EP1054115A1 - Building block for making angled walls - Google Patents

Abstract

Building block (1) comprises convex-shaped section (2), concave-shaped section (3) and breakable intermediate section (4). Concave section is placed against convex section so as to define desired angle. Block is delivered in one piece to building site, and broke into two parts along intermediate section when needed.

Description

The present invention relates to a building block intended the realization of a building wall angle.

It is known to make an angle, generally an obtuse angle, at a wall, using building blocks some of which have a rounded longitudinal end of convex shape, and others a rounded longitudinal end of concave shape. A block to concave end can be placed in the extension of a block to convex end, at the desired angle, so that its end concave is engaged around the convex end of the other element, and reciprocally.

Disadvantages of existing building blocks to be relatively complex and expensive to manufacture and operate, because the obligation to produce and market two types of element. It is thus necessary to provide two types of manufacturing, to manage two stocks of different products, and to package and deliver both series of products.

There are building blocks to remedy partially to this situation: each of these blocks includes, on the same longitudinal end, a rounded part of convex shape extending over half the height of the block and a rounded part of concave shape extending over the other half of this height, and each block is symmetrical with respect to its median longitudinal plane; a block can thus be turned over in relation to an adjacent block, so that the concave and convex rounded parts of the adjacent ends of these two blocks can come in reciprocal nesting.

This technique makes it possible to manufacture only one type of block, but has the drawback of forcing the blocks to be symmetrical from their median longitudinal plane. In addition, the shape of the blocks is relatively complex, which leads to the use of multiple molds parties, and prohibits the use of advantageous manufacturing techniques in this type of application, in particular extrusion manufacturing.

The present invention aims to remedy these drawbacks essentials.

• une partie présentant une extrémité de forme convexe, cette partie étant propre à constituer un élément de construction à extrémité de forme convexe, ou une moitié d'un tel élément de construction ;
• une partie présentant une extrémité de forme concave, cette partie étant propre à constituer un élément de construction à extrémité de forme concave, ou une moitié d'un tel élément de construction, cette extrémité de forme concave étant propre à être engagée autour de l'extrémité de forme convexe d'un élément de construction à extrémité de forme convexe, selon l'angle du mur à réaliser ; et
• une partie intermédiaire ruptible, reliant les deux parties précitées du bloc de construction et susceptible d'être rompue lors de la construction du mur pour séparer ces deux parties et constituer ainsi les deux éléments de construction précités, ou les deux moitiés d'élément de construction précitées.

To this end, the building block it concerns includes:

• a part having a convex end, this part being suitable for constituting a construction element with a convex end, or a half of such a construction element;
• a part having a concave-shaped end, this part being suitable for constituting a construction element with a concave-shaped end, or a half of such a construction element, this concave-shaped end being suitable for being engaged around the convex end of a building element with convex end, according to the angle of the wall to be produced; and
• a breakable intermediate part, connecting the two aforementioned parts of the building block and capable of being broken during the construction of the wall to separate these two parts and thus constitute the two aforementioned construction elements, or the two halves of construction element mentioned above.

The invention provides a building block comprising a concave shaped end part and shaped end part convex connected together by a breakable intermediate part, the break of this intermediate part intervening at the time of construction of the Wall. A single tool can therefore be used to manufacture this block, and the manufactured blocks are identical, so there is no need to manufacture, manage, package and deliver two different series of blocks but only one series of identical building blocks.

Advantageously, the various aforementioned parts of the block are sections, and these parts are made of the same material, said part intermediate consisting of sails of this material, which connect said parts comprising the ends of concave and convex shape.

The block according to the invention can thus be produced in its together by extrusion of a material commonly used to manufacture such building elements, in particular clay used to manufacture bricks. Aerated concrete can also be used to make this block.

According to one possibility, the faces of the parts comprising the convex and concave ends which are connected to said part intermediate are the transverse faces of the building elements, or halves of building elements, intended to come inside the wall to to build.

The rupture of this intermediate part leaves no trace visible on the outside of the building elements, once they have been place in the wall.

Alternatively, the parts comprising the convex and concave ends are connected to said part intermediate by their faces delimiting these ends of convex shape and concave, these faces being arranged so as to run alongside one another.

The advantage of this block is that it is easy to handle and pack given its shape.

Said convex and concave end portions may, after rupture of said intermediate part, constitute completely two building elements. In this case, the end parts convex and concave respectively have rounded ends convex and concave of substantially semi-cylindrical shape. These same parts may constitute only half of the building elements corresponding, the complete construction elements being produced by grouping of portions of building elements from two building blocks. In this case, each block has a width corresponding to half of the wall to be made; the convex end part includes two parallel side faces, one of which is extended by a convex side extending to the plane of the other lateral face, i.e. at an angle at the center of substantially 90 °; the concave end part includes two parallel side faces of lengths different, whose ends are joined by a concave shaped face substantially opposite to that of the convex face of the other part.

Advantageously, the convex end portion of each block includes a recess running right through it in the vertical direction of the building element, the different recesses of the elements of construction superimposed within the wall jointly delimiting a vertical cavity which extends over the height of the wall, cavity in which a reinforcement can be put in place and concrete can be poured to ensure the final stiffening of the wall at said angle.

Preferably, in this case, said recess has a section transverse circular, when said convex end portion is intended to constitute the entire building element, or has a semi-circular cross section, when this same part is intended to constitute only half of said construction element.

Preferably, the parts with convex and concave ends above have a length ratio ranging from substantially one to two.

The different lengths of these parts allow to shift the joints between two adjacent building elements within the wall, from one row of building elements to the next row vertically.

In addition, preferably, each of said end portions convex and with concave end comprises, at its face cross intended to be placed against an adjacent building block within the wall, at least one groove suitable for being filled with the material jointing of construction elements, or suitable for receiving at minus a corresponding rib of an adjacent building element that the wall includes, to ensure the fixing of each element of construction located at said angle with said construction element adjacent.

Convex and concave shaped ends can be rounded, allowing an infinite number of possible positions of an element of construction with end of concave shape with respect to an element of convex end construction, or may include facets, allowing to define a determined number of possible positions of a building element with a concave end relative to a building element with a convex end.

La figure 1 est une vue en perspective de ce bloc selon une première forme de réalisation ;

la figure 2 est une vue en perspective d'une moitié d'élément de construction "mâle" obtenue à partir du bloc montré à la figure 1 ;

la figure 3 est une vue en perspective d'une moitié d'élément de construction "femelle" obtenue à partir du bloc de la figure 1 ;

la figure 4 est une vue de dessus d'un élément de construction "mâle" et d'un élément de construction "femelle", ces éléments étant respectivement obtenus par rapprochement de deux moitiés d'élément montrées à la figure 2, et de deux moitiés d'élément montrées à la figure 3 ; trois positions possibles de l'élément de construction femelle par rapport à l'élément de construction mâle sont représentées, une en traits pleins, les deux autres en traits mixtes ;

la figure 5 est une vue en perspective d'un mur de bâtiment au niveau d'un angle que comprend ce mur, cet angle étant obtenu au moyen d'une série d'éléments de construction tels que montrés à la figure 4, et

la figure 6 est une vue de dessus du bloc selon une deuxième forme de réalisation.

For a good understanding, the invention is again described below with reference to the appended schematic drawing representing, by way of nonlimiting examples, two possible embodiments of the building block that it relates to.

Figure 1 is a perspective view of this block according to a first embodiment;

Figure 2 is a perspective view of a half of a "male" building element obtained from the block shown in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a perspective view of a half of a "female" building element obtained from the block of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a top view of a "male" building element and a "female" building element, these elements being respectively obtained by bringing together two element halves shown in Figure 2, and two element halves shown in Figure 3; three possible positions of the female building element relative to the male building element are shown, one in solid lines, the other two in phantom;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a building wall at an angle which this wall includes, this angle being obtained by means of a series of construction elements as shown in FIG. 4, and

Figure 6 is a top view of the block according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 1 represents a building block 1 comprising a part 2 having a convex end, a part 3 having a concave end and an intermediate part breakable 4.

Part 2 has a transverse face 5 through which it is connected to part 4, two parallel lateral faces 6, an upper face 7 and a lower face. One of the two faces 6 is extended by a face convex 8 extending into the plane of the other face 6, or on a angle at the center of substantially 90 °.

Part 2 also includes a groove 10 arranged in its thickness, from its face 5, and a semi-cylindrical recess 11 which crosses it right through in the height direction of block 1, this recess 11 being arranged from face 6 not extended by the face 8.

Part 3 has a transverse face 15 through which it is connected to part 4, two parallel side faces 16, of length different, an upper face 17, a lower face and a concave face 18 of substantially opposite shape to that of the face 8.

The face 15 includes a groove 20 similar to the groove 10.

It appears in Figure 1 that the length of part 2 is substantially double that of part 3, and that the tapered portion 21 of part 3, delimited by the largest face 16 and by the face 18, is fitted on the same longitudinal side of block 1 as that on which finds the recess 11.

Part 4 consists of six longitudinal sails 25, which connect parts 2 and 3 perpendicularly to faces 5 and 15, and by a transverse web 26 extending parallel to these faces 5 and 15, at equal distance from them. The thickness of these webs 25, 26 is such that these sails can be easily broken on a building site using tools current manuals, so as to divide block 1, as shown below.

It appears that the entire block 1 is profiled, that is to say that this block 1 has a constant shape in the direction of the height of this block 1, all the faces of parts 2 and 3, as well as the sails 25 and 26, being parallel to this height.

The entire block 1 is made of the same material, especially clay used for making bricks or concrete cell, by an extrusion technique. Such a technique is rendered possible by the profiled structure of block 1.

This material and the aforementioned thickness of the webs 25 and 26 allows to divide block 1 to constitute half a building element "male" 32 with convex wall, corresponding to part 2, which is shown at Figure 2, and a half of "female" building element 33 with a wall concave, corresponding to part 3, which is shown in figure 3.

In practice, a series of blocks 1 is produced according to conventional processes. The positioning of the tapered portion 21 on the same side as the recess 11 allows a good distribution of the masses within block 1, and therefore avoid any risk of warping of the latter during the drying of its constituent material.

For the construction of a wall 40 as shown in Figure 5, comprising an angle 41, a series of blocks 1 is delivered to the site. These blocks 1 are broken at the level of parts 4, in the aforementioned manner, to constitute the element halves 32 and 33.

Figure 4 shows that two halves of element 32 from two blocks can be placed side by side to form an element of complete construction 320 with convex end, this end having a substantially semi-cylindrical in shape, while two element halves of construction 33 can be placed side by side to form an element complete construction 330 with concave end, also in shape substantially semi-cylindrical.

This figure 4 shows that an element 330 can be placed in the extension of an element 320, with engagement of the end convex of element 320 in the concave end of element 330, in several directions depending on the angle 41 to be produced, the rounding of sides 8 and 18 allowing to maintain an adjacent positioning of the elements 320 and 330, and therefore continuity on the wall 40.

It appears in Figure 5 that the cylindrical recesses 11 of elements 320 of different rows of blocks which constitute the wall 40 come close to each other and allow the setting in place of a reinforcement then pouring concrete into them to ensure a final stiffening of the wall 40 at the angle 41.

This figure also shows that the respective lengths above of parts 2 and 3, therefore elements 32 and 33, allow to offset the vertical joints 50 of assembly of these elements with others building elements that includes wall 40, of a row elements to an adjacent row of elements in the vertical direction.

In addition, Figure 5 shows that the grooves 5 and 15 are suitable for being filled with the jointing material of the different construction elements, to secure each element of construction with the various adjacent construction elements.

Block 1 shown in Figure 6 also includes parts 2 to 4 as mentioned above. The elements already described with reference in Figures 1 to 5 which are found in this block are designated by the same reference numbers.

In this block 1, parts 2 and 3 are connected to part 4 by their faces 8 and 18 delimiting said ends of convex shape and concave, these faces 8 and 18 being arranged so as to follow one the other.

This block 1 thus has an overall shape parallelepiped, easy to handle and pack.

Figure 6 further shows that the structure of parts 2 and 3 may be cellular and not full as in the block of FIGS. 1 to 5, and a web 60 can be arranged across the recess 11, to stiffen the structure of part 2 during the manufacture of block 1, if necessary is, this veil 60 can then be broken to release said recess 11.

The invention thus provides a building block intended for the realization of a building wall angle, making it possible to remedy the disadvantages of homologous blocks of the prior art, in this sense that it has a relatively simple structure and that it can be manufactured by extrusion.

Claims (10)

Building block (1) intended for making a building wall angle, characterized in that it comprises: a part (2) having a convex end, this part (2) being suitable for constituting a construction element with a convex end, or a half of such a construction element (32); a part (3) having a concave end, this part (3) being suitable for constituting a building element with a concave end, or half of such a building element (33), this end of concave form being suitable for being engaged around the convex end of a building element with a convex end, according to the angle (41) of the wall (40) to be produced; and a breakable intermediate part (4), connecting the two aforementioned parts (2, 3) of the building block (1) and capable of being broken during the construction of the wall (40) to separate these two parts (2, 3) and thereby constitute the aforementioned two building elements, or the aforementioned two building element halves (32, 33). Building block according to claim 1, characterized in that its different parts (2, 3, 4) are profiled, and that these parts (2, 3, 4) are made of the same material, said part intermediate (4) consisting of webs (25, 26) of this material, which connect said parts (2, 3) comprising the concave ends and convex. Building block according to claim 1 or the claim 2, characterized in that the faces (5, 15) of the parts (2, 3) comprising the concave and convex ends which are connected to said intermediate part (4) are the transverse faces of the elements of construction, or halves of construction elements (32, 33), for come inside the wall (40) to build. Building block according to claim 1 or the claim 2, characterized in that the parts (2, 3) comprising the convex and concave ends are connected to said part intermediate (4) by their faces (8, 18) delimiting these shape ends convex and concave, these faces (8, 18) being arranged so as to be run alongside each other. Building block according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said parts (2, 3) with ends of convex shape and concave make up only half of the building elements corresponding (32, 33), the complete building elements (320, 330) being produced by grouping together portions of construction elements (32, 33) from two building blocks (1); each block (1) has a width corresponding to half of the wall (40) to be produced; part (2) to convex end comprises two parallel lateral faces (6), one of which is extended by a convex face (8) extending as far as the plane of the other lateral face (6), ie at an angle at the center of substantially 90 °; the part (3) with concave end comprises two side faces parallels (16) of different lengths, the ends of which are joined together by a concave face (18) of shape substantially opposite to that of the face convex (8) of the other part (2). Building block according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that its part (2) with convex end comprises a recess (11) which passes right through it in the vertical direction of the construction element (32), the various recesses (11) of the elements of construction (320) superimposed within the wall (40) delimiting together a vertical cavity which extends over the height of the wall (40), cavity in which a reinforcement can be put in place and concrete can be poured to ensure the final stiffening of the wall (40) at the level of said angle. Building block according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the parts (2, 3) with convex and concave ends above have a length ratio ranging from substantially one to two. Building block according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that each of said parts (2, 3) with convex end and with a concave end comprises, at its transverse face intended to be placed against an adjacent building block within the wall (40), at least one groove (5, 15) suitable for being filled with the material jointing of construction elements, or suitable for receiving at minus a corresponding rib of an adjacent building element that the wall includes. Building block according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the convex and concave shaped ends are rounded, allowing an infinite number of possible positions of an element of construction with end of concave shape with respect to an element of convex end construction. Building block according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the convex and concave shaped ends include facets, allowing to define a determined number of possible positions of a form-end building element concave with respect to a form-end building element convex.

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