for example, only update information about high-speed trains can be selectively transmitted to the stationary entity).

Initiiert eine ortsfeste Instanz die Kommunikation zu einem Gatewayrechner, wird in diesem Gatewayrechner eine Stellvertreterinstanz eingerichtet. Weiterhin kann ein Profil über die gewünschten Updatenachrichten eingerichtet werden. Vom Gatewayrechner wird daraufhin mittels Updateprotokoll das aktuelle Abbild der mobilen Stellvertreterinstanzen (ggf. selektiert nach Kriterien des Updateprofils) zur ortsfesten Instanz übertragen. In der ortsfesten Instanz liegen damit die Informationen über die erreichbaren mobilen Instanzen des Gatewayrechners vor. Auf Grund der vorliegenden Signalisiezungsinfoxmationen kann ein ortsfester Bahndienst eine Datenverbindung zur mobilen Instanz über den aktuell von der mobilen Instanz genutzten Gatewayrechner aufbauen.If a fixed instance initiates the communication to a gateway computer, a representative instance is set up in this gateway computer. Furthermore, a profile can be set up via the desired update messages. The gateway computer then uses the update protocol to transfer the current image of the mobile proxy instances (possibly selected according to criteria of the update profile) to the fixed instance. The information about the accessible mobile instances of the gateway computer is therefore available in the fixed instance. On the basis of the present signaling infoxmations, a fixed rail service can provide a data connection to build the mobile instance via the currently used by the mobile instance gateway computer.

Die ortsfeste Instanz, die Verbindung zu einem Gatewayrechner aufnimmt, kann auch ein Informationsserver sein. In diesem Fall wird das Verzeichnis der Stellvertreter mobiler Instanzen des Gatewayrechners im Informationsserver eingerichtet.The fixed entity that connects to a gateway computer may also be an information server. In this case, the directory of the mobile instance representatives of the gateway computer is set up in the information server.

Zentrale Dienste und dezentrale Steueistellen können entweder Direkt mit einem Gatewayrechner kommunizieren oder Informationen zu mobilen Instanzen in Gatewayrechnern über Informationsserver erhalten. Im Falle der Nutzung eines Informationsservers wird die Kommunikation zwischen Informationsserver und Gatewayrechner in gleicher Art und Weise wie zwischen Bahndienst und Gatewayrechner im Falle ohne Informationsserver abgewickelt. Die ortsfesten Bahndienste sind in diesem Fall nicht in das Updateverfahren zwischen Informationsserver und Gatewayrechner einbezogen. Der Verbindungsaufbau von der ortsfesten zur mobilen Instanz unterteilt sich bei Verwendung des Informationsservers in zwei Schritte.Central services and remote control stations can either communicate directly with a gateway computer or obtain information about mobile instances in gateway computers via information servers. In the case of the use of an information server, the communication between the information server and the gateway computer is handled in the same manner as between the train service and the gateway computer in the case without an information server. The fixed rail services are not included in the update process between information server and gateway computer in this case. The connection setup from the fixed to the mobile instance is divided into two steps using the information server.

Erster Schritt: Übermittlung von Signalisierungsinformationen zwischen ortsfester Instanz und Informationsserver. Diese Kommunikation dient der Zielsuche (Auskunft über anzuwählenden Gatewayrechner). Die Kommunikation zwischen ortsfester Instanz und Informationsserver kann sowohl durch den Bahndienst initiiert werden (Anruf Auskunft), als auch auf Initiative des Informationsservers erfolgen (Änderungsdienst). Nach erfolgter Signalisierung wird die Kommunikation zwischen ortsfestem Bahndienst und Informationsserver beendet.First step: Transmission of signaling information between fixed entity and information server. This communication serves the destination search (information about the gateway computer to be selected). The communication between stationary instance and information server can be initiated both by the rail service (call information), as well as on the initiative of the information server (change service). After signaling, the communication between stationary train service and information server is terminated.

Zweiter Schritt: Aufbau der Datenverbindung zwischen ortsfestem Bahndienst und mobiler Instanz über den ermittelten Gatewayrechner.Second step: Establishment of the data connection between stationary train service and mobile entity via the determined gateway computer.

ID. Kommunikationsabbau von ortsfester SeiteID. Communication reduction from fixed side

Beendet eine ortsfeste Instanz die Kommunikation mit einem Gatewayrechner, wird das Updateverfahren zu dieser ortsfesten Instanz beendet. Der Stellvertreter der ortsfesten Instanz im Gatewayrechner wird gelöscht. Informationen über Änderungen von Stellvertreterinstanzen im Gatewayrechner werden zukünftig nicht mehr zur ortsfesten Instanz übertragen.If a stationary instance terminates communication with a gateway computer, the update procedure for this fixed instance is ended. The representative of the fixed instance in the gateway computer is deleted. Information about changes of proxy instances in the gateway computer will no longer be transferred to the fixed instance in the future.

II. DatenübertragungII. Data transmission

Es sind drei verschiedene Datenarten zu übertragen:

  • IIA. Daten zwischen mobilen Instanzen und dezentralen Steuerungseinrichtungen
  • IIB. Daten zwischen mobilen Instanzen und zentralen Diensten
  • IIC. Signalisierungsinformationen zwischen Gatewayrechnern, Informationsservern und ortsfesten Instanzen (mittels Updateverfahren).
There are three different types of data to transfer:
  • IIA . Data between mobile entities and remote controllers
  • IIB . Data between mobile instances and central services
  • IIC . Signaling information between gateway computers, information servers and fixed entities (using update procedures).

Der Applikationsdatenverkehr von IIA und IIB läuft immer direkt über ein Gatewayrechner ohne Zwischenschaltung eines Informationsservers. An die Übertragung der verschiedenen Arten von Daten können verschiedene Anforderungen gestellt werden. Beispielsweise können an die Übertragung von Daten zwischen mobilen Instanzen und dezentralen Steuerungseinrichtungen hohe Zeit- und Verfügbarkeitsanforderungen gestellt werden. Die Datenart IIB (z. B. Diagnose) kann dagegen geringere Zeitanforderungen aufweisen und den Charakter von Massendaten besitzen. Derartige Daten können ggf. im Gatewayrechner selektiert, verdichtet und vorverarbeitet werden. Möglich ist ebenfalls eine Übertragung in Abhängigkeit von definierten Grenzwertkriterien oder bei Bestehen einer Funkverbindung für andere Applikationen und verfügbaren Ressourcen. Durch intelligente Vorverarbeitung und Pufferung nicht zeitkritischer Daten kann der Zeitpunkt der Entstehung der Daten von dem Zeitpunkt der Übertragung entkoppelt werden. Damit entfällt die Notwendigkeit der direkten Durchschaltung von Datenkanälen und die Lastverteilung im Netz wird günstiger. Die Daten des Updateverfahrens IIC sind keine Nutzerdaten, sondern Hilfsinformationen zur Übertragung von Änderungsmeldungen zwischen einem Gatewayrechner und den verbundenen ortsfesten Instanzen (zentrale Dienste, dezentrale Steuerstellen oder Informationsserver). Falls ein Informationsserver genutzt wird, erfolgt die Übertragung der Updatedaten zwischen Infor-mationsserver und Gatewayrechner. Ortsfeste Bahndienste kön-nen durch Zugriff auf die aktuellen Verzeichnissen im Informationsserver den zuständigen Gatewayrechner einer mobilen Instanz ermitteln und über diesen Gatewayrechner anschließend zur mobilen Instanz kommunizieren. Andernfalls werden die Updatedaten direkt zwischen Gatewayrechner und ortsfestem Bahndienst übertragen.The application data traffic of IIA and IIB always runs directly via a gateway computer without the interposition of an information server. Various requirements can be placed on the transmission of the different types of data. For example, high time and availability requirements may be placed on the transmission of data between mobile entities and remote controllers. By contrast, the data type IIB (eg diagnosis) can have shorter time requirements and have the character of mass data. If necessary, such data can be selected, compressed and preprocessed in the gateway computer. Also possible is a transfer depending on defined Threshold criteria or if there is a radio connection for other applications and available resources. By intelligent preprocessing and buffering of non-time-critical data, the time of origin of the data can be decoupled from the time of transmission. This eliminates the need for direct throughput of data channels and the load distribution in the network is cheaper. The data of the update method IIC are not user data, but auxiliary information for the transmission of change messages between a gateway computer and the connected stationary instances (central services, remote control stations or information servers). If an information server is used, the update data is transferred between the information server and the gateway computer. Stationary train services can determine the responsible gateway computer of a mobile instance by accessing the current directories in the information server and then communicate with the mobile entity via this gateway computer. Otherwise, the update data is transmitted directly between the gateway computer and the fixed rail service.

Die Erfindung ist nicht beschränkt auf die hier dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele. Vielmehr ist es möglich, durch Kombination und Modifikation der Mittel und Merkmale weitere Ausführungsvarianten zu realisieren, ohne den Rahmen der Erfindung zu verlassen.The invention is not limited to the embodiments shown here. Rather, it is possible to realize further embodiments by combining and modifying the means and features, without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims (3)

  1. Optimized communication method for radio-assisted traffic services having a traffic network for radio transmission of data between mobile objects (trains A to D) and central services and fixed-position objects (RBC1 to RBCm, ZD1 to ZDx), which have decentralized control centres, a plurality of decentralized fixed-position gateway computers (gateway 1 to gateway n) being introduced into the traffic network, and the communication between the mobile objects (trains A to D) and the fixed-position objects (RBC1 to RBCm, ZD1 to ZDx) is implemented via the gateway computers (gateway 1 to gateway n) in such a manner that
    - for the mobile objects (trains A to D) which communicate with the gateway computers (gateway 1 to gateway n), one substitute object is in each case set up in the gateway computer (gateway 1 to gateway n) and in the fixed-position objects (RBC1 to RBCm, ZD1 to ZDx), and
    - for the fixed-position objects (RBC1 to RBCm, ZD1 to ZDx) which communicate with the gateway computers (gateway 1 to gateway n), substitute objects are set up in the gateway computer (gateway 1 to gateway n), in which case substitute objects can be set up for a plurality of fixed-position objects (RBC1 to RBCm, ZD1 to ZDx) in one gateway computer (gateway 1 or ... or gateway n), and
    - using an update process, the substitute information in the gateway computer (gateway 1 to gateway n) and in the fixed-position objects (RBC1 to RBCm, ZD1 to ZDx) is updated between the substitute objects in the gateway computer (gateway 1 to gateway n) and the fixed-position objects (RBC1 to RBCn, 2D1 to 2Dx), so that the fixed-position objects (RBC1 to RBCm, ZD1 to ZDx), receive information at any time relating to which gateway computers (gateway 1 to gateway n) are communicating with which mobile objects (trains A to D), the only fixed-position objects (RBC1 to RBCm, ZD1 to ZDx) which are informed being those which are also registered in the gateway computer (gateway 1 to gateway n), by which means they are able to connect to the existing link to the respective mobile object (trains A to D) via the respective gateway computer (gateway 1 to gateway n) and to also use this link.
  2. Optimized communication method according to Claim 1,
    characterized
    in that information servers (Ink) which form fixed-position objects are additionally introduced into the traffic network, the representative objects (A, B, D) for the mobile objects (trains A, B, D) of a plurality of gateway computers (gateway 1, gateway n) are stored in these information servers (Ink) and are kept up-to-date by means of an update method which is carried out between the gateway computers (gateway 1, gateway n) and the information servers (Ink), so that these information servers (Ink) can provide information about accessible gateway computers (gateway 1, gateway n) which are associated with mobile objects on request from fixed-position objects.
  3. Optimized communication method according to Claims 1 and 2,
    characterized
    in that mixed structures are provided, in which the update information for the representative objects for a first group of communicating objects is transmitted as far as the fixed-position objects in the first group, and the update information for a second group of communicating objects is transmitted to information servers, so that the fixed-position objects in the second group can use the information services of the information servers.
EP99944259A 1998-07-09 1999-06-28 Optimized communication method for radio-assisted traffic services Expired - Lifetime EP1094962B1 (en)

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DE19832594 1998-07-09
DE19832594A DE19832594C2 (en) 1998-07-09 1998-07-09 Optimized communication system for radio-based traffic services
PCT/DE1999/002026 WO2000002758A2 (en) 1998-07-09 1999-06-28 Optimized communication system for radio-assisted traffic services

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US7006796B1 (en) 2006-02-28
EP1094962A2 (en) 2001-05-02
PT1094962E (en) 2007-01-31
WO2000002758A3 (en) 2000-03-30
ES2273507T3 (en) 2007-05-01
DE59913863D1 (en) 2006-11-02
DE19832594C2 (en) 2002-10-24
DE19832594A1 (en) 2000-01-13
ATE340116T1 (en) 2006-10-15
WO2000002758A2 (en) 2000-01-20

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