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EP1076683B1 - Produit solide pour lave-vaisselle, a base de phosphate et de silicates lamellaires cristallins - Google Patents

Produit solide pour lave-vaisselle, a base de phosphate et de silicates lamellaires cristallins Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1076683B1
EP1076683B1 EP99922118A EP99922118A EP1076683B1 EP 1076683 B1 EP1076683 B1 EP 1076683B1 EP 99922118 A EP99922118 A EP 99922118A EP 99922118 A EP99922118 A EP 99922118A EP 1076683 B1 EP1076683 B1 EP 1076683B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
detergent
quantities
builder
acid
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP99922118A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1076683A1 (fr
Inventor
Rainer Sorg
Christian Nitsch
Jürgen Härer
Harald Volk
Thomas Müller-Kirschbaum
Peter Krings
Harald Bauer
Josef Holz
Günther Schimmel
Lothar Westermann
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Clariant Produkte Deutschland GmbH
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Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Clariant Produkte Deutschland GmbH
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Publication of EP1076683A1 publication Critical patent/EP1076683A1/fr
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Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/22Organic compounds
    • C11D7/26Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D7/265Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D17/00Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
    • C11D17/0047Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
    • C11D17/0065Solid detergents containing builders
    • C11D17/0073Tablets
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/04Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D3/06Phosphates, including polyphosphates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/02Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
    • C11D3/12Water-insoluble compounds
    • C11D3/124Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
    • C11D3/1246Silicates, e.g. diatomaceous earth
    • C11D3/1253Layer silicates, e.g. talcum, kaolin, clay, bentonite, smectite, montmorillonite, hectorite or attapulgite
    • C11D3/1273Crystalline layered silicates of type NaMeSixO2x+1YH2O
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D3/00Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
    • C11D3/16Organic compounds
    • C11D3/20Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C11D3/2075Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
    • C11D3/2082Polycarboxylic acids-salts thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/02Inorganic compounds
    • C11D7/04Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D7/10Salts
    • C11D7/14Silicates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11DDETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D7/00Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
    • C11D7/02Inorganic compounds
    • C11D7/04Water-soluble compounds
    • C11D7/10Salts
    • C11D7/16Phosphates including polyphosphates

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a machine dishwashing detergent which is in solid form and contains a builder combination of conventional phosphates and crystalline layered silicates.
  • Such agents despite their phosphate content improved protection for sensitive items, especially glasses and decorated items with known good cleaning performance and even partially improved cleaning performance compared to conventional phosphate-containing dishwashing detergents.
  • European patent application EP-A-0 504 091 (Viking) describes phosphate-free automatic dishwashing detergents with very good cleaning performance on tea stains.
  • the cleaners contain about 5 to 15 wt .-% crystalline layered silicates and additionally 10 to 15 wt .-% citric acid and additionally (co) polymeric polycarboxylates.
  • the total cleaning performance of such low alkaline dishwashing detergents is not sufficient in the case of problem soiling apart from tea.
  • the tea cleaning performance is good, but it can be increased.
  • Machine dishwashing detergents which are described in the international patent application WO-A-94/16047 (Procter & Gamble) show by the use of builders, in a certain time released bleach and paraffin oil in amounts of 0.05 to 2.5 parts by weight. % Improvements in silver protection. Citrate-containing agents are clearly preferred. Other builders may be aluminosilicates, phosphates or else crystalline phyllosilicates. Combinations of phosphates and crystalline phyllosilicates are not suggested or advantages are not mentioned by the use of such builder combinations.
  • European Patent Application EP-A-0 416 366 discloses a machine dishwashing detergent containing 30% by weight sodium tripolyphosphate, 30% by weight crystalline layered sodium silicate, preferably as proton donor mineral acid and / or polycarboxylic acids and / or hydroxypolycarboxylic acids and / or Phosphonic acids and / or their acid salts or esters and overall has a relatively low pH. Although such automatic dishwashing detergents already have good cleaning performance.
  • agents which contain crystalline layered silicates as a builder raw material also have the disadvantage that, because of the low rate of dissolution of the crystalline layered silicate, lime deposits on glass and dishes may occur.
  • the raw material is very finely divided and with high dust content, which can lead to production problems both in the powder and granule production and in the production of dishwasher tablets.
  • the object of the present invention was therefore to provide a machine dishwashing detergent which does not have the abovementioned disadvantages, ie which does not cause damage to glass even after repeated use, at the same time has good tea cleaning performance, but also excellent total cleaning performance and both in the powder and Granule production as well as in the production of tablets without production problems can be produced.
  • the present invention accordingly provides a solid machine dishwashing detergent which comprises conventional phosphates and further customary ingredients, wherein the agent comprises, in addition to the phosphates, as a further builder a granular additive which contains as essential constituents a crystalline layered silicate of the general formula (I) NaMSi x O 2x + 1 yH 2 O (I), wherein M represents sodium or hydrogen, x is an integer from 1.9 to 22, preferably from 1.9 to 4, and y is a number from 0 to 33, and contains (co) polymeric polycarboxylic acid.
  • the agent comprises, in addition to the phosphates, as a further builder a granular additive which contains as essential constituents a crystalline layered silicate of the general formula (I) NaMSi x O 2x + 1 yH 2 O (I), wherein M represents sodium or hydrogen, x is an integer from 1.9 to 22, preferably from 1.9 to 4, and y is a number from 0 to 33, and contains (co) poly
  • the conventional phosphates useful as builders in automatic dishwashing detergents include in particular alkali phosphates and polymeric alkali phosphates, which may be in the form of their alkaline neutral or acidic sodium or potassium salts.
  • alkali phosphates and polymeric alkali phosphates which may be in the form of their alkaline neutral or acidic sodium or potassium salts.
  • examples of these are trisodium phosphate, tetrasodium diphosphate, disodium dihydrogen diphosphate, pentasodium tripolyphosphate, so-called sodium hexametaphosphate, oligomeric trisodium phosphate with degrees of oligomerization of from 5 to 1000, in particular from 5 to 50, and the corresponding potassium salts or mixtures of sodium hexametaphosphate and the corresponding potassium salts or mixtures of sodium and potassium salts , Particularly preferred are the salts of tripolyphosphate.
  • Their amounts are based on the total formulation and
  • the crystalline layer-form silicates of the formula (I) are sold by Clariant GmbH (Germany) under the trade name Na-SKS, for example Na-SKS-1 (Na 2 Si 22 O 45 .xH 2 O, Kenyaite), Na. SKS-2 (Na 2 Si 14 O 29 .xH 2 O, magadiite), Na-SKS-3 (Na 2 Si 8 O 17 .xH 2 O) or Na-SKS-4 (Na 2 Si 4 O 9 .xH 2 O, Makatite).
  • Na-SKS for example Na-SKS-1 (Na 2 Si 22 O 45 .xH 2 O, Kenyaite), Na. SKS-2 (Na 2 Si 14 O 29 .xH 2 O, magadiite), Na-SKS-3 (Na 2 Si 8 O 17 .xH 2 O) or Na-SKS-4 (Na 2 Si 4 O 9 .xH 2 O, Makatite).
  • Na-SKS-5 ⁇ -Na 2 Si 2 O 5
  • Na-SKS-7 ⁇ -Na 2 Si 2 O 5 , natrosilite
  • Na-SKS-9 NaH-Si 2 O 5 ⁇ H 2 O
  • Na-SKS-10 NaHSi 2 O 5 ⁇ 3H 2 O, kanemite
  • Na-SKS-11 t-Na 2 Si 2 O 5
  • Na-SKS-13 Na-SKS-13 (NaHSi 2 O 5 )
  • Na-SKS-6 ⁇ -Na 2 Si 2 O 5
  • crystalline phyllosilicates are introduced into the machine dishwashing detergent according to the invention via the builder additive used according to the invention.
  • the crystalline layer-form silicates of the formula (I) are introduced into the machine dishwashing compositions according to the invention exclusively via the builder additive used according to the invention.
  • the automatic dishwashing agents contain the crystalline layered silicate of the formula (I), introduced via the builder additive, in amounts of from 2 to at most 30% by weight, preferably in amounts of from 3 to 25% by weight and in particular in amounts of 4 to 20 wt .-%.
  • a (co) polymeric polycarboxylic acid is understood as meaning a homopolymer or copolymer which is not or only partially neutralized.
  • These include the homopolymers of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid or their copolymers with other ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as acrolein, dimethylacrylic acid, ethylacrylic acid, vinylacetic acid, allylacetic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, meth (allylsulfonic acid), vinylsulfonic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, acrylamidomethylpropanesulfonic acid and phosphorous groups Monomers such as vinylphosphonic acid, allylphosphoric acid and acrylamidomethylpropanephosphonic acid and salts thereof, and hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate sulfates, allyl alcohol sulfates and allyl alcohol phosphates.
  • Such polymers are described,
  • Preferred (co) polymers have an average molar mass of from 1000 to 100000 g / mol, preferably from 2000 to 75000 g / mol and in particular from 2000 to 35000 g / mol.
  • the degree of neutralization of the acid groups is advantageously from 0 to 90%, preferably from 10 to 80% and in particular from 30 to 70%.
  • Particularly suitable polymers include homopolymers of acrylic acid and copolymers of (meth) acrylic acid with maleic acid or maleic anhydride.
  • copolymers are derived from terpolymers which are obtained by polymerization of 10 to 70% by weight of monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids having 4 to 8 C atoms or salts thereof, 20 to 85% by weight of monoethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids having 3 to 10 C atoms or their salts, 1 to 50 wt .-% of monounsaturated monomers which release after hydrolysis hydroxyl groups on the polymer chain, and 0 to 10 wt .-% of further free-radically copolymerizable monomers.
  • graft polymers of monosaccharides, oligosaccharides, polysaccharides and modified polysaccharides are also suitable.
  • the graft polymers disclosed in the European patent application with proteins of animal or vegetable origin, in particular with modified proteins, are likewise very suitable.
  • Copolymers are selected from the group of the graft copolymers preferably used of sugar and other polyhydroxy compounds, and a monomer mixture of the following composition 45 to 96 wt .-% of monoethylenically unsaturated C 3 - to C 10 monocarboxylic acid or mixtures of C 3 - to C 10 monocarboxylic acids and or their salts with monovalent cations, monomers containing 4 to 55% by weight of monoethylenically unsaturated monosulfonic acid groups, monoethylenically unsaturated sulfuric esters, vinylphosphonic acid and / or the salts of these acids with monovalent cations and 0 to 30% by weight of water-soluble, monoethylenically unsaturated compounds, with 2 to 50 moles of alkylene oxide per mole of monoethylenically unsaturated compound are modified.
  • Such compounds are described in DE-A-42 21 381 and in DE-A-43 43 993.
  • polyaspartic acids or their derivatives are polyaspartic acids or their derivatives in non-neutralized or partially neutralized form.
  • the polyaspartic acids are obtained in the form of their alkali metal or ammonium salts. From these it is possible to obtain the products which have not been neutralized or only partially neutralized by addition of appropriate amounts of organic or inorganic acids and, if appropriate, separation of the resulting salts.
  • Such products can also be obtained by the thermal reaction of maleic acid and ammonia or by the condensation of aspartic acid and the subsequent hydrolysis of the resulting polysuccinimide.
  • the production of such products is described for example in DE-A-36 26 672, DE-A-43 07 114, DE-A-44 27 287, EP-A-0 612 784, EP-A-0 644 257 and WO -A-92/14753.
  • graft polymers of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid and other ethylenically unsaturated monomers to salts of polyaspartic acid as usually obtained in the hydrolysis of the polysuccinimide described above. This can be dispensed with the otherwise necessary addition of acid for the preparation of only partially neutralized form of polyaspartic acid.
  • the amount of polyaspartate is usually chosen so that the degree of neutralization of all incorporated in the polymer carboxyl groups does not exceed 80%, preferably 60%. Products of the type mentioned are described in more detail in International Patent Application WO-A-94101486.
  • compositions according to the invention are determined by the content of the builder additives used according to the invention and their content of these polymers.
  • the builder additive used according to the invention contains the crystalline layered silicate of the formula (I) and the (co) polymeric polycarboxylic acid preferably in weight ratios of (40 to 1): 1, in particular of (20 to 2): 1, where ratios of 7 : 1 to about 3: 1, in each case based on the anhydrous calculated active substances, may be particularly advantageous.
  • the water content of the builder additives used according to the invention is preferably from 4 to 20% by weight, the upper meaningful value is made dependent on the water content thereof, that the builder additive should be stable and free-flowing even after storage at elevated temperatures of for example 40 ° C and should not clump. It has been found that the lower value for the water content influences the dissolving behavior of the builder additive.
  • additives which contain from 5 to 15% by weight of water and in particular from 7 to 12% by weight of water.
  • the determination of the water content takes place at a temperature of 140 ° C and a duration of 4 hours.
  • the builder additives used according to the invention can be prepared by simply contacting the crystalline layered silicate of the formula (I) with an aqueous solution, preferably a concentrated aqueous solution of the (co) polymeric polycarboxylic acid and optionally subsequent drying to the desired water content.
  • an aqueous solution preferably a concentrated aqueous solution of the (co) polymeric polycarboxylic acid
  • Conventional mixing and granulating devices such as the ploughshare mixer from Lödige or a Schugi mixer or an Eirich mixer or a Lödige recycler CB 30 and other apparatus known to those skilled in the art, which allow in particular the jetting of a liquid onto a solid, are just as suitable as fluidized bed apparatus.
  • the polymer solution serves as an agglomeration aid.
  • the builder additives used according to the invention have only a slightly reduced starting alkalinity, but a significantly lower residual alkalinity than the pure crystalline layered silicate of the formula (I).
  • the residual alkalinity can be adjusted accordingly by the content of the additives of polymer acid.
  • the builder additive can therefore be used as a buffer substance in automatic dishwashing detergents.
  • the builder additives may contain high levels of (co) polymeric polycarboxylic acid, with amounts between 2 and 40% by weight being preferred and amounts between 5 and 30% by weight being particularly preferred, and amounts between 10 and 25% by weight being quite are particularly preferred.
  • the content of the builder additives on the crystalline layered silicates of the formula (I) is preferably 50 to 90% by weight, more preferably 60 to 90% by weight and most preferably 65 to 85% by weight.
  • the calcium binding capacity of the additives is preferably above 185 mg CaCO 3 / g.
  • the pH of a 0.1% strength by weight aqueous solution is preferably above 10, but below 20 ° C. of 12.
  • the bulk density of the additives used according to the invention varies according to the nature of its preparation and is usually in the range from above 400 to about 700 g / l. While pure crystalline layered silicate of the formula (I) such as SKS6® usually obtains very finely divided and also has high amounts of dust fractions, the builder additive used according to the invention is a coarse-grained powder to agglomerate / granules, which is finer when prepared in the fluidized bed and coarser, for example when made in a high speed mixer.
  • Coarser-grained additives have, for example, an average particle size (d50) of about 450 to 900 ⁇ m, while finer-particle additives have an average particle size (d50) of between about 280 and 330 ⁇ m. But even with the finely divided additives, the dust content is significantly lower than in the commercially available pure crystalline layered silicates of the formula (I), in particular as in SKS6®.
  • the content of the automatic dishwashing agents according to the invention in these builder additives can be varied within a wide range and depends both on the content of the dishwashing detergent formulation on crystalline layered silicates of the formula (I) and on the content of the selected builder additive in this crystalline layered silicate , Usual levels of the phosphate-containing automatic dishwashing agents on these builder additives are about 2 to 40 wt .-%, with contents of 5 to 35 wt .-% and in particular to 30 wt .-% are preferred.
  • the automatic dishwashing compositions according to the invention may contain, in addition to the ingredients used according to the invention, in principle all known ingredients customary in such agents.
  • the agents according to the invention may in particular be further builders, surface-active surfactants, bleaches based on organic and / or in particular inorganic peroxygen compounds, bleach activators, enzymes, sequestering agents, electrolytes, pH regulators and / or further auxiliaries, for example silver corrosion inhibitors, foam regulators and dyes and fragrances contain.
  • conventional disintegrating agents can be used in conventional amounts.
  • the automatic dishwasher detergents according to the invention may also contain one or more further builder substances from the group consisting of carbonates, bicarbonates, amorphous silicates, crystalline layered silicates, which have not been introduced via the additive, and the polyfunctional carboxylic acids or their Salts, especially citric acid or citrate.
  • the compositions do not contain any crystalline layered silicates of the formula (I) which have not been incorporated into the formulation via the builder additive.
  • the agents may additionally contain further (co) polymeric polycarboxylates of the conventional type, which are likewise water-soluble and which can serve as co-builders, in particular under hard water conditions.
  • polyacrylic acids and copolymers of maleic anhydride and acrylic acid and the sodium salts of these polymeric acids may be considered.
  • Commercially available products are, for example, Sokalan® CP 5, CP 10 and PA 30 from BASF.
  • polystyrene resin polystyrene resin
  • POC QUAL AS 2507® Degussa
  • Norasole® such as Norasol LMW 45N®, Norasol SP 02N® or Norasol 470 N® (Rohm & Haas) or Alcosperse 175 N® (Alco).
  • suitable co-builder polymers of native origin include oxidized starch, for example as disclosed in international patent application WO 94/05762 and polyamino acids such as polyglutamic acid or polyaspartic acid.
  • Other possible builder components are naturally occurring hydroxycarboxylic acids such as mono-, dihydroxy-succinic acid, ⁇ -hydroxypropionic acid and gluconic acid.
  • Preferred organic builder components include the salts of citric acid, especially sodium citrate.
  • sodium citrate anhydrous trisodium citrate and preferably trisodium citrate dihydrate are suitable. Trisodium citrate dihydrate can be used as a fine or coarse crystalline powder.
  • the acids corresponding to the said co-builder salts may also be present.
  • the automatic dishwasher detergents according to the invention preferably contain not more than 2% by weight of this (co) polymeric polycarboxylates additionally and not via the builder additive; in particular, the agents are even free of such (co) polymeric polycarboxylates introduced additionally and not via the builder additive.
  • the agents according to the invention may contain their sodium and / or potassium salts, for example in an amount of from 10 to 40% by weight, preferably from 15 to 30% by weight, based on the total agent.
  • these alkali carriers are preferably in amounts of less than 4% by weight, in particular less than 2% by weight in the mechanical Dishwashing agents contain, with particularly preferred means advantageously free of amorphous silicates, are also free of metasilicates.
  • Suitable peroxygen compounds are, in particular, organic peracids or peracid salts of organic acids, such as phthalimidopercaproic acid, perbenzoic acid or salts of diperdodecanedioic acid, hydrogen peroxide and inorganic salts which release hydrogen peroxide under the washing or cleaning conditions, such as perborate, percarbonate and / or persilicate.
  • Hydrogen peroxide can also be produced by means of an enzymatic system, ie an oxidase and its substrate. If solid peroxygen compounds are to be used, they can be used in the form of powders or granules, which can also be enveloped in a manner known in principle.
  • alkali metal percarbonate alkali metal perborate monohydrate, alkali metal perborate tetrahydrate or hydrogen peroxide in the form of aqueous solutions which contain from 3% by weight to 10% by weight of hydrogen peroxide.
  • a cleaning agent according to the invention contains peroxygen compounds, these are present in amounts of preferably up to 50% by weight, in particular from 5% by weight to 30% by weight.
  • bleach stabilizers such as phosphonates, borates or metaborates and metasilicates and magnesium salts such as magnesium sulfate may be useful.
  • typical oxygen bleaches are also the organic peracids.
  • organic peracids especially the excellent effective Phthalimidoperoxycapronsäure, but also all other known peracids are principally usable.
  • bleach activators it is possible to use compounds which, under perhydrolysis conditions, give aliphatic peroxycarboxylic acids having preferably 1 to 10 C atoms, in particular 2 to 4 C atoms, and / or optionally substituted perbenzoic acid.
  • Suitable substances are those which carry O- and / or N-acyl groups of the stated C atom number and / or optionally substituted benzoyl groups.
  • polyacylated alkylenediamines in particular tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), acylated triazine derivatives, in particular 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (DADHT), acylated glycolurils, in particular tetraacetylglycoluril (TAGU), N- Acylimides, in particular N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI), acylated phenolsulfonates, especially n-nonanoyl or Isononanoyloxybenzolsulfonat (n- or iso-NOBS), carboxylic anhydrides, in particular phthalic anhydride, acylated polyhydric alcohols, in particular triacetin, ethylene glycol diacetate, 2,5-diacetoxy-2,5-dihydrofuran and from German patent applications DE 196
  • hydrophilic substituted acyl acetals known from the German patent application DE 196 16 769 and the acyllactams described in the German patent application DE 196 16 770 and the international patent application WO 95/14075 are also preferably used.
  • the combinations of conventional bleach activators known from German patent application DE 44 43 177 can also be used. Such bleach activators are contained in the customary amount range, preferably in amounts of from 1% by weight to 10% by weight, in particular from 2% by weight to 8% by weight, based on the total agent.
  • the sulfone imines and / or bleach-enhancing transition metal salts or transition metal complexes known from European patents EP 0 446 982 and EP 0 453 003 may also be present as so-called bleach catalysts.
  • Suitable transition metal compounds include, in particular, the manganese, iron, cobalt, ruthenium or molybdenum-salene complexes known from German patent application DE 195 29 905 and their N-analogues known from German patent application DE 196 20 267, which are known from US Pat German Patent Application DE 195 36 082 known manganese, iron, cobalt, ruthenium or molybdenum carbonyl, the described in the German patent application DE 196 05 688 manganese, iron, cobalt, ruthenium, molybdenum, titanium , Vanadium and copper complexes with nitrogen-containing tripod ligands, the cobalt, iron, copper and ruthenium-ammine complexes known from German patent application DE 196 20 411, the manganese described in German patent application DE 44 16 438, Copper and cobalt complexes, the cobalt complexes described in European patent application EP 0 272 030, the manganese complex known from European patent application EP 0
  • bleach activators and transition metal bleach catalysts are known, for example, from German patent application DE 196 13 103 and international patent application WO 95/27775.
  • Bleach-enhancing transition metal complexes in particular having the central atoms Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Mo, V, Ti and / or Ru, are used in customary amounts, preferably in an amount of up to 1% by weight, in particular 0.0025% by weight. % to 0.25 wt .-% and particularly preferably from 0.01 wt .-% to 0.1 wt .-%, each based on the total agent used.
  • a bleach-enhancing active ingredient combination which is obtainable by intimately mixing a water-soluble salt of a divalent transition metal selected from cobalt, iron, copper and ruthenium and mixtures thereof, a water-soluble ammonium salt and optionally a peroxygen-based oxidizing agent and inert carrier material is described, for example, in the earlier German patent application P 197 09 284.5 described.
  • chlorine-containing bleaching agents may in principle be present in the compositions according to the invention and the invention also includes chlorine-containing formulations, it is preferred to use exclusively chlorine-free bleaching agents.
  • Automatic dishwashing detergents according to the invention may contain corrosion inhibitors as ingredients for the protection of the items to be washed or the machine, with silver protectants in particular being of particular importance in the field of automatic dishwashing.
  • silver protectants selected from the group of triazoles, benzotriazoles, bisbenzotriazoles, aminotriazoles, alkylaminotriazoles and transition metal salts or complexes can be used in particular. Particularly preferred to use are benzotriazole and / or alkylaminotriazole.
  • oxygen and nitrogen-containing organic redox-active compounds such as di- and trihydric phenols, eg. As hydroquinone, pyrocatechol, hydroxyhydroquinone, gallic acid, phloroglucinol, pyrogallol or derivatives of these classes of compounds.
  • organic redox-active compounds such as di- and trihydric phenols, eg. As hydroquinone, pyrocatechol, hydroxyhydroquinone, gallic acid, phloroglucinol, pyrogallol or derivatives of these classes of compounds.
  • salt and complex inorganic compounds such as salts of the metals Mn, Ti, Zr, Hf, V, Co and Ce are often used.
  • transition metal salts which are selected from the group of manganese and / or cobalt salts and / or complexes, more preferably the cobalt (amine) complexes, the cobalt (acetate) complexes, the Cobalt (carbonyl) complexes, the chlorides of cobalt or manganese and manganese sulfate.
  • zinc compounds can be used to prevent corrosion on the items to be washed. These silver protectants may usually be present in amounts of up to about 5% by weight.
  • Enzymes which can be used in the compositions include those from the class of proteases, lipases, cutinases, amylases, pullulanases, oxidases and peroxidases, glucanases and mixtures thereof, for example proteases such as BLAP®, Optimase®, Opticlean®, Maxacal®, Maxapem® , Alcalase®, Esperase®, Savinase®, Durazym® and / or Purafect® OxP, amylases such as Termamyl®, Amylase-LT®, Maxamyl®, Duramyl® and / or Purafect® OxAm, lipases such as Lipolase®, Lipomax®, Lumafast ® and / or Lipozym®.
  • proteases such as BLAP®, Optimase®, Opticlean®, Maxacal®, Maxapem® , Alcalase®, Esperase®, Savinase®, Dura
  • fungi or bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, Streptomyces griseus, Humicola lanuginosa, Humicola insolens, Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes or Pseudomonas cepacia derived enzymatic agents.
  • These optionally additionally used enzymes can also be adsorbed on carriers and / or embedded in encapsulating substances, as described, for example, in European patent EP 0 564 476 or in international patent application WO 94/23005, and / or embedded in encapsulating substances in order to protect them against premature inactivation.
  • dishwasher detergents according to the invention are preferably present in the dishwasher detergents according to the invention in amounts of up to 10% by weight, in particular from 0.05% by weight to 5% by weight, particularly preferably enzymes which are stabilized against oxidative degradation, for example from US Pat international patent applications WO 94/02597, WO 94/02618, WO 94/18314, WO 94/23053 or WO 95/07350.
  • Preferred proteases used in agents according to the invention include the enzymes known from international patent applications WO 91/02792, WO 92/21760 and WO 95/23221.
  • surfactants in particular low-foaming nonionic surfactants, optionally in admixture with anionic and / or zwitterionic surfactants, which serve to better remove greasy soilings, as wetting agents and optionally as granulating aids in the preparation of the cleaning agents, may also be added to the compositions according to the invention.
  • Their amount can be up to 10 wt .-%, in particular up to 5 wt .-% and is preferably in the range of 0.5 wt .-% to 3 wt .-%.
  • extremely low-foam compounds are used in particular in detergents for use in automatic dishwashing processes.
  • C 12 -C 18 -Alkylpolyethylenglykolpolypropylenglykolether with in each case to 8 moles of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide in the molecule.
  • you can also use other known low-foam nonionic surfactants such as C 12 -C 18 alkylpolyethylene glycol polybutylenglykolether with up to 8 moles of ethylene oxide and butylene oxide in the molecule, end phenomenonver importancee Alkylpolyalkylenglykolmischether and foaming, but ecologically attractive C 8 -C 14 -Alkylpolyglucoside having a degree of polymerization of about 1 to 4 (eg APG® 225 and APG® 500 from Henkel) and / or C 12 -C 14 alkyl polyethylene glycols having 3 to 8 ethylene oxide units in the molecule.
  • surfactants from the family of glucamides such as, for example, alkyl-N-methylglucamides, in which the alkyl moiety preferably originates from a fatty alcohol with the C chain length C 6 -C 14 . It is partially advantageous if the surfactants described are used as mixtures, for example the combination of alkyl polyglycoside with fatty alcohol alkoxylates or glucamide with alkyl polyglycosides. Also particularly preferred are the hydroxyl-containing alkoxylated alcohols, as described in EP-A-0300305. It was found that these hydroxy mixed ether surfactants show an excellent clear rinse effect.
  • nonionic surfactants such as fatty alcohol alkoxylates, for example Dehypon LS 54®, and also in mixtures with Dehydol LS 4®, but also for mixtures of hydroxy mixed ether and APG® or for mixtures of fatty alcohol ethoxylates, hydroxy mixed ethers and alkyl polyglycoside.
  • these surfactant mixtures also contribute to the fact that the stress corrosion cracking of plastic is significantly reduced.
  • Suitable anionic surfactants are in particular soaps and those which contain sulfate or sulfonate groups with preferably alkali ions as cations.
  • Usable soaps are preferably the alkali salts of the saturated or unsaturated fatty acids having 12 to 18 carbon atoms. Such fatty acids can also be used in incompletely neutralized form.
  • Useful surfactants of the suifat type include the salts of the sulfuric acid half-esters of fatty alcohols having 12 to 18 carbon atoms and the sulfation products of said nonionic surfactants having a low degree of ethoxylation.
  • Suitable surfactants of the sulfonate type include linear alkylbenzenesulfonates having 9 to 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety, alkane sulfonates having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and olefin sulfonates having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, which are formed in the reaction of corresponding monoolefins with sulfur trioxide, and ⁇ -sulfofatty acid esters formed in the sulfonation of fatty acid methyl or ethyl esters.
  • the cleaning agents may still contain up to 6% by weight, preferably approximately 0.5 wt .-% to 4 wt .-% of a foam-pressing compound, preferably from the group of silicone oils, mixtures of silicone oil and hydrophobized silica, paraffins, paraffin-alcohol combinations, hydrophobized silica, the Bisfettklareamide, and other further known in the Commercially available defoamers are added.
  • a foam-pressing compound preferably from the group of silicone oils, mixtures of silicone oil and hydrophobized silica, paraffins, paraffin-alcohol combinations, hydrophobized silica, the Bisfettklareamide, and other further known in the Commercially available defoamers are added.
  • Further optional ingredients in the compositions according to the invention are, for example, perfume oils.
  • the automatic dishwasher detergents according to the invention are in solid form. They may be pulverulent to granular or may be in the form of a shaped body, in particular a tablet. They can be prepared conventionally, for example by mixing, granulating, compacting, such as roll compacting, tabletting and / or spray-drying. In some cases, the ingredients can also be used in precompounded form for the preparation of automatic dishwashing detergents according to the invention.
  • the tablets may be single-phase or multiphase, monochrome or multicolor and in particular consist of one or more layers, in particular two layers, as are already commercially available.
  • the builder additive may be present in multilayer tablets either only in one layer, but also distributed over several to all layers.
  • the procedure is preferably such that all components - optionally one layer - mixed together in a mixer and the mixture by means of conventional tablet presses, such as eccentric or rotary presses, with compressive forces in the range of about 50 to 100 kN , preferably compressed at 60 to 70 kN.
  • conventional tablet presses such as eccentric or rotary presses
  • compressive forces in the range of about 50 to 100 kN , preferably compressed at 60 to 70 kN.
  • at least one layer is pre-compressed. This is preferably carried out at pressing forces between 5 and 20 kN, in particular at 10 to 15 kN. This gives fracture-resistant and yet sufficiently rapidly soluble tablets under application conditions with breaking and bending strengths of normally 100 to 200 N, but preferably above 150 N.
  • a tablet produced in this way has a weight of 15 g to 40 g, in particular 20 g up to 30 g.
  • the spatial form of the tablets is arbitrary and can be round, oval or angular, with intermediate forms are also possible. Corners and edges are advantageously rounded. Round tablets preferably have a diameter of 30 mm to 40 mm.
  • the size of square / cuboid-shaped tablets, which are introduced predominantly via the metering device in the dishwasher depends on the geometry and the volume of this metering device.
  • Exemplary preferred embodiments currently have a footprint of (20 to 30 mm) x (34 to 40 mm), in particular 26 x 36 mm or 24 x 38 mm.
  • the preparation of machine dishwashing detergents in the form of non-dusting, storage-stable free-flowing powders and / or granules with high bulk densities in the range of 750 to 1200 g / l is characterized in that in a first process step, the builder components with at least a proportion of liquid mixture components Increase the bulk density of this premix and subsequently - if desired after an intermediate drying - the other components of the machine dishwashing detergent combined with the thus obtained premix.
  • the addition of the agents according to the invention is carried out either by hand or - as already indicated above - by means of suitable metering devices.
  • the application concentrations in the main cleaning cycle are preferably about 2 to 8 g / l, preferably 2 to 5 g / l.
  • the rinsing program is generally supplemented and terminated by an intermediate rinse with clear water following the cleaning cycle and a rinse cycle, if appropriate with a common rinse aid. After drying, a completely clean, freed from tea and other soiling residues and hygienically perfect dishes. Even after very many rinses, the advantages are significantly recognizable by the use of the agents according to the invention, such as improved glass protection or decorative protection.
  • the automatic dishwashing compositions according to the invention not only show a very good cleaning performance on tea stains;
  • automatic dishwashing detergents with comparable compositions containing phosphates and crystalline layered silicates of the formula (I), but the latter as a powder and not in the form of the builder additive used in the invention, significant improvements in the removal of proteinaceous soils and soils caused by dairy products achieved.
  • Production-technical production of the powders, granules or tablets according to the invention took place without problems, in contrast to formulations which contained finely divided crystalline stratified silicate.
  • Dehypon LS 54® and Dehypon LT 104® are two low-foaming fatty alcohol alkoxylates from Henkel.
  • the terpolymer contained in the builder additive was prepared according to the disclosure of WO-A-94/15978 from 80% by weight of acrylic acid and maleic acid in a weight ratio of 7: 3 and from 20% by weight of vinyl acetate and then saponified in an acidic medium.
  • the terpolymer was purchased from Stockhausen.
  • Tables 2a and 2b clearly show the advantages of the tablet according to the invention TE1 compared to the comparative tablet TV1.
  • Powders of the compositions shown in Table 3 were prepared in a conventional manner, with PE1 to PE3 being the agents of the invention and PV1 being the comparison agent. The powders were tested for material protection and deposit formation. The effects of the powders PE1 to PE3 and PV1 on sensitive items were measured as in Example 1 at a dosage of 25 g to 51 water after 100 (PE1 to PE3 and PV1) and 300 rinsing cycles (only PE1 and PE2, compared to PV1 after 100 Rinsing cycles). The results are shown in Tables 4a and 4b.
  • Tables 4a and 4b clearly show the advantages of the formulations according to the invention PE1 and PE2 compared to PV1. Even with a high content of builder additive of 28.2% by weight in PE3 corresponding to an active substance content of crystalline layered disilicate of 20% by weight, similar values are obtained as for PV1 with 4% by weight of amorphous sodium disilicate , However, as Table 5 shows, PE3 also had significant advantages over PV1 when color loss was measured on decorated glass plates. For this purpose, in addition to the above-mentioned glasses, red-decorated glass plates of the "Arcopol" brand, "Bande rouge" decor were also tested under the same cleaning conditions. The color loss FV was determined after 50 or 150 rinsing cycles.
  • the comparative formulation PV2 Compared to phosphate-free formulations, the comparative formulation PV2 had clear advantages, in particular with minced meat, spinach and tea.
  • the formulation according to the invention improved these services in addition to egg and protein-containing stains and quite clearly to milk and stains of dairy products and oatmeal.

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Claims (14)

  1. Produit de lavage solide pour lave-vaisselle, contenant des phosphates habituels, ainsi que d'autres constituants habituels, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient comme autre builder, outre les phosphates, un additif granulaire qui contient comme constituants essentiels un silicate lamellaire cristallin de formule générale (I)

            NaMSixO2x+1.y H2O     (I),

    dans laquelle M représente le sodium ou l'hydrogène, x représente un nombre entier allant de 1,9 à 22 et y représente un nombre allant de 0 à 33, et un acide polycarboxylique (co)polymère.
  2. Produit selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient un silicate lamellaire cristallin de formule (I), introduit par l'intermédiaire de l'additif builder, à des quantités de 2 à 30 % en poids au maximum, de préférence à des quantités de 3 à 25 % en poids et en particulier à des quantités de 4 à 20 % en poids.
  3. Produit selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient des phosphates, en particulier des sels de tripolyphosphate, à des quantités, par rapport à l'ensemble de la composition et calculées sous forme de matière active anhydre, situées dans un intervalle allant de plus de 30 % en poids à 65 % en poids, et en particulier de 35 à 60 % en poids.
  4. Produit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient une ou plusieurs substances builders du groupe des carbonates, carbonates acides, silicates amorphes, silicates lamellaires cristallins, qui n'ont pas été introduits par l'intermédiaire de l'additif, acides carboxyliques polyfonctionnels respectivement leurs sels.
  5. Produit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient des silicates amorphes, en particulier des silicates de sodium amorphes avec un rapport pondéral Na2O : SiO2 de 1 : 1,8 à 1 : 3,3 à des quantités inférieures à 4 % en poids, de préférence inférieures à 2 % en poids, où l'on préfère en particulier les produits qui sont dépourvus de silicates amorphes.
  6. Produit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il se présente sous forme d'article moulé, en particulier sous forme de comprimé.
  7. Produit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il se présente sous forme pulvérulente à granulaire.
  8. Produit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient un additif builder à des quantités de 2 à 40 % en poids, de préférence à des quantités de 5 à 35 % en poids et en particulier à des quantités allant jusqu'à 30 % en poids.
  9. Produit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient un additif builder qui contient de 50 à 90 % en poids, de préférence de 60 à 90 % en poids et en particulier de 65 à 85 % en poids de silicate lamellaire cristallin de formule (1), de 2 à 40 % en poids, de préférence de 5 à 30 % en poids et en particulier de 10 à 25 % en poids d'acide polycarboxylique polymère et de 4 à 20 % en poids, de préférence de 5 à 15 % en poids et en particulier de 7 à 12 % en poids d'eau.
  10. Produit selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que l'acide polycarboxylique (co)polymère dans l'additif builder présente une masse molaire de 1000 à 100 000 g/mol, de préférence de 2000 à 75 000 g/mol et en particulier de 2000 à 35 000 g/mol, le degré de neutralisation des groupes acides étant de 0 à 90 %, de préférence de 10 à 80% et en particulier de 30 à 70 %.
  11. Produit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient des agents de blanchiment à base d'hydrogène et/ou des agents de blanchiment à base de chlore ainsi que le cas échéant des activateurs de blanchiment et/ou des catalyseurs de blanchiment.
  12. Produit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient des agents tensioactifs, de préférence des agents tensioactifs non ioniques faiblement moussants.
  13. Produit selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient comme agents tensioactifs non ioniques des éthers d'(alkyle en C12 à C18)-polyéthylèneglycol-polypropylèneglycol avec à chaque fois jusqu'à 8 moles d'unités oxyde d'éthylène et oxyde de propylène dans la molécule, des éthers d'(alkyle en C12 à C18)-polyéthylèneglycol-poybutylèneglycol avec à chaque fois jusqu'à 8 moles d'unités oxyde d'éthylène et oxyde de butylène dans la molécule, des éthers mixtes d'alkylpolyalkylène-glycol à groupes terminaux coiffés, des (alkyle en C8 à C14)-polyglucosides ayant un degré de polymérisation d'environ 1 à 4, des (alkyle en C12 à C14)-polyéthylèneglycols avec de 3 à 8 unités oxyde d'éthylène dans la molécule, des glucamides et/ou des hydroxyéthers mixtes.
  14. Produit selon la revendication 12 ou 13, caractérisé en ce qu'il contient des mélanges d'alcoxylates d'alcools gras et d'hydroxyéthers mixtes ou d'alkylpolyglycoside et d'hydroxyéthers mixtes ou d'éthoxylates d'alcools gras, d'hydroxyéthers mixtes et d'alkylpolyglycoside.
EP99922118A 1998-04-30 1999-04-21 Produit solide pour lave-vaisselle, a base de phosphate et de silicates lamellaires cristallins Expired - Lifetime EP1076683B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19819187 1998-04-30
DE19819187A DE19819187A1 (de) 1998-04-30 1998-04-30 Festes maschinelles Geschirrspülmittel mit Phosphat und kristallinen schichtförmigen Silikaten
PCT/EP1999/002679 WO1999057237A1 (fr) 1998-04-30 1999-04-21 Produit solide pour lave-vaisselle, a base de phosphate et de silicates lamellaires cristallins

Publications (2)

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EP1076683A1 EP1076683A1 (fr) 2001-02-21
EP1076683B1 true EP1076683B1 (fr) 2006-06-14

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US (1) US6462006B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1076683B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2003521553A (fr)
AT (1) ATE329994T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19819187A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2267267T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO1999057237A1 (fr)

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EP1076683A1 (fr) 2001-02-21
DE59913558D1 (de) 2006-07-27
ES2267267T3 (es) 2007-03-01
JP2003521553A (ja) 2003-07-15
DE19819187A1 (de) 1999-11-11
ATE329994T1 (de) 2006-07-15
WO1999057237A1 (fr) 1999-11-11
US6462006B1 (en) 2002-10-08
WO1999057237A9 (fr) 2002-08-22

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