EP1054119B1 - System and process for attaching an object - Google Patents

Abstract

The anchoring device (1) secures a rod (2) which projects upward out of the ground. It has an anchoring section (4) with a s thread releasably inserted in the ground. There is an accommodation or holding section (5) surrounding the upper, cylindrical pa of the rod. It has a cup-shaped or tubular-shaped filling section (6) which receives a filling material (7). This may be hard sa with a large grain size, gravel or stone material.

Description

The invention relates to a fastening system and a method for the Attachment of a projecting from a surface rod or post-shaped object, with a surface bounded by the surface and from this again herausbringbaren or detachably attachable to the surface Anchoring section and with a holding section for receiving the Object.

The erection of poles, posts, posts or bars, for example for Signs or fences, usually done directly by ramming into the ground or via a foundation incorporated into the soil for this purpose. The required Vertical alignment is a significant expense in this approach connected and requires the use of additional aids, which is awkward and above all time consuming. When setting in concrete is an alignment of the Object after the setting of the concrete no longer possible.

In many cases, a mast or the like should not be permanent, but rather seasonal conditionally only be set up at times, for example, signs for Dangers in winter or posts for the construction of ball games nets and the same. In the above-mentioned, conventional fastening methods a detachable connection either not possible or requires additional Activities.

In addition to the ramming, burying or concreting an object is known, such by means of anchored in the ground fastening system set up. An anchoring device, which at its upper free end can accommodate the object to be erected, comprises at its lower end For example, a screw or screw, which in the soil like a Screw is screwed in. The object to be placed is hereafter in the Anchoring device inserted, screwed or screwed to it. Even with such arrangements exist with regard to the orientation of the anchoring device concerning the vertical and above all in a solution of the Connection similar difficulties with the use of additional Tools and time consuming additional measures to be performed are required.

The German patent DE 196 07 972 C1 describes a device for Attaching rod-shaped objects, wherein the rod-shaped objects between an inner support element and an upper clamping plate be fixed by screwing. The screwed clamping plate acts on an elastic, wedge-shaped clamping element, each corresponding to an opening have the shape and the thickness of the aufzuspannenden object got to. The fixation by means of elastic wedge-tensioning element and a means Fastening fixed clamping plate is not only cumbersome and time consuming. For different cross-sectional shapes and / or sizes of rod-shaped objects Each adapted clamping elements are required. An alignment of rod-shaped objects after clamping is also not possible.

The invention is based on the object, an apparatus and a method for fixing a surface, in particular from the ground, towering rod-shaped or post-shaped object with a in the underground on and out of this again herausbringbaren or detachably attachable to the surface Anchoring section and with a holding section for receiving the article to be made available at the or to be fastened To align the subject easily and in a short time and a sufficiently durable Fixation of the object also over longer periods as well as a comparatively fast and easy to handle removal of the object is possible.

The object is achieved by a fastening system for a rod or post-shaped article according to claim 1 and by a method according to Claim 16 solved. Advantageous embodiments of the fastening system are in the dependent claims 2 to 15 and advantageous embodiments of the method are claimed in the dependent claims 17 to 21.

According to the invention, it is provided that the holding section has a filling opening provided cup or tubular filling portion for receiving a Has filling. The fastening system according to the invention therefore allows a fast, easy to perform and precise alignment and positioning of the rod or post-shaped object relative to the holding portion, wherein a permanent fixation is created, which requires no readjustment and is easy to solve again. The rod or post-shaped components to be fastened may be different in design, i. both cylindrical and Also conical components can be securely fixed, with the taper of the Component also in a frusto-conical widening of the lower component area and / or in a conical taper of the lower component area is formed to form a relatively narrow annular gap. The invention System and the method according to the invention can thus be used for secure fixation a variety of rod or post-shaped components are used.

The filling material according to the invention is such that a movement of the Object in the holding section is almost impossible. For this purpose, the filling material suitably a hard sand, Rollsplitt- or rock material and / or a resilient plastic material, such as in particular a granular granules on. The invention is based on the surprising effect that in itself loose, in a sense "free-flowing" filling material quite a mechanically sufficiently stable Attachment of the object allows, without affecting the effect of mechanical Connection with time wears off. On the one hand, these are easy to carry out Corrections in the orientation of the object possible, and the another is a simple solution of the connection by removing or removing opened the filling. Experiments with coarse-grained hard chippings, as it applies in road construction, have shown that alone by the gravitational effect of the introduced contents and on the object acting mechanical pressure of the filling a secure fixation is possible. After the introduction of the contents of the object is also at Exposure to external shocks safely held and shows no or in any case, no noticeable changes in position. The coarse material of the Filling material takes after filling a physically stable, essentially immutable position and holds the object. For the material of the Filling material is not only rough-edged fracture rock material possible, although a Such material seems to be particularly well suited (because by tilting of such a material a particularly high rigidity and positional stability of Filling material is achieved, which is also preserved against larger loads), but also rounded or even spherical rock material such as pebbles or similar.

Another aspect of the present invention is therefore filling material for the To provide attachment of rod or post-shaped objects, the one has rough, irregular surface. With such irregular, but nevertheless about the same size Füllmaterialelementen occurs the advantageous Effect of the device according to the invention particularly clear.

An additional aspect of the present invention is only single particles or elements of the filling material in the annular gap between rod-shaped or post-shaped To fill in the component and the anchoring device in order to or post-shaped component safe and stable storage. This is the effect exploited that already few, but at least two particles or elements the filling material in the relatively narrow annular gap between rod-shaped or post-shaped Component and the anchoring device suffice, a sufficient great wedge effect to deploy around the rod or post-shaped component safely and stable, in particular to store against vertical forces. Please note, that the annular gap may not be larger than the diameter of the particles or Elements of the filling material. It has therefore proved to be advantageous if the Base region of the anchoring device has a cone in which the rod or post-shaped component is centered and the rod or post-shaped Part enclosing annular gap opens upwards.

Particularly suitable is also an elastic plastic material, such as a coarse or also fine-grained granules, in particular made of recycled materials can be, for example, from old rubber or other suitable recyclable Plastic waste products. A special advantage with the exclusive Use or as an addition of an elastic material exists in addition to an improved, long-term stable attachment effect above all in the damping against vibration loads and also stress-sustaining properties of such elastic material Füllgut.

The filling of the filling material preferably takes place in the filling opening by means of one at least partially around the circumference of the filling opening reaching around funnel-like filler neck.

An essential advantage of the invention lies in the fact that a simple and exact location positioning of the object to be fastened is given. Not only the axial position of the object can be easily adjusted, but it can also be any position of the object within the holding section be made. In this way, it is easily possible, even at obliquely set or mounted deviating from the actual nominal position Holding section with the simplest handling still a desired location or To make direction correction of the object to be fastened.

Favorable is an opposite to the external dimensions of the article, i. Outer diameter in the case of a cylindrical object, sufficiently large Coarseness of the product material from about one to at least some Millimeters or even a few tens of millimeters. But also relatively fine-grained Sand with a graininess below one millimeter shows in principle the required mechanical strength and is therefore for the invention Purposes just as appropriate; however, it should be backed up by additional resources Care must be taken that the filled small-grained sand material does not escape can. Especially in this case, the filling opening is complete occlusive closing material expedient, with which at the same time also one mechanical pressure is exerted on the sand material for its compression.

In a sufficiently coarse-grained material, however, it is to achieve the bonding effect according to the invention is not necessarily required completely cover the filling opening, since such a product normally achieved by itself a sufficiently high rigidity and also against shocks or atmospheric influences or other external loads stable remains. Nevertheless, to increase the strength of the connection may suitably a filling opening of the filling at least partially overlapping, releasably secured at the edge region of the filling section termination means be provided.

According to a preferred embodiment of the fastening system according to the invention is the cup or tubular filling section for receiving the contents by an insertable into the holding portion of the anchoring device and again removable insert formed. Accordingly, the insert is preferably formed by a prefabricated plastic or sheet metal part. The use can also by a conveniently with a equipped with the weight of the object endowing soil reinforcement Sack formed from an elastic plastic film or fabric material be. Through such an application, it is possible in the simplest way Remove contents from the filling section after removing the object. A degradation of the fastening device, but also a renewed Fixation of a rod or post-shaped object is thus simple and fast possible.

According to a preferred embodiment of the method can be provided that the contents are permanently under mechanical pressure by means of a clamping device or compressed. This process step is particularly in a edged filling material, and again in particular a hard edged Sand, chippings or rock material is preferred to one over time by vibrations or other mechanical effects of the object counteracted reduction of the fastening effect.

A further preferred method according to the invention is that permanent fixation of the rod or post-shaped object covering the filling opening by means of closing means is not necessary because the contents due to gravity, its blocking function and the stiction between the respective elements of the filling material in the optionally usable insert or securely retained in the receiving area of the anchoring portion.

When using a round or approximately round product material, it is in continuation of the invention preferred when the filling opening of the filling section is covered by means of the final agent, so that the material Füllgut can not escape from the filling and at least by means of the clamping means a certain initial pressure is placed on the contents.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is provided that the fastening system or its anchoring portion screwed into the ground or is taken.

Furthermore, for the use of the fastening system and rod or Post-shaped objects are used, which are essentially at their bottom are frusto-conical. By such a frustoconical Surface at the lower end of the rod or post-shaped object is It makes possible a reliable and reliable fixation of post-shaped objects make. Here, in particular, the clamping mechanism of Filling material exploited, where it is not significant whether between the actual Receiving body of the anchoring portion an insert is introduced. to Achieving the necessary holding effect of the rod or post-shaped object Rather, it is sufficient that only between the lower end of the rod or post-shaped object and the holding section a in section in Essentially triangular opening is formed as an annular gap. Once such is formed on average triangular annular gap and filling material in this space is introduced, unfolds the particularly advantageous wedge effect, the a reliable and secure fixing of the rod and post-shaped object enabled in accordance with the present invention. An essential advantage of Mounting system in conjunction with the rod or post-shaped to be fastened Component is that with cone-shaped receiving bodies the anchoring section, an adjustment of the diameter of the rod or post-shaped article with, for example, cylindrical insertion portion is not required. The cone angle, i. the opening angle of the triangular Annular gaps, has a size of greater than 0 ° and less than 45 °, preferably 3 ° to 15 °.

Another aspect of the fastening system according to the invention is a dome-like Compensating means, which is arranged at the bottom of the insert to at slanted rod or post-shaped components, preferably from a Tube to create a secure and stable bearing surface. This is the dome-like compensating means preferably a spherical cap, which either everted upward into the insert or formed down as a recess is. The dome-like compensating means is dimensioned so that the annular Support area of the rod or post-shaped component with its entire Scope is on it. The dome-like compensating means can be removable Component incorporated as needed in the bottom area of the insert be when the rod or post-shaped member is not coaxial with the Anchoring device can be aligned. In this case, that forms Dome-like compensating means the support surface for the hollow rod or post-shaped Component, so that contents do not get under the bearing edge of the component and therefore not because of a one-sided edge support on the flat floor the insert slips away.

An additional aspect of the present fastening system is centering means provide that the rod or post-shaped components in their position center to the vertical. Here, the centering of the conical inner region of the anchoring device or from attachable Centering, for example, in disc form, preferably at the Top of the insert arranged radially to the rod or post-shaped component can be. Optionally, both centering means, i. Centering in the cone-shaped bottom area and centering by means of disk-shaped centering, be used.

• Verankerungsvorrichtung, beispielsweise Bodendübel, Einschlaghülse oder Aufsetzständer;
• Einsatz zum Einsetzen in die Verankerungsvorrichtung, wahlweise zylindrisch oder konisch, wahlweise mit Zentrierfunktion im unteren oder oberen Bereich des Einsatzes;
• einzelne Füllgutpartikel zum Fixieren der Bauteile;
• Vielzahl von Füllgutpartikeln zum Auffüllen des Einsatzes bzw. der Verankerungsvorrichtung;
• Zentriermittel zum Zentrieren der stab- oder pfostenförmigen Bauteile am oberen Bereich der Verankerungsvorrichtung;
• Zentriermittel zum Zentrieren der stab- oder pfostenförmigen Bauteile am unteren Bereich der Verankerungsvorrichtung;
• Abschlussmittel ohne Zentrierfunktion, mit welchem das Füllgut mit einer mechanischen Spannung beaufschlagt wird;
• kuppelartiges Ausgleichsmittel für schrägstehende Verankerungsvorrichtungen oder schräg aufzustellende Bauteile.

The fastening system according to the invention can thus be modularly constructed as required from several components. The individual components of these fastening systems include:

• Anchoring device, such as ground dowel, wrapping sleeve or Aufsetzständer;
• Insert for insertion into the anchoring device, optionally cylindrical or conical, optionally with centering function in the lower or upper region of the insert;
• individual Füllgutpartikel for fixing the components;
• Variety of Füllgutpartikeln for filling the insert or the anchoring device;
• Centering means for centering the rod or post-shaped components at the upper region of the anchoring device;
• Centering means for centering the rod or post-shaped components at the bottom of the anchoring device;
• Terminating means without centering function, with which the filling material is subjected to a mechanical stress;
• dome-like compensating means for inclined anchoring devices or obliquely erected components.

Beispiel 1: Befestigungssystem bestehend aus einer Verankerungsvorrichtung mit einer konischen Innenwand, in die das stab- oder pfostenförmige Bauteil eingesetzt wird und bei welcher der Raum zwischen stab- oder pfostenförmigen Bauteil und Verankerungsvorrichtung mittels einer Vielzahl von Füllgutpartikeln aufgefüllt wird.

Beispiel 2: Befestigungssystem bestehend aus einer Verankerungsvorrichtung, in die ein Einsatz mit einer konischen Innenwand eingebracht ist, in den das stab- oder pfostenförmige Bauteil eingesetzt wird und der Raum zwischen stab- oder pfostenförmigen Bauteil und Einsatz mittels einer Vielzahl von Füllgutpartikeln aufgefüllt wird.

Beispiel 3: Befestigungssystem bestehend aus einer Verankerungsvorrichtung, in die ein Einsatz mit einer zylindrischen Innenwand eingebracht ist, in den das stab- oder pfostenförmige Bauteil eingesetzt wird und der Raum zwischen stab- oder pfostenförmigen Bauteil und Verankerungsvorrichtung mittels einer Vielzahl von Füllgutpartikeln aufgefüllt wird.

Beispiel 4: Befestigungssystem bestehend aus einer Verankerungsvorrichtung mit einer zylindrischen Innenwand, in die ein Einsatz mit einer konischen Innenwand eingebracht ist, in den das stab- oder pfostenförmige Bauteil eingesetzt wird und der Raum zwischen stab- oder pfostenförmigen Bauteil und Verankerungsvorrichtung mittels einer Vielzahl von Füllgutpartikeln aufgefüllt wird.

Beispiel 5: Befestigungssystem bestehend aus einer Verankerungsvorrichtung mit einer konischen Innenwand, in die das stab- oder pfostenförmige Bauteil eingesetzt wird und durch Zentriermittel am Bauteilende zentriert wird und der Raum zwischen stab- oder pfostenförmigen Bauteil und Verankerungsvorrichtung mittels einzelner Füllgutpartikel so gefüllt wird, dass diese Füllgutpartikel eine Klemmwirkung insbesondere auf Vertikalkräfte ausüben.

Beispiel 6: Befestigungssystem bestehend aus einer Verankerungsvorrichtung mit einer konischen Innenwand, in die das stab- oder pfostenförmige Bauteil eingesetzt wird und durch Zentriermittel am oberen Bereich der Verankerungsvorrichtung zentriert wird.

Beispiel 7: Befestigungssystem bestehend aus einer Verankerungsvorrichtung mit einer konischen Innenwand, in die das stab- oder pfostenförmige Bauteil eingesetzt wird und durch Zentriermittel am oberen Bereich der Verankerungsvorrichtung zentriert wird und bei welcher der Raum zwischen stab- oder pfostenförmigen Bauteil und Verankerungsvorrichtung mittels einzelner Füllgutpartikel so gefüllt wird, dass diese Füllgutpartikel eine Klemmwirkung insbesondere auf Vertikalkräfte ausüben.

Beispiel 8: Befestigungssystem bestehend aus einer Verankerungsvorrichtung mit einer konischen Innenwand, in die das stab- oder pfostenförmige Bauteil eingesetzt wird und durch Zentriermittel am oberen Bereich der Verankerungsvorrichtung und am Bauteilende zentriert wird und bei welcher der Raum zwischen stab- oder pfostenförmigen Bauteil und Verankerungsvorrichtung mittels einzelner Füllgutpartikel so gefüllt wird, dass diese Füllgutpartikel eine Klemmwirkung insbesondere auf Vertikalkräfte ausüben.

Beispiel 9: Befestigungssystem bestehend aus einer Verankerungsvorrichtung und einem Einsatz, in den das stab- oder pfostenförmige Bauteil eingesetzt wird und durch Zentriermittel am Boden des Einsatzes zentriert wird und der Raum zwischen stab- oder pfostenförmigen Bauteil und Einsatz mittels einzelner Füllgutpartikel so gefüllt wird, dass diese Füllgutpartikel eine Klemmwirkung auf Vertikalkräfte ausüben.

Beispiel 10: Befestigungssystem bestehend aus einer Verankerungsvorrichtung und einem Einsatz, in den das stab- oder pfostenförmige Bauteil eingesetzt wird und durch Zentriermittel am Boden und am oberen Bereich des Einsatzes zentriert wird.

According to these module components, different embodiments of the fastening system according to the invention can be formed, wherein the following list represents some non-exhaustive embodiments for the possibility of combining the modular fastening system.

Example 1: fastening system consisting of an anchoring device with a conical inner wall into which the rod-shaped or post-shaped component is inserted and in which the space between rod-shaped or post-shaped component and anchoring device is filled by means of a plurality of Füllgutpartikeln.

Example 2: fastening system consisting of an anchoring device, in which an insert is introduced with a conical inner wall, in which the rod or post-shaped component is used and the space between rod or post-shaped component and use is filled by a plurality of Füllgutpartikeln.

Example 3: fastening system consisting of an anchoring device, in which an insert is inserted with a cylindrical inner wall, in which the rod or post-shaped component is used and the space between rod or post-shaped member and anchoring device is filled by a plurality of Füllgutpartikeln.

Example 4: Fastening system consisting of an anchoring device with a cylindrical inner wall, in which an insert is introduced with a conical inner wall, in which the rod or post-shaped component is used and the space between rod or post-shaped member and anchoring device by means of a plurality of Füllgutpartikeln is replenished.

Example 5: Fastening system consisting of an anchoring device with a conical inner wall, in which the rod or post-shaped component is centered by centering at the end of the component and the space between rod or post-shaped member and anchoring device is filled by means of individual Füllgutpartikel so that this Füllgutpartikel exert a clamping effect, in particular to vertical forces.

Example 6: Fastening system consisting of an anchoring device with a conical inner wall into which the rod-shaped or post-shaped component is inserted and which is centered by centering means on the upper region of the anchoring device.

Example 7: fastening system consisting of an anchoring device with a conical inner wall, in which the rod or post-shaped component is used and is centered by centering at the top of the anchoring device and in which the space between rod or post-shaped member and anchoring device by means of individual Füllgutpartikel so is filled, that these Füllgutpartikel exert a clamping action, in particular on vertical forces.

Example 8: fastening system consisting of an anchoring device with a conical inner wall, in which the rod or post-shaped component is used and is centered by centering at the top of the anchoring device and at the component end and in which the space between rod or post-shaped member and anchoring device means individual Füllgutpartikel is filled so that these Füllgutpartikel exert a clamping action, in particular to vertical forces.

Example 9: Fastening system consisting of an anchoring device and an insert, in which the rod or post-shaped component is centered by centering at the bottom of the insert and the space between rod or post-shaped component and use is filled by means of individual Füllgutpartikel so that these Füllgutpartikel exert a clamping effect on vertical forces.

Example 10: Fastening system consisting of an anchoring device and an insert, in which the rod or post-shaped component is used and is centered by centering at the bottom and at the top of the insert.

Figur 1

eine schematische Schnittdarstellung einer Gesamtansicht eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels des erfindungsgemäßen Befestigungssystems;

Figur 2

eine schematische Schnittdarstellung des Halteabschnitts des Befestigungssystems nach dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel;

Figur 3

eine schematische Schnittdarstellung in vergrößerter Ansicht des oberen Abschnitts des Befestigungssystems nach dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel;

Figuren

4A, 4B, 4C schematische Darstellungen in Aufsicht unterschiedlicher Platten des Abschlussmittels nach bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispielen des erfindungsgemäßen Befestigungssystems;

Figuren

5A, 5B, 6A, 6B schematische Teilschnittansichten zur Erläuterung der bei unterschiedlichen Füllmaterialien entstehenden Kräfteverhältnisse;

Figur 7

eine schematische Schnittdarstellung eines Einsatzes des Befestigungssystems nach einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung;

Figur 8

eine schematische Schnittdarstellung eines Befestigungssystems nach einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit einem Abschlussmittel in Form eines aufblasbaren Luftschlauches;

Figur 9

eine schematische Schnittdarstellung eines Befestigungssystems nach einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit einem Abschlussmittel in Form einer Vakuumeinrichtung;

Figur 10

eine schematische Darstellung von zwei Befestigungssystemen, die jeweils eine gegebenenfalls verbundene Holzkonstruktion tragen;

Figur 11

eine perspektivische Darstellung einer sog. Einschlaghülse; und

Figur 12

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Einsatzes für eine Einschlaghülse;

Figur 13

eine schematische Schnittdarstellung eines Befestigungssystems nach einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung mit sichelförmigen Abdeckmitteln, die als Zentriermittel wirken, und einem konischen Zentriermittel in dem Halteabschnitt der Verankerungsvorrichtung.

Preferred embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to the drawing. It shows:

FIG. 1

a schematic sectional view of an overall view of a first embodiment of the fastening system according to the invention;

FIG. 2

a schematic sectional view of the holding portion of the fastening system according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 3

a schematic sectional view in an enlarged view of the upper portion of the fastening system according to the first embodiment;

characters

4A, 4B, 4C are schematic representations in plan view of different plates of the closing means according to preferred embodiments of the fastening system according to the invention;

characters

5A, 5B, 6A, 6B are schematic partial sectional views for explaining the relationships of forces resulting from different filling materials;

FIG. 7

a schematic sectional view of an insert of the fastening system according to another embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8

a schematic sectional view of a fastening system according to a further embodiment of the invention with a closing means in the form of an inflatable air hose;

FIG. 9

a schematic sectional view of a fastening system according to a further embodiment of the invention with a closing means in the form of a vacuum device;

FIG. 10

a schematic representation of two fastening systems, each carrying an optionally connected wooden structure;

FIG. 11

a perspective view of a so-called. Impact sleeve; and

FIG. 12

a perspective view of an insert for an impact sleeve;

FIG. 13

a schematic sectional view of a fastening system according to another embodiment of the invention with sickle-shaped cover means acting as a centering means, and a conical centering in the holding portion of the anchoring device.

The exemplary embodiments of a device according to the invention shown in the figures Mounting system with anchoring device 1 for a rod or post-shaped Item 2 in the soil 3 include one in the soil 3 on and from this again releasable anchoring portion 4 with a thread and a subsequent to the anchoring portion 4 holding section 5 for Picking up the object 2. The holding section 5 has one with a filling opening 8 provided cup or tubular filling section 6 for receiving a filling material 7. The filling 7 represents a coarse or fine-grained, hard Sand, Rollsplitt- or rock material.

For the conclusion of the unilaterally upwardly open, otherwise completed Filling section 6 is a filling opening 8 at least partially overlapping, on the edge region of the filling section 6 releasably secured termination means 9 provided, which in more detail best from the Representation of Figure 3 can be seen. Made of metal or plastic Termination means 9 comprises a ring portion 11 whose outer dimensions are slightly smaller than the inner dimensions of the upper portion of the holding section 5 and which is equipped with a bore 12 through which the Object 2 is passed. The bore 12 may have a diameter, which corresponds to the outer diameter of the article 2, or may, as in the illustrated embodiment according to Figure 3, a much larger Have diameter than that of the article 2. It is also independent manufactured plate or disc 10 made of metal or plastic provided with a passage allowing the passage 2 of the article is provided, whose diameter corresponds to the outer diameter of the article 2. The Arrangement of the plate 10 and overlying ring portion 11 allows a sufficiently tight completion of the filling opening 12, wherein the dimensions the plate 10 and the bore 12 of the ring portion 11 chosen such are that under any orientation of the object 2 is an overlapping Region 13 of ring section 11 and plate 10 is given.

Especially with smaller outer diameters of the article 2 of typically a few centimeters or smaller can instead of a plate 10th also several superimposed plates of different dimensions and Holes are used to one - depending on the graininess of the used filling material - to achieve tight completion of the filling opening 8. It suffices such a sufficiently dense conclusion that any remaining Stomata are smaller than the granularity of the filling material used, such that escape of filler material from the holding section is avoided becomes.

A particular advantage in the use of such plates or discs 10 different Sizing is that posts are different External dimensions and shapes can be fixed without being different shaped plates 11 are needed. In this way, besides round posts 2 also those with any other cross-sectional shapes, about four or polygonal posts are attached.

The termination means 9 further has a collar-shaped or in profile U-shaped flange portion 14, by means of which the termination means 9 at the edge region of the holding portion 5 can be fixed. This is done in the illustrated Way distributed over several on the circumference of the flange portion 14 Bolts 16, which via helical compression springs 15 or other elastic Elements in the formed on the edge region of the holding portion 5 sleeves 17th are stored, and nuts 18 are releasably attached.

The operation is as follows.

The anchoring device 1 is for introduction into the soil 3 with a rotated on the holding portion 5 attaching tool and by means of the threaded portion 4 screwed into the soil 3. An imbalance of the longitudinal central axis LB the holding section relative to the vertical is not here as in conventional Concrete pillar annoying as it can be compensated. To when screwing the anchoring device 1 into the ground 3, the rod or post-shaped object 2 in the subsequent to the threaded portion 4 Holding section 5 introduced (see Figure 2). The first in the holding section 5 loose introduced item 2 is aligned to the vertical, the Longitudinal axis LG of the article 2 need not be superimposed. Of the in the holding section 5 not filled by the object 2 remaining filling space 6 is now with a coarse or fine-grained hard contents 7, such as in particular, chippings, filled up to the upper edge of the filling section. Of the Item 2 is now in itself substantially stable and permanently secured in position and can only in a direction transverse to the vertical using larger Power expenditures go crazy. For covering the filling opening is the plate 10 is placed. A definitive securing of the position becomes the closing remedy 9 by means of the bolts 16 while exerting a mechanical bias attracted to the plate 10 and thus to the contents 7. By the closing agent 9 thus a complete completion of the filling opening 8 is effected and - on the plate 10 - at the same time a mechanical tension on the Applied in the filling section 6 of the tubular holding portion 5 introduced contents.

FIGS. 4A to 4C show variants of an object enclosing and the filler opening 8 final cover in more detail. Here, the cover is in each case by two independent, prefabricated plates 10A and 10B formed of plastic or sheet metal having the cross-sectional shape the object to be used 2 adapted recesses are provided and one above the other cover the contents 7 by overlapping. In the execution According to Figure 4A, the plates 10A and 10B are formed by semi-annular sheet metal parts formed, whose free ends are formed overlapping. In the execution According to FIG. 4B, the two plates 10A and 10B have a sickle-shaped shape adapted with one of the cross-sectional shape of the article 2 to be used Inner arc of the sickle and the radius of curvature of the filling opening 12 adapted outer arch of the sickle, with the free ends of the sickles are again overlapping shaped. FIG. 4C finally shows an embodiment, in which the plates 10A and 10B have a square cross-section of the article are shaped to match.

According to the embodiments of the invention, the filling material used may have different external configurations; both edged and rounded or even spherical material, especially rock material, is suitable. In the schematic representations according to FIGS. 5A, 5B, 6A, 6B, the relationships of forces in the two limiting cases of a spherical rock material (FIGS. 5A, 6A) on the one hand and of an extremely edgy rock material on the other hand (FIG. 5B and FIG. 6B) are explained. FIGS. 5A and 5B show the conditions in the load case without additional external pressure or tension action on the filling material, ie show the balance of power of the contents on the fixed object, while Figures 6A and 6B, the balance of power in the filler material with an additional sub-voltage -Setting the filling material by the clamping device show. The force F ₁ is the force exerted by the held object 2 on the filling material 7, F _2, the corresponding counterforce to F ₁ of the wall 6a of the filling section 6, F _3, the upward or downward directed deflected forces of the "loose" Füllgutmaterials (FIGS. 5A, 5B), the force F _A the force exerted on the filling material by the clamping device, F _B the corresponding counterforce to F _A and F _C the clamping force acting on the object 2 or the wall 6a of the filling section 6 (FIGS , 6B). The forces assigned to each of the arrows indicate the direction and the amount of the acting forces.

By experiments with different Füllgutmaterialien the following facts have emerged, which will be explained with reference to Figures 5A, 5B, 6A, 6B. Round filler takes from the outset a stable, dense layer and fills the volume better, without it can be further compressed or compacted. The implementation of the clamping forces is already optimal. For the purpose of the invention sufficient attachment of the article is therefore sufficient in the case of round filling the use of a cover so that the filled round filler can not escape upwards, the cover should be under a certain bias against the filler to the position of the filling material to secure. Since with round Füllgutmaterial the risk of a reduction in the attachment effect occurring over time is far lower than with edged material, an additional, nachwirkendes under tension setting by means of elastic elements is not necessarily required for round Füllgutmaterial. It can be seen from FIGS. 5A and 6A that the clamping forces acting on the object are sufficiently great even without the use of a force-exerting pressure plate, as long as the filling opening is tightly closed to the extent that the upward forces F _{3 are} supported.

The force relationships are different for angular contents (FIGS. 5B, 6B). One edged filling material decreases due to the irregularity of the outer Shape and related labile position of the filled Material does not fill the volume completely filling position and relaxes Exercise a mechanical pressure still compress or falls in itself together. To achieve adequate attachment therefore appears in the Use of edged filling material the use of a clamping device, by means of which the edged filling material is compressed, at least at higher Requirements for the fastening effect, for example flagpoles and the like larger items required. That is what the Use of edged filling material not necessarily required that the filling hole is completely covered because of the better transmission the forces of the edged Füllgutmaterialien with each other an escape the material up far less occurs.

Figure 7 shows a further preferred embodiment of the invention, according to which the assembly, but also the repositioning or aligning objects 2 in the anchoring device 1 is further simplified. It is an insert 19 adapted according to the inner dimensions is provided, which can be made of sheet metal or plastic, and in front of the object 2 and the contents 7 in the holding section 5 through the filling opening 12 in the anchoring device 1 is introduced. After the removal of an object 2 from the anchoring device 1 is now not the contents 7 too remove, but it is in a simple way the insert 19 with the therein Contents 7 removed and can after emptying back to Use reach. Thus, a lasting, above all fast and uncomplicated Setting up and dismantling a rod or post-shaped object 1 possible.

Figures 8 and 9 show embodiments of the invention in which the termination means by a relative to ambient air pressure pressurized or pressure generating device is formed.

According to Figure 8, the anchoring device has a closing means in the form an inflatable air hose 20, which via an air valve 21 to an air pump is connectable. After insertion and alignment of the object 2 in the holding section 5 and filling the filling section with the contents 7 is the air hose 20, for example, be a standard bicycle tube can, placed on the contents, and inflated after attaching the terminating means.

In the embodiment of Figure 9, the anchoring device 1 has a closing means in the form of a vacuum device with one at the top of the Holding portion molded sealing collar and an O-ring 22, which is an airtight Ensure completion of the holding section relative to the object 2. About a connectable to a pump vacuum valve 25 can in the filling A negative pressure can be generated, whereby the contents through the surrounding atmospheric Pressure is put under tension, and this too over a possibly occurring over time compression of the Füllgutmaterials and concomitant reduction of the fastening effect preserved.

In the two embodiments of Figures 8 and 9 is a particular advantage in the compressibility of air and, consequently, over Long term good maintenance of the material acting on the material Compressive stress.

Figure 10 shows two fastening systems, wherein the left fastening system in Contrary to the right fastening system is not aligned axially parallel. Nevertheless, in both fastening systems, possibly interconnected Wooden structures anchored, which are aligned substantially parallel to the axis are. Such an arrangement, not only on two fastening systems is limited, for example, for the foundation construction of a wooden hut or similar application and by the axial compensation possibility the fastening systems according to the invention also used on uneven terrain become.

As a fastening system for receiving the rod or post-shaped objects it is also possible to use so-called impact sleeves according to FIG. 11, which in cross-section at least two intersecting plate-like parts have, and are conical / pointed, which radially radially having arranged portions which have a recessed area inside in which, for example, an inventive insert according to FIG 12 for receiving the rod or post-shaped objects can be fastened. Of the Insert preferably has an inner cone, in which a particular cylindrical rod with contents can be fixed. The insert can also be a cylindrical Having inner shape, in which case the rod is conical. As well the reception area of the impact sleeve can be tapered downwards and the insert according to the invention have a conical outer contour.

Figure 13 shows an inventive fastening system with a cylindrical Holding section and a sickle-shaped closing means, which or post-shaped component centered in the upper region of the holding portion and

has a centering in the lower region of the holding portion. This centering is done by a taper of the holding section cross section, so that the mostly annular lower end of the component on the entire circumference of the inner wall of the holding section rests. To increase the holding force it is special advantageous, in the annular gap between rod or post-shaped component and Inner wall of the holding section to place some particles of the contents so as to to create a clamping effect, which precludes any particular vertical forces.

Claims (21)

1. Securing system for the alignable securement of a bar- or pole-shaped article (2) protruding from an upper surface, said system having an anchoring apparatus (1) which is formed by a ground peg, a wrapping sleeve or a mountable support and is provided with an anchoring portion (4), which can be introduced into the ground defined by the upper surface and extracted from the ground again, or respectively which is detachably securable on the upper surface, and a retaining portion (5) for the alignable accommodation of the article (2) which is configured in such a manner that the article (2) is correctable in respect of its alignment relative to the anchoring apparatus and is securable in the aligned position, the retaining portion (5) having a cup-shaped filling portion (6) provided with a filler aperture (12), characterised by a granular filling material (7), which is accommodated in the remaining filling space of the filling portion (6) not filled by the inserted article (2) and hereby fixes the article (2) in the aligned position, the filling portion (6) having an inner wall which tapers conically, at least in sections.
2. Securing system according to claim 1, characterised in that the filling material (7) is a hard sand, gravel or stone material and/or a resilient plastics material.
3. Securing system according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the filling portion (6), for the accommodation of the filling material, is formed by an insert (19), which is insertable into the retaining portion (5) of the anchoring apparatus and can be removed again therefrom.
4. Securing system according to claim 3, characterised in that the insert (19) is formed by a prefabricated plastics material or sheet-metal part.
5. Securing system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the bar- or pole-shaped article (2) has a substantially frustoconical configuration at its lower end.
6. Securing system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that a trimming means (9) is provided, which covers the filler aperture (8) of the filling portion (6), at least in various regions, and is detachably secured on the edge region of the filling portion (6).
7. Securing system according to claim 6, characterised in that the trimming means (9) has a cover (10), which surrounds the article and terminates the filler aperture (8).
8. Securing system according to claim 7, characterised in that the cover (10) is formed by one or more independent, prefabricated plates formed from plastics material or sheet metal, which plate or plates respectively is or are provided with recesses or through-apertures adapted to the cross-sectional configuration of the article (2) to be inserted.
9. Securing system according to claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the cover (10) has a plurality of plates, which lie above one another and cover the filling material (7) by overlapping.
10. Securing system according to claim 9, characterised in that the plurality of plates, which lie above one another and overlap, have a sickle-shaped configuration, with an inner curve of the sickle adapted to the cross-sectional configuration of the article (2) to be inserted and with an outer curve of the sickle adapted to the radius of curvature of the filler aperture (12).
11. Securing system according to claim 9, characterised in that the through-apertures of the plates are disposed so as to be concentric with one another.
12. Securing system according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterised in that a tensioning means, by means of which the filling material is acted-upon with a mechanical tension, is associated with the trimming means (9).
13. Securing system according to claim 12, characterised in that the tensioning means is formed by resilient elements, which are mounted on the edge of the retaining portion (5) and are placed under pressure.
14. Securing system according to claim 13, characterised in that the trimming means (9) is in the form of a means (20, 22, 24), which generates pressure relative to the ambient air pressure or is placed under pressure .
15. Securing system according to claim 14, characterised in that the insert (19) is formed by a prefabricated plastics material or sheet-metal part.
16. Method of securing a bar- or pole-shaped article (2), protruding from an upper surface, in the ground (3) defined by the upper surface or respectively on the upper surface by means of a securing apparatus (1) according to one of claims 1 to 15, which apparatus has an anchoring portion (4), which is insertable into the ground and can be extracted again therefrom, or respectively which is detachably securable on the upper surface, and a retaining portion (5) for the accommodation of the article (2), characterised by the steps:

    introducing the anchoring portion (4) of the securing apparatus (1) into the ground or respectively disposing the anchoring portion (4) on the upper surface;

    introducing the article (2) into the retaining portion (5);

    aligning and positioning the article (2) in the retaining portion (5) in its position relative to the securing apparatus (1); and

    introducing a granular filling material (7) into a filling portion (6), which is provided with a filler aperture (12), of the cup-shaped or tubular retaining portion (5), thereby safeguarding and permanently fixing the aligned position of the article (2) through the granular filling material (7).
17. Method according to claim 16, characterised in that a permanent fixing of the article (2) is effected by covering-over the filler aperture (8) by means of a trimming means (9), which covers the filler aperture (8) of the filling portion (6), at least in various regions, and is detachably secured on the edge region of the filling portion (6).
18. Method according to claim 17, characterised in that the filling material (7) is placed under mechanical pressure by means of a tensioning means or respectively is compressed.
19. Method according to claim 16 or 17, characterised in that the securing system (1) is screwed or respectively hammered into the ground.
20. Method according to one of claims 16 to 19, characterised in that the filling material (7) is a hard sand, gravel or stone material and/or a resilient plastics material.
21. Method according to one of claims 16 to 20, characterised in that the filling portion (6), for the accommodation of the filling material, is formed by an insert (19), which is insertable into the retaining portion (5) of the securing system and is removable again therefrom.

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